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Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Nematode Parasites of Horse in Nole Kaba District, West Wallaga Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Geremew Batu¹, Zelalem Abera²

^1. West Wallaga Agricultural Office; Gimbi, West Wallaga Zone, Oromiya Regional State, Ethiopia

^2. Department of Veterinary Clinical Science and Laboratory Technology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Wallaga University, Nekemte, Ethiopia mgbei07@gmail.com, besha.ab9@gmail.com

Abstract: Horses that have parasitic infections may experience a range of respiratory, digestive, and other disorders in addition to certain performance impairments. A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to June 2022 in Nole Kaba district of West Wallaga Zone of Western Oromia, with the objective of determining the prevalence of gastrointestinal tract nematode parasites of horse and its associated risk factors. A simple random sampling technique was used to select the study samples. A total of 384 horses were randomly sampled in the study area and examined coprologicaly for the presence of gastrointestinal tract nematode parasite eggs using flotation techniques. An overall prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode of examined animal through coprological in the study area was66.7% (256/384). The three genera of parasite commonly encountered during the study period were strongyles (54.69%), Parascarisequorum (14.45%) and Oxyurisequi (6.64%). Mixed infections of (Strongyle + P. equorum, Strongyle + P. equorum + O. equiand Strongyle + O. equi) were detected with prevalence of 13.67%, 5.47%, 5.09% respectively. The highest prevalence of parasites was observed in females, young and poor body condition score. There was significant (P<0.05) difference in prevalence of GIT nematodes between body conditions. Because of their importance and impact of disease on the use of horses a compressive study for strategic parasitic control measures should be implemented.

[Geremew Batu, Zelalem Abera.Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Nematode Parasites of Horse in Nole Kaba District, West Wallaga Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Biomedicine and Nursing 2024;10(3):1-8]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org.   01. doi:10.7537/marsbnj100324.01.

Key words: Floatation, Gastrointestinal tract, NoleKaba, Horse, Nematode, Prevalence

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Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Nursing Protocol on Phantom Pain and Lifestyle Modification Among Patients with Lower Limb Amputation

Assist Prof. Hanan R. Attalla (1) and Dr. Hanaa E. El- Sayad (2)

Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Menoufia University, Egypt (1-2)

Correspondence: Hanan Ramzy Ahmed Atalla; Email: hanan.ataaallah@nursing.menofia.edu.eg; Address: Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Menoufia University, Egypt.

Phone: 0201010183631

Abstract: Background: Phantom Limb Pain affects a significant percentage of patients with amputation. Nurses are in unexclusive position to care these patients during hospitalization and follow up after discharge to have good quality of life ⁽¹⁾. This study aimed to evaluate effectiveness of rehabilitation nursing protocol on phantom pain and lifestyle modification among patients with lower limb amputation. Methods; Research Design: Quasi Experimental design was utilized for this study. Setting: study was carried out at vascular outpatient clinic and in an inpatient rehabilitation unit At Menoufia University Hospital, Egypt. Subjects: A purposive sample of 100 patients suffering from phantom pain due to lower limb amputation Tools for data collection: four tools were applied; Socio demographic characteristics tool, Defense and veterans pain rating scale, RAND 36 item health surveys related to quality of life scale, and Barthel Index Scale. Results;76% of study group and 64% of control group were male with mean grades of pain 2.76±2.65 and 6.40±2.11 of study and control groups respectively at post-intervention. There were statistically significant improvements related to mean emotional wellness, social functioning and general health at post-intervention as p- value <0.001. The means total scores of Barthel Index scale were 77.0±17.26 and 33.80±17.88 for study and control groups respectively. Conclusion: nursing rehabilitation protocol after lower limb amputation was effective in reducing phantom pain, improving performance of activities of daily living and enhancing better lifestyle. Recommendation: Offering a planned continuous standard rehabilitation programs regularly to improve phantom pain and lifestyle for patients with lower limb amputation at outpatient vascular clinic.

[Assist Prof. Hanan R. Attalla (1) and Dr. Hanaa E. El- Sayad (2). Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Nursing Protocol on Phantom Pain and Lifestyle Modification Among Patients with Lower Limb Amputation。 Biomedicine and Nursing 2024;10(3):9-25]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org.   02. doi:10.7537/marsbnj100324.02

Key words; Phantom Pain; Amputation; Rehabilitation

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ENVIROMENTAL HEALTH SITUATION: A CASE STUDY OF CHILDHOOD DISEASES IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA

¹BAKARE, H.  O., ¹*AKOMOLAFE, A. A. ²OLADIMEJI, O. A. and ³Bagbe A.

¹Department of Statistics, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria [* akomolafeayotade@gmail.com],

²Department of Statistics, Federal Polytechnic, Ile-Oluji, Ondo State, Nigeria [adedipupo.oladimeji@gmail.com]

³Department of  Mathematical Sciences, Olusegun Agagu University of Science and Technology, Okitipupa.

[aa.Bagbe@oaustech.edu.ng]

ABSTRACT: Childhood diseases in the Southwest region of Nigeria remain a pressing public health concern. An in-depth analysis of disease prevalence, trends, and forecasting is essential for informed interventions. This study draws upon a dataset encompassing a 32-year period, from 1990 to 2022, detailing the prevalence of various childhood diseases. Data collection and curation processes ensured comprehensive coverage of the region's health landscape. Employing a combination of descriptive statistics and time series modeling, we examined disease prevalence, temporal patterns, and stationarity transformations. ARIMA models, augmented Dickey-Fuller tests, and stationarity differencing techniques were instrumental in the analysis. The analysis revealed persistent prevalence of Diarrhoea, fluctuating patterns in Malaria and Kidney disease, stability in Whooping cough and Measles, and fluctuations in Skin disease. These temporal patterns were corroborated by ARIMA models, uncovering intricate relationships and predicting future trends. Notably, targeted interventions, adaptable strategies, vigilance in vaccination programs, and environmental health initiatives emerged as essential strategies for the Southwest region. The study offers a comprehensive understanding of childhood disease dynamics, with implications for public health planning and interventions.

[BAKARE, H.  O., AKOMOLAFE, A. A. OLADIMEJI, O. A. and Bagbe A. ENVIROMENTAL HEALTH SITUATION: A CASE STUDY OF CHILDHOOD DISEASES IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA. Biomedicine and Nursing 2024;10(3):26-37]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org.   03. doi:10.7537/marsbnj100324.03

KEYWORDS: Childhood Disease, Time Series Modeling, ARIMA Models, Whooping Cough, Malaria and Kidney Disease

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Isolation and Identification of Pasteurella Species from Pneumonic and Apparently Healthy Cattle with Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in Dire Dawa Area, Eastern Ethiopia

Sherif Abrahim, Lishan Assefa, Tadesse Birhanu*, Mezene Woyessa and Dereje Abera

School of Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Wollega University, P.O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia

*Corresponding author: drbirhan@yahoo.com

Abstract: A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2014 up to April 2015 at Dire Dawa Veterinary Clinic and municipal abattoir, eastern Ethiopia. The aim of the study was to isolate of Pasteurella species and assess the associated risk factors from pneumonic and apparently healthy cattle, and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the isolates. Out of 144 samples (53 nasal swabs from clinic and 91 lung tissues abattoir) examined animals, 48.1% was culture positive. The bacteriological examination revealed 33 (22.9%) overall isolates with 15 (28.3%) were nasal swab positive and 18 (19.8%) from lungs tissues. M. haemolytica (19.8%) and P. multocida (15.2%) were recovered respectively in which 15 (28.3%) and 18 (19.8%) bacterial isolates were obtained from nasal swabs and pneumonic lungs, respectively. The higher isolation rate of M. haemolytica indicated as the major causes in the study area. Among the assessed associated risk factors, age was the potential risk factor in which young animal was highly affected and statistical significant difference was observed (P<0.05). The antibiotic sensitivity tests of the isolates indicated that chloramphenicol and tetracycline were the most effective antibiotics. Thus, an integrated application of overall management and vaccination should be implemented as prevention and control measures.

[Sherif Abrahim, Lishan Assefa, Tadesse Birhanu, Mezene Woyessa and Dereje Abera. Isolation and Identification of Pasteurella Species from Pneumonic and Apparently Healthy Cattle with Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in Dire Dawa Area, Eastern Ethiopia. Biomedicine and Nursing 2024;10(3):38-44]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org.   04. doi:10.7537/marsbnj100324.04

Keywords: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Test, Cattle, Culture, Dire Dawa, Isolates, Pasteurella Introduction

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An Allometric growth estimation of Mentha longifolia collected from Gilgit and Ghizer districts of Gilgit- Baltistan, Pakistan

Sajida Wali, Tika khan*

Department of Biological Sciences, Karakoram International University, Gilgit Baltistan.

*Corresponding author: tika.khan@kiu.edu.pk

Abstract: Mentha longifolia (Mint) is known with different names in Gilgit-Baltistan such as, Falaling, Ben and Podina. It has a history of wide usage for varied medicinal purposes including chest problems, diarrhea and lowering blood pressure. Besides being used in different food dishes, traditionally it is also used in cosmetics, skin care cream and perfume. It carries antiviral, anti-bacterial and anticancer properties. It is popular across many countries of the world like Europe, America, England, and South East Asia, Pakistan and most particularly in Gilgit-Baltistan.   Research revealed that mean allometric (body part to entire plat length) percentage (%) growth to leaf length is 596.545%, (698.15% (Yasin), 494.94% (Gilgit), leaf width is 1222.512% (Yasin 1457,621%, Gilgit 3987.405%), leaf area is 421.93% (Yasin 537.5%, Gilgit 306.369%) and root growth is 641.305% (Yasin 569.87%, Gilgit 712.72%). Average per day growth of leaf length 0.4065 (Yasin 0.012 cm, Gilgit 0.0105 cm), leaf width is 0.0056 (Yasin 0.006 cm, Gilgit 0.0052 cm), leaf area 0.0165 (Yasin 0.016 cm, Gilgit 0.0170 cm), stem 0.0711 (Yasin 0.090 cm, Gilgit 0.0522 cm) and Root length 0.016 (Yasin 0.015 cm, Gilgit 0.017 cm).

[Sajida Wali, Tika Khan. An Allometric growth estimation of Mentha longifolia collected from Gilgit and Ghizer districts of Gilgit- Baltistan, Pakistan. Biomedicine and Nursing 2024;10(3):45-48]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org.   05. doi:10.7537/marsbnj100324.05

Key words: Mint, Podina, insecticide, anticancer, antibacterial, Ethnobotany, Karakoram, Hindukosh, Himalaya

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On the variability of benthic foraminiferal species of the agglutinated genus Spiroplectinella in the Tethys

Haidar Salim ANAN

Emeritus Prof. of stratigraphy and paleontology, Former Vice President of Al-Azhar University-Gaza,

P. O. Box 1126, Palestine.

Email: profanan@gmail.com

Abstract: Thirty three small diagnostic benthic foraminiferal species of the Textulariid genus Spiroplectinella are common in the late Cretaceous, Paleogene and Neogene rocks from many Tethyan localities: North Atlantic (USA, Mexico, Caribbean), South Atlantic (Brazil, Argentina, Chile Venezuela, Ecuador), Europe (North Sea, Norway, France, Poland, Italy, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia, Romania, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Turkmenistan), North Africa (Tunisia, Egypt), Southwest Asia (Turkey, Iraq, Jordan, UAE, Iran), and Indian Ocean (Pakistan, Australia, Antarctic Basin). These diagnostic species are: Spiroplectinella adamsi, baudouiniana, carinata, chicoana, costata, cretosa, dalmatina, dentata, deperdita, desertorum, elongata, esnaensis, excolata, hamdani, henryi, israelski, jarvisi, knebeli, laevis, longa, nuttalli, paleocenica, paracarinata, pectinatiforma, plummerae, praelonga, richardi, rossae, semicomplanata, sigmoidina, subhaeringensis, wilcoxensis and wrightii. The paleontology, stratigraphy, paleoenvironment and paleogeographic distribution of them in the Tethys throughout Late Cretaceous and Paleogene are presented and discussed.

[Haidar Salim ANAN. On the variability of benthic foraminiferal species of the agglutinated genus Spiroplectinella in the Tethys. Biomedicine and Nursing 2024;10(3):49-67]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org.   06. doi:10.7537/marsbnj100324.06

Keywords: Foraminifera, Cretaceous, Paleogene, Neogene, paleontology, stratigraphy, paleogeography

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Calibration of Whole-Body Counter in Diagnostic and Screening Modes

T. M. Taha, T. M. Morsi

Radiation Protection Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority. Cairo. P.O. 13759, Egypt

Corresponding Author: tahaalfawwal@hotmail.com

Abstract: The current study aims to calibrate High Purity Germanium (HPGe) Whole-Body Counter. Material and Method: The standard mixed gamma source is located at four locations of the transfer phantom and the mean photo peak efficiency is calculated. Results: The efficiency for four compartments of fixed screening whole body configuration was higher than the corresponding value at diagnostic of the whole-body geometry by a factor of three. This makes the HPGe detector configuration suitable for monitoring low activity of internal contamination of radionuclides.    

[T. M. Taha, T. M. Morsi. Calibration of Whole-Body Counter in Diagnostic and Screening Modes. Biomedicine and Nursing 2024;10(3):68-73]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org.   07. doi:10.7537/marsbnj100324.07

KEYWORDS: Transfer phantom, MDA, HPGe, Efficiency

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Review of Literature on the role of PGs in physiological functioning of granulosa cells

*Vivek Kumar Singh and ** Dr. Mukesh Kumar

**Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

* Associate Professor, Department of Zoology, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: Chaudharyv998@gmail.com

Abstract: Prostaglandins are a group of 20-carbon fatty acids produced from arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenase pathway in response to extrinsic stimuli (Smith 1989, 1992; Smith et al.,1991; Smith et al., 2011). Prostanoid biosynthesis (including classical prostaglandins PGD,PGE and PGF, as well as prostacyclins and thromboxanes) proceeds in three stages: (1) extrinsic stimuli-activated mobilization of esterified arachidonate from precursor lipids in the cell membrane through the action of lipases, (2) conversion of arachidonate to the prostaglandin endoperoxide (PGH2) mediated by PGH synthases, and (3) cell-specific isomerization or reduction of PGH2 by specific synthases (isomerases) or reductases to the major biologically active prostanoids PGD2, PGE2, PGF2α, prostacyclin (PGI2), or thromboxane A2 (TXA2; Figure1, modified from Smith, 1992; Smith et al., 2011). Prostaglandins are local hormones (i.e. autocoids; Smith 1989, 1992; Smith et al., 1991). Infused PGE and PGF derivatives fail to survive a single pass through the circulatory system. Their synthesis is not restricted to a central endocrine organ, but rather occurs in most organs, although not necessarily in all cell types. The plasma concentrations of these compounds, except in rare situations, are less than 10-9M, a concentration normally unable to elicit responses.

[Vivek Kumar Singh, Mukesh Kumar. Review of Literature on the role of PGs in physiological functioning of granulosa cells. Biomedicine and Nursing 2024;10(3):74-77]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org.   08. doi:10.7537/marsbnj100324.08

Keywords: Review of Literature, PGs, physiological functioning, granulosa cells

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