Welcome to send your manuscript to: sciencepub@gmail.com

No.

Titles / Authors /Abstracts

Full Text

No.

1

Oil Pollution in Aquaculture

Mona S. Zaki¹, Mostafa F. Abd-Elzaher¹ and Nagwa S. Atta²

¹Hydrobiology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Egypt

²Microbiology and Immunology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Egypt

dr_mona_zaki@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: Oil pollution has been clearly established that pollutants enter the aquatic environment, and may be found in the tissues of aquatic vertebrate and invertebrate animals. Illoreover, some pollutants are instrumental in damaging aquatic organisms. However, there is only limited evidence that pollutants are actually responsible for the development of disease. Indeed, there is negative evidence that has demonstrated that the incidence of disease diminishes when pollution ceases.

[Mona S. Zaki, Mostafa F. Abd-Elzaher and Nagwa S. Atta. Oil Pollution in Aquaculture. Researcher 2019;11(1):1-3]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 1. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.01.

Keywords: Oil; Pollution; Aquaculture

Full Text

1

2

Surgical versus Non-Surgical Intervention for Vocal Cord Polyp (Systematic review)

Sayed M. Mekheimer¹, Hala Abd Elhasseb¹, Yossra Sallam² and Shahenda A. Maklad¹

¹Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls - Al-Azhar University, Egypt

²Department of Phoniatric, Faculty of Medicine for Girls - Al-Azhar University, Egypt

shaymaklad25@yahoo.com

Abstract: Introduction: Voice is an audible sound produced by phonation that acts as a carrier wave for speech signal. Any disruption of the function of voice is called dysphonia. Etiology of dysphonia can be divided into three groups: 1-Organic voice disorders with detectable morphological changes in the vocal apparatus. 2- Non-organic (functional) voice disorders without detectable organic pathology in the structure of the larynx. 3- Minimal associated pathological lesions (MAPLs); long standing functional voice disorders leading to the creation of detectable organic changes. Objective: The aim of this work is the evaluation of functional outcome of voice therapy versus phonosurgery in the management of vocal cord polyp. Subjects and methods (systematic reviw) Criteria for inclusion and exclusion of studies in the review Studies included in the review must contain the following elements: Inclusion Criteria: Intervention: Articles that focus on surgical versus non-surgical intervention for vocal cord polyp Time and place: No time or place constraints. Results: There were differences between surgical and non-surgical intervention in vocal cord lesions determined according to the lesion. Conclusion: voice therapy as a first line treatment proved to be effective in improving dysphonia in patients with polyp, although complete cure after voice therapy is still far to be obtained in most cases.

[Sayed M. Mekheimer, Hala Abd Elhasseb, Yossra Sallam and Shahenda A. Maklad. Surgical versus Non-Surgical Intervention for Vocal Cord Polyp (Systematic review). Researcher 2019;11(1):4-10]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 2. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.02.

Key words: vocal cord polyp, voice therapy, surgical methods

Full Text

2

3

A theoretical study of soliton in photonic crystal fibers

Z. S. Abdul-Hussain and H. A. Sultan

Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq

hassabd67@yahoo.com

Abstract: In this work the photonic crystals parameters, holes diameters, hole- hole spacing and number of holes on the optical fibers was studied. The study showed that the soliton which is depends on the dispersion and the refractive indices of the optical fiber are strongly affected by the photonic crystal parameters. the group velocity parameter was calculated for different values of holes diameters and hole- hole spacing.

[Z. S. Abdul-Hussain and H. A. Sultan. A theoretical study of soliton in photonic crystal fibers. Researcher 2019;11(1):11-14]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.03.

Keywords: Photonic crystals, optical fibers, dispersion, soliton

Full Text

3

4

Chinese scholar Professor Wang Yiping discovered the circular logarithm theorem Prove that the Fermat-Wills theorem does not hold

Wang Hongxuan ^[1] Wang Yiping ^[2,3]

^[1] Senior high school students in Jiangshan Experimental High School, Zhejiang Province

^[2] Association of Old Science and Technology Workers in Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province;

^[3] China Qianjiang Institute of Mathematics and Power Engineering

Mailing address: wyp3025419@163.com

Abstract: Fermat's theorem has been dialectically verified by more than three hundred years of history and multi-personal conjecture. Unfortunately, there is only a difference between the inequality and the equation, and no integer expansion of compatibility is found. The conclusion is unfair. Defining group algebraic closed chains is an ordered combination set and equilibrium of finite finite-dimensional matrices of infinite elements, proving its unity, reciprocity, isomorphism, parallelism, limit theorem, and considering scalability, security, and decentralization. The superiority of chemistry, the logarithm of the dimensionless quantum function is established, and the arithmetic operation between [0~1] is realized, which is called the logarithm theory. It is convincingly proved that any inequality is an integer equality expansion, and it is proposed to prosecute Bug damage and solve the impossible triangle idea. The circular logarithm theory is proved by the "angel particle" of the physical experiment. In the actual project, there are innovative inventions for asymmetric energy such as earth electromagnetic field generators, gravity field engines, and turbojet engines.

[Wang Hongxuan Wang Yiping. Chinese scholar Professor Wang Yiping discovered the circular logarithm theorem Prove that the Fermat-Wills theorem does not hold. Researcher 2019;11(1):15-20]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 4. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.04.

Keywords: Fermat's theorem; inequalities and equations; group algebra closed chain; circular logarithm-block chain

Full Text

4

5

Control of Campylobacter in poultry

Nagwa S. Rabie¹, Zeinab M. S. Amin Girh¹ and Mona S. Zaki²

¹Department of Poultry Diseases, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

²Hydrobiology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza Egypt.

dr_mona_zaki@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: The Gram-negative bacterium Campylobacter is the most common bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis. Poultry, particularly chickens, is considered a major source of human campylobacteriosis. Thus, on-farm control of Campylobacter in poultry would reduce the risk of human exposure to this pathogen and have a significant impact on food safety and public health. To date, three general strategies have been proposed to control Campylobacter in poultry at the farm level: (1) reduction of environmental exposure (biosecurity measures), (2) an increase in poultry's host resistance to reduce Campylobacter carriage in the gut (e.g., competitive exclusion, vaccination), and (3) the use of antimicrobial alternatives to reduce and even eliminate Campylobacter from colonized chickens (e.g., bacteriophage therapy and bacteriocin treatment). This review is focused on two promising strategies—vaccination and bacteriocin treatment. In particular, we extensively review recent research aimed at discovering and characterizing potent anti-Campylobacter bacteriocins to reduce Campylobacter load at the primary production level in poultry.

[Nagwa S. Rabie, Zeinab M. S. Amin Girh and Mona S. Zaki. Control of Campylobacter in poultry. Researcher 2019;11(1):21-30]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 5. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.05.

Keywords: Control; Campylobacter; poultry

Full Text

5

6

Study on Prevalence and Its Potential Risk Factors of GIT Parasite in Small Ruminants in Metekel Zone, Dangur, Dibate and Mandura Districts

*¹ Dawit Tesfaye, *² Abebaw Abyi, *³ Worke Wodayinew, *⁴ G/Hiwot W/mechal, *⁵Bossena Fentahun, *⁶ Kebede Gurmessa, *⁷ Bihonegn Wodajnew

*^{1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6} Benshangul Gumuz Regional State, Livestock and Fishery Resource Development Agencey, Assosa Regional Animal Health, Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring & Study Laboratory

*⁷ Assosa University College of Agriculture & Natural Resource, department of veterinary Science, Po box: 18, Fax:+251-057-775-0732, Mobile phone: +251 905608330, Twitter: @Bwodaj19, Email: wodajbihonegn19@yahoo.com

Abstract: A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with small ruminants GIT helminthes parasites in Mandura, Dangur and Debate Woreda, Metekel Zone, Northwest of Ethiopia on October 2018 based on coprological examination. A total of 431 small ruminants’ fecal samples (135 sheep and 296 goats) were collected and examined using standard parasitological procedures of direct smear, sedimentation and flotation techniques. The present study revealed that the overall prevalence of the major GIT helminthes parasite was 292 (67.7%). Out of 292 positive samples the species of parasite were found strongly (49.1%), Trichuris (2.1%), Ascaris (2.5%), Paramphistomum (3.2%), Emeria (6.1%) and as mixed infection (4.6%). The study showed that 62.2 % and 70.3% of sheep and goats respectively were infected with one or more helminthes and higher prevalence was observed in goats than sheep and has no significant difference (P>0.05) between them. Female animals were found with higher prevalence of helminthes infection rate than male animals with a prevalence of 71.1% and 56.5% respectively and has no significant difference (P>0.05) between sex. Higher prevalence was observed in young animal than adult animal in this study and the prevalence was 76.6% and 64.8% respectively. There was statically significant difference (P<0.05) between age group. The study showed that higher prevalence of helmintic infection was observed in poor body condition animals as compared to medium and good body condition animals and their prevalence were 73.1%, 67.9% and 52.6% respectively. There was highly statically significant difference (P<0.05) between body condition of the animal. In conclusion the animal was affected by different helminthes parasite infections which cause loss of production, reducing growth rate and death of small ruminants. So the animal owner should be deworming their small ruminants by anthelmintics based on order of the Veterinarian to avoid drug resistance as recommendation.

[Dawit Tesfaye, Abebaw Abyi, Worke Wodayinew, G/Hiwot W/mechal, Bossena Fentahun, Kebede Gurmessa, Bihonegn Wodajnew. Study on Prevalence and Its Potential Risk Factors of GIT Parasite in Small Ruminants in Metekel Zone, Dangur, Dibate and Mandura Districts. Researcher 2019;11(1):31-38]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 6. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.06.

Keywords: GIT parasitie, Metekel zone, Prevalence, Risk factor, Small ruminant

Full Text

6

7

A Review On Role Of Adjuvants For Vaccine Efficacy

Gizachew Gelaw

Bahir Dar University, college of Agriculture and environmental science, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box. 5501.

Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

hagizee12@gmail.com

Abstract: Vaccines are the most effective and cost-efficient method for preventing diseases caused by infectious pathogens. Despite the great success of vaccines, development of safe and strong vaccines is still required for emerging new pathogens, re-emerging old pathogens, and in order to improve the inadequate protection conferred by existing vaccines. One of the most important strategies for the development of effective new vaccines is the selection and usage of a suitable adjuvant. Thus, formulation of vaccines with appropriate adjuvants Adjuvants are important components of vaccines and can affect the outcomes of vaccination. Past approaches of vaccine formulation with adjuvants were focused on single-type adjuvants such as alum or emulsions. As great progress has been made in the field of adjuvant research over last two decades, volcanologists are now able to select an appropriate adjuvant from classical adjuvants, immunostimulants or combinations thereof to enhance vaccine efficacy. Protein subunit or inactivated vaccines are usually less immunogenic than traditional vaccines. Therefore, to improve their immunogenicity, co-administration with an adjuvant is required. Adjuvants act via activation of the innate immune system and provide key signals that modulate the adaptive immune response. These results in the priming of antigen-specific The cells that exhibit signature cytokine profiles (Th1, Th2, and Th17) associated with protection. Based on this review the following recommendations are forwarded. During vaccine development and vaccination the role of adjuvants should take into consideration. Vaccination failure should be studied with consideration of adjuvants. Care should be taken when working with adjutants because of their reactogenecity property.

[Gelaw G. A Review On Role Of Adjuvants For Vaccine Efficacy. Researcher 2019;11(1):39-51]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.07.

Key Words: vaccine, adjuvant, vaccine, efficacy

Full Text

7

8

Study on the prevalence of Bovine fasciolosis in Hulet Ejju Enesie District East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia

Birara Ayalneh Tamiru

Hulet Ejjue Enesie District Veterinary Clinic East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia.

Tel. 0923547361. E-mail: biraraayalneh@gmail.com.

Abstract: A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis and associated risk factors in Hulet Ejju Enesie District from July 2018 to January 2019. Simple random sampling technique was employed to select the study animals. A total of 384 faecal samples were collected and subjected to coprological examination. Sedimentation technique was used to detect fasciola egg. Based on the coprological examination the overall prevalence of bovine fasciolosis was 39.6%. Sex, age, peasant association and body condition were taken into consideration where 41.2% and 37.6% were recorded for female and male cattle, respectively. The prevalence that was determined from coprological examination was highest in Ayen Birhan (40.6 %) followed by Hibre Selam and Beza Bizuhan (39.6%), and Debir Mekial (38.6%). However, there was no statistical significant variation (P > 0.05) in the prevalence of fasciolosis based on sexes and localities of the animals. The result of the study indicated that age and body condition had significant difference (P < 0.05) as greater magnitude of infections were detected in poor body condition (77.7%) and adult age group (44.3%).

[Birara Ayalneh Tamiru. Study on the prevalence of Bovine fasciolosis in Hulet Ejju Enesie District East Gojjam Zone, Northwest Ethiopia. Researcher 2019;11(1):52-55]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 8. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.08.

Key words: Bovine, Fasciola, Hulet Ejju Enesie, Prevalence

Full Text

8

9

The effect of attenuation and dispersion on the propagation of a short Gaussian pulse in optical fibers

M. S. Jasim^a, H. A. Sultan^b and C. A. Emshary ^b

^a- Ministry of Education, Missan Directorate of Education, Gifted secondary school, Iraq.

^b- Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Iraq.

hassabd67@yahoo.com

Abstract: Fiber optics being the most important in many of applications like medicine and communication. Manny factors affect the light propagation through it, like attenuation, dispersion and nonlinear effects. In this paper the effect of attenuation and dispersion on the propagation of a Gaussian pulse in optical fiber was studied by theoretical simulations. Nonlinear Schrodinger equation was solved by split step Fourier method using MATLAB. The study focused on the pulse intensity distribution with time and its distribution along the fiber under the effect of attenuation and dispersion. The pulse propagation is affected strongly with varying these parameters.

[M. S. Jasim, H. A. Sultan and C. A. Emshary. The effect of attenuation and dispersion on the propagation of a short Gaussian pulse in optical fibers. Researcher 2019;11(1):56-61]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 9. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.09.

Keywords: optical fibers, attenuation, dispersion, soliton

Full Text

9

10

Platelet derived micro particles and the risk of pulmonary hypertension in Egyptian patients with thalassemia major

Mariana Rady Moawad ¹, Hanaa Hassan Eldash¹, Sherin Khamis Hussein¹, Mohammed Mansour Abbas Eid²

¹ Department of Pediatrics, ² Department of of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, P.O. Box 63514, Fayoum, Egypt

mma21@fayoum.edu.eg

Abstract: Chronic platelet activation usually accompanies this hypercoagulable state noticed in thalassemia. The associated thrombotic risk is partially attributed to the presence of high levels of membrane-derived microparticles (MPs) originating from activated platelets. The level of circulating platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs) as a risk factor for pulmonary hypertension in Egyptian children with β-thalassemia major is a subject of interest. Forty β-thalassemic children and thirty age- and sex-matched healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. CBC, serum ferritin and serum level of PDMPs were measured. Assessment of systolic ventricular function and pulmonary artery pressure was done using Doppler Echocardiographic study. Serum level of PDMPs was significantly elevated in thalassemic patients compared to healthy controls. Fifty percent of our cases had mild to moderate pulmonary hypertension. Splenectomized thalassemics had higher level of thrombocytosis and higher mean of pulmonary pressure compared with non-splenectomized counterparts. PDMP was higher in patients with pulmonary hypertension with significant difference (p<0.05). Platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs) may be implicated in vascular dysfunction and the risk of pulmonary hypertension in thalassemia patients. Their quantification could provide utility for early detection of cardiovascular abnormalities.

[Mariana Rady Moawad, Hanaa Hassan Eldash, Sherin Khamis Hussein, Mohammed Mansour Abbas Eid. Platelet derived micro particles and the risk of pulmonary hypertension in Egyptian patients with thalassemia major. Researcher 2019;11(1):62-68]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 10. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.10.

Keywords: Beta-thalassemia; Platelet derived microparticles (PDMPs); Pulmonary hypertension

Full Text

10

11

Students’ Expectation and Satisfaction as a Quality Management towards Nursing Institutions

Zohaib Hassan¹, Aftab Ahmed², Parveen Sardar³

^1. Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan

^2. Peoples Nursing School Liaquat University of Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan

^3. Jamshoro College of Nursing Jamshoro, Pakistan

Abstract: Objective: The study was conducted to examine the Students’ Expectation and Satisfaction as a Quality Management towards Nursing Institutions. Methodology: The Researcher selected 150 participants from 450 populations using Systematic Random Sampling with the help of questionnaire in three Nursing Institutions. Each item was statistically analyzed by using SPSS v. 22 and Microsoft Excel. Results and Conclusion: Present Research indicates students are satisfied as Quality Management towards Three Nursing Institutions; School of Nursing Walli Bhai Rajputana Hyderabad, School of Nursing Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad and Jamshoro College of Nursing Jamshoro.

[Hassan Z, Ahmed A, Sardar P. Students’ Expectation and Satisfaction as a Quality Management towards Nursing Institutions. Researcher 2019;11(1):69-72]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 11. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.11.

Keywords: Expectation towards Nursing Institution, Nursing as Quality Management, Students expectation

Full Text

11

12

Tigernut and Its Food Application: A Review

¹*Oke, E. K, ^{1, 2} Tijani, A. O, ²Abamba, R. N, ²Odumosu, B.O. and ¹Abiola, O.T.

¹Department of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

²National Biotechnology Development Agency, Owode Yewa, Ogun state, Nigeria

*kennyoke35@gmail.com

Abstract: Tigernut is a tuber crop with an exquisite taste and many properties for a healthy diet. It is a tuber that has been used for centuries in major parts of Africa. Tigernut has high-energy content (starch, fats, sugars and proteins), it is rich in minerals such as phosphorus and potassium and in vitamins E and C, soluble glucose and oleic acid. The purpose of this study is to review literature findings on tigernut and its food applications. Tigernut has attracted very little scientific findings and it is an underutilized crop that is yet to be fully exploited. Development of new food products from tigernut could enhance more interest in this crop and contribute to food security of many developing nation.

[ Oke, E. K, Tijani, A. O, Abamba, R. N, Odumosu, B.O. and Abiola, O.T. Tigernut and Its Food Application: A Review. Researcher 2019;11(1):73-78]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 12. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.12.

Keywords: Tigernut; utilization; food formulation

Full Text

12

13

A Survey of Occurrence and Distribution of Phyllanthus Species in Nigeria

Wahab, Olasumbo Monsurat¹ and Ayodele, Abiodun Emmanuel²

^1. Department of Crop Production Technology, Federal College of Forestry, Ibadan. Nigeria

^2. Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan. Nigeria

olasumbowahab@yahoo.com

Abstract: The genus Phyllanthus has a diversity of growth forms which are distributed in all tropical and subtropical regions of both hemispheres. As West African species of Phyllanthus have not been studied adequately and problems of identification as well as taxonomic confusion still persist, there is the need to provide basic information on the species. Therefore the present study carried out a floristic search of the taxa of Phyllanthus in Nigeria with a view to ascertaining how many species there are and determine the species boundaries. One hundred and forty two specimens comprising 55 field collections covering major Nigerian ecological zones and 87 representative herbaria materials from Forest Herbarium Ibadan, University of Ibadan herbarium and Obafemi Awolowo University herbarium were assessed. The most commonly distributed Phyllanthus species in Nigeria is P. amarus occurring in the far northern to the southern states. Although P. niruri and P. muellerianus had no record of collection in the far northern states, they are also well distributed over the central or middle-belt of Nigeria to the southern states. P. pentandrus is the fourth most distributed species, records being from the far northern states through the central and extending to few southern states. Most of the species under study occur in the Guinea savanna, lowland rainforest and the mangrove forest with P. amarus occurring in all the ecological zones. The species that have narrow distributional ranges are P. maderaspatensis confined to the Sudan savanna and P. urinaria restricted to the mangrove forest. Herbarium samples: P. fraternus, P. floribundus and P. physocarpus which do not occur in Nigeria were cases of misidentification; they are species of P. amarus, P. muellerianus and P. acidus respectively. The present study did not also document the misidentified species from the field.

[Wahab, Olasumbo Monsurat and Ayodele, Abiodun Emmanue. A Survey of Occurrence and Distribution of Phyllanthus Species in Nigeria. Researcher 2019;11(1):79-94]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 13. doi:10.7537/marsrsj110119.13.

Keywords: Phyllanthus species; field and herbarium study; distribution; Nigeria

Full Text

13