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Libraries In Education

*Rangeeta and ** Dr. Dharam Vir Singh

**Research Scholar, Department of Library and information Science, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

* Associate Professor, Department of Library and information Science, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: rnehra39@gmail.com

Abstract: Education can be defined as the process of acquiring knowledge or habit through instruction or study. Education is the process of bringing desirable change in the behaviour of human beings. The behavioural changes must be directed towards a desirable end. There should also be changed in Knowledge, attitude, skills and understanding. With the growing need of society, education has converted to many shapes such as adult, child, Physical, health, Technical education and so on. The common types of Education are worth mentioned below those are Formal Education, Non formal education and Informal Education. Formal Education is that type of education in which the learner is involved in institution activities which based on hierarchal structured grading, uniform subjects and required full time and leads to some Certificates, Degree or Diploma etc. Non Formal Education is learner oriented and life environment. The learners are free hand and built on learner participation. This type of education is flexible and don't have the level of curriculum and syllabus. This form of education is dependent on expert and qualified teacher. It depends on the skill and capacity of individual some example of non formal educations is swimming class, sports program and Seminar etc. In Informal education process the individual is learning from his daily experiences and environment where an individual is working. This type of education in a lifelong process and people can learn from the experiences of other individuals some examples are how to deals with complex situation in home or outside.

[Rangeeta; Dharam Vir Singh. Libraries In Education. Researcher 2024;16(12):1-4]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 01. doi:10.7537/marsrsj161224.01

Keywords: Library; Society; Education

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Morphological and Allometric Study of Calendula officinalis Species Collected from Gilgit, Pakistan

Sajida Amir; Reena Aqil; Romana Batool; Karishma; Ghazala Shaheen; Midhat Fatima;  Mesum Abbas; Tika Khan

Department of plant science Karakorum International University Kondas Gilgit,500, Pakistan

sajidaamir96@gmail.com

Abstract: Calendula officinalis (Marigold), besides extensive use in ornamentation, is famously known for its valued medicines used in cancer treatments, eye and skin care. It is cultivated in more than 145 countries. It has a multi-million-dollar floriculture industry alone. It has a wide variety of uses ranging from commercial, religious, social, medicinal and ornamental. Being a stress resistant flowering plant grown in all agroecological regions of Pakistan. However, its preferers relatively cold ecological zones including provinces of Gilgit-Baltistan and Khyber Pukhtoon Khaw. This study has attempted to assess the impact of varied climatic conditions (slope, sunshine, day length, moisture and temperature) on the growth (leaves, sepals, petals, stamens and carpels) of Calendula officinalis. Samples (N=100) were collected from three different locations in the study area (East, North and West facing). The elevation was kept the same. Results revealed that coloration (gene expression) is independent of any change in the climatic factors. flowers can be found in orange, yellow and a mix of these colors. The mean area of sepals was 0.73 mm (R² = 0.066), petals 4.84 mm (R² = 0.0229), stamen 0.085 mm (R² = 0.837), carpel 7.73 mm (R² = 0.2728), and leaves 485.22 mm (R² = 0.0902). The size of petals is 85.5% larger than sepals. Similarly, carpel is 98.9% bigger than the stamens. Sizes of different parts studied showed almost least dependencies on the climatic conditions.

[Sajida Amir; Reena Aqil; Romana Batool; Karishma; Ghazala Shaheen; Midhat Fatima;  Mesum Abbas; Tika Khan. Morphological and Allometric Study of Calendula officinalis Species Collected from Gilgit, Pakistan. Researcher 2024;16(12):5-9]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 02. doi:10.7537/marsrsj161224.02 

Key words: Morphometry; Allometry; Calendula officinalis; Hybridization; Ornamental; Gene Expression

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Iron Sequestration And Bacterial Pathogens

*Nikita Choudhary And **Dr. Shivarti Gautam

*Research Scholar, Department of Biotechnology, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

**Professor, Department of Biotechnology, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: 62024nikita@gmail.com

Abstract: Sequestration of the essential nutrient iron from bacterial invaders that colonize the vertebrate host is a central feature of nutritional immunity and the "fight over transition metals" at the host-pathogen interface. The iron quota for many bacterial pathogens is large, as iron enzymes often make up a significant share of the metalloproteome. Iron enzymes play critical roles in respiration, energy metabolism, and other cellular processes by catalyzing a wide range of oxidation-reduction, electron transfer, and oxygen activation reactions. In this Concept article, we discuss recent insights into the diverse ways that bacterial pathogens acquire this essential nutrient, beyond the well-characterized tris-catecholate Fe^III complexes, in competition and cooperation with significant host efforts to cripple these processes. We also discuss pathogen strategies to adapt their metabolism to less-than-optimal iron concentrations, and briefly speculate on what might be an integrated adaptive response to the concurrent limitation of both iron and zinc in the infected host.

[Nikita Choudhary; Shivarti Gautam. Iron Sequestration And Bacterial Pathogens. Researcher 2024;16(12):10-14]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 03. doi:10.7537/marsrsj161224.03

Keywords: Catechols; host-pathogen interface; iron; iron uptake; metal nutrient acquisition; siderophores

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Review Of Literature On Investigate The Effect Of Titanium (Ti) Alloys On Machining

*Vineeta Ahirvar And ** Dr. Deepak Kumar Verma

*Research Scholar, Department of Chemistry, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

**Professor, Department of Chemistry, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: vinisavi90@gmail.com

Abstract: Titanium (Ti) alloys are produced with the combination of titanium and alloying elements. Titanium and titanium alloys are lightweight materials with high toughness, corrosion resistance and tensile strength at high temperatures. Titanium and its alloys have been widely used in several industrial applications, such as marine, biomedicine, chemical, energy and other industries. However, machining of Ti alloys is extremely difficult due to the high cutting temperature, high tool wear, and built-up edge formation. Therefore, this research aimed to extensively review the impact of machining inputs on the machining force, chip formation, cutting temperature, tool wear, mechanical properties (residual stress, fatigue and hardness) and surface integrity (surface roughness, surface defect and microstructure) during turning and milling of Ti alloys. Moreover, laser-assisted machining, ultrasonically assisted machining and different cooling systems were reviewed and discussed. It was found that these techniques can significantly improve Ti alloys’ machinability. They can improve the surface integrity, tool life and mechanical properties as well as reducing the machining force and cutting temperature. The findings of this research can help manufacturers and researchers who work on machining processes, specially machining of Ti alloys.

[Vineeta Ahirvar; Deepak Kumar Verma. Review Of Literature On Investigate The Effect Of Titanium (Ti) Alloys On Machining. Researcher 2024;16(12):15-20]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 04. doi:10.7537/marsrsj161224.04

Keywords: Review Of Literature; Investigate; Titanium (Ti); Alloys; Machining

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          Effect Of Computer Assisted Instruction On The Achievement

And Retention Of Students

*Sunita Rani and ** Dr. Babita Chaudhary

**Research Scholar, Department of Education, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

* Assistant Professor, Department of  Education, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: Srsunita1237@gmail.com

Abstract: Students turn into passive information receptors of knowledge and information. In order to end this lack of teaching related to non-constructivist approaches, some empirical studies have revealed innovative and student-centered approaches that promote the acquisition of skills among students (Nganyadi, 2021). Nowadays, many studies in the published literature indicate that there is a strong relationship between the use of computers and students’ acquisition in teaching and learning processes (Altun & Alev, 2007). Computer technologies are an integral part of modern science and science education. The use of computers in science can be divided into five categories: symbolic manipulation, data collection, simulation, numerical analysis, analysis and visualization (Gold & Tobochnick, 1996). The ICT-based learning activities include making presentations using laptops/computers, making observational videos, search for learning resources through the internet, send emails and business productivity software such as text editor and spreadsheet, enterprise software, data storage and security, network security and others (Ashrafi & Murtaza, 2008; Van Laar et al., 2017).

[Rani, S. and Chaudhary, B. Effect Of Computer Assisted Instruction On The Achievement And Retention Of Students. Researcher 2024;16(12):21-24]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 05. doi:10.7537/marsrsj161224.05

Keywords: Students; Computer Assisted Instruction; Achievement And Retention

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A literature review and logical structure by Aby Warburg, the pioneer of iconography

GAO Minghui

Doctoral student in aesthetics, School of Philosophy, Heilongjiang University. Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China

Abstract: Aby Warburg is often seen as the pioneer of iconography, and with the advent of the image age, the linguistic turn is being replaced by the image turn. "Warburg Study" has gradually become an upsurge in the 1990s, and has been flourishing until now. It is of practical significance to explore and discuss its valuable academic resources. Warburg's academic research involves a wide range of subjects, with obvious interdisciplinary and dynamic. His writings were few and scattered throughout his life, mostly preserved in the form of notes, drawing boards and speeches. However, these fragmented articles and notes have influenced the development of many research fields such as art history, anthropology, politics, philosophy and aesthetics. This paper comprehensively and systematically combs and expounds the research on Warburg in western and domestic academia, analyzes the current research situation and summarizes the existing problems and development trends of the research, so as to provide references for a comprehensive and in-depth interpretation of Warburg's life and his art image theory.

[GAO Minghui. A literature review and logical structure by Aby Warburg, the pioneer of iconography. Researcher 2024;16(12):25-30]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 06. doi:10.7537/marsrsj161224.06

Keywords: Warburg; Graphics; Literature review

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Study On Retrospective And Animal Health Problems Investigation, In The Selected Districts Of Beenishangul Gumuz Regional State

¹Asmamaw Aki*, ²Birhanu Eticha, ³Dejen Tsehayeneh, ⁴Gezachew Wubaye

^{1 and 3} Assosa, Regional Veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O. Box 326, Assosa, Ethiopia; asmamawaki@gmail.com, phone: 0902330029

^{2 and 4} Benishangul Gumuz Regional State Bureau of Agriculture P.O. Box 30, Assosa, Ethiopia; e-mail: brihanueticha12@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:  Survey was  conducted on retrospective  and  animal health problems  in the 23 kebeles of Abrahamo, Bambasi, Homosha, Sadal, Pawe and Dibate districts in Benishangul Gumuz regional state, with the objectives to identify the main constraints related with livestock production and cause morbidity, mortality and associated risk factors. In this survey, the demographic features of respondents were assessed and 7.27%, 7.8%, 11.95%, 4.21% and 16.19% of crude mortality rates were recorded in cattle, sheep, goat, equine and poultry respectively in six Districts of study sites. The highest and lowest (16.2%) and (4.21%) crude mortality rates rates were recorded in poultry and equine respectively. Without poultry, overall crude mortality rates were 8.56%. 21.2%, 19.32%, and 35.46% of calf, lamb and kid of young mortality rate were registered. So, overall 27.1% of young crude mortality was recorded.  Respondents of  livestock owners indicated that , the highest morbidity rates were  Trypanosomosis  (12.26%) ,  CBPP (10.72%), Shoat pneumonia(11.99%), NCD (22.49%), avian salmonella(12.67%), CCPP(10.7%), while the lowest morbidity rates were Bovine pastuerellosis (5.93%), Shoat pox (6.70%), equine pneumonia(3.39%), ovine pasteurelloss(3.07%). Of the respondents, 89.52%, 80.47%, 77.14%, 73.80%, 67.62% , 61.42% and 46.2% of respondents were ranked as Trypanosomosis, Pasteuerellosis, endo parasite, NCD, PPR, ectoparasite and CBPP as the highest priority animal diseases while, 14.76%, 11.90%, 9.52%, 8.57%, 5.23%, 4.76%, 3.80% of respondents indicated, Black leg, FMD, LSD, Rabies, Anthrax, Brucellosis, CCPP as the lowest priority diseases respectively. In study areas, un appropriate treatment, irregular vaccination schedule, less monitoring system, and weak disease surveillance were the main gaps identified. Therefore, strategic prevention and control measures should be implemented properly in study areas so as to reduce the problems encountered.

[Asmamaw Aki, Birhanu Eticha, Dejen Tsehayeneh, Gezachew Wubaye. Study On Retrospective And Animal Health Problems Investigation, In The Selected Districts Of Beenishangul Gumuz Regional State. Researcher 2024;16(12):31-48]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 07. doi:10.7537/marsrsj161224.07

Keywords:  Constraints; morbidity; mortality; respondents; retrospective

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Teaching reform and practice of general courses in universities of science and engineering

------ Take the course "Practical Image Etiquette" for example

XIE Qi ¹, ZHANG Bingna ²

(1. Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Institute of Technology, Heilongjiang Harbin;

2. School of Humanities and Education, Liaodong University, Dandong, Liaoning Province, China)

Abstract: In view of society's desire for diverse talents, especially in the context of increasing cross-cultural communication and teamwork, science and engineering college students need to cultivate professional knowledge and etiquette communication skills. At present, etiquette communication education is still insufficient in the science and engineering education system, the curriculum is theoretical, the teaching method is single, and it fails to meet the increasing practical and interactive needs of students. The social and students' expectations for the ability to communicate etiquette are aligned, highlighting the urgency of reform. This paper advocates integrating general etiquette courses into science and engineering education in order to improve students' social skills and professional quality. This paper puts forward a series of teaching reform strategies. Advocate flipped classroom, the use of multimedia technology to enhance the dynamic and participatory teaching. Situational simulation and role-playing activities are designed to enable students to learn and master etiquette rules in practice. In addition, it promotes the use of interactive learning platforms to create continuous online discussion and learning Spaces. At the same time, strengthen cooperation with enterprises to provide practical opportunities for students, so that theoretical knowledge and practical needs are closely connected. The professional development of teachers should not be neglected, and the teaching concept and method should be updated through regular training to ensure the quality of education. Establish a sound evaluation and feedback mechanism to monitor the effectiveness of reform and continuously optimize teaching strategies. Through the above reform measures, the aim is to create a student-centered etiquette communication education model with equal emphasis on theory and practice, in order to cultivate science and engineering talents who can not only cope with scientific and technological challenges, but also have good interpersonal skills, and meet the diversified needs of society. The research results and suggestions of this paper not only have practical significance for the curriculum reform of science and engineering schools, but also provide a new perspective for the humanities quality education in the field of higher education.

[XIE Qi, ZHANG Bingna. Teaching reform and practice of general courses in universities of science and engineering------ Take the course "Practical Image Etiquette" for example Researcher 2024;16(12):49-54]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 08. doi:10.7537/marsrsj161224.08

Keywords: Etiquette communication; Teaching reform; Flipped classroom; Multimedia teaching; Science and engineering education

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