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Effects a Recommended Recreational Program for Racquet Sports on some Physical and Technical Variables and Self-Concept of University Athletes

Nihad Moneer Othman Al-Bateky

Department of Health and Recreation, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Jordan, Jordan

dr.nihad_albatikhi@yahoo.com

Abstract: The current research aims to identify the effects of a racquet sports recreational program on some physical and technical variables and self-concept of student athletes. The researcher used the experimental approach (one-group design) with pre-, intermediate and post-measurements. The researcher purposefully chose (46) recreational student athletes – Faculty of Physical Education – Jordan University during the second semester. Only (39) students completed the program while (7) were excluded due to non-punctuality. The researcher used a test battery for physical and technical variables in addition to TSCS scale. Results indicated that: - The recommended racquet sports recreational program had positive effects on some physical variables of student athletes. -The recommended racquet sports recreational program had positive effects on some technical variables of badminton of student athletes. - The recommended racquet sports recreational program had positive effects on self-concept of student athletes.

[Nihad Moneer Othman Al-Bateky. Effects a Recommended Recreational Program for Racquet Sports on some Physical and Technical Variables and Self-Concept of University Athletes. Researcher 2018;10(1):1-7]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 1. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.01.

Key words: recreational program – racquet sports – self-concept

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Toxicity of Heavy Metal in Live Stock

Mona S. Zaki¹, Refat A. Youssef², and Sami Shalby³

¹Hydrobiology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

²Soils and Water Uses Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

³Animal Reproduction Department, National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt

Dr_mona_zaki@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: Cancer The IARC has classified cadmium as a human carcinogen (group I) on the basis of sufficient evidence in both humans and experimental animals 22. IARC, however, noted that the assessment was based on few studies of lung cancer in occupationally exposed populations, often with imperfect exposure data, and without the capability to consider possible confounding by smoking and other associated exposures (such as nickel and arsenic). Cadmium has been associated with prostate cancer, but both positive and negative studies have been published. Early data indicated an association between cadmium exposure and kidney cancer 23. Later studies have not been able clearly to confirm this, but a large multi-centre study showed a (borderline) significant over-all excess risk of renal-cell cancer, although a negative dose–response relationship did not support a causal relation 24. Furthermore, a population-based multicentre-study of renal cell carcinoma found an excess risk in occupationally exposed persons25. In summary, the evidence for cadmium as a human carcinogen is rather weak, in particular after oral exposure. Therefore, a classification of cadmium as ‘probably carcinogenic to humans’ (IARC group 2A) would be more appropriate. This conclusion also complies with the EC classification of some cadmium compounds (Carcinogen Category 2; Annex 1 to the directive 67/548/EEC).

[Mona S. Zaki, Refat A. Youssef, Sami Shalby. Toxicity of Heavy Metal in Live Stock. Researcher 2018;10(1):8-12]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 2. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.02.

Keywords: Toxicity; Heavy Metal; Live Stock

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Determination of moisture indexes in sugarcane harvesting season by remote sensing in cane fields

Y. Pourreza¹, S. Boroomand Nasab ², A. Naseri ³

¹M. Sc. Student of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. Y_pourreza@yahoo.com

²Professor of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Water Sciences Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. Boroomand@scu.ac.ir

³Professor of Irrigation and Drainage, Faculty of Water Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran. Abdalinaseri@scu.ac.ir

Abstract: Soil moisture parameters are one of the most important parameters that they use in the fields for management and planning. There are various indicators for expressing the soil moisture state that SWI and WDI are among the indicators studied in this study. Using Lands at 8 satellite imagery, Erdas software and Split Window algorithm, the mapping maps of these two indexes were obtained and compared with soil moisture values ​​manually measured. The correlation coefficient for these indices was 0.58, which is acceptable. By applying this coefficient, indicators can also be used to map the moisture map.

[Y. Pourreza, S. Boroomand Nasab, A. Naseri. Determination of moisture indexes in sugarcane harvesting season by remote sensing in cane fields. Researcher 2018;10(1):13-16]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.03.

Keywords: soil moisture, Remote Sensing, Moisture index

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Eccentric Rotary Engine

Sun Chunwu

Address: Room 805, Building 20, Shuxiu Garden, Xihu Town, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Contact information: QQ458669609; Tel18652544068; Email: yzscw0514@163.com

Abstract: When hollow rotating shaft rotates, this practical new eccentric rotary engine will save/release energy by utilizing eccentric rotating assembly inside the shell, and convert the energy to the shell by utilizing the gravity action of eccentric rotating assembly during releasing the energy. So that the energy can be used effectively, and the energy consumption of the engine can be reduced.

[Sun Chunwu. Eccentric Rotary Engine. Researcher 2018;10(1):17-21]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 4. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.04.

Keywords: Eccentric rotary engine, oval diagram

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Standard fetal growth curves for normal pregnant women living in Cairo

Asem Moussa¹, Mohamed Ali Mohamed¹, Mahmoud Elshenawy², Nayera E Hassan³, Mazen Abdel-Rasheed² and Osama Azmy²

¹Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

²Department of Reproductive Health Research, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.

³Department of Biological Anthropology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.

m_elshenawy84@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective: To create fetal growth curves for normal pregnant women living in the Capital City- Cairoas a part of multicenter study that will include all the Egyptian governorates to validate a standardized national fetal growth curves. Study design: This study include two thousands pregnant women living in Egypt, and all women are singleton pregnancy were admitted to the antenatal care clinic at NRC and implemented in cross-sectional study. The ages of participating women were ranged between 18 and 40 years, living in grand Cairo. The estimated gestational age was ranged between 12 and 42 weeks (1^st day of last menstrual period was used for estimation of pregnancy). Ultrasonographic fetal biometric measurements, which includes head and abdominal circumferences, biparietal diameter and length of femur, were done once for every fetus. Results: Ultrasonographic fetal biometry was obtained for fetuses of normal pregnant women living in Cairo. New charts of BPD, HC, AC and FL were established for our local populations. Comparing our data with Italian, Korean, and Saudi Arabian populations confirm the presence of variations. Conclusion: The currently used fetal growth curves was not coordinate with the data recorded for Western people and may be unsuitable as standard for Egyptian foeti, therefore, the implementation of native developed charts is suggested.

[Asem Moussa, Mohamed Ali Mohamed, Mahmoud Elshenawy, Nayera E Hassan, Mazen Abdel-Rasheed and Osama Azmy. Standard fetal growth curves for normal pregnant women living in Cairo. Researcher 2018;10(1):22-27]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 5. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.05.

Keywords: Growth curves, Ultrasonographic, Fetal biometry

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Estimating the nonlinear refractive index of 10W30 oil using visible low power laser beam

Qusay M. A. Hassan, H. A. Sultan, H. Bakr, Isra^,a M. Ali, R. M. Hassan, C. A. Emshary

Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq

^*E-mail address: qusayali64@yahoo.co.in

Abstract: Estimating the nonlinear refractive index, n₂, of 10W30 oil using diffraction ring pattern and Z-scan techniques is given. And as high as 1.664 x 10^-7 cm²/W value is obtained. Experimental ring patterns are calculated numerically using Fresnel-Kirchhoff diffraction integral where good agreements are obtained.

[Qusay M. A. Hassan, H. A. Sultan, H. Bakr, Isra a M. Ali, R. M. Hassan, C. A. Emshary. Estimating the nonlinear refractive index of 10W30 oil using visible low power laser beam. Researcher 2018;10(1):28-33]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 6. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.06.

Key words: Self-phase modulation, Diffraction ring pattern, Z-scan technique

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Review On Blood Transfusion And Transfusion Reaction In Large Animal

Abebe Mequanent ¹, Habtamu Addis ², Takele Adugna ¹

¹ University of Gondar College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Gondar, Ethiopia, P.o. Box: 196.

² University of Gondar College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Veterinary Para Clinical Studies

E-mail: abebemequanent@gmil.com

Abstract: Blood transfusion is a process of transfer of homogenous blood from one individual to another of same species and most common practice to save the critically ill patient having acute hemolysis or hemorrhage and/or chronic anemia. This review highlights indications of blood transfusion and also management of the associated complications in large animals. The needs to transfuse each blood components are depend on the patient’s condition and their indication. Fresh whole blood (FWB) is indicated for excessive hemorrhage and bleeding disorders; packed red blood cell (pRBC) for treatment of anemia caused by hemorrhage, hemolysis, or ineffective erythropoiesis; fresh frozen plasma (FFP) for the treatment of a single or multiple clotting factor deficiency, vitamin K deficiency or antagonism, surgical bleeding or where a massive transfusion is required. Platelets correct thrombocytopenia, control associated hemorrhage, and prevent death from bleeding whereas granulocyte transfusion is used in patients with life threatening neutropenia caused by bone marrow failure or in patients with neutrophil dysfunction. However blood transfusion can result in as much harm reaction as benefit to the recipient so that appropriate donor selection, blood grouping, major and minor cross matching tests, and slow delivery at the first 10–20 minutes should be considered to prevent agglutinating and/or hemolytic reactions. Citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine (CPDA-1) and Acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) are commonly used anticoagulants for storage of blood. Each component obtained from whole blood has optimal storage conditions, which permits to preserve its specific activities and functions. In conclusion, transfusion medicine is lifesaving modality in case of emergency or critically ill animals to balance and correct the circulatory abnormality; however, potential risks associated with transfusions do exist. Therefore patients should be appropriately screened with blood typing and cross matching before transfusion and intensive transfusion follow up and monitoring should be performed.

[Abebe M, Habtamu A and Takele A. Review On Blood Transfusion And Transfusion Reaction In Large Animal. Researcher 2018;10(1):35-49]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.07.

Key words: Blood Transfusion, Transfusion-reaction, Large Animal

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Study of the shuttle movement of blood lactate in athletes

Dr. Nawaf Alshammari

Associate professor, Ph.D. College of Basiuwaitc education, Kuwait.‎

dr.nawaf_@hotmail.com

Abstract: The bioenergy study is one of the important topics in sport. The vital energy in the human body is the source of movement and muscle contractions, the athletic performance of all kinds. The body contains different systems for the production of fast or slow energy depending on the needs of the muscle and the nature of sports performance. Therefore, training energy production systems and raising its efficiency leads to raising the body efficiency in the production of energy. Eating food full of carbohydrates before or during the high-intensity exercise increases the concentration of the Kerbs cycle rates. It was also proved that the components of the Kerbs cycle is neither commensurate with the intensity of the exercises nor the amount of energy consumed and also during the high-intensity short-term exercise and supposed to increase rates of lactate over the pyruvate. As it may be accompanied by a significant increase in the rate of the components of Kerbes cycle and therefore these beliefs must be redrafted again and hence the researcher has shown the importance of the relationship of the components of the products of anaerobic and aerobic (Lactate / pyruvate) aldolase and (PDH - LDH) enzymes and find out how they affect the high intensity short - term exercises versus long - term exercises. The study aimed at identifying the relationship between the shuttle movement of lactate / pyruvate and the Glycolysis enzymes, during the physical effort in 400-meter-jogging race, 3000-meter-running race, running on the Treadmill series. The researcher used the semi-experimental approach using the (before - after) measurement of one group. The research sample included the Kazhma Kuwaiti Club players in (2017) with the ages of 18-21 years. the number of the research society reached (13) player. The most important results were that the production of energy during the sports effort begins with anaerobic Glycolysis, a pyruvate product that turns into lactate in the case of hypoxia under the influence of (LDH) Enzyme and resulting lactate either loaded on transport proteins (MCTs) to white fiber, which is re-converted into pyruvate and used to enter the Krebs cycle or seep into blood and act as analogous to hormones (for Aktermun) by influencing the metabolism of energy.

[Nawaf Alshammari. Study of the shuttle movement of blood lactate in athletes. Researcher 2018;10(1):50-58]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 8. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.08.

Keywords: Study; shuttle; movement; blood; lactate; athletes

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Comparative Study between Online Hemodiafiltration and Conventional Hemodialysis as Regard Nutritional and Inflammatory States in Chornic Hemodialysis Patients

Fawzy Hamed Hasan¹, Alsayad Mohammed Rashed¹, Nabil Fathy Ismail², and Haitham Abd El badie Shaheen¹

¹ Department of Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, Egypt

² Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University, Egypt

dr.shaheen1988@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: In recent years, online hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) was introduced as an alternative to standard HD, as it was claimed that OL-HDF would be more biocompatible, would increase dialysis efficacy and reduce the inflammatory response – features that would diminish the risk of morbidity and mortality in ESRD. Methods: The study will be prospective cross section study which includes 120 end stage renal disease patients on regular hemodialysis three sessions per week, 4 hours per session. whose will be assigned to three groups for hemodialysis with online hemodiafiltration (n = 40), high-flux hemodialysis (n = 40) and low flux hemodialysis (n = 40) for 24 weeks. These patients will be recruited and investigated in Maadi Military Hospital and air forces hospital. We measured CBC, ESR, CRP, Ferritin, Serum albumin, total protein, Calcium, phosphorus and PTH. Results: Comparative study between the 3 groups revealed non-significant difference as regards age, baseline weight, height, BMI, MAC and skin fold thickness (p > 0.05). Comparative study between the 3 groups revealed non-significant difference as regards follow up weight, height, BMI, MAC and skin fold thickness (p > 0.05). Comparative study between the 3 groups revealed non-significant difference as regards all baseline laboratory variables (p > 0.05). Comparative study between the 3 groups revealed; highly significant decrease in TLC, ESR, CRP and PTH in HDF group compared to HF and LF groups; with highly significant statistical difference (p = 0.004, p = 0.006, p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001 respectively). Comparative study between the 3 groups also revealed; highly significant increase in platelets and calcium in HDF group compared to HF and LF groups; with highly significant statistical difference (p = 0.01, p = 0.004 respectively). Conclusion: HDFis better than HFHDx and LFHDx in improvement of aneamia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and inflammation (CRP, ESR). But the difference between HDF and HFHDx is not big difference. The main disadvantages of HDF are its cost and the loss of albumin.

[Fawzy Hamed Hasan, Alsayad Mohammed Rashed, Nabil Fathy Ismail, and Haitham Abd El badie Shaheen. Comparative Study Between Online Hemodiafiltration And Conventional Hemodialysis As Regard Nutritional And Inflammatory States In Chornic Hemodialysis Patients. Researcher 2018;10(1):59-64]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 9. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.09.

Key words: Hemodiafiltration, Conventional Hemodialysis, Chornic Hemodialysis and Inflammatory States.

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Effect of Industrial Pollution on Fish in River Nile

Mohammad M. N. Authman and Mona S. Zaki

Hydrobiology Department, Veterinary Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

Dr_mona_zaki@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: Industrial wastewater discharged in River Nile exerted negative effects, leading to continuous deterioration of its water quality, and affected greatly River Nile’s fish health where they implicated fish tissue, induced changes in behavioral, physiological and histological levels, in addition to reduce the growth and reproduction or even affect the survival of early life stages. The presence of these contaminants limits fish population either directly via mortality or indirectly by suppressing or contaminating the food base. This alters the structure of natural fish community, collapse River Nile water fisheries with the result of declining fish populations and reduced fish production.

[Mohammad M. N. Authman and Mona S. Zaki. Effect of Industrial Pollution on Fish in River Nile. Researcher 2018;10(1):65-68]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 10. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.10.

Keywords: Effect; Industrial Pollution; Fish; River; Nile

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Diagnosis, Symptoms and therapy of autism: A Moroccan research online survey

Tahar Hazzaz Abouamal, Zineb Choukairi, Halim Khalid, Taoufiq Fechtali

Department of Biology, Laboratory of Biosciences University Hassan 2 Casablanca, Morocco

thazzaz@gmail.com

Abstract: Objectives: Autism spectrum disorder, is a condition characterized by abnormal development of social, relational, and communicational skills; some repetitive behaviors, and a lack of interests. Activities are manifested by stereotyped, repetitive speech, motor movement; and also social communication deficits that include impairments in aspects of joint attention and social interaction, the age of diagnosis in different cultural and areas and effective therapies are the areas that we start to work. The other important question for our future genetic and physiologic research in Morocco was about belief in scientific research to find pharmaceutical drugs and /or physical therapies that will surely treat this pathology. Methods: To carry out this research, we developed an Internet survey to identify symptoms detected and the treatments used by parents of children with autism. The survey listed 9 symptoms and was distributed via social media and redirected to an URL link in Google Online forms, through the association of Autism in Morocco. A total of 62 parents submitted usable returns during the 2-month survey period. On average the parents reported using 12 different therapies. Results: The results showed that Moroccans are increasingly informed about the disease and that they already use a several known methods to overcome autism. The number of therapies used varied with age and culture of the child. Behavior therapy was the most commonly reported intervention, followed by Psychotherapist and Alimentary Diet. Conclusion: Given this lack of data, it is important to document the number and types of symptoms and treatments used by parents of children with autism. This type of data may enable professionals to provide parents with the information needed to make more informed choices about treatment selection and promote evidence-based practice. By documenting therapies used for each symptoms, the research community may also be alerted to test used treatments that have yet to be examined in controlled scientific studies. The present study represents a preliminary attempt to present the diagnosis age mean in Arabic and Berber Moroccan community and types of interventions, programs, and therapies used by parents in the two populations.

[Tahar Hazzaz Abouamal, Zineb Choukairi, Halim Khalid, Taoufiq Fechtali. Diagnosis, Symptoms and therapy of autism: A Moroccan research online survey. Researcher 2018;10(1):69-78]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 11. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.11.

Keywords: Autism, Diagnosis age, Behavior therapy, ASD

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Pronominal Usage in Family Domain: A Study on Kashmiri Language

Javaid Aziz Bhat

Department of Linguistics, University of Kashmir—190006, India
javaidazizbhat@gmail.com

Abstract: This paper discusses the results of the study of pronominal usage with consanguineal kins among Kashmiri speakers. The forms of pronominals collected by the researcher are analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The analysis reports the different pronominal forms used by Kashmiri speakers and their frequency in the total corpus of the data collected for this study. A qualitative analysis of the usage of pronominal forms is provided to describe the various aspects of meaning of the pronominals from the point of view of the native speakers. The analysis shows that there is a predominant reciprocal use of singular pronominal tsI in consanguineal kinship domain. The paper also highlights the correlation between pronominal with kins and the social characteristics of age, gender and education of the interlocutors.
[Bhat JA. Pronominal Usage in Family Domain: A Study on Kashmiri Language. Researcher 2018;10(1):79-87]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 12. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.12.

Key Words: Pronominal, Consanguineal Kin, Address Pronominal, Reference Pronominal

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Nutritional Compositions of Gnetum africanum (Okazi) Root

*Ihedimbu, C.P., Ayalogu, E.O. and Essien, E.B.

Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, East-West Road, P.M.B. 5323, Choba, 500004 Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
amakaihedimbu@yahoo.com

Abstract: The nutritional (proximate and mineral) compositions of Gnetum africanum (okazi) root were evaluated to ascertain its impacts on a healthy citizenry. Proximate result of the raw dry root sample revealed carbohydrate content of 80.26±0.02% as the highest followed by moisture content of 10.52±0.03%, and protein content of 2.80±0.02%, ash content of 2.70±0.06%, fibre content of 2.63±0.06% and a lipid content of 1.06±0.06% was the least. The energy values of the fuel molecule content were 1340.34KJ100g-1, 45.0934KJ100g-1 and 39.9634KJ100g-1 respectively for carbohydrate, protein and fat contents. The highest concentration (ppm) of the minerals present was calcium 54.67, followed by magnesium 7.94, sodium 4.68, potassium 3.56, iron 1.78, zinc 1.68 and manganese 1.61 while copper and selenium were the least at 0.58 and 0.35 respectively. This sample when properly processed can be suitable for energy recovery after exercise or for a person experiencing hypoglycemia considering the rich carbohydrate contents of Gnetum africanum root.
[Ihedimbu, C.P., Ayalogu, E.O. and Essien, E.B. Nutritional Compositions of Gnetum africanum (Okazi) Root. Researcher 2018;10(1):88-96]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 13. doi:10.7537/marsrsj100118.13.

Key words: Gnetum africanum, Proximate, Minerals, Fibre, Moisture.

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