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Comparative study between scleral buckling using chandelier endoillumination and primary vitrectomy in the treatment of pseudophakic retinal detachment

Ahmed Sobh Abdo Mohamed Msc¹, Ahmed Hassan Barrada MD², Mohamed Hamed Ali MD² and Ehab Samy El-Zakzouk MD¹.

¹Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt

²Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

ahmedsobh99@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective: To compare the anatomic and visual results and complications of scleral buckling using chandelier illumination versus primary vitrectomy in management of pseudophakic retinal detachment. Design: Prospective, randomized controlled study. Participants: forty eyes of 40 patients with pseudophakic retinal detachment, who attended the Research Institute of Ophthalmology outpatient clinics. Methods: patients were divided into two groups. In group Group A: included 20 eyes underwent scleral buckling surgery using binocular indirect opthalmomicroscope (BIOM) combined with a chandelier endoillumination for fundus visualization during surgery and Group B included 20 eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Results: At 6 months postoperative (end of follow up period), there was no significant difference regarding anatomic, visual results and complication rate in both groups. However increase in intraocular pressure was significant in group B but it was medically controlled over the follow up period. Longer operative time was reported in group B because of the time consumed in vitreous bas shaving. Conclusion: We conclude that scleral buckling surgery using binocular indirect opthalmomicroscope (BIOM) combined with a chandelier endoillumination is comparable to Pars Plana Vitrectomy in management of Pseudophakic retinal detachment.

 [Ahmed Sobh Abdo Mohamed, Ahmed Hassan Barrada, Mohamed Hamed Ali and Ehab Samy El-Zakzouk. Comparative study between scleral buckling using chandelier endoillumination and primary vitrectomy in the treatment of pseudophakic retinal detachment. Researcher 2017;9(9):1-7]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 1. doi:10.7537/marsrsj090917.01.

Keywords: Pseudophakic retinal detachment, chandelier illumination, scleral buckling.

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Clinical Outcome for Cases of Segmental Cervical Myelopathy after Surgical Management

Mohammed Emad Ahmed Khalifa¹, Prof. Dr. Ali Khodair Ali¹, Assist. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Hasan Mansour¹, Assist. Prof. Dr. Wafik Ebrahim Ali², Dr. Mahmoud Mohammed Mohammed Metwally³

¹Neurosurgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-azhar University, Egypt

²Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-azhar University, Egypt

³Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-azhar University, Egypt

doctormsr2040@gmail.com

Abstract: Objective: Evaluation of surgical strategies in the management of cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Patient and Methods: This study was carried out on 20 adult patients diagnosed as having cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) they were admitted and managed at El Azhar University Hospitals, in the period from May 2016 till January 2017. They were managed by anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF), anterior cervical corpectomy with fusion (ACCF), and posterior cervical laminectomy and prospectively studied for surgical outcome using neurological examination, radiological examination and Nurick’s gait disability scale. Results: The age range was 40-75 years, mean age was 56.15 years, male-to-female ratio was 1.9:1. The duration of symptoms ranged from 0.75 to 4 years with mean duration of 2.06. 18 (90%) cases were operated by ACDF, 1 case by ACCF (5%) and 1 case by posterior cervical laminectomy (5%). 55% had excellent outcome, 20% had good outcome, 15% had fair outcome and 10% had poor outcome. Conclusion: Choosing the surgical technique depends mainly on the site of the pathology whether anterior or posterior. The prognosis doesn't depend on the type of surgery, but it depends mainly on the age of the patient, severity of myelopathy, duration of symptoms, and cord changes of the MRI.

[Mohammed Emad Ahmed Khalifa, Ali Khodair Ali, Mohammed Hasan Mansour, Assist. Wafik Ebrahim Ali, Mahmoud Mohammed Mohammed Metwally. Clinical Outcome for Cases of Segmental Cervical Myelopathy after Surgical Management. Researcher 2017;9(9):8-17]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 2. doi:10.7537/marsrsj090917.02.

Keywords: Clinical; Outcome; Case; Segmental; Cervical; Myelopathy; Surgical; Management

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Effectiveness of a recommended in-water training program on bone mineral density and some physical variables for post-menopausal women

Nihad Moneer Othman Al-Bateky

Department of Health and Recreation, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Jordan, Jordan

dr.nihad_albatikhi@yahoo.com

Abstract: The current research aims to identify the effects of in-water exercises on improving bone ‎mineral density and some other physical and physiological variables in post-menopausal ‎women‎. The researcher used the experimental approach (two-group design) with pre- and post-‎measurements‎. Participants (n=38) were purposefully chosen from female workers (45-55 years) at ‎Jordan University. They were divided as follows: (8) participants for the pilot sample – ‎‎(15) participants for the experimental group – (15) participants for the control group‎. Results indicated that: - The recommended in-water exercises program improved leg and back muscle ‎strength, right/lift femur flexibility and spine flexibility in post-menopausal ‎women. ‎-The recommended in-water exercises program improved pulse, relative vital ‎capacity and systolic/diastolic blood pressure in post-menopausal women. ‎-The recommended in-water exercises program improved bone mineral density in ‎femur and spine in post-menopausal women. ‎- There is statistically significant correlation between BMI and other variables ‎under investigation. ‎

[Nihad Moneer Othman Al-Bateky. Effectiveness of a recommended in-water training program on bone mineral density and some physical variables for post-menopausal women. Researcher 2017;9(9):18-24]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3. doi:10.7537/marsrsj090917.03.

Key Words: in-water exercises – post-menopausal – osteoporosis

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Iranian constitutional revolution: British and Russian empire roles

Mohammad Soleimani Amiri ¹, Daniel Pommier Vincilli ²

¹ PhD of political science university of Sapienza Rome

² PhD of history of Europe university of Sapienza Rome

mohammadsoleymaniamiri@gmail.com

Abstract: Iranian Constitutional Revolution was one of the most important developments in the East in the early twentieth century. This revolution made one of the oldest dictatorship regimes, the absolute monarchy to change into a constitutional government. In this movement, the national bourgeoisie, the liberal landowners, the Shiite progressive clergy and the urban laboring masses as well as a thin layer of proletariat struck a fragile coalition with different motives and led the movement to victory. Since the peasants constituted a vast majority of the Iranian society at that time, the absence of this class in the revolution could be considered as the greatest weakness of the movement. The present research explains the role of the governments of Britain and Russia in the revolution as well as the objective and subjective factors causing it. This study attempts to use the data obtained from sources, including books and research papers.

[Mohammad Soleimani Amiri, Daniel Pommier Vincilli. Iranian constitutional revolution: British and Russian empire roles. Researcher 2017;9(9):25-29]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 4. doi:10.7537/marsrsj090917.04.

Keywords: Constitutional revolution, the Empires of the Great Britain and Russia, Colonial mortgage, Imperialist concessions, Influx of foreign capitals and goods

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Study on Cattle Trypanosomosis, Associated risk factors, and Vector density in Bullen District, Western Ethiopia

*Asmamaw Aki and Yami bote

*Assosa Regional veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O.Box: 326, Asossa, Ethiopia. Email: asmamawaki@gmail.com, Telephone; +251 922232353

Abstract: A cross- sectional study was carried out in Bullen District of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia from September to January, 2017 to estimate the prevalence of trypanosomosis in cattle and the prevailing species of trypanosomes, associated risks and its vector density. Blood samples were collected from (n=384) randomly sampled cattle (Bos indicus) and examined using parasitological (buffy coat technique) and hematological (measurement of packed cell volume) procedures. An overall, 113/384 (29.43%) prevalence was recorded. The infection was caused by T. congolense 96/130 (73.84%), T. vivax 21/130 (16.15%), T. brucei 6/130(4.62%) and mixed infection was found to be 7/130 (5.4%). The infection rate was found statistically significant (P<0.000) among trypanosome species. Mean packed cell volume (PCV) value of infected animals was lower (21.2% + 3.85) than non- infected animals (26.41 % + 1.86) and the variation was statistically significant (P<0.000). Non - significant difference was recorded within study sites, sex and age categories of animals (P>0.05), where as significant association was observed in body conditions. Glossina tachinoides was the only tsetse fly caught and its mean apparent density measured as f/t/d was 3.53. In addition, other mechanical vectors such as Stomoxys, Haematopota, and Tabanids with f/t/d of 1.67, 0.3 and 0.33 were recorded respectively. In conclusion, the result of the current study showed the economical importance of trypanosomosis in the study area signaling for devising strategic control efforts.

[ Asmamaw Aki and Yami bote . Study on Cattle Trypanosomosis, Associated risk factors, and Vector density in Bullen District, Western Ethiopia. Researcher 2017;9(9):30-37]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 5. doi:10.7537/marsrsj090917.05.

Key words: Bullen district, PCV, Risk factor, Trypanosome, Trypanosomosis, Tsetse fly

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Isolation and Characterization Of Pathogenic Bacteria In Chickens Causing Morbidity and Mortality

¹Estegent Tekeba, ¹Getachew Dinede, ²Asmamaw Duressa and ²Meron Moges

¹Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Epidemiology Directorate, P.O. Box: 1084, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

²Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Disease prevention and Control Directorate, P.O. Box: 1084, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Email: dinedegech@gmail.com

Abstract: A study was conducted between November 2009 and April 2010 in Hawassa town of Sidama zone of Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional State (SNNP) to isolate and characterize pathogenic bacteria causing morbidity and mortality in chickens. Bacterial culturing and Gram staining were used for identification of bacteria. Further characterization was done using biochemical tests. A total of 50 chickens including 35 sick and 15 recently dead were used. A total of 250 samples were aseptically collected from lungs, spleens, intestine, livers and heart blood of the chickens. Ten genera of potentially pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 36% (18/50) chickens. The identified genera/species of bacteria were: Enterococcus, E. coli, motile Salmonella, S. aureus, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Pasteurella, Yersinia, Edwardsiella and Enterobacter. Enterococcus was the most prevalent bacteria 14% (7/50) followed by E. coli with five isolates and Salmonella with three isolates. Pseudomonas, S. aureus and Bacillus were all isolated from two chickens each and Pasteurella, Yersinia, Edwardsiella and Enterobacter from one chicken each. Most isolates were recovered from lung (13), followed by heart blood (9) and liver (6). Mixed bacterial infections were detected in six chickens while single bacterial pathogens were isolated from twelve chickens. In conclusion, the study revealed that bacterial pathogens are highly involved in morbidity and mortality of chickens in the study area challenging the poultry industry calling for remedial interventions.

[ Estegent Tekeba,  Getachew Dinede,  Asmamaw Duressa and  Meron Moges. Isolation and Characterization Of Pathogenic Bacteria In Chickens Causing Morbidity and Mortality. Researcher 2017;9(9):38-43]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 6. doi:10.7537/marsrsj090917.06.

Key words: Bacterial pathogens, Chicken, Hawassa, Mortality, Morbidity

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[Researcher 2017;9(9):44-50]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7.

Withdrawn

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The Removal Of Some Organic Colourants In Aqueous Solutions Using Biomass And Activated Carbon Of Nipa Palm Fruit Fibre

Obosi, Ekemini, J., Osu, Charles I and Horsfall JNR, M.

Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt. P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

charsike@yahoo.com

Abstract: The removal of Bromophenol blue (BP), Congo red (CR) and Methyl Orange (MO) by biomass and carbonized carbon of nipa palm fruit fibre was investigated in the present study. Adsorption studies were carried out by batch experiments. The effect of initial colourant concentration and adsorbent dosage was explored. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm. The maximum percentage of colorant reduction using nipa palm fruit fibre biomass (NFB) was obtained at an optimum dose of 4.0 g removing 83.35% of BP from aqueous solution and at 5.0 g for MO and CR removing 49.50% and 44.69% respectively whereas adsorbent dosage using nipa palm fruit carbon (NFC) was quite poor in terms of percent removal of colourants. Using the correlation coefficient values, the data for nipa fruit biomass was fitted well to Freundlich model for CR and MO while the Langmuir model was best fit for BP, the data for fruit fibre carbon fitted well for CR, BP and MO confirming the monolayer coverage of the colourant on. The capability of these adsorbents to eliminate colourants from contaminated solutions makes them acceptable for colourant treatment from industrial effluent.

[Obosi, Ekemini, J., Osu, Charles I and Horsfall JNR, M.. The Removal Of Some Organic Colourants In Aqueous Solutions Using Biomass And Activated Carbon Of Nipa Palm Fruit Fibre . Researcher 2017;9(9):51-58]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 8. doi:10.7537/marsrsj090917.08.

Keywords: Removal; Organic Colourant; Aqueous Solution; Biomass; Activated Carbon; Nipa Palm Fruit Fibre

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Review on assessment of bovine tuberculosis and its associated risk factors for human health

Aklilu Biru, Misgana Duguma, Chala Mohammed, and Awel Hussein

Wollega University, College of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Ethiopia

Corresponding Author: Dr. Chala Mohammed, Wollega University, School of Veterinary Medicine,

P.O. Box: 395, Ethiopia. Tel: +251-913-11-5805.

chalamohammed@wollegauniversity.edu.et

Abstract: Bovine tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) and it is a worldwide problem. The genus Mycobacterium comprises more many species of mycobacterium that occur in the environment and are rarely associated with disease in humans or animals. Transmission of M. bovis can occur between animals, from animals to humans and vice versa and rarely, between humans. Transmission to humans is mostly through air droplets, consumption of unpasteurized milk and milk products and raw and improper cooked meat. Risk groups are elders, children, immunocompromised individuals, dairy workers and butchers and vulnerable people gathered together like prisons; homeless shelters and medical providers. Clinical symptoms may include chest pain and a prolonged cough producing sputum in humans. It is difficult to diagnose TB particularly in the early stages. The test used for TB in humans is similar in mechanism and function to the skin test used on cattle. Microscopic examination is an important laboratory diagnosis. Immunoassays are used for the confirmation of tuberculin screening skin test. Molecular diagnostic techniques are very important to identify the strain of the species. Treatment of TB should be early and the drugs should be taken properly. BTB can be controlled by test-and-slaughter or test-and-segregation methods. Affected herds must be re-tested periodically to eliminate cattle that may shed the organism and tuberculin test is generally used. Animals that have been in contact with reactors should be traced back. Raw milk and meat consumption is very common in Guto Gidda District especially in rural kebeles and sharing the same shelter with cattle. Human tuberculosis can prevented through consumption of pasteurized milk and milk products and proper cooked meat.

[Aklilu Biru, Misgana Duguma, Chala Mohammed, and Awel Hussein. Review on assessment of bovine tuberculosis and its associated risk factors for human health. Researcher 2017;9(9):59-71]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 9. doi:10.7537/marsrsj090917.09.

Key words: Bovine, Human, Transmission, Tuberculosis

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Traditional Herbal Use and Combination with Orthodox Medicine for Health Care Management in Ibadan, South-western Nigeria.

Ogunsola, O.K and Egbewale, S.O

Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

Ogunsola.okay@gmail.com; +2347065335148

Abstract: This present study examines the use of traditional herbs and combination with orthodox medicine through the use of interview and well structured questionnaires among 104 respondents in Ibadan, South-western Nigeria. Major findings include; (1) 85% of the respondents agreed to the use of herbs and related products. The high dependency on herbal medicine is linked to its relative affordability, acclaimed efficacy and perceived safety by users. (2) 50% of respondents consented to combining herbs and orthodox medicine to aid or accelerate recovery. The rise in the prevalence of chronic diseases, high costs of treatments and unlikely cure has led not only to increase in herbs’ patronage but also combination with conventional medicine for health care delivery in this area. The search for cure by all means has led to partial dependency on what conventional medicine has to offer. (3) Occupation was found to significantly influence level of herbal usage and its combination with orthodox medicine. Considering the Minimum wage (Salary) of average Nigerian worker #18,000 (about $50), it is therefore suffice to know why the majority of the populace have embraced the consumption of herbal products which are relatively considered cheap, affordable and not unreachable. Our observations therefore underscore the importance of traditional medicine as a subsystem of the health delivery.

[Ogunsola, O.K and Egbewale, S.O. Traditional Herbal Use and Combination with Orthodox Medicine for Health Care Management in Ibadan, South-western Nigeria.. Researcher 2017;9(9):72-77]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 10. doi:10.7537/marsrsj090917.10.

Keywords: Herbs; orthodox medicine; combination; occupation; Nigeria.

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Preference Of Nesting Material By Village Weaver Birds (Ploceus Cucullatus) In University Of Port Harcourt, Nigeria

¹ Efenakpo, O. D., ¹ Ijeomah, H. M. And ² Bunza, M. S.

¹ Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Port Harcourt, P. M. B. 5323 Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

² Department of Forestry and Environment, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, P. M.B 2346 Sokoto, Nigeria.

ogaga.efenakpo@uniport.edu.ng

Abstract: The destructive nesting and feeding behaviour of Village Weavers is worrisome due to the detrimental nature to both agricultural production and scenic beauty of many environments. Preference of nesting material by Village Weaver birds (Ploceus cucullatus) in University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria was therefore studied from 2^nd January to 31^st March, 2017, using on-site surveys and observations, with the aim of investigating the nesting materials, colony size and spatial distribution of the species’ nest in the University of Port Harcourt. Data obtained were presented in frequency of counts and maps. Results showed that a total of 23 trees of 9 species from eight families were colonized by Village Weavers and these trees had a cumulative number of 1414 active nests. Mangifera indica (576) was the most colonized tree species, followed by Terminalia mantaly (285) and Casuarina equisetifolia (272) while Dypsis lutescens (12) had the least numbers of nests. Twenty out of the twenty three trees used for nest support were in Human – inhabited areas. Materials for nest - building were sourced from a total of 20 plant species. The leaves and inflorescence were the parts of plants mostly used for nest – making. The survey showed that Village Weaver can use many plant species for nesting and nest support and preferred human – inhabited area as for location. The use of plant species by Village Weavers is based on availability, however preference is made in the presence of many species. Mangifera indica is the most preferred nest – building support in Abuja campus, Casuarina equisetifolia in Choba campus and Terminalia mantaly at Delta campus. Some plant species such as Azadirachta indica (50%) and Terminalia catappa (24.07%) were neither used for nest building nor support by Ploceus Cucullatus but used for roosting. Village Weaver is a generalist feeder and highly adaptive –the species can share nest support with other species of bird.

[ Efenakpo, O. D., Ijeomah, H. M. And  Bunza, M. S.. Preference Of Nesting Material By Village Weaver Birds (Ploceus Cucullatus) In University Of Port Harcourt, Nigeria . Researcher 2017;9(9):78-85]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 11. doi:10.7537/marsrsj090917.11.

Keywords: Aves, Nest, Ornithology, Trees, Vermin control

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Research Relationship Between Internal Audit And Tax Gap

^1-Hamid Ranjbar Jamalabadi (corresponding author)

Department of Accounting, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.

Department of accounting, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran.

^2-Alireza Pahlavan Hanzaee, Department of accounting ،science and research branch،islamic azad university yazd، iran.

^3-Fakhroddin Khamesi Hamaneh, Department of accounting ،science and research branch،islamic azad university yazd، iran.

mohsen8203934@yahoo.com

Abstract: The historical background of the corporate governance dates back to the 1990s when major financial corruptions occurred in some of the largest enterprises. Corporate governance is a set of functions, mechanisms and policies seeking for the better direction of the managers and achievement of responsiveness, transparency, justice and stakeholders’ right (including government). The present study is classified as a correlation-descriptive study and the theoretical data are gathered from the library studies. The required data is collected from the stock exchange and the related financial reports. The sample is composed of 58 listed firms on the Tehran Stock Exchange during a period covering the years from 2006 to 2010. The findings revealed that the percentage of the non-executive board members has no impact on reducing the tax gap.

[Hamid Ranjbar Jamalabadi. Research Relationship Between Internal Audit And Tax Gap. Researcher 2017;9(9):86-89]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 12. doi:10.7537/marsrsj090917.12.

Keywords: Tehran Stock Exchange, Final Tax, Non Executive Members of the Board, Tax Gap

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Analysis of Emotional Intelligence

Orazanbox

Islamic Azad University, Iran

orazanbox@gmail.com

Abstract: This article is an analysis of emotional intelligence and analysis purposes topics emotional intelligence and emotional intelligence, characteristics of people who have high emotional intelligence? How to increase your emotional intelligence? The relationship between social adjustment and emotional intelligence, relationship management and leadership and emotional intelligence and marital relationship is examined At the end of the conclusion of why emotional intelligence and foster growth and it is important that we have discussed.

[Orazanbox. Analysis of Emotional Intelligence. Researcher 2017;9(9):90-98]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 13. doi:10.7537/marsrsj090917.13.

Keywords: Analysis; Emotional; Intelligence

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