No.

Titles / Authors /Abstracts

Full Text

No.

1

Additional radiation boost to whole brain radiation therapy for brain metastases in small cell lung cancer- A Phase II Study

Wael Mansour and Hanan Shawky

Departments Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt

hannshawky@yahoo.com, wael.mansour@med.tanta.edu.eg

Abstract: Background: Radiation boost has been used effectively in combination with WBRT in various schedules as an effective and possible therapy option in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) with brain metastases. The present phase II single institution study was aimed to evaluate the efficiency of additional radiation boost to whole brain radiation therapy for brain metastases (BMs) in SCLC at Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta university Hospital. Patients and Methods: 36 patients, their ages >18 years with brain metastases in SCLC, adequate hepatic, renal and hematologic function, no less than one assessable lesion, and a Karnofsky performance status ≥70% were participated. After confirming the BMs, WBRT plus a radiation boost were done for all patients. The total dose of administered WBRT was 30Gy (given in 10 daily doses, each dose equal 3Gy/day). The booster radiation doses was given throughout 3D-CRT simultaneous integrated boost WBRT. The administered radiation dose was 3.5–5Gy/daily for 10 doses (Total 35–50Gy) varied according to the diameter of BMs. Results: The median period of follow-up was 14 months (range, 1 - 90 months). Median OS time was 13.5 months. The 6-, 12-, and 24-month OS intervals were reached 84.5, 62.7, and 21.5%, respectively. Higher Karnofsky performance status, solitary BMs, ≤2 cm maximum diameter of the largest BMs tumor, absence of progressive extracranial disease, asymptomatic BMs showed a statistically significant better overall survival in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis, only, ≤2 cm maximum diameter of the largest BMs tumor, none progressive extracranial disease, and asymptomatic BMs were independently related to this end point. Conclusion: Additional radiation boost to whole brain radiation for treatment of small cell lung cancer metastases in brain appeared to offer beneficial effects on overall survival.

[Wael Mansour and Hanan Shawky. Additional radiation boost to whole brain radiation therapy for brain metastases in small cell lung cancer- A Phase II Study. Cancer Biology 2019;9(4):1-8]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 1. doi:10.7537/marscbj090419.01.

Keywords: Whole brain radiation therapy, small cell lung cancer, brain metastases, radiation boost

Full Text

1

2

Surgical management of hepatocellular carcinoma (laparoscopic vs. open techniques)

Prof, Dr. Amr Abdelnasser, Dr Mohamed Abol Naga, Mohamed Salah Ali

Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

taweelah_eg@hotmail.com

Abstract: Laparoscopic approach in management of HCC has been progressively developed along the past two decades. Liver surgery was one of the last frontiers reached by minimally invasive surgery. Surgical technique and equipment evolved to overcome technical limitations, making laparoscopic liver resections (LLR) safe and feasible. Surgeons developed skills in a stepwise approach, beginning with low complexity operations for benign diseases and reaching high-complexity surgeries for malignant cases and living donor organ harvesting. In this study, a comparison between laparoscopic approach and open approach was done to compare short-term results. This study was conducted on 100 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. 50 patients (50%) were treated by laparoscopic approach (Group A) while the other 50 patients (50%) were treated by open approach (Group B). All cases were classified to be CHILD grade A with median MELD score in laparoscopic group was 8.96±1.72 ranging from 6 to 14 while in open group the mean MELD sore was 8.2±1.42 ranging from 6 to 11. The difference was statistically not significant (P<0.254). The mean operative time in open group was 158.15±35.9 minutes, while the laparoscopic group mean time was 130.4±38.1 minutes with statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (P<0.001) with decreased operative time in the laparoscopic group. The mean blood loss in open group was 390±193.7 ml while the laparoscopic group mean blood loss was 386 ±371.1ml with no statistically significant difference relations between the 2 groups (P= 0.671), with conversion rate of (10%) happened in 5 cases. The mean hospital stay in open group was 5.9±0.88 days ranging from 3-7 days, while the laparoscopic group was 3.74±.85 days ranging from 2-5 days with highly statistically positive correlation difference between 2 groups (P< 0.001). Also the drain was removed in the laparoscopic group earlier showing highly statistical difference between two groups (P< 0.001). The most frequent complication was postoperative ascites and which was seen in 35 (70%) cases in the open group and in 23 (46%) cases in laparoscopic group with highly significant difference between both groups with much more lower incidence in laparoscopic group (P<0.004). There was a case of histologically proved port site metastasis in laparoscopic group at the right subcostal port where the specimen is extracted with percentage of (2%) (P=1.00). Hepatocellular carcinoma was found in all patients in both groups. There were 42 patients moderate differentiation (84%) in laparoscopic group, with mean resection margin of 8.1±2.2 mm while moderately-differentiated in 41 (82%) patients (82%) in open group with mean resection margin 7.62±2.28 mm with no statistical significance (P=0.132). Recurrence occurred in 2 patients (4%) in Group A and 1 patient (2 %) in Group B while mortality occurred in only one patient (3.05%) in the open group in the laparoscopic group, the 1-year survival was 98 %, while in the open group was (96 %) (P=1.00). In the laparoscopic group, the 1-year survival was 98 %, while in the open group was (96%) (P=1.00).

[Amr Abdelnasser, Mohamed Abol Naga, Mohamed Salah Ali. Surgical management of hepatocellular carcinoma (laparoscopic vs. open techniques) Cancer Biology 2019;9(4):9-20]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 2. doi:10.7537/marscbj090419.02.

Keywords: Surgical; management; hepatocellular; carcinoma; laparoscopic; open techniques

Full Text

2

3

Prospective dosimetric study considering respiratory motion in lung cancer (NCI Experience)

Ehab Elkest, MD; Sherweif Abdel Fatah, MD and Ahmed Saeed, MSc

Radiation Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.

sherweif@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objectives: Respiratory movements not paid any attention during performing of single computed tomography (CT) scan for lung tumor during conformal radiotherapy planning. The current work in spects cancer activities to plan personalized borders to interpretation for these activities and assesses their dosimetric effects on planning capacity and organs at risk. Design: Prospective self-controlled dosimetric study of radiotherapy treatment planning for NSCLC patients presenting to the National Cancer Institute, Cairo University from March 2016 to April 2017. Methods: Thirty patients were enrolled in the study. Each patient was simulated using CT simulator and instructed to breathe normally, at full maximum inspiration and at full maximum expiration to create 2 RT plans; a reference plan and respiratory correlated plan. Target volumes in cubic centimeter along with doses to organs at risk were obtained. Evaluations of volumetric and dosimetric factors were done statistically by using paired Student t-tests. Results: The respiratory correlated plan is better than the old conventional one. There was marked reduction in PTV in all cases; Mean±SD (325.4±296.23 cc vs. 498.2±263.2 cc, p <0.001). Lung dosimetric parameters were reduced significantly; MLD (7.3±2.65 vs. 9±2.8 Gy, p = 0.04), V20 (11.6±4.9 vs. 14±5.5 %, p <0.001), V30 (8.4±3.8 vs. 10±4 %, p <0.001) and V5 (31.63±11.32 vs. 38.6±12%, p = 0.05). For heart, MD (8.27±13.5 vs. 11.24±11 Gy, p = 0.03), whereas V30 was not significantly changed. Concerning esophagus, MD (11.3±6.93 vs. 15.3±8 Gy, p = 0.03) and the V50 (7±11.3 vs. 12±14.2 %, p <0.001). Also there was significant decrease in maximum dose reaching spinal cord (20.8±13 vs. 27.9±14Gy, p <0.001). Conclusion: By applying CT scans at different phases of respiration (inhalation, exhalation and free breathing) is a good chance for estimation of respiratory motion and tumor deformation NSCLC level. Minor and more conformal design capacity was recorded obtained matched with the standard method. This created a less but constant improvement to spare the lung for a comparable treatment. In addition, respiratory correlated treatment plans can significantly reduce excessive radiation doses to the surrounding organs at risk, reducing acute & long-term radiation induced toxicities. We recommend the use of our technique in cases of NSCLC as a simple method - especially in departments where 4D CT is not available - for refining the explanation of internal target volume and tumor leveling.

[Ehab Elkest; Sherweif Abdel fatah and Ahmed Saeed. Prospective dosimetric study considering respiratory motion in lung cancer (NCI Experience). Cancer Biology 2019;9(4):21-27]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 3. doi:10.7537/marscbj090419.03.

Keywords: Lung Cancer, Target volume, Radiation dose, Critical organs

Full Text

3

4

The Efficacy Of Methanol, Dichloromethane And N-Butanol Extracts Of Anonna Muricata Leaves On Selected Bacteria And Fungi

¹akintelu Sunday Adewale And ^2*Folorunso Aderonke Similoluwa

¹Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000 Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

²Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, USA

*Email: folorunsoaderonkesimi@gmail.com

Phone number +2348136872649

Abstract: In Nigeria, Annona muricata is locally being use as source of medicine for curing various infections. This research was aimed at determination of the potency of the leaves against selected bacterial and fungal strains. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of methanol, dichloromethane and n-butanol extracts of Annona muricata leaves against selected bacterial and fungi strains were examined. Methanol, dichloromethane and n-butanol extracts of Annona muricata leaves showed high inhibitory activities between (24-29 mm) against Bacillus subtilis, (25-29mm) against Clostridium sporogenes, (25-29) against Entrococcus faecalis (30-31) against Klebsiella pneumonia, (26-31) against and (26-30) against Staphyloccus aureus. The antifungal activities of methanol, dichloromethane and n-butanol extracts of Annona muricata leaves showed broad inhibition zones against the growth of Aspergillus flavus, Candida albican, Fusarium oxysperium and Penicillium camemeri. These study provide scientific information and justification that support the local use Annona muricata leaves as medicinal therapy and equally revealed Annona muricata leaves as a major ingredient to bank on for the design of novel antibiotics.

[akintelu Sunday Adewale And Folorunso Aderonke Similoluwa,. The Efficacy Of Methanol, Dichloromethane And N-Butanol Extracts Of Anonna Muricata Leaves On Selected Bacteria And Fungi. Cancer Biology 2019;9(4):28-31]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 4. doi:10.7537/marscbj090419.04.

Keywords: Antifungal, antibacterial, efficacy and annonamuricata

Full Text

4

5

Exploration of the Carcinogenic Properties of Some Antituberculosis Herbal Drugs Made in Nigeria from Garcinia Kola Plant’s Parts

Akintelu Sunday Adewale¹, Folorunso Aderonke Similoluwa^2*, Ajayi Samuel Oluwakayode³ and Ademosun Olabisi Theresa³

¹Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

²Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, USA

³Department of Chemical science, Covenant University, Otta, Nigeria.

folorunsoderonkesimi@gmail.com; +2348136872649

Abstract: Tuberculosis is an antique disease that remains a major global health issue. Garcinia kola is a recognized medicinal plant with high medicinal values rendering it a prospective source of local herbs in undeveloped countries and a pharmaceuticals source in developed countries. This study was aimed at the assessment of the safety level of some antituberculosis herbal drugs made from Garcinia kola plant’s part. The antituberculosis herbal drugs made from the Seed, leaves, bark and root of Garcinia kola were purchased and properly air dried. Ultrasonic extraction of the samples were done following standard procedure. The impurity in the herbal drug extracts were remove using column chromatography. The concentrations of PAHs in the purified herbal drugs extracts were determined with Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). PAHs diagnostic ratios, group distribution and cancer risk estimation of PAHs where calculated from the concentration of PAHs. The highest concentration of total PAHs was detected in AHDR sample (22.434 mg/kg) and lowest concentration in AHDS sample (16.965mg/kg). Sample AHDS had highest percentage of carcinogenic PAHs (51.44%) while sample AHDB had lowest percentage (25.90%). Values obtained from the diagnostic indices confirmed that the source of PAHs were from pyrogenic sources. The estimated cancer risk via exposure to PAHs resulting from the use of these herbal drugs ranges from 2.0642 to 0.6034 x 10^-7 and were below the USEPA set range (1 × 10⁻⁴ – 1 × 10⁻⁶)^. Nevertheless, to reduce health problem, excessive intake of these herbal drugs should be prevented as their biodegradation on accumulation are difficult.

[Akintelu Sunday Adewale, Folorunso Aderonke Similoluwa, Ajayi Samuel Oluwakayode and Ademosun Olabisi Theresa. Exploration of the Carcinogenic Properties of Some Antituberculosis Herbal Drugs Made in Nigeria from Garcinia Kola Plant’s Parts. Cancer Biology 2019;9(4):32-40]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 5. doi:10.7537/marscbj090419.05.

Keywords: Anti-tuberculosis, Herbal drug, Cancer and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Full Text

5

6

Comparative study of radiation doses exposure to Organs at Risk between Multiple Field-In-Field and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy techniques in left breast

cancer

Sahar E. Abo-Neima¹, Sabbah I. Hammoury ², Eslam G. Omar ¹, Hussein A. Motaweh ¹

^1. Department of physics, Faculty of Science, Damanhur University, Egypt

^2. Department of Medical physics, Alexandria Ayadi Almostakbl Oncology Center, Alexandria, Egypt.

sahar_amr2002@yahoo.com

Abstract: The Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females worldwide. It is considered as the second diagnosed type of cancer “after non-melanoma skin cancer” in women with about 23% of total new cancer cases. Also it represents about 14% of cancer death among women. Radiation therapy should not only be directed to improve the local control, which has a survival benefit, but also should be directed to minimize the risk of complications, which may develop in critical organs. Several studies have reported that multiple field-in-fields (MFIF) radiotherapy technique improves the dose homogeneity, decreases doses to lungs, heart and contralateral breast compared with conventional wedged technique. Purpose: to compare the dosimeter for the left breast cancer radiotherapy using two different radiotherapy techniques, Segmented field (MFIF) and inverse planning IMRT (IP-IMRT). Material and Methods: Twenty patients have undergone left breast-conservative surgery and received a prescribed dose of 50 Gy/25 fractions. Results: The mean PTV receiving 107% (V107) dose was 0.0275% for MFIF, and 2.7345% for IMRT; the difference is statistically significant through paired comparison between MFIF vs. IMRT. The mean V95% was 98.366% for MFIF, and 98.513% for IMRT; the difference is statistically not significant. Better homogeneity index for FIF and IMRT, where mean of (HI) are 0.100979, 0.110807 in MFIF and IMRT respectively. The conformity index (CI) values in case of MFIF, and IMRT were 2.44, 2.11 respectively, the difference is statistically not significant (p= 0.268027). The conformity index should be equal to (one) when the ideal dose coverage or high conformity. The conformity index greater than one indicate that the irradiated volume exceeds the target to a part of the healthy tissue, but when the conformity index is less than one, it means that the target volume is partially radiated. Regarding to organs at risk, left lung and heart, they have higher Values of V5, V10, and V20 for IMRT compared to MFIF; the differences are statistically significant, for the left lung mean dose (Dmean) was (8.0105±2.1375) for MFIF compared to (10.335±1.3792) for IMRT, the differences are statistically not significant. For contralateral lung and contralateral breast the V2, V3, V4, V5, Dmean and D max values are higher for IMRT than MFIF, the difference is statistically significant (P <0.0001). Conclusion: MFIF technique is an efficient and reliable method for achieving a uniform dose throughout the whole breast resulting in improved coverage, sparing of organs at risk and reduction of acute and late toxicities.

[Sahar E. Abo-Neima, Sabbah I. Hammoury, Eslam G. Omar, Hussein A. Motaweh. Comparative study of radiation doses exposure to Organs at Risk between Multiple Field-In-Field and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy techniques in left breast cancer. Cancer Biology 2019;9(4):41-49]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 6. doi:10.7537/marscbj090419.06.

Keywords: Breast Cancer, Radiation therapy, multiple Field-in-Field, Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy

Full Text

6

7

Trace Metal Concentrations in Tissues of Tilapia zilli Owing to Human Perturbations in Imo River

¹Inyang-Etoh, Aniema, ²George, Ubong Uwem

¹Faculty of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.

²Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Akwa Ibom State University, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

talk2georgeubong@gmail.com

Abstract: Studies on trace metal concentrations in Tilapia zilli owing to human perturbations in Imo River was conducted for 12 months (between May 2016 and April 2017). T. zilli samples were collected from landings of artisanal fishermen at jaja Creek, Uta Ewa, Alscon Harbour and Eier Berge along Imo River. The intestine, liver and gills of T. zilli were carefully dissected for determination of trace metals. Standard analytical procedures for sample preparation in the laboratory was adhered to. Trace metals were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (model GBC scientific AASGF 3000). The elemental concentrations of trace metals observed in the intestine and liver of T. zilli during the study duration were above permissible limit for all the studied trace metal exception of Chromium which was below the threshold limit as recommended by WHO (2011). However, the concentrations of heavy metals observed in the gills were below the WHO threshold limit exception of iron which was considerably higher than the WHO recommended threshold limit for seafood consumption. From the result of findings, the water quality of Imo River is severely impacted by human activities resulting from indiscriminate discharge of domestic waste, industrial waste, agricultural run-off and sewage disposal into the river. The high concentrations of heavy metal in the study organism calls for concern as this may result in deleterious health effects to consumers of these fishes’ overtime. However, this study emphasizes the need of constant monitoring of trace metal levels in tissues of edible aquatic organisms to prevent health related issues to man as the final consumer of this seafood’s.

[Inyang-Etoh, A. George, U.U. Trace Metal Concentrations in Tissues of Tilapia zilli Owing to Human Perturbations in Imo River. Cancer Biology 2019;9(4):50-56]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 7. doi:10.7537/marscbj090419.07.

Keywords: Trace Metal, Concentrations, Tilapia zilli, Human Perturbations, Imo River

Full Text

7

8

Cancer Biology 2019;9(4):57-61]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 8.

withdrawn

Full Text

8

9

Estimation of Natural Radionuclides in Grasses, Soils, and Cattle-dungs from a Cattle Rearing-Field at Mangoro-Agege, Lagos State, Nigeria.

Ilori, A.O. ¹* and Alausa, S.K.²

^1.  Department of Physical Sciences, Ondo State University of Science and Technology, Okitipupa, Nigeria. iloriabiola99@gmail.com

^2.  Department of Physics, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Ogun State, Nigeria. skalausa@yahoo.com

*Corresponding Author: iloriabiola99@gmail.com

Abstract: Estimating the levels of radiation in the environment is crucial in implementing appropriate controls for the sake of radiological protection. It was earlier reported that the natural radioactivity levels of soil in some locations in Agege were significantly higher than the world average values and as such grasses grown in such soils may be susceptible to high radioactivity levels through the plant-root uptake of radionuclides from such soils. Livestock that ingests such grasses may be susceptible to high radionuclides retention which may result in enhanced internal radiation exposure to human. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the radioactivity levels of ⁴⁰K, ²³⁸U and ²³²Th in the grass, soils, and dung and its radiological impacts. A well calibrated NaI (TI) and well-shielded detector couple to computer resident quantum multichannel analyzer was employed to determine the activity concentrations from the study area. The results obtained from the study area showed the radioactivity level in the soil were lower than the values earlier reported for a corresponding cattle-rearing field at Alabata, Abeokuta and also lower than the world average values. The activity concentrations of the radionuclides were similar to the reported values for Tehran-Iran but higher than some values obtained in some other literature. The transfer factor indicated that only a fractional amount of the radionuclides was transferred from the soil to the grass. The study indicated a possible low radiological effect on human feeding on cattle beef in the study area when compared to that earlier reported in other literature.

[Ilori, A.O. and Alausa, S.K. Estimation of Natural Radionuclides in Grasses, Soils, and Cattle-dungs from a Cattle Rearing-Field at Mangoro-Agege, Lagos State, Nigeria. Cancer Biology 2019;9(4):62-72]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 9. doi:10.7537/marscbj090419.09.

Keywords: Radionuclides, transfer factor, grass, soil, cattle-dung, rearing field, Nigeria.

Full Text

9

10

Effect of implementing educational program in family caregivers on minimizing colorectal cancer complications

Lamiss Mohamed Abd El-Aziz¹, Om Ebrahiem Ali El- Melgy², Nagwa Ibrahim Abbas Ghoniem³, Shiamaa Abd El-0salam Abd El-Kader⁴

¹Assistant Professor of Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta University, Egypt

² Professor of Medical Surgical Nursing, Medical Surgical Department, Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University, Egypt

³Lecturer of Critical Care Nursing, Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University, Egypt

⁴Assistant Lecture of Medical Surgical Nursing, Medical Surgical Department, Faculty of Nursing, Tanta University

Abstract: Background: Cancer and cancer treatment did not affect only the patients, but it also affects their family members and caregivers. Colorectal cancers cause a variety of side effects. The family care givers play an important role in managing these side effects by putting a specific treatment plan. Methods: This study will attempt to improve the knowledge and practice of family caregivers in colorectal cancer to reduce the side effects of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This prospective study included 40 caregivers of colorectal cancer patients in oncology department, Tanta university hospitals from September 2016 to January 2017. The patients and family caregivers’ socio demographics data were collected. Total scoring of knowledge were done pretraining, immediately after training, and 1 month later on fatigue symptom inventory was translated intoarabic and used for assessing the degree of fatigue with chemo and radiotherapy. Ostomy skin tool assessment was used. Each session took about 30 to 60 minutes. For comparison between means ANOVA test was used. Pearson and Spearman’s correlation was used for comparison between variables with P<0.05 considered as significant. Results: Significant difference related to total knowledge of caregivers in pre training, immediate assessment and 1 month later. In relation to fatigue symptom inventory there was significant difference in pre treatment and 1 month after treatment end. Conclusion: There is highly significant correlation between total practice and total knowledge throughout the period of the study. This indicated that the structured program was effective to improve the knowledge and practice score of the caregivers towards the care of colorectal cancer patients.

[Lamiss Mohamed Abd El-Aziz, Om Ebrahiem Ali El- Melgy, Nagwa Ibrahim Abbas Ghoniem, Shiamaa Abd El-0salam Abd El-Kader. Effect of implementing educational program in family caregivers on minimizing colorectal cancer complications. Cancer Biology 2019;9(4):73-82]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 10. doi:10.7537/marscbj090419.10.

Keywords: Structured program, colorectal, fatigue symptom inventory, ostomy scale

Full Text

10

11

Exploration of the Carcinogenic Properties of Some Antituberculosis Herbal Drugs Made in Nigeria from Garcinia Kola Plant’s Parts

Akintelu Sunday Adewale¹, Folorunso Aderonke Similoluwa^2*, Ajayi Samuel Oluwakayode³ and Ademosun Olabisi Theresa³

¹Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

²Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, USA

³Department of Chemical science, Covenant University, Otta, Nigeria.

folorunsoderonkesimi@gmail.com; +2348136872649

Abstract: Tuberculosis is an antique disease that remains a major global health issue. Garcinia kola is a recognized medicinal plant with high medicinal values rendering it a prospective source of local herbs in undeveloped countries and a pharmaceuticals source in developed countries. This study was aimed at the assessment of the safety level of some antituberculosis herbal drugs made from Garcinia kola plant’s part. The antituberculosis herbal drugs made from the Seed, leaves, bark and root of Garcinia kola were purchased and properly air dried. Ultrasonic extraction of the samples were done following standard procedure. The impurity in the herbal drug extracts were remove using column chromatography. The concentrations of PAHs in the purified herbal drugs extracts were determined with Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). PAHs diagnostic ratios, group distribution and cancer risk estimation of PAHs where calculated from the concentration of PAHs. The highest concentration of total PAHs was detected in AHDR sample (22.434 mg/kg) and lowest concentration in AHDS sample (16.965mg/kg). Sample AHDS had highest percentage of carcinogenic PAHs (51.44%) while sample AHDB had lowest percentage (25.90%). Values obtained from the diagnostic indices confirmed that the source of PAHs were from pyrogenic sources. The estimated cancer risk via exposure to PAHs resulting from the use of these herbal drugs ranges from 2.0642 to 0.6034 x 10^-7 and were below the USEPA set range (1 × 10⁻⁴ – 1 × 10⁻⁶)^. Nevertheless, to reduce health problem, excessive intake of these herbal drugs should be prevented as their biodegradation on accumulation are difficult.

[Akintelu Sunday Adewale, Folorunso Aderonke Similoluwa, Ajayi Samuel Oluwakayodeand Ademosun Olabisi Theresa. Exploration of the Carcinogenic Properties of Some Antituberculosis Herbal Drugs Made in Nigeria from Garcinia Kola Plant’s Parts. Cancer Biology 2019;9(4):83-91]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 11. doi:10.7537/marscbj090419.11.

Keywords: Anti-tuberculosis, Herbal drug, Cancer and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Full Text

11