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Assessment of Tp53 Polymorphism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Heba M. Adel Abou-zaghla¹, Aziza Ahmed Mohammed Elsebaee¹, Iman Saleh Abd-Elwahed Elhadede¹, Adel Ahmed Elazab¹, Ghada Refaat Meckawy² and Rania Mohammed Abbas¹

¹ Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

² Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

+201000775185; Gr_mancy@yahoo.com; Ghada_refaat@med.asu.edu.eg; ORCID number: 000190664748

Abstract: Purpose: The current study aims to clarify the role of tumor protein (TP53) gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) G-C at codon 72 in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with chronic hepatitis C, a step towards an efficient tool for early detection. Methods/ patients: We conducted this study on 20 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on top of HCV infection (group I); 10 patients with chronic liver disease on top of HCV infection whom age and sex were matched, serving as patient control (group II); and 10 healthy control subjects who are age and sex-matched with no history of hepatic complaints (group III). TP53 G-C gene polymorphism of codon 72 was tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by restriction enzyme digestion (PCR-RFLP). Results: There was a highly statistically significant difference in TP53 G-C gene polymorphism between the three investigated groups (p<0.01). Conclusion: Detection of TP53 gene SNP G-C at codon 72 is highly recommended in chronic liver disease patients especially in known cirrhotic cases on top of HCV infection to detect HCC patients in earlier stages.

[Heba M. Adel Abou-zaghla, Aziza Ahmed Mohammed Elsebaee, Iman Saleh Abd-Elwahed Elhadede, Adel Ahmed Elazab, Ghada Refaat Meckawy and Rania Mohammed Abbas. Assessment of Tp53 Polymorphism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Cancer Biology 2021;11(1):1-9]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 1. doi:10.7537/marscbj110121.01.

Keywords: HCC, TP53, HCV, early detection

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Mitigation of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Punicalagin Therapy in Mice

Nouf Khalifa ALaqeel ⁽¹⁾ and Meneerah Abdulrahman Al-Jafary ⁽²⁾

Department Bioligy, College Sciences, Imam Abdlrahman Bin Fasisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.

 nalaqeel@iau.edu.sa, maljafary@iau.edu.sa

Abstract: The ameliorated impact of punicalagin was studied in mice exposed to nephrotoxicity caused by cisplatin (5 mg/kg/, i.p.). Punicalagin treatment (9 mg/kg/day, p.o.) was given for 5 days, administered on the same day as cisplatin. Punicalagin greatly ameliorated the cisplatin-induced elevations of serum creatinine, renal nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α, and caspase-3, and significantly increased kidney glutathione peroxidase in mice that received cisplatin. In addition, punicalagin markedly attenuated the histopathological changes, and significantly decreased nuclear factor-κB expression in the kidneys of mice that received cisplatin. We concluded that punicalagin protected against acute kidney injury caused by cisplatin in mice through its antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects.

[Nouf Khalifa ALaqeel and Meneerah Abdulrahman Al-Jafary. Mitigation of Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Punicalagin Therapy in Mice. Cancer Biology 2021;11(1):10-14]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 2. doi:10.7537/marscbj110121.02.

Keywords: Punicalagin; cisplatin; kidneys; mice

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Cancer

Primarily from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer)

Mark Herbert

World Development Institute

39-06 Main Street, Flushing, Queens, New York 11354, USA, ma708090@gmail.com

Abstract: Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread. Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel movements. While these symptoms may indicate cancer, they can also have other causes. Over 100 types of cancers affect humans.

[Mark Herbert. Cancer. Cancer Biology 2021;11(1):15-41]. ISSN:2150-1041(print); ISSN:2150-105X(online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 3. doi:10.7537/marscbj110121.03.

Keywords: Cancer; disease; abnormal cell growth; benign tumor; symptom; affect; human

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Stem Cell

Primarily from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_(biology))

Mark Herbert, PhD

World Development Institute

39 Main Street, Flushing, Queens, New York 11354, USA, ma708090@gmail.com

Abstract: The cell is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known organisms. Cells are the smallest units of life, and hence are often referred to as the building blocks of life. The study of cells is called cell biology, cellular biology, or cytology. Cells consist of cytoplasm enclosed within a membrane, which contains many biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. Most plant and animal cells are only visible under a light microscope, with dimensions between 1 and 100 micrometres. Electron microscopy gives a much higher resolution showing greatly detailed cell structure. Organisms can be classified as unicellular or multicellular. Most unicellular organisms are classed as microorganisms. The number of cells in plants and animals varies from species to species; it has been estimated that humans contain somewhere around 40 trillion (4×10¹³) cells. The human brain accounts for around 80 billion of these cells. Cells were discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665, who named them for their resemblance to cells inhabited by Christian monks in a monastery. Cell theory, first developed in 1839 by Matthias Jakob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, states that all organisms are composed of one or more cells, that cells are the fundamental unit of structure and function in all living organisms, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells.^[9] Cells emerged on Earth at least 3.5 billion years ago.

[Mark Herbert. Stem Cell. Cancer Biology 2021;11(1):42-53].ISSN:2150-1041(print); ISSN:2150-105X(online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 4. doi:10.7537/marscbj110121.04.

Keywords: cell; biological unit; organism; biology; cytology; cytoplasm; membrane; biomolecule; protein; nucleic acid; plant; animal; unicellular; multicellular; microorganisms

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RNA vaccine

Primarily from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_vaccine)

Mark Herbert, PhD

World Development Institute

39 Main Street, Flushing, Queens, New York 11354, USA, ma708090@gmail.com

Abstract: An RNA vaccine or mRNA (messenger RNA) vaccine is a type of vaccine that uses a copy of a natural chemical called messenger RNA (mRNA) to produce an immune response. The vaccine transfects molecules of synthetic RNA into immunity cells. Once inside the immune cells, the vaccine's RNA functions as mRNA, causing the cells to build the foreign protein that would normally be produced by a pathogen or by a cancer cell. These protein molecules stimulate an adaptive immune response which teaches the body how to identify and destroy the corresponding pathogen or cancer cells. The delivery of mRNA is achieved by a co-formulation of the molecule into lipid nanoparticles which protect the RNA strands and helps their absorption into the cells.

[Mark Herbert. RNA vaccine. Cancer Biology 2021;11(1):54-63]. ISSN:2150-1041(print); ISSN:2150-105X(online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 5. doi:10.7537/marscbj110121.05.

Keywords: RNA vaccine; immune response; synthetic RNA; immunity cells; pathogen; cancer cell

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