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Surgical Management of Craniocervical Junction Lesions, 35 Case Series

Ahmed Samir Elshikhali, MD., Esam Abd El Hay Mokbel, Ashraf Mohamed Farid and Magdy Abdel Aziz Elmahallawy

Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt

ahmed.elsheikh@med.tanta.edu.eg

Abstract: Purpose: Study surgical techniques used in management of CCJ lesions either: Anterior, Posterior and Posterolateral approach with attention to their relative effect on the outcome. Patients and Methods: Prospective case series, 35 patients with different pathologies, neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions treated by either posterior, anterior, combined approach or far lateral approach. Complete clinical and radiological study including Plain radiographs and CT and MRI cervical spine were done in all cases. Results: 35 cases with different pathologies, the mean age: Mean ± SD = 51.23 ± 20.24 and male: female ratio is (28.6%: 71.4%). 5 neoplastic Cases with different types and 30 Cases of Non-Neoplastic origin. Post approach was the main approach used in 33 Cases, anterior approach in 3 cases and far lateral approach was used in One case. We had mild hypoglossal nerve dysfunction in one case, Failure of fusion and redo surgery in 2 cases and wound infection in one case. Conclusion:- Posterior approach is safe and covers a wide range of management for most of the CSJ lesions, for either decompression or tumors posteriorly or poster-laterally located or fusion for instability cases with minimal side effects.- Anterior and far lateral approach is less popular with limited indications.

[Ahmed Samir Elshikhali, Esam Abd El Hay Mokbel, Ashraf Mohamed Farid and Magdy Abdel Aziz Elmahallawy. Surgical Management of Craniocervical Junction Lesions, 35 Case Series. N Y Sci J 2020;13(2):1-17]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnys130220.01.

Keywords: Surgical; Management; Craniocervical; Junction; Lesions; Case; Series

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The Prognostic Significance of TRAP1 and KAI1/CD82 Immunohistochemical Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma

Reham H. Elkady, M.Sc.; Noha M. El-Anwar, M.D.; Hanan A. Al Shenawy, M.D. and Faika A. El-Tatawy, M.D.

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt.

Abstract: Background: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third among the most commonly diagnosed cancers worldwide. In Egypt, CRC is the 7th most common cancer. Several proteins are associated with the development and progression of colorectal carcinoma including TRAP1 and KAI1/CD82 proteins. However, it is still controversial whether TRAP1 and KAI1/CD82 expression can be regarded as prognostic factors for colorectal carcinoma patients. Aim of the Work: The aim of this work is to study the immunohistochemical expression of TRAP1 and KAI1/CD82 in CRC and evaluate the relationship between their expression in CRC with the available prognostic parameters such as grading, staging, vascular and perineural invasion in the studied cases in order to evaluate their significance in prognosis. Materials and Methods: The immunohistochemical expression of TRAP1 and KAI1/CD82 markers was evaluated in 73 cases of colorectal carcinoma. Results: TRAP1 expression in colorectal carcinoma showed statistically significant positive relation with tumor histopathological grade, depth of tumor invasion, lymph node status, tumor stage, vascular and perineural invasion. KAI1/CD82 expression in colorectal carcinoma showed statistically significant inverse relation with the histopathological grade, depth of tumor invasion, lymph node status, distant metastasis, tumor stage, vascular and perineural invasion. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the immunohistochemical expression of TRAP1 and KAI1/CD82 in colorectal carcinoma. Conclusions and Recommendations: Combined high expression of TRAP1 with loss of KAI1/CD82 expression suggests poor prognosis and high risk of metastasis in CRC patients. Further studies are needed to confirm the significance of combined use of TRAP1 and KAI1/CD82 expressions in the modulation of treatment regimens in CRC.

[Reham H. Elkady; Noha M. El-Anwar; Hanan A. Al Shenawy and Faika A. El-Tatawy. The Prognostic Significance of TRAP1 and KAI1/CD82 Immunohistochemical Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma. N Y Sci J 2020;13(2):18-32]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnys130220.02.

Key Words: TRAP1, KAI1/CD82, Colorectal carcinoma, Prognosis

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Prevalence of expiratory central airway collapse in children undergoing flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy

Rehab Zaki Elmeazawy, MSc.¹, Nader Abdelmonem Fasseeh, MD², Amr Ahmed Mubarak, MD.³, Ahmad Mohammed Abdelrazik, MD.¹, Nabil Moustafa Elesawy, MD.¹

¹Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

²Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

³Department of Diagnostic radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

rehab_zaki2013@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objectives: To determine the prevalence of expiratory central airway collapse in children undergoing flexible bronchoscopy. Methods: This study was carried out on 113 patients below the age of 16 years who have symptoms and signs suggestive of expiratory central airway collapse. Thirty eight patients (20 male and 18 female) were diagnosed with expiratory central airway collapse by flexible bronchoscopy. End-inspiratory and dynamic expiratory cross-sectional airway areas at aorta, carina and bronchus intermedius were recorded in order to assess the degree of dynamic airway collapse by cine CT in 23 of the 38 patients included in the study and the percentage of luminal collapse was calculated. Results: Thirty eight patients (20 male and 18 female; median age 13 months with range 3-39 months) were actually diagnosed with expiratory central airway collapse, indicating a prevalence of 33.6% of the disease. The most common presenting symptoms were recurrent chest infection in 14 patients (36.8%), stridor in 13 patients (34.2%), wheeze in 9 patients (23.7%), cough in 9 patients (23.7%), rattling in 6patients (15.8%) and cyanosis in 1 patient (2.6%). Conclusion: Flexible bronchoscopy is the “gold standard” for diagnosing and assessing changes in airway luminal size associated with expiratory central airway collapse.

[Rehab Zaki Elmeazawy, Nader Abdelmonem Fasseeh, Amr Ahmed Mubarak, Ahmad Mohammed Abdelrazik, and Nabil Moustafa Elesawy. Prevalence of expiratory central airway collapse in children undergoing flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy. N Y Sci J 2020;13(2):33-37]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnys130220.03.

Keywords: Expiratory central airway collapse, Bronchoscope, Children

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Modelling the Impact of FDI on Decreasing unemployment; Evidence from Pakistan

Fazal Qadeem*, Kuanqi Du*, Syed Muhammad Suleman*, Rafid Ullah Khan*, Usman Ullah Khan**

* School of Economics and Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China

** Department of Economics, Hazara University Mansehra, KPK, Pakistan

Corresponding author email: fqadeem2025@yahoo.com

Abstract: This work investigates the impact of foreign direct investment and other factors on unemployment reduction in Pakistan for the period of 1990-2017. The study utilized Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model and Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) to test long run and short run relationship among FDI, inflation, Bureaucracy, labour density and unemployment. The results reveal that FDI and Bureaucracy have negative and statistically negative influence on unemployment both in the short and long run. In the long run, Inflation has positive significant effect on unemployment reduction but, in short runs have no-significant impact on unemployment reduction. However, Labour density has constructive significant influence on the reduction of unemployment in both short run as well as long run. Policy recommendations are given based on the results obtained in this study.

[Fazal Qadeem, Kuanqi Du, Syed Muhammad Suleman, Rafid Ullah Khan, Usman Ullah Khan. Modelling the Impact of FDI on Decreasing unemployment; Evidence from Pakistan. N Y Sci J 2020;13(2):38-46]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnys130220.04.

Keywords: FDI, unemployment, Bureaucracy, labor density, inflation

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The Incidence of a Third Head of Biceps Brachii in Egyptian Cadavers

Dr. Kadreya E. Elomrshedy

Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

E-mail: kadreyaelmorshedy@med.tanta.edu.eg

Abstract: Objective: Comparing the incidence of a third head of biceps brachii muscle in Egyptian cadavers to other racial ones. Introduction: A third head of biceps brachii is important both clinically and academically. During routine dissection of cadavers in anatomy department, Tanta and Alexandria universities in Egypt, a third head of biceps brachii was noticed in the upper limb. The third head of biceps brachiimost commonly originated from anteroromedial aspect of the inferior part of shaft of humerus (humeral head).Variations in the biceps brachii muscle heads stands most commonly recognized to cause compression of nearby neurovascular channels which must be respected during armsurgery. Materials and methods: Twenty cadavers were studied for this research. Forty Arms (20 right and 20 left arms) were dissected in the Anatomy Section, Tanta and Alexandria Faculties of Medicine irrespective of age or sex. Results: A third head of biceps brachii was found in two out of forty upper limbs on the left side. Conclusion: awareness of additional head of the biceps brachii in Egyptian population is beneficial in upper limb surgery.

[Kadreya E. Elomrshedy. The Incidence of a Third Head of Biceps Brachii in Egyptian Cadavers. N Y Sci J 2020;13(2):47-51]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnys130220.05.

Key words: Biceps brachii, musculocutaneous nerve, supernumerary head, Egyptian, cadavers

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Changes in macular perfusion after Phacoemulsification surgery

Sabah Abd El Azeem Soud, Doaa El Said El Badrawy, Nesma Sayed Mohammed

Department of Ophthalmology, Alzahraa University Hospital, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

doaaelsaid@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) is a non-invasive, non-dye-based imaging modality that is used worldwide in the daily practice of ophthalmology. OCTA enhances our understanding of retinal diseases and retinal vascular changes. Objective: To evaluate, by means of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) the changes that may occur at the macular vessels after phacoemulsification surgery and if these changes can affect the post-operative visual acuity. Patients and Methods: It was a prospective study carried out at Al Zahraa University Hospital on 30 eyes of 21 Patients with senile cataract were included. Retina vessel density at the macular area was checked by OCT A at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after cataract surgery. Results: Thirty eyes (21 patients) were included in the final analysis. There was a significant increase in retinal vessel density at the macular area after the cataract surgery, repeated-measures which extended to the end of the follow-up period. At 3 months postoperatively, Appearance of hyper reflective retinal spots post operatively was also noted. Conclusions: Macular vessel density increased after phacoemulsification surgery. These changes seem not to affect visual acuity. Whether these changes will persist over a longer period of time, that still needs to be studied.

[Sabah Abd El Azeem Soud, Doaa El Said El Badrawy, Nesma Sayed Mohammed. Changes in macular perfusion after Phacoemulsification surgery. N Y Sci J 2020;13(2):52-56]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnys130220.06.

Keywords: Optical coherent tomography angiography, hyper reflective retinal spots, phacoemulsification, vessel density

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Effect of different plant extracts on vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality of Zebdamangotrees (Mangifera indica L.) under the condition of Aswaan Governorate.

Farouk H. Abdelaziz¹; Ahmed Y. M. Ahmed² and Dena K. Huseen¹

¹Fac. Of Agric. Hort. Dept, Minia Univ., Egypt

² Tropical Fruits Res. Dept. Hort. Res. Institute, Egypt

Abstract: Zebda mango trees during 2017 and 2018 seasons were sprayed four times by foliar application of turmeric and Rosella extracts as well as onion and garlic oils at 1.0 % and 2.0% from every materials, This study focused on the impact of these treatments on growth status of Zebdatrees, yield, physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits Sprayed with these extracts at four times results indicated that spraying was effective in enhancing growth traits, yield and Fruit quality rather than non- application " control". The promotion was associated with increasing the concentration of these extracts from 1.0% up to 2.0 %. Using garlic oil was surpassed those of the other treatments at the concentration of 2%, in both seasons2017 and 2018, significantly.

[Farouk H. Abdelaziz; Ahmed Y. M. Ahmed and Dena K. Huseen. Effect of different plant extracts on vegetative growth, yield and fruit quality of Zebdamangotrees (Mangifera indica L.) under the condition of Aswaan Governorate. N Y Sci J 2020;13(2):57-61]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 7. doi:10.7537/marsnys130220.07.

Keywords: Plant extracts. Growth traits of Zebdamango, yield and fruit quality.

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Fast Radio Burst And Gamma Ray Burst: Hidden Causes Of Their Peculiar Propagation Times

Antonio Puccini

Neurophysiologist of Health Ministry, Naples – Italy

 antonio.puccini.4rr1@na.omceo.it or antonio_puccini@libero.it

Abstract: We analyze the peculiar propagation times of Fast Radio Bursts and Gamma Ray Bursts. The main feature of these peculiar and high-energy astrophysical phenomena lies precisely in the different speeds with which the different electro-magnetic (EM) signals, carried by the Bursts, propagate. Surprisingly, in fact, instead of travelling all at the same speed (Maxwell docet), the satellites unequivocally recorded first the arrival of the most energetic EM signals, i.e. of greater frequency, and then the less energetic ones (bigger wavelength). According to astrophysicists, the interstellar medium acts as a brake, slowing down the EM radiations (EMR_s) with bigger wavelength. We believe that the real cause, the deeper reason behind the different EMR_s propagation speeds, lies in the different EM sources: the more energetic the source is the more energetic the acceleration given to the photons produced will be.

[Antonio Puccini. Fast Radio Burst And Gamma Ray Burst: Hidden Causes Of Their Peculiar Propagation Times. N Y Sci J 2020;13(2):62-78]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnys130220.08.

Keywords: Fast Radio Bursts (FRB_s); Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB_s); Electromagnetic (EM); Dispersion Measure (DM).

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Consequence of Thyroid Gland Ablation on Parotid Salivary Glands of Young and Adult Albino Rats

M.B. Helal¹, D.A. Labah², N.H. Sarhan³, N.B. Nagy¹

¹ Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

2 Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Zagazig University, Tanta, Egypt

³ Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt

nsarhan2006@hotmail.com

Abstract: Background: Parotid gland (PG) is a unique major salivary that has distinct microanatomical and microanatomical features. Aim of study: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of rat thyroidectomy on PG ultrastructural features of young adult and adult albino rats. Material and methods: twenty young aged adults two-month-old and twenty adult male aged six-month-old albino rats were allocated equally into two subgroups; control and thyroidectomized groups. Rats of each group were euthanized after five weeks. Bilateral PGs were dissected and were prepared for light, immunohistochemical staining for thyroglobulin antibody and electron microscopic examination. Results: Thyroidectomized young adult rats revealed acinar alteration in the form of accumulation of intracellular inclusions. Also, intralobular ducts revealed indistinct lumen. Immunohistochemically, it disclosed positive thyroglobulin staining in both acinar and ductal cells. Noteworthy, five weeks after thyroidectomyin adult rats revealed normal histological and ultrastructural features of both acinar and ductal cells. Though, some degree of increased thickness of connective tissue septa were reported together with fatty infiltration of parenchymal elements. Conclusion: Thyroidectomy seemed to induce a remarkable cellular change in young adult PG though, minor changes were reported in adult PG.

[M.B. Helal, D.A. Labah, N.H. Sarhan, N.B. Nagy. Consequence of Thyroid Gland Ablation on Parotid Salivary Glands of Young and AdultAlbino Rats. N Y Sci J 2020;13(2):79-84]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnys130220.09.

Key words: PG; thyroid gland; thyroidectomized; young adult; adult rats.

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Analysis Of Artisanal Fishing Operations In Degema Local Government Area Of Rivers State, Nigeria.

Tasie, C.M., Wilcox G.I. and Kalio, A.E.

Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development Unit, Ignatius Ajuru University of Education, Rumuolumeni, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.

Corresponding Author E-mail: tasiechimezie@gmail.com Tel: + 2348038726818

Abstract: This study analysed artisanal fishing in Degema Local Government Area of Rivers State. A random sampling technique was used in selecting respondents for the study. The sample size of the study was made up of 90 artisanal fishing folks. Data were elicited from fishing folks with a structured questionnaire which were administered to the respondents. Percentage, mean, costs and returns and multiple regressions were used for analyses of data. The result showed that the mean age of respondents was 40 years, while the mean house hold size was 6 persons. The result also showed that majority of the respondents had primary education and that most respondents had no access to credit facilities to enable them purchase fishing equipments for their operations. The study also shows that the fishing folks had never received extension service which should have exposed them to better fishing techniques and training. The costs and returns analysis showed that artisanal fishing is profitable in the study area. The regression analysis also revealed that the output of individual fishing households is significantly influenced by variables, namely, capital, labour, operating costs, fishing experience and education. It is therefore recommended that relevant agencies should encourage this fishing folks by providing them with the needed capacities to boost fish production to curb open and hidden hunger, promote food security and alleviate poverty.

[Tasie, C.M., Wilcox G.I. and Kalio, A.E. Analysis Of Artisanal Fishing Operations In Degema Local Government Area Of Rivers State, Nigeria. N Y Sci J 2020;13(2):85-91]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnys130220.10.

Keywords: Analysis, Artisanal Fishing, Food security, Hidden Hunger, Degema LGA

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Rehabilitation program and its effect on the efficiency of the knee joint after cross-linked ligament surgery

Fatemah Assad Khuraibet

Department of Physical Education and Sport, College of Basic Education, Kuwait

Email: prof.fatemah.khuraibet@gmail.com

Abstract: The rapid progress in training and its methods is one of the factors that contributed to the high rates of sports injury and its complications, especially injuries of the muscular and nervous system, due to the use of high intensity and for long periods with the absence of the correct codification of pregnancy in a manner consistent with the functional condition of the player. The injuries of the articular system are of concern to athletes, as the human movement in general and the sports movement in particular depends on the basic movements performed by the joints, so any injury in these joints hinders the athlete from successfully completing his motor tasks. objectives: The current research aims to design a rehabilitation program (kinetic - aqueous) and study its effect on the functional efficiency of the muscles working on the knee joint after the partial surgical repair of the anterior cruciate ligament and its effect on: 1. Reducing pain severity. 2. Improving muscular strength for the group of the flexor and extensor muscles of the affected knee joint. 3. Improving the affected knee joint motor range. hypotheses:1. There are statistically significant differences between the mean pre-measurement and the average post-measurement in reducing pain in the affected knee joint in favor of post-measurement. 2. There are statistically significant differences between the mean pre-measurement and the average post-measurement in the muscle strength of the holding muscle group and the extensor of the affected knee joint in favor of post-measurement.3 There are statistically significant differences between the mean pre-measurement and the mean after measurement in the kinetic range of the affected knee joint in favor of the post-measurement. Conclusions: 1. The rehabilitation program (kinetic - aqueous) has a positive effect on the functional efficiency of the muscles working on the knee joint after the partial surgical repair of the anterior cruciate ligament. 2. There are statistically significant differences between the tribal and the dimensional measurements in favor of the dimensional measurements in all the variables (circumference of the thigh, muscle strength, pain intensity, and kinetic range) of the affected knee.3. Increasing the improvement in the percentages of the rates of changing the dimensional measurements from the tribal measurements in the research variables.

[Fatemah Assad Khuraibet. Rehabilitation program and its effect on the efficiency of the knee joint after cross-linked ligament surgery. N Y Sci J 2020;13(2):92-98]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 11. doi:10.7537/marsnys130220.11.

Keyword: Rehabilitation, Therapeutic rehabilitation exercises, Range of motion, Physical therapeutic motion

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