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Science Journal

 

 

New York Science Journal

 

(N Y Sci J)

ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online), doi prefix: 10.7537, Monthly

Volume 14 - Number 6 (Cumulated No. 148); June 25, 2021

Cover (jpg), Cover (pdf), Introduction, Contents, Call for Papers, ny1406

 
The following manuscripts are presented as online first for peer-review, starting from May 28, 2021. 
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CONTENTS  

No.

Titles / Authors /Abstracts

Full Text

No.

1

Temperature Control of a Steam Condenser using NARMA-L2 Controller

 

Mustefa Jibril, Messay Tadese, Nuriye Hassen

 

Msc, School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Dire Dawa Institute of Technology, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

mustefa.jibril@ddu.edu.et

 

Abstract: This paper investigates the outlet temperature control for the design of steam condenser. The comparison has been made for a step drop in the steam condenser temperature set point using MATLAB/Simulink environment for the steam condenser with NARMA-L2 using Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm and NARMA-L2 using Resilient Backpropagation Algorithm controllers. The steam condenser with NARMA-L2 using Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm controller presented excellent and superior dynamic performance in response to the temperature drop in settling time. The overall simulation results demonstrated that the steam condenser with NARMA-L2 using Levenberg-Marquardt Algorithm controller can be an efficient alternative to the steam condenser with NARMA-L2 using Resilient Backpropagation Algorithm controller.

[Kharkwal G, Mehrotra P, Rawat YS. Taxonomic Diversity of Understorey Vegetation in Kumaun Himalayan Forests. N Y Sci J 2021;14(6):1-6]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnys140621.01.

 

Keywords: Steam condenser, NARMA-L2, Levenberg-Marquardt, Resilient Backpropagation

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1

2

Comparison of a Nonlinear Magnetic Levitation Train Parameters using Mixed H 2 /H∞ and Model Reference Controllers

 

Mustefa Jibril, Mesay Tadese, Nuriye Hassen

 

Msc, School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Dire Dawa Institute of Technology, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

mustefa.jibril@ddu.edu.et

 

AbstractTo improve the riding performance and levitation stability of a high-speed magnetic levitation (maglev) train, a control strategy based on mixed H 2 /H∞ with regional pole placement and model-reference controllers are proposed. First, the nonlinear maglev train model is established, then the proposed system is designed to observe the movement of a suspension frame, and a control strategy based on mixed H 2 /H∞ with regional pole placement and model-reference control method are proposed. Test and analysis of the proposed system has been done using MATLAB toolbox for train levitation height, velocity and current consume. Comparative simulation results show that the mixed H 2 /H∞ with regional pole placement control strategy has a better performance under the condition of step and random train levitation height.

[Mustefa Jibril, Mesay Tadese, Nuriye Hassen. Comparison of a Nonlinear Magnetic Levitation Train Parameters using Mixed H 2 /H∞ and Model Reference Controllers. N Y Sci J 2021;14(6):7-15]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnys140621.02.

 

Keywords: Maglev train, Mixed H 2 /H∞ with regional pole placement, Model reference

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3

The Investigation of New Age Solar Absorption Air-Conditioner Systems

 

Ehsan Mehrabi Gohari

 

Department of Mechanics Engineering, Iran

mehrabigohariehsan@yahoo.com

 

Abstract: Many researchers have studied the solar absorption air conditioning system in order to make it economically and technically viable. An Air-Conditioner system utilizing solar energy would generally be more efficient, cost wise, if it was used to provide both heating and cooling requirements in the building it serves. But still, much more research in this area is needed. This paper will help many researchers working in this area and provide them with fundamental science on absorption systems, and a detailed review on the past efforts in the field of solar absorption cooling systems with the absorption pair of lithium-bromide and water. Various solar powered heating systems have been tested extensively, but solar powered air conditioning systems have received very little attention. Solar powered absorption cooling systems can serve both heating and cooling requirements in the building it serves. This science will help them to start the parametric study in order to investigate the effect of key parameters on the overall system performance.

[Ehsan Mehrabi Gohar. The Investigation of New Age Solar Absorption Air-Conditioner Systems. N Y Sci J 2021;14(6):16-21]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnys140621.03.

 

Keywords: solar absorption, Air-Conditioner systems, cooling systems, lithium-bromide

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4

Soft Skills: A Professional Development Curriculum to Enhance the Employability of Engineering Students

 

Ezhilan S1, Renuga M2

 

1. Professor of English, Jayam College of Engineering and Technology, Dharmapuri 636 813, TN, India Tel:+91 9443563888, E-Mail: profezhilan@gmail.com

 

 2. Professor of English and Head of Languages and Sciences, Sona College of Technology, Salem, TN, India Tel:+91 9843682314, E-Mail: mrenuravi@gmail.com

 

Abstract: The issue of employability of engineering students has become very serious in many countries including India. Employers are demanding employees that are able to transform knowledge and skills learnt in successful workplace and they are concerned about soft skills. Though the standard of academia has been steadily moving ahead, the updating process of curriculum with respect to soft skills is not as fast as expected by the industries. The authors survey the essential features of soft skills that need to be modified in the curricula of engineering, pedagogy, role of the teachers and evaluation with the perspective of the industries.

[Ezhilan S, Renuga M. Soft Skills: A Professional Development Curriculum to Enhance the Employability of Engineering Students. Life Sci J 2021.14(6):22-39](ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnys140621.04.

 

Keywords: soft skills, employability, curriculum, training, evaluation

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4

5

Sheet fracture prediction in multi-point deep drawing process using ductile fracture criteria

 

1Babak Beglarzadeh, 2Behnam Davoodi

 

1Department of Mechanical of Engineering ,Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad university, Tehran, Iran

2Department of Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

 

AbstractMulti-point forming is a flexible manufacturing method for 3-D surfaces. It’s basic idea is to divide an entire die into many punches which can be arranged and adjusted precisely. These punches constitute a “configurable multi-point die”. due to the deep drawing process of sheet metal forming methods most used in various industries, In this paper the procedure of multi-point forming for deep drawing of sheet metal parts has been studied and the forming mechanism proposed in the experimental and finite element simulation has been reviewed. In view of the widespread use of aluminum alloy AA2024 in the Aerospace Industry, this alloy sheet material has been used  for testing and forming parts in various conditions. Common flaws with the process suggested by conventional deep drawing process and those of this specific method potential has been identified and appropriate strategies to address these deficiencies has been provided. Ductile fracture criteria are used for predicting the tearing of sheet. In addition, the influence of forming parameters such as the material and the thickness of the elastic layer, Sheet material etc, on the process, defects and the final quality of the formed parts will be studied. The results show that deep drawing process with multi-point die is a flexibale procedure compared with conventional deep drawing process. This method can be formed more complex profiles with multiple pins and elastic layer while it is not possible in conventional deep drawing. In this procedure, by increasing the stiffness of  the polyurethane layer, blank-holder force increases and the amount of dimples reduced. In general, in this method, with increasing of  polyurethane layer stiffness, drawing depth of the  workpiece increases. Based on the ductile fracture criteria such as Cockroft - Lathm and Clift, the elements that related to the Clift criteria, rupture earlier.

[Babak Beglarzadeh, Behnam Davoodi. Sheet fracture prediction in multi-point deep drawing process using ductile fracture criteria. Life Sci J 2021.14(6):40-46] (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite.com. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnys140621.05.

 

Keywords: finite element simulation, deep drawing, sheet parts, multi point forming, ductile fracture criteria.

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5

6

Spatial and Structural Features of Domes in the Iranian Architecture

 

Alireza Sahraeian, Arsalan Korooni

 

Master of Architecture, Bam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bam, Iran

 

AbstractDome is an Iranian construct to which various issues such as their emergence and distinction from domes constructed in other countries, forms difference, process and structural systems, construct resistance, and theoretical bases pertaining to the origin of magnificence and beauty have been allocated. This paper aims at investigating briefly the physical form and its effect on recognition of different domes and studying Iranian domes in terms of structure and presenting case examples among traditional domes in Iran and the impact of developments on construct design and implementation in the Iranian domes. In the end, it regards domes as an example of Iranian Islamic art in the Iranian traditional architecture arena and it has endeavored to take a stride, even short, in preserving and introducing the embodiment of magnificence and preventing it from fading into oblivion.

[Alireza Sahraeian, Arsalan Korooni. Spatial and Structural Features of Domes in the Iranian Architecture. Life Sci J 2021.14(6):47-58] (ISSN:1097-8135). 10.7537/marsnys140621.06. 6. doihttp://www.lifesciencesite.com.

 

Key words: Iranian architecture, dome, physical form, domes structure.

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7

Water Quality and Macroinvertebrates Assessment of Hadejia–Nguru Wetlands in Jigawa and Yobe States, Nigeria.

*1Bate, Garba Barde and 2George Ubong Uwem

*1 Department of Environmental Science, Federal University Dutse, Jigawa state, Nigeria

2Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, Akwa Ibom State University, Obio Akpa Campus, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Email: bategarba@yahoo.com

 

AbstractArithmetic water quality index and Macroinvertebrates’ family biotic index of Hadejia–Nguru wetlands in Jigawa and Yobe states of Nigeria were determined. Four sampling locations labeled L1, L2, L3 and L4 and a control location labeled LC were chosen. Water samples were collected using plastic containers that were washed with water and detergent, soaked in 10% HNO3 while Macroinvertebrates were collected using a Van Veen grab sampler. Temperature, pH, DO and Electrical conductivity were measured in–situ using a Seabird Scientific Hydrocycle (DS5X) portable meter while total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, BOD5, Sulphate, Nitrates, Ca and Mg were determined using standard methods. Macroinvertebrates were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level using identification keys. Analysis of variance was used to compute the differences in physicochemical parameters and macroinvertebrates’ values among sampling locations. The results obtained for physicochemical parameters showed highest and lowest pH as 6.63±0.41and 5.08 ± 0.76 in LC and L1 respectively, DO levels were lowest (4.50 ± 0.51 mg/l) in L1 and highest (5.28±0.37 mg/l) in LC while highest and lowest BOD levels were 7.64 ± 1.67 mg/l and 5.85±1.59 in L4 and LC respectively. The physicochemical parameters generally exceeded the WHO limits with control location having lower measurements though there was no significant difference (P>0.05). A total of 329 individual macroinvertebrates were identified in all the sampling locations belonging to three phyla, five classes, 10 orders and 13 families with different pollution tolerance levels. The weighted Arithmetic water quality index showed an order: L1>L2>L3>L4>LC with the highest and lowest being 6507.15 and 936.96 respectively while the macroinvertebrates’ family biotic index followed same pattern with the highest (5.56) in L1 and lowest (4.49) in LC indicating high degree of organic contamination making the water unfit for human use.

[Bate, Garba Barde and George Ubong Uwem, Water Quality and Macroinvertebrates Assessment of Hadejia–Nguru Wetlands in Jigawa and Yobe States, Nigeria. N Y Sci J 2021;14(6):59-66]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print);  ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.   7. doi:10.7537/marsnys140621.07.

 

Keywords: Hadejia–Nguru wetlands, Water quality index, Ramsar site, Macroinvertebrates, Family biotic index, Physicochemical parameters

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The manuscripts in this issue were presented as online first for peer-review, starting from May 28, 2021. 

 All comments are welcome: newyorksci@sciencepub.net.

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