No.

Titles / Authors /Abstracts

Full Text

No.

1

Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis in selected kebeles of Guangua, woreda, Amhara region, north west part of Ethiopia.

Abere Dawud and *Asmamaw Aki

Regional Veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O.Box:326, Asossa, Ethiopia; Email address: asmamawaki@gmail.com; Cell phone: +251902330029

Abstract: Trypanosomosis is wasting disease of tropical countries that contribute negatively to benefit human and productivity of animal. The Cross sectional study was conducted in selected Kebeles of Guangua Woreda, Amhara Region, North West Part of Ethiopia from November 2017 to April 2018 to determine the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis on randomly selected animal using parasitological study. Total of 384 blood samples were collected from four kebele and examined. The result of parasitological finding indicates 1.82% of total prevalence in the study area. In the present study two species of Trypanosoma identified, from total (7) positive sample 4(1.04%) was showed Trypanosoma vivax and 3(0.78%) of them indicate Trypanosoma congolense. The present study indicate there were no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) observed between kebele, sex and age group of animal whereas statistically significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in body condition. In this study the anemia prevalence was higher in trypanosome infected cattle (71.4%) than in non-infected cattle (28.6%) and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). The present study showed that there was slightly higher prevalence than previous study which was conducted in Woreda. In general the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis in the study area was minimum, this may be due to seasonality of fly population Therefore, further study should be conduct in this area especially in wet season to understand the prevalence of the disease and its effect on bovine.

[Abere Dawud and Asmamaw Aki. Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomosis in selected kebeles of Guangua, woreda, Amhara region, north west part of Ethiopia. Researcher 2019;11(9):1-7]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 1. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110919.01.

Keywords: Bovine, Guangua, Prevalence, Trypanosomosis

Full Text

1

2

Evaluate the Impacts of Land Use/Land Cover Dynamics on Stream Flow of Gelda Watershed, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia

Mulugeta A. Tegegne¹, Temesgen E. Nigusie²

¹Department of Water Technology, Bahir Dar Polytechnic College, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

Email: 10qb4u@gmail.com

²Faculty of Civil and Water Resources Engineering, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

Email: temesgenku@gmail.com

Abstract: This study evaluates the impact of land use/land cover change dynamics on Gelda stream using SWAT and SWAT-CUP models in Gelda watershed. Environment for visualizing images (ENVI) and Arc GIS were used to generate land use land cover maps from Landsat TM, ETM+, and OLI/TIRS developed in 1984, 2000, and 2016, respectively. The land cover maps were generated using the Maximum Likelihood Algorithm of Supervised Classification. Change detection was done by using ENVI 5.1 software. During this study, most parts of the grazing land and vegetative covers were changed to agricultural land (14.32%). An increase of agricultural land by 32.23 % from 1984- 2016 resulted in a change of stream flow. In the change detection analysis from this study between 1984 and 2016, the sum of forest, bush, and grazing lands were significantly changed to agricultural land by 32.77% whereas the sum of the forest, bush, and grazing lands were changed to built-up area by 1.14 %. The Model calibration and validation for stream flow were done for 20 (1987-2006) and 10 (2007-2016) years without warm up period respectively. The monthly calibration and validation results showed that a very good agreement between measured and simulated flow with R2 of 0.86, NSE of 0.81 and PBIAS of 0.08 for calibration, and R2 of 0.88, NSE of 0.78, and PBIAS of 0.11 for validation. The analysis indicated that, the stream flow during the wet months has increased, while the flow during the dry months has decreased. The surface runoff increased, while groundwater flow de-creased from the year 1984-2016. The model results showed that the stream flow characteristics was changed due to the land use land cover change during the study periods from1984-2016.

[Ayalew M., Enku T. Evaluate the Impacts of Land Use/Land Cover Dynamics on Stream Flow of Gelda Watershed, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia. Researcher 2019;11(9):8-19]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 2. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110919.02.

Key words: CFSR data, SWAT, SWAT-CUP, LULCC, Calibration, and validation

Full Text

2

3

Effects of prebiotics on growth performance

Zeinab M. S. Amin Girh¹, Nagwa S. Rabie¹ and Mona S. Zaki²

¹Department of Poultry Diseases, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

²Hydrobiology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza Egypt

drmonazaki@yahoo.com

Abstract: Due to the threat and emergence of bacterial resistance against antibiotics, the use of in-feed antibioticsat therapeutic and subtherapeutic levels has been limited. Complete withdrawal of antibioticsas growth promoters (AGP) has led to poor gut health signs in chickens that include conditions like wet litter, intestinal bacteria overgrowth, poor growth performance, malabsorption and various diseases. Two of the most common alternatives to AGP are prebiotics and probiotics. Bothprebiotics and probiotics have become the potential feed additives that improve the gut health, immunesystem and microbiota by various mechanisms of action, and enhance growth performance of chickens. The review discusses the modes of action like antibacterial, competitive exclusion (CE), and immunomodulatory properties of prebiotics, particularly in poultry.

[Zeinab M. S. Amin Girh, Nagwa S. Rabie and Mona S. Zak. Effects of prebiotics on growth performance. Researcher 2019;11(9):20-25]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110919.03.

Keywords: Effect; prebiotics; growth; performance

Full Text

3

4

Prevention and Control of Viral Zoonoses, Ethiopian Perspective: A review

Birhanu Eticha¹, Birhan Agmass²

¹Benishangul Gumuz region bureau of agriculture and natural resource, e-mail: brihanueticha12@gmail.com; P.O. Box 30, Assosa, Ethiopia (DVM, MSc in veterinary epidemiology and economics)

² Bahir Dar University, College of agriculture and envirionmental sciences, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia (DVM, MSc, Assistant professor of veterinary public health)

Abstract: Zoonotic diseases are contagious diseases that can spread between animals and humans which are caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites and fungi that are harbored by animals and insect vectors. Most of the new diseases affecting human over the past decades were associated with pathogens originating from animals or products of animal origin. A new virus has been emerging almost every year since the last two decades. Although viruses and prions represent just fewer than 5% of the total list of human pathogens, there have been a disproportionate number of infections (37%) caused by RNA viruses resulting in emerging and/or remerging diseases. Some of viral zoonotic diseases have been expanding which include Ebola, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Avian Influenza, and Hantavirus. Future occurrences of newly emerging diseases are most likely to erupt at intensifying interfaces. Developing countries including Ethiopia have a higher incidence and prevalence of zoonotic diseases and this is attributed to lack of adequate control mechanism, inadequate infrastructure and absence of adequate information exchange on their importance and distribution. Moreover, the prevention and control of these diseases impose a unique and often heavy burden on public health services, particularly in under developed nations. In Ethiopia, a list of 43 zoonotic diseases were prioritized by using different prioritization tool, some of which are viral zoonoses namely Rabies, Avian Influenza, Rift Valley Fever, West Nile Fever, Hendra Virus Disease, Hanta Virus Pulmonary Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, Eastern Equine Encephalitis, Dengue Fever, MERS-CoV, Lassa Fever, Ebola Virus Disease. There are risk factors for the emergence, re-emergence, and spread of these microbial threats that can create an environment in which they are maintained in the society. The increasing interaction of domestic animals, wildlife and humans is critical and progressively important factor within the dynamic of emerging diseases particularly of viral zoonoses and the transmission of zoonotic pathogens. Preventing and controlling the occurrence and spread of these diseases is crucial as it is virtually impossible to predict when and where the next outbreak will occur. In conclusion, it is now time for medical and veterinary communities to work jointly in clinical, epidemiological, public health and research settings so as to strengthen the collaboration between them implementing one health and early warning and emergency preparedness plan should be set at national level both in public and animal health aspects.

[Birhanu Eticha, Birhan Agmas. Prevention and Control of Viral Zoonoses, Ethiopian Perspective: A review. Researcher 2019;11(9):26-36]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 4. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110919.04.

Keywords: Control, Prevention, Virus and Zoonoses

Full Text

4

5

Concept Of Plea Bargaining In India

Neeraj* & Bhawna**

Assistant Professor, Geeta Institute of Law, Panipat, Haryana (India)

Email: *advocateneerajjain@gmail.com, **bhawnabhardwaj1321@gmail.com

Abstract: Crimes like Causing death by rash or negligent act; rash driving; Defamation; Destruction of evidence; Giving False Evidence; Misappropriation; Criminal Intimidation; Assault; Causing Hurt; Criminal Trespass; Personation; Cheating etc can be under the purview of the plea Bargaining. Introduction of plea bargaining in India Judicial system has been criticized by a group of society with an argument that it will demoralized the Public confidence in criminal justice system whereas other group of society welcomed this concept as a revolutionary judicial reform in India with a hope that the over burdened criminal courts of India will get a relief and the criminal judicial system will also speedup its disposal of pending cases.

[Neeraj & Bhawna. Concept Of Plea Bargaining In India. Researcher 2019;11(9):37-40]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 5. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110919.05.

Keywords: Plea Bargaining, Constitution, India, Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

Full Text

5

6

Role of diffusion weighted MRI in early detection and staging of rectal cancer

Fathy Hussein Ali¹; Ahmed Abdelsamie Mahmoud²; Fadila Mamdouh ELsayed³; Lamiaa Raafat Elsayed⁴

¹Professor of Radiodiagnosis Department, Faculty of Medicine (For Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

²Assistant professor of Radiodiagnosis Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Egypt

³Assistant professor of Radiodiagnosis Department, Faculty of Medicine (For Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

⁴Assistant Lecturer of Radiodiagnosis Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Egypt

Email: dr.lamia_lamia@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Magnetic resonance imaging has become the most accurate non invasive technique in preoperative local staging of rectal carcinoma (T and N stages), and in evaluating mesorectal fascia involvement. Aim of the work: Was to assess the added role of diffusion-weighted imaging to conventional MRI in preoperative staging of rectal cancer. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients with pathologically proven rectal carcinoma underwent pelvic MRI on a 1.5 T magnet using pelvic phased array coil with IV gadolinium and transrectal gel administration. 30 patients were operated upon and their postoperative specimens’ pathology was compared with preoperative MRI results. Results: We found that combination between DWI with conventional MRI increased the accuracy in assessment of different stages of rectal cancer. Comparable to histopathological examination, MRI correctly diagnosed 27 patients out of 30 regarding different T stages (accuracy 94.3%), 21 patients out of 30 in different N stages (accuracy 87.8%) and 28 patients out of 30 in CRM status assessment (accuracy 93%). Conclusion: Addition of DWI to conventional MRI raises its accuracy in TN staging as well as CRM status assessment.

[Fathy Hussein Ali; Ahmed Abdelsamie Mahmoud; Fadila Mamdouh ELsayed; Lamiaa Raafat Elsayed. Role of diffusion weighted MRI in early detection and staging of rectal cancer. Researcher 2019;11(9):41-47]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 6. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110919.06.

Keywords: MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging, apparent diffusion coefftcient, pathology, staging, rectal cancer, prognosis

Full Text

6

7

Role of Diffusion MRI in Diagnosis of Inflammatory Breast Lesions

Prof. Dr. Sahar M. El Fiky, Assis. Prof. Dr. Nivine A. Chalabi, Dr. Wafaa Rt Abd El Hamed and Yasmine A. M. El Feky

Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt

yasmineatiya@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Mastitis is inflammation of the breast that may or may not be accompanied by infection. The term mastitis is often used synonymous with breast infection, but strictly speaking mastitis is inflammation of the breast irrespective of the cause. Having mastitis does not raise the woman’s risk of developing breast cancer. Aim of the Work: To elucidate the role of Diffusion MRI in evaluating patients with inflammatory breast lesions. Patients and Methods: This is a prospective study that included 42 clinically or pathologically diagnosed patients as having inflammatory breast lesions, who were referred to MRI unit from Ain shams hospital and outpatient breast clinics. This study was carried out during the period between August 2017and April 2019. Results: The results from the present study and previous studies provide consistent evidence that DWI is a good diagnostic non invasive tool for breast lesions characterization and when added to the standard breast MRI protocols, it aids the diagnosis of different inflammatory breast lesions. Conclusion: The present study supports the usefulness and the role of DWI, with the calculation of the ADC values, in differentiation between infectious, non infectious benign inflammatory and malignant inflammatory breast lesions.

[Sahar M. El Fiky, Nivine A. Chalabi, Wafaa R. Abd El Hamed and Yasmine A. M. El Feky. Role of Diffusion MRI in Diagnosis of Inflammatory Breast Lesions. Researcher 2019;11(9):48-60]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110919.07.

Keywords: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Breast Lesions.

Full Text

7

8

Establishment of the Unified Field Theory

Author: Sun Chunwu, Researcher

Translator: Yang Lin

Company Name, Jiangsu Yangzhou Sanli Electric Group Co., Ltd.

Mailing address: Room 805, Building 20, Shuxiu Garden, Xihu Town, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 225008, China

E-mail: yzscw0514@163.com; qq number: 458669609, mobile phone; WeChat: 18652544068

Abstract: There are many problems on natural science disturbing scientists. Einstein focused on finding fields of unified gravity, electromagnetic force, strong force and weak force, so he could not take the lead to create the Unified Field Theory to analyze which one is of bigger mass, and what had integrated all these forces to evolve new substances. As a result, the author tries to create the Unified Field Theory, its graphics and formulas in the purpose of correctly getting to know the causes in Nature and the ability of after-movement energy-change so as to benefit the mankind.

[Sun Chunwu. Establishment of the Unified Field Theory. Researcher 2019;11(9):61-77]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 8. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110919.08.

Key words: Unified Field Theory; Oval charts and formulas; Application of the Unified Field Theory

Full Text

8

9

I understand and use of taiji map contribution sun chunwu

Sun Chunwu

Xiuxiu Garden, Xihu Town, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China 5008 Mainly engaged in the research of natural sciences, etc.

Yangzhou Huading Electric, Jiangsu Province

Email: yzscw0514@163.com

Abstract: Knowing the material basis of the original celestial body, it is the force of the force to push forward the frictional motion. Its principle mechanism is to transform the sputum and copy more energy or force. The celestial body is from simple to complex. From the low-level to the advanced step-by-step evolution, the universe of all things or celestial bodies who are of great quality or proper method, who is a unified field in this living field. There is no immutability. They make a one-dimensional repetitive and orderly movement in time, and space is the orderly movement of disorderly movement, irregular velocity, irregularity, and asymmetrical elliptical motion. Explain that the universe's celestial bodies should start with the perfection of physical theory to solve the problem. Solved the physics theory, all the breakthrough problems have been solved. It is known that if a star moves upwards as one of the stars in the center of the galaxy, it will be consumed by the friction force on the field, and the inner core of the planet will be copied. The rotation force is reduced, and the rotation speed is slowed down. Therefore, a planet moving upwards forms a density wave when it is elliptical. The light transformed by the friction on the planet is also darkened, and it is shot at the center of the galaxy. And another ice age in winter.

[Sun Chunwu. I understand and use of taiji map contribution sun chunwu. Researcher 2019;11(9):78-97]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 9. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110919.09.

Key words: celestial body; matter; energy; force; eccentric vortex engine; planet; galaxies; center; orientation; heart vortex; elliptical motion

Full Text

9