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Parameters Related to Decline the Population of House Sparrow, Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Indian Subcontinent

*Rachana Swami and ** Dr. Mukesh Kumar

**Research Scholar, Department of Zoology, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

* Associate Professor, Department of Zoology, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: rachanaswami06920@gmail.com

Abstract: The population of house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in India has shown a declining trend in recent decades. In many places like Punjab, Haryana, West Bengal, Bangalore etc a very sharp decline has been observed by ornithologist. The species has shown a conservation concern in its native ranges. According to a recent study by Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) the house Sparrow population in Andhra Pradesh has reduced up to 88% and in other states like Kerala, Gujarat, Rajasthan it has dropped down up to 20%. In coastal areas of India the population has tremendously dropped to 70 to 80%. The main cause of decline of this species remains unidentified but it is believed the unavailability of nests because of modernization, constructions, and deforestation can lead to their decline. The other auses might also include rapid use of insecticides, competition with other species etc. Modern houses do not leave any space for the species to build their nests but in past few years artificial nest boxes are promoted like wooden nest boxes, shoes boxes as nests or earthen pots as nests, which give house sparrows an alternative to live in. The sparrows in India are endangered and still battling to reclaim their niche in their historical habitat range. In the global identification of the status of the species according to IUCN Red List, it is categorised as ‘Least Concern’ (a species evaluated as not being the focus of conservation). The global count of the species is on a decreasing trend, which indicates gradual degradation of the habitat and ecosystem worldwide for the species,” said Saxena from IUCN.

[Swami, R. and Kumar, M. Parameters Related to Decline the Population of House Sparrow, Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Indian Subcontinent. N Y Sci J 2022;15(4):1-6] ISSN 1554-0200(print);ISSN 2375-723X (online) http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnys150422.01.

Keywords: House sparrow, Population, Decline, India

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Diversity status of Phytoplankton and Zooplankton local selected region

Ankita Sahu, Ram P. Yadav^* and Ajay Singh

Natural Products Laboratory

Department of Zoology

DDU, Gorakhpur University Gorakhpur-273009 (U.P.) INDIA

^*Corresponding Author: Ram P. Yadav

E-mail: rampratapy@rediffmail.com or rampratapy123@gmail.com

Abstract: The studies included the local habitat of Lake River and ponds, which are most important, share the habitat in local flora and fauna in eastern Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) India. The study was conducted to assess the mainly phytoplankton and zooplankton status of the Ramgarh lake, Maheshra tal, and Rapti river in Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India by examining the biological parameters. The most important planktonic group encountered in the present study was cyanophyceae, Bracillariophyceae and Zygnematophyceae genera which existed in the Ramgarh lake, Maheshra tal, and Rapti river water of the habitat. The study found that the members of protozoans group animal contribute 44 percent of the total zooplankton population during the year of the study period.

[Ankita Sahu, Ram P. Yadav and Ajay Singh. Diversity status of Phytoplankton and Zooplankton local selected region. N Y Sci J 2022;15(4):7-18] ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online) http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnys150422.02.

Keywords: Plankton, Limnological, Seasonal change, Water quality

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Improvement of technology developing pedagogical responsibility for future teachers

Nasibahon Abdullaeva Jurahanovna ¹ Abdurakhmonov Botirjon Mirzamahmudovich ²

^1. Head of General Pedagogy department, Andijan state University, Uzbekistan

^2. Department of Geography, Namangan state University, Uychi street 160136, Uzbekistan

Botu76@mail.ru

Abstract: the article is about a type of pedagogical responsibility specific to prospective students, and general suggestions for learning about it. At the same time, there are brief notes on the teacher's behavior. From now on, the responsibilities of future teachers have been analyzed through technology examples.

[Abdullaeva N. Abdurakhmonov B. Improvement of technology developing pedagogical responsibility for future teachers. N Y Sci J 2022;15(4):19-23] ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online) http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnys150422.03.

Keywords: teacher, pedagogical responsibility, behavior, profession, pedagogical service, qualified specialty, innovative program

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Review Of Literature On Variability Of Various Characteristics Of Mughal Period (1707-1857)

Dr. Jayveer Singh and Pushplata Chaturvedi

*Associate Professor, Department of History, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

**Research Scholar, Department of History, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

e-mail: pushplata2006@gmail.com

Abstract: The Mughal Empire at its zenith commanded resources unprecedented in Indian history and covered almost the entire subcontinent. From 1556 to 1707, during the heyday of its fabulous wealth and glory, the Mughal Empire was a fairly efficient and centralized organization, with a vast complex of personnel, money, and information dedicated to the service of the emperor and his nobility.Much of the empire’s expansion during that period was attributable to India’s growing commercial and cultural contact with the outside world. The 16th and 17th centuries brought the establishment and expansion of European and non-European trading organizations in the subcontinent, principally for the procurement of Indian goods in demand abroad. Indian regions drew close to each other by means of an enhanced overland and coastal trading network, significantly augmenting the internal surplus of precious metals. With expanded connections to the wider world came also new ideologies and technologies to challenge and enrich the imperial edifice.

[Singh, J. and Chaturvedi, P. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON VARIABILITY OF VARIOUS CHARACTERISTICS OF MUGHAL PERIOD (1707-1857). N Y Sci J 2022;15(4):24-35] ISSN 1554-0200(print);ISSN 2375-723X (online) http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnys150422.04.

Keywords: REVIEW OF LITERATURE, VARIABILITY, CHARACTERISTICS, MUGHAL PERIOD (1707-1857)

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P. Nithya ¹,  Dr. P. Sumathi ²

¹Doctoral student in Computer Science, Manonmanaiam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli

²Assistant Professor, PG & Research Department of Computer Science, Govt. Arts College, Coimbatore.

E-mail:  nithi.selva@gmail.com  Mobile Number:+91-9944473870

Abstract: Nowadays, internet is a useful source of information in everyone’s daily activity. Hence, this made a huge development of World Wide Web in its quantity of interchange and its size and difficulty of websites. Web Usage Mining (WUM) is one of the main applications of data mining, artificial intelligence and so on to the web data and forecast the user’s visiting behaviors and obtains their interests by investigating the samples. Since WUM directly involves in large range of applications, such as, e-commerce, e-learning, Web analytics, information retrieval etc. Web log data is one of the major sources which contain all the information regarding the users visited links, browsing patterns, time spent on a particular page or link and this information can be used in several applications like adaptive web sites, modified services, customer summary, pre-fetching, generate attractive web sites etc. There are varieties of problems related with the existing web usage mining approaches. Existing web usage mining algorithms suffer from difficulty of practical applicability. So, a novel research is very much necessary for the accurate prediction of future performance of web users with rapid execution time. The main aim of this paper to remove the noise and web robots by novel approach and provide faster and easier data processing and it also helps in saving time and it resource. In this paper, a novel pre-processing technique is proposed by removing local and global noise and web robots. Anonymous Microsoft Web Dataset and MSNBC.com Anonymous Web Dataset are used for evaluating the proposed preprocessing technique. An Effective Web User Analysis and Clustering are analyzed using Modified FPCM. Then results are evaluated using Hit Rate and Execution time.

[P.Nithya,  Dr.P.Sumathi. Novel Modified FPCM for Web Log Mining by Removing Global Noise and Web Robots. N Y Sci J 2022;15(4):36-45] ISSN 1554-0200(print);ISSN 2375-723X (online) http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnys150422.05.

Keywords: Preprocessing, Data Cleaning. Modified Fuzzy Possibilistic C Means, Fuzzy C Means, Hit Rate, Execution Time.

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STUDY ON PARAMETERS RELATED TO Electrodeposition, Synthesis of ZnO nanowires through AAMs

*Sangeeta and **Dr. Vipin Kumar

*Research Scholar, Department of Physics, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

** Professor, Department of Physics, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: rao.sangeeta1993@gmail.com

Abstract: current vs time response for potentiostatic deposition of ZnO nanowires indicating four regions I, II, III and IV as explained earlier in the case of structure growth for CdS nanowires.  It is difficult to determine the end of the synthesis, because no constant current is observed. For this reason, it is preferable to use smaller deposition currents in order to decrease the deposition rate, facilitating control over the process. The crystallanity of electrodeposited ZnO nanowires was confirmed by XRD studies which were carried out using X-ray diffractometer (PW1710) with Cu-Kα (λ = 1.54Å) radiation. The scanning was done between 20 degrees and 60 degrees for 2 theta values. The typical 2θ and d-values for different planes in ZnO nanowires. X-Ray diffraction pattern of ZnO nanowires. Strong reflections corresponding to (100), (002), (101), (102) and (110) are observed indicating that ZnO nanowires were polycrystalline in nature. From the XRD it is clear that (101) plane is more crystalline phase and structure of ZnO is wurtzite. Laser induced pulse excitation method was used to study the PL spectra of ZnO nanowires. The decay signals (5) from the ZnO nanowires were recorded by digital storage oscilloscope and analysed using computer simulations to calculate emission wavelength of the nanowires. The emission wavelength of ZnO nanowires is found to be 590 nm (2.1 eV). In photoluminescence spectra, a strong peak at 590 nm in the visible region is observed. The visible emission at 590 nm corresponds to deep level emission due to defects. This defect related emission is attributed to the single ionized oxygen vacancy in ZnO, and it results from radiative recombination of electron related to oxygen vacancies and photogenerated holes (Vanheusden et al 1996). It is generally accepted that the defect related emission depends upon crystal quality –the better crystal quality enhances the UV-emission with reduction of the deep level emission (Umar et al 2006). In our case, the ZnO nanowires are polycrystalline in nature which shows that the appearance of visible peak at 590 nm in photoluminescence spectrum is consistent with the XRD investigations.

[Sangeeta and Kumar, V. STUDY ON PARAMETERS RELATED TO Electrodeposition, Synthesis of ZnO nanowires through AAMs. N Y Sci J 2022;15(4):46-52] ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online) http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnys150422.06.

Keywords: Electrodeposition, ZnO Nanowires, AAMs.

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