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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), its Symptoms, Causes and Epidemiology

Kuldeep

Assistant Professor, Yash College of Education, Rurkee, Rohtak (Haryana)

Email-kuldeephaldana@gmail.com

Abstract:  “Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)” denotes to a collection of people that have an exceptional combination of “social communication and repetitive behaviour problems”, in addition to highly narrow interests/sensory behaviours that begin in infancy. The prevalence of the disorder is estimated to be less than one percent globally, with estimates being greater in high-resource nations. Although ASD is not characterised by massive brain damage, small anatomical and functional changes have been documented in post-mortem, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological investigations of individuals with the disorder (APA, 2000). Initial expectations were that adequate assessment of behavioural traits would lead to the identification of unique “genetic subtypes”; instead, genetic discoveries have typically been applied to varied groups that are not specific to ASD. Psycho-social therapies in children may help them improve particular behaviours such as joint attention, language, and social interaction, which can help them grow more effectively in the future and lower the intensity of their symptoms. But more study is needed to discover long-term requirements, therapies, and the processes that underpin them, in order to achieve improvements in independence and quality of life over time. Families are often the most important source of support for individuals with ASD throughout the majority of their lives, and their opinions, as well as those of autistic people, must be taken into account in both study and practise.

[Kuldeep. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), its Symptoms, Causes and Epidemiology. Rep Opinion 2022;14(8):1-5]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 01. doi:10.7537/marsroj140822.01.

Keywords: Autism; spectrum; disorder; epidemiology

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Status of Family Columbidae: Leach, 1820 (Pigeons and Doves) in District Mirpur khas, Sindh, Pakistan

Iqra Raees Shaikh¹, Kalsoom Shaikh^*1, Ahmad Zamir³, Arz Muhammad Umrani³, Umair Safdar³ ,  Dhani Bux Mashori^{1, 2}, Ghulam Murtaza Moroojo¹, Ghulam Serwar Gachal¹, Khalid Saifullah Rajput¹, Sanam Samo¹, Hira Nazish Solangi¹, Farheen Shaikh¹

1)       Department of Zoology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan

2)       Department of Zoology, Government College University, Hyderabad 71500, Pakistan

3)       Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar

*Corresponding Author Email: arz.forest87@yahoo.com

Abstract. Pigeons and doves have adaptive nature to variety of habitats and they are commonly seen everywhere in wild as well as close to human settlements. Their population is generally observed in district Mirpur khas but there were no scientific studies about their definite identification, ecological conditions and conservation status, hence a study was proposed to determine the status of diverse species of Family Columbidae (Order: Columbiformes) considering in mind their important for food, pollination, and ecosystem. Field surveys were carried out from January to December, 2021 in different types of habitat from early morning to late evening for the observation of species in question. The species were identified using identification keys and taxonomic literature. The pigeons including: Columba livia, Columba livia domestica and Treron pheonicopterus whereas doves viz:  Streptopelia decaocto, Streptopelia risoria  and Streptopelia senegalensis were recorded to exist in the study area. Present study recorded maximum distribution of C. livia, in urban and suburban areas, whereas abundant populations of S. decaocto were recorded from rural areas especially in agricultural fields. Immense number of roosting and nesting sites of pigeons were observed near human settlements, whereas doves were usually observed roosting on trees near to water and food availability. Population of C. livia was found denser than other species of family Columbidae. It was also recorded that the population of pigeon and doves are vulnerable due to massive hunting in the study area where trade of these birds is very common at high frequency.

[Iqra Raees Shaikh, Kalsoom Shaikh, Ahmad Zamir, Arz Muhammad Umrani, Umair Safdar,  Dhani Bux Mashori , Ghulam Murtaza Moroojo, Ghulam Serwar Gachal¹, Khalid Saifullah Rajput¹, Sanam Samo, Hira Nazish Solangi, Farheen Shaikh. Status of Family Columbidae: Leach, 1820 (Pigeons and Doves) in District Mirpur khas, Sindh, Pakistan. Rep Opinion 2022;14(8):6-11]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 02. doi:10.7537/marsroj140822.02.

Keywords: Diverse species, Family Columbidae, Distribution, Habitats, Protection, Sindh

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石云龙论《山海经》的作者是老子说

----请全世界历史学家评论石云龙破解老子

隐意著《山海经》揭开古蜀文明史石云龙

Recommended: 王德奎 (Wang Dekui), 绵阳日报社, 绵阳, 四川 621000, 中国, y-tx@163.com

【摘要】 本文主要论述老子隐意著《山海经》的哲学思维。一、老子隐意著《山海经•中次七经》两条经文自言是他著的《山海经》，并言他为什么要著《山海经》记载黄帝诞生在四川岷山，嫘祖故里在四川盐亭县嫘祖镇嫘祖山。二、四川盐亭县赵蕤故里葱柏岭，今高渠镇白虎村，清朝末年出土黄帝时期一块碣碑，类似西安半坡村刻划符号，记载黄帝妻雷祖的名讳。三、西汉初年司马相如著《世本》记载古蜀文明史。

[隐意. 石云龙论《山海经》的作者是老子说----请全世界历史学家评论石云龙破解老子. Rep Opinion 2022;14(8):12-20]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report.

03. doi:10.7537/marsroj140822.03.

关键词: 老子; 《山海经》; 哲学; 思维; 黄帝; 西安半坡村; 西汉初年; 司马相如； 《世本》； 文明史

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最新三体大暴发周期解超光速虚实之争

----科学家意外走进“三体问题”及之外

黄杨梅

Recommended: 王德奎 (Wang Dekui), 绵阳日报社, 绵阳, 四川 621000, 中国, y-tx@163.com

摘要：为获得“三体问题”海量周期解铺平道路，是否还需要跟中国科学反潮流的一批科学家有联系？是因“三体问题”的测量，涉及“光速”分光速极限和超光速分“实数”和“虚数”之争，以及测量的数据后的计算，也涉及类似光线所走路径引发的“实数”和“虚数”之争。超光速虚实之争引领东西方新时代，在自然科学方面人们发现，基础科学的逻辑与实验研究的认知之一存在数学和物理方面的“0”量子力学现象。

[黄杨梅. 最新三体大暴发周期解超光速虚实之争----科学家意外走进“三体问题”及之外. Rep Opinion 2022;14(8):21-36]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 04.

doi:10.7537/marsroj140822.04.

关键词：三体、周期解、超光速、实数、虚数、自旋

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盐亭远古文明发掘需要安特生式考古

----来自北欧小国教授安特生奠定仰韶考古基础

魏德亮勇

Recommended: 王德奎 (Wang Dekui), 绵阳日报社, 绵阳, 四川 621000, 中国, y-tx@163.com

摘要：类似近代“湖广填四川”现象的“四川人不敢认自己祖先是四川人”的历史，远在5000年前远古巴蜀盆塞海干涸、远古巴蜀盆塞海山寨城邦海洋文明转移以来，已经发生过多次----汶川布瓦文明遗址、宝墩文明遗址、金沙文明遗址、三星堆文明遗址……它们的消失和无记载，就是铁的事实。

[魏德亮勇. 盐亭远古文明发掘需要安特生式考古----来自北欧小国教授安特生奠定仰韶考古基础. Rep Opinion 2022;14(8):37-39]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report.

05. doi:10.7537/marsroj140822.05.

关键词：祭祀坑、自残坑、湖广填四川、山寨城邦海洋文明

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太 极 话 天 下

孙纯武

中国江苏省扬州市，主要从事研究自然科学等 单位名称、江苏省扬州三力电器集团有限公司退休工人 邮编225008 电子信箱： yzscw0514@163.com, 微信号 scw20171020

Abstract: This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. No part of this publication may be produced，stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means ， electronic ， mechanical ， photocopying ， recording，scanning or otherwise，except as permitted under 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act，without either the prior permission of the Publisher or the author.

[孙纯武.  太 极 话 天 下. Rep Opinion 2022;14(8):40-225]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 06. doi:10.7537/marsroj140822.06.

Keywords: 太 极; 天下; 动态场; 物理学

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