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Theoretical Computation of Electron Critical Temperature of Metals based on Bardeen, Cooper Schriffer (BCS) Theory using Free Electron Approximation

G.E. Adesakin¹, T.H. Akande¹, O.G.Edema², F.O. Ogunlana³, O. O. Olusola³, O.D. Afe¹, O.A. Fasiku¹, Agbetuyi Oluranti Adegoke¹ and Faruq Oyediran¹

¹Department of Physics, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

²Department of Physical Sciences, Federal Polytechnic, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria

³Department of Physics, Bamidele Olumilua University of Education, Science and Technology, Ikere Ekiti, Nigeria

G-mail of corresponding author: adesakingbenga@gmail.com

Abstract: In this paper, we apply Bardeen-Copper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory to the critical temperature of electron in metal using the theory of free electron approximation. The result obtained shows a good agreement between the computed and theoretically obtained experimental value for the electron critical temperature of metal. This agreement shows that free electron theory is useful in the study of some properties of metals.  The parameter relating compression to elongation in the direction of applied strain is taking into consideration during the computation. Result obtained revealed that electron critical temperature depend on density of valence electron in metals. Most of the metals whose electron critical temperature were computed and studied have their electron concentrated in the region of high density limit than the low density limit. This suggest that the higher the density of valence electron in metals the higher the magnitude of intermolecular force of attraction between the electrons in metal and the higher the critical temperature of the electron in the metal. The critical temperature of electron in metal decreases as strain increases. This may be due to reduction in the magnitude of intermolecular force of attraction between the electrons in the metal as strain increases. The noble and transition metals has high electron critical temperature than alkaline metals when subjected to different strain. These may be due to the polyvalent nature of their valence electron and the electron bond scattering coefficient.

[G.E. Adesakin, T.H. Akande, O.G.Edema, F.O. Ogunlana, O. O. Olusola, O.D. Afe, O.A. Fasiku, Agbetuyi Oluranti Adegoke and Faruq Oyediran. Theoretical Computation of Electron Critical Temperature of Metals based on Bardeen, Cooper Schriffer (BCS) Theory using Free Electron Approximation. N Y Sci J 2024;17(5):1-9]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 01. doi:10.7537/marsnys170524.01.

Keywords: Critical Temperature, Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS), Strain, Superconductivity, Ginzburg-Landau theory, Free Electron Theory, poison ratio, electronic concentration, deformation

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STUDY ON THE DOCETAXEL AND ITS SIDE EFFECT

* Pankaj Kumar and **Dr. Dhirendra Babji Sanghai

¹Research Scholar, Department of Pharmacy, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

²Professor, Department of Journalism and Pharmacy, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: pnkjpatel6@gmail.com

Abstract: One of the main concerns that oncologists have in the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is the possibility of the negative interactions of nutritional supplements with chemotherapy, causing reduced effectiveness of the cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to search commonly used databases and look for actual research data (in vitro, in vivo, or human studies) that document any interactions (positive or negative) of nutritional supplements with docetaxel, a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug. The search revealed 24 articles that document interaction with docetaxel and certain nutritional supplements such as L-glutamine, fi sh oil, vitamin D, garlic, black cohosh, and others. Twenty-two of the studies documented some benefi t in the combined use in terms of improving the apoptotic and cytotoxic effects of docetaxel on the tumors as well as reducting the toxicity and side effects involved in the use of docetaxel. From the current search, it seems as if more evidence supports the combined use of certain nutritional supplements with docetaxel in terms of benefi cial effects. On the other hand, one needs to be cautious as well as certain supplements can have a negative effect, such as reducing the effectiveness of the drug. There is a dire need to further evaluate the negative and positive interactions of nutritional supplements and chemotherapeutic drugs.

[Kumar, P. and Sanghai, D.B. STUDY ON THE DOCETAXEL AND ITS SIDE EFFECT. N Y Sci J 2024;17(5):10-15]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 02. doi:10.7537/marsnys170524.02.

Keywords: alternative medicine, cancer care, complementary medicine, docetaxel, herb–drug interaction, integrative medicine, integrative oncology, medicinal herbs, nutritional supplements

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STUDY ON NATURAL HERBAL MEDICINAL SUBSTANCES IN KIDNEY DISEASES

*Abhishek and **Dr. Shirbhate Manoj Prabhakar

¹Research Scholar, Department of Pharmacy, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

²Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacy, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: abhiy24@rediffmail.com

Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a leading cause of life lost worldwide (Chen et al., 2019). The contributing factors to progression of CKD include parenchymal cell loss, chronic inflammation, fibrosis and reduced regenerative capacity of kidney (Ruiz-Ortega et al., 2020). The complications of CKD, e.g. anemia, are associated with increased risks of death (Fishbane and Spinowitz, 2018). The prevalence and mortality of CKD are rapidly increasing, illustrating the shortcomings of current therapeutic approaches. Research aiming to identify novel therapies for CKD is required to prevent disease progression and to prevent death. In recent years, herbal medicine has demonstrated its potential as an alternative therapy to treat numerous diseases, and which is attracting greater attention and being applied to control CKD. However, some of herbal medicines have been found to be nephrotoxic when incorrectly utilized. Thus, the proper usage of herbal medicine is necessary to avoid the nephrotoxicity. The goal of this research topic is to provide a forum to advance research of herbal medicine towards CKD therapies. Thirty-seven contributions covering the listed research topics have been submitted to this special issue.

[Abhishek and Prabhakar, S.M. STUDY ON NATURAL HERBAL MEDICINAL SUBSTANCES IN KIDNEY DISEASES. N Y Sci J 2024;17(5):16-20]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 03. doi:10.7537/marsnys170524.03.

Keywords: HERBAL MEDICINAL SUBSTANCES, KIDNEY DISEASES, URIC ACID

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Testing the Effectiveness of Using a Clustering Algorithm to Label Datasets

Ashwag Maghraby, Fawaz AlBatati

College of Computers, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

aomaghraby@uqu.edu.sa , s44280427@st.uqu.edu.sa

Abstract: Big Data is generated in huge quantities and at tremendous speeds, and the vast majority of this big data is unlabeled datasets, unlike labeled datasets, which are very few and limited. The labeled dataset is organized and formatted which makes it easier to search and analyze. In contrast, an unlabeled dataset has no explanation, label, tag, class, or name for the features which makes it more difficult to process and analyses. For many researchers performing analytics on such Unlabeled vast data become challenging. This paper studied the effectiveness of utilizing a Clustering Algorithm Technique such as K-Medoids, K-Means, and Hierarchical to convert unlabeled datasets into a labeled form. The experiment results showed that the K-Medoids algorithm's performance is the best, followed by the Hierarchical algorithm and the K-Means algorithm, which are close in performance with a relative preference for the Hierarchical algorithm.

[Ashwag Maghraby, Fawaz AlBatati. Testing the Effectiveness of Using a Clustering Algorithm to Label Datasets. N Y Sci J 2024;17(5):21-31]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 04. doi:10.7537/marsnys170524.04.

Keywords: Unsupervised Learning; Clustering Algorithm; Unlabeled data; labeling datasets

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MODERN COMPUTING: VISION AND CHALLENGES

Dr. Vivek Kumar

Assistant Professor In Computer Science, Hari College of Management, Hindon Bridge, Dehradun Road, Gagalheri- 247669, Saharanpur (Uttar Pradesh)

viveks865@gmail.com

Abstract: Over the past six decades, the computing systems field has experienced significant transformations, profoundly impacting society with transformational developments, such as the Internet and the commodification of computing. Underpinned by technological advancements, computer systems, far from being static, have been continuously evolving and adapting to cover multifaceted societal niches. This has led to new paradigms such as cloud, fog, edge computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT), which offer fresh economic and creative opportunities. Nevertheless, this rapid change poses complex research challenges, especially in maximizing potential and enhancing functionality. As such, to maintain an economical level of performance that meets ever-tighter requirements, one must understand the drivers of new model emergence and expansion, and how contemporary challenges differ from past ones. To that end, this article investigates and assesses the factors influencing the evolution of computing systems, covering established systems and architectures as well as newer developments, such as serverless computing, quantum computing, and on-device AI on edge devices. Trends emerge when one traces technological trajectory, which includes the rapid obsolescence of frameworks due to business and technical constraints, a move towards specialized systems and models, and varying approaches to centralized and decentralized control. This comprehensive review of modern computing systems looks ahead to the future of research in the field, highlighting key challenges and emerging trends, and underscoring their importance in cost-effectively driving technological progress.

[Kumar, V. MODERN COMPUTING: VISION AND CHALLENGES. N Y Sci J 2024;17(5):32-35]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 05. doi:10.7537/marsnys170524.05.

Keywords: Modern Computer, Vision, Types, Challenges

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