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Surgical Outcome of Neglected Cauda Equina Syndrome

Prof. Dr. Hamdy Mohammed Behery, Dr. Islam Mohammed Alaghory and Ali Moneer Mohammed Shokr

Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
drbelieven@gmail.com

Abstract: objective: Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a rare but important neurosurgical emergency. Despite being a recognized clinical entity since 1934, there remains significant uncertainty in the literature regarding the urgency for surgical intervention. The past decade has seen the emergence of the much-referred-to 48-hour limit as a possible window of safety. The ramifications of this time point are significant for early patients who may subsequently have urgent treatment delayed, and for litigation cases, after which adverse decisions are more likely to occur. cauda equina syndrome is an urgent surgery even if delayed or neglected. Aim of study: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between timing of surgical intervention and outcome in patients with delayed CES caused by lumbar disc herniation. Methods: Retrospectively, the presenting features and management of patients treated for delayed or neglected CES over a 2-year period were reviewed. Results: There was significant difference between preoperative and postoperative neurologic functions recovery was found. A significant 40 patients were operated, 12 (30%) patients were complete (CESR), 8 (65%) patients had bladder and bowel recovery after surgery, 4 (35 %) of them not improved, the other 28 (70%) patients were incomplete (CESI) 6 (22%) of them presented with complete foot drop 4 (66%) improved after surgery and 2(34%) not improved and 22 (78%) patients presented with partial foot drop all (100%) improved with Significant complete recovery of muscle strength and complete sensory recovery was noted. In most patients early surgery was associated with better outcome. Conclusion: This research showed that early decompression correlated with better outcome. Patients with delayed or neglected cauda equina syndrome must be cleared for surgery in optimal conditions and, if it possible within optimal timing for recovery.
[Hamdy Mohammed Behery, Islam Mohammed Alaghory and Ali Moneer Mohammed Shokr. Surgical Outcome of Neglected Cauda Equina Syndrome. Researcher 2018;10(3):1-6]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 1. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100318.01.

Keywords: Surgical; Outcome; Neglect; Cauda Equina; Syndrome

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Surgical Outcome of Peripheral Neurectomy in Trigeminal Neuralgia: Retrospective Study

Osama Mohamed Elghannam, Mohamed Hasan Mansour and Yasser Elshaer

Department of Neurosurgery, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. elshaeryasser@gmail.com

Abstract: Numerous surgical procedures are mentioned for trigeminal neuralgia. Peripheral neurectomy was practiced for the first time in the 18^th century with limited success. This procedure provides exact, complete, and long-lasting effect. It can be done on supraorbital, supratrochlear, infratrochlear, infraorbital nerve, and inferior alveolar, lingual, and mental nerves. Neurectomy of the peripheral branches of trigeminal nerve is the simplest, safest, and minimally invasive surgical method that can be carried out as an outpatient procedure under local anesthesia.

[Osama Mohamed Elghannam, Mohamed Hasan Mansour and Yasser Elshaer. Surgical Outcome of Peripheral Neurectomy in Trigeminal Neuralgia: Retrospective Study. Researcher 2018;10(3):7-10]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 2. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100318.02.

Keywords: Neurectomy, Trigeminal Neuralgia, Microvascular Decompression

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Comparative study between frontal and posterior parietal ventriculo-peritoneal shunts in management of hydrocephalus

Prof. Dr. Abdelhalim Moasa, Dr. Mohamed Hasan and Mohamed Abdelrazek

Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

mh.razaak@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Shunting procedures specifically ventriculoperitoneal shunts are the main line of treatment for management of hydrocephalus despite available new techniques and systems of shunting. Associated complications should be recognized and managed proper- ly, but the most recognized complications are shunt obstruction which its prevalence through surgical approach is discussed here. Two approaches (frontal and parietal) are used to insert ventriculoperitoneal shunt. In this study we prospectively examined patterns of shunt failure in patients with symptoms of shunt malfunction. Two approaches were compared to determine which one is more associated with shunt failure. Methods: 30 patients with symptoms of shunt malfunction over 4 years period were retrospectively examined, in 15 cases who were shunted through frontal approach and in 15 patients whose shunts were inserted through posterior parietal approach. 10 cases of malfunction observed. All data was analyzed with SPSS software then the failure rate for frontal versus parietal approach was compared. Results: Significant difference in malfunction rate between these two approaches re- gardless of underlying cause of ventriculoperitoneal shunt failure was observed, with the less failure rates through frontal approach. Conclusion: Although proximal obstruction is the most common cause of ventricu- loperitoneal shunt failure and frontal approach demonstrated less failure rate, but as it is known placing the catheter tip away from the choroids plexus is the most important factor avoiding obstruction.

[Abdelhalim Moasa, Mohamed Hasan and Mohamed Abdelrazek. Comparative study between frontal and posterior parietal ventriculo-peritoneal shunts in management of hydrocephalus. Researcher 2018;10(3):11-15]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100318.03.

Keywords: hydrocephalus, ventriculoperitoneal shunt complication, CSF shunt.

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Management of Vascular Myelopathy

Mustafa El-sayed Mohammed El-sayed¹, Magdy Asaad El-Hawar¹, Wafik Ebrahim Aly² and Ahmed Mohammed Abd El-Fatah Deabes³

¹Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.

²Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.

³Neurosurgery Resident, Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital, Egypt.

drahmed.debes@gmail.com

Abstract: Vascular myelopathies include several diagnoses that are often misdiagnosed or undertreated. Some represent neurologic emergencies, such as spinal cord infarction, and others can be disabling if they remain unrecognized, such as spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas. This article describes the clinical characteristics and current therapeutic strategies for the most common vascular myelopathies and emphasizes practical concepts for the clinician. Vascular myelopathies are infrequent, but their consequences to the patient’s functional capacity can be devastating. Because of their relative rarity, these disorders are often initially misdiagnosed, and, in some cases, this delay in arriving at the correct diagnosis can prove very detrimental. Clinicians should be keenly aware of the clinical and radiologic features of the various vascular causes for acute or progressive myelopathy. Optimal management of patients with vascular myelopathies requires close collaboration with neuro-radiologists, neuro-interventionalists, and vascular neurosurgeons. Prognosis should be estimated with caution because functional outcomes over time may be better than initially expected. This article reviews the essential concepts of diagnosis and management of vascular diseases of the spinal cord.

[Mustafa El-sayed Mohammed El-sayed, Magdy Asaad El-Hawar, Wafik Ebrahim Aly and Ahmed Mohammed Abd El-Fatah Deabes. Management of Vascular Myelopathy. Researcher 2018;10(3):16-31]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 4. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100318.04.

Keywords: vascular myelopathy, spinal vascular malformations (SVM)

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Anterior Cervical Corpectomy versus Multilevel Discectomy and Caging in Cervical Spondylotic Mylopathy

Prof. Dr. Osama AL-Ghanam, Prof. Dr. Mamoun Abo Shosha, Mahmoud Mamdouh Nasr

Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, Egypt

Mahmoudnasr1980@gmail.com

Abstract: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is defined as spinal cord dysfunction secondary to extrinsic compression of the cord or its vascular supply, or both, that is caused by degenerative disease of the cervical spine. It is the most common type of spinal cord dysfunction in patients who are older than 50 years of age. This is a prospective non-randomized comparative study that was including20 patients complaining of symptoms and signs of cervical myelopathy and radiculopathy. All the patient were enrolled from Neurosurgery Department Outpatient Clinic, Al Azhar Unversity Hospital, and Shbein ElKom Teaching Hospital. The diagnosis of CSM was based on careful history, taking complete physical and neurological examination, radiographic documentation. The study population was divided into two groups: Group A: contain 10 patients underwent multilevel anterior cervical discectomy and fusion using interbodyfusion cages (PEEK cages). Group B: contain 10 patients underwent anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion using titanium mesh (Pyra®mesh). Follow up was done clinically and radiologically, immediate postoperative, 3, and 6 months postoperative for all cases. The patients were assessed clinically by Japanese Orthopedic Association scale (JOA). The radiological assessment was done by plain radiography, CT scans, and MRI. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of multilevel ACDF using inter body fusion cages (PEEK cages) versus ACCF using titanium mesh (Pyra®mesh) for CSM through evaluating the clinical and radiological outcomes. From the present study it was noticed that: (1) Both groups demonstrated a significant post-operative increase in JOA scores, an increase that was maintained at the final follow-up. These findings indicate that both groups achieved adequate decompression of the spinal cord and nerve roots, and that these patients benefited from reconstruction of the spinal column. (2) Both the ACDF and ACCF groups had significantly increased cervical lordosis, but the increase was greater in the ACDF group than in the ACCF group. This is because ACDF can provide multiple points of distraction and fixation in addition to the cage and inter body space shaping. However, ACCF meshmay straighten the cervical spinal column between the remaining vertebral bodies. (3) There was no case with hardware dislodgement in both groups. The union rate was same in both groups. (4) There was no difference between both groups in the incidence of Hardware related complications, but the incidence of wound infection and dysphagia was higher in ACCF group which can be explained by the prolonged operative time and the need for more dissection in this group.

[Osama AL-Ghanam, Prof. Dr. Mamoun AboShosha, Mahmoud Mamdouh Nasr. Anterior Cervical Corpectomy versus Multilevel Discectomy and Caging in Cervical Spondylotic Mylopathy. Researcher 2018;10(3):32-45]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 5. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100318.05.

Keywords: Anterior; Cervical; Corpectomy; versus; Multilevel; Discectomy; Caging; Spondylotic Mylopathy

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Studying the relationship between social capital and knowledge management, organizational learning culture and financial performance of Social Security Organization Branch of Ahvaz

Seyed Naji Sharifinia¹, Mahmoud Gheytasvand^2*

^1.Department of Accounting, Persian Gulf International Branch, Islamic Azad university, khorramshahr, iran

^2.Department of Accounting, Persian Gulf International Branch, Islamic Azad university, khorramshahr, iran

Corresponding Author: Mahmoud Gheytasvand^2*

Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between social capital and knowledge management, organizational learning culture and financial performance in Social Security Organization Branch of Ahvaz. The statistical population of this study have composed of all staff in the Social Security Organization Branch of Ahvaz. Whose number is equal to 200. Which according to Morgan’s table, the sample size is 127, which were selected by stratified relative method and questionnaires were distributed among them. All information of field requirements by Four questionnaires Questionnaire social capital, knowledge management Questionnaire, Questionnaire organizational learning culture, financial performance were collected. Questionnaire validity by technique content validity and Questionnaire reliability by technique a Cronbach's alpha test was confirmed. Structural equation modeling technique SEM (Software AMOS-22), were used to test the research hypotheses. Results showed between social capital and knowledge management, organizational learning culture and financial performance of Social Security Organization Branch of Ahvaz has a significant relationship.

[Seyed Naji Sharifinia, Mahmoud Gheytasvand. Studying the relationship between social capital and knowledge management, organizational learning culture and financial performance of Social Security Organization Branch of Ahvaz. Researcher 2018;10(3):46-52]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 6. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100318.06.

Keywords: social capital, knowledge management, organizational learning culture, financial performance

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Investigating the Efficiency of Brand Efficiency on Improving Its Commercial Performance in Mahshahr Petrochemical Industries

Foad Barieian¹, Saeed Shavval Poor^2*

¹Department of Business Management, Faculty of Humanities, Persian Gulf International Branch, Islamic Azad university, khorramshahr, iran

²Department of Business Management, Faculty of Humanities, Persian Gulf International Branch, Islamic Azad university, khorramshahr, iran

Corresponding Author: saeed shavval poor ^2*

Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of brand sustainability on the commercial performance of Mahshahr petrochemical industry. The study method was applied survey. Based on this, 384 employees of Mahshahr Petrochemical Industries Company were selected by simple random sampling method using Cochran formula. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire based on related studies that included 24 items about the research variations. Data were analyzed using spss and smart pls software. The results of data analysis showed confirmation of research hypotheses, so that social media had a positive and significant effect on brand sustainability and business performance. Transparency has a positive and significant effect on brand sustainability and business performance. Social responsibility also has a positive and significant effect on brand sustainability and business performance.

[Foad Barieian, Saeed Shavval Poor. Investigating the Efficiency of Brand Efficiency on Improving Its Commercial Performance in Mahshahr Petrochemical Industries. Researcher 2018;10(3):53-59]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100318.07.

Key Words: Social Media, Transparency, Social Responsibility, Business Performance, Mahshahr Petrochemicals

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Implication of Turkey Broiler Flocks in Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Capmpylobacter Spp.

Samah Eid¹, Nayera M. Al-Atfeehy¹, Abdel Hafeez Samir¹ and Hefny Y. Hefny²

¹Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production- Animal Health Research Institute, Egypt

²Animal Health Research Institute- Zagazig Provincial Laboratory, Egypt

samaheid@ymail.com

Abstract: A total of 100 samples were collected from diseased fattening turkeys, samples included fecal swabs, liver, and intestine were subjected to conventional examination for campylobacter species identification, isolates were confirmed by PCR through the detection of cad F gene the conserved for genus campylobacter, ceu Egene specific for campylobacter coli, and Cj gene specific for campylobacter jejuni, the results revealed that 16/100 (16%) of samples were positive for campylobacter species, 9/16 (56.2%), 7/16(43.8%) of isolates belong to campylobacter jejuni, and campylobacter coli, respectively. Phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance attributes of isolates were studied by disc diffusion and PCR. The results revealed that 16/16 (100%) of isolates showed antibiotic resistance patterns to ampicillin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. Resistance rates against cefotaxime and gentamycin were (81.3%), (87.5, %), respectively. Only 3/16 (18.8%) of isolates showed resistance rate against imipenem, 16/16 (100%) isolates demonstrated profiles of multidrug resistant strains. Studying the genetic antibiotic resistance attributes of isolates by PCR revealed that 10/16 (62.5%), 9/16 (56.2%) of isolates have tetO gene for tetracycline resistance, and cmeB gene for efflux pump, respectively. PCR failed to detect blaOXA gene for betalactams. The findings raised concerns due to the presence of circulating campylobacter spp in turkey farms that may impose a potential high public health risk caused by their zoonotic nature, furthermore disseminate antibiotic resistance genes against key antibiotics used in veterinary and human medicine.

[Samah Eid, Nayera M. Al-Atfeehy, Abdel Hafeez Samir and Hefny Y. Hefny. Implication of Turkey Broiler Flocks in Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Capmpylobacter Spp. Researcher 2018;10(3):60-67]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 8. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100318.08.

Key words: antimicrobial resistance, PCR, capmpylobacter spp, turkeys

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Genetic Editing Research literatures

Dr. Ma Hongbao, Margaret Young

Queens, New York 11418, USA, ma8080@gmail.com

Abstract: Genome editing, or genome engineering is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, deleted, modified or replaced in the genome of a living organism. In 2018, the common methods for such editing use engineered nucleases, or molecular scissors. These nucleases create site-specific double-strand breaks (DSBs) at desired locations in the genome. The induced double-strand breaks are repaired through nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR), resulting in targeted mutations. As of 2015 four families of engineered nucleases were used: meganucleases, zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector-based nucleases (TALEN), and the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) system.

[Ma H, Young M. Genetic Editing Research literatures. Researcher 2018;10(3):67-93]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 9. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100318.09.

Keywords: genetic editing; research; literature; DNA; life

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Comparing and Contrasting Being, Non-being and Nothingness

Reza Shadloo, Arezoo Assemi*

English Language and Literature Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
Email: arezoo.assemi@gmail.com

Abstract: Being is a broad concept that covers subjective and objective features of reality and existence. The history of its philosophy goes back to pre-Socratics when they attempted to evolve a classification of beings. Since then the notion of being has had various meaning in the Middle Ages, Age of reason or the transcendental view. This paper mainly focuses on existentialists view on being, non-being and nothingness.
[Reza Shadloo, Arezoo Assemi. Comparing and Contrasting Being, Non-being and Nothingness. Researcher 2018;10(3):94-96]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 10. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100318.10.

Keywords: Being; Non-being; Nothingness; existentialism; human

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Molecular genetic polymorphism, Morphological and the effect of peels as natural antioxidants in some squash cultivars

Salwa E. Mohamed^1*, Mohamed A. Abdein² and Dalia M. Hikal³

¹Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt.

²Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Science, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia.

³Nutrition and Food Science, Home Economics Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Mansoura University, Egypt.

*Corresponding author: salwa3eg@yahoo.com

Abstract: The aim objective of this study was selected the squash cultivars visually according to RAPD Marker to determine the genetic relationships and evaluating similarity among the squash cultivars and also, cultivated and evaluated these genotypes under Egyptian condition in open field experiment. Their good performance levels and quality traits to be continued in the breeding program as parents to produce squash hybrids suitable for open field with high yield. The dried peels of the squash cultivars adding to cake as antioxidants. RAPD markers were utilized to define the genetic connections and estimating likeness between some squash types. Five RAPD primers were utilized to dwell on DNA extracted from the leaves of eight squash types utilizing the CTAB method. A total of 187 bands were developed of which 115 observed that that the polymorphism between the eight species. PCR-RAPD analysis illustrated a number of variables in the volume and number of bands between the species; it means that there are genetic variables between the squash species. Based on these markers, genetic likeness coefficients were calculated and a dendrogram was elevated. The dendrogram analysis described three major clusters. This research was to characterize that the RAPD markers are beneficial in estimating genetic diversity between squash species. The obtained results could be summarized as follow: Results indicated that the genetic differences among genotypes were significant or highly significant for all studied traits, indicating the presence of adequate genetic variability. The genetic differences among the genotypes were highly significant for all studied traits. Generally, the peels of the fourth cultivar were better than the first cultivar as strong antioxidants, while the peels of the first cultivar were the best when compared with the fourth cultivar in raising the cake samples content from sugar.

[Salwa E. Mohamed, Mohamed A. Abdein and Dalia M. Hikal. Molecular genetic polymorphism, Morphological and the effect of peels as natural antioxidants in some squash cultivars. Researcher 2018;10(3):97-104]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 11. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100318.11.

Keywords: Genetic Diversity, RAPD Marker, Squash, Cultivars, Morphological traits, Peels, Antioxidants.

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