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Reproductive outcome of septate uterus following hysteroscopic septum rescission

Ehab Hasanen Mohamed, Abd Almonsef Abd Alhamid Sedik and Mohamed Mohamed Hassan Daif

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

dr_daif@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective: to evaluate the reproductive outcome following hysteroscopic Septumresection in patients with septate uterus complicated by recurrent pregnant loss, infertility and bad obstetric history. Study Design Reproductive Outcome: Material and Method hysteroscopic Septum resection was Performed on 26 patients with history of either recurrent pregnant loss, BOH or, infertility. The Septum Resection Was Performed using monopolar system. Reproductive Performing Of these patients after system resecting was analysed; the main outcome measures were clinical pregnancy at live birth rate. Results: There was significant change in the results after, as (88, 46%) patients become pregnant, of them3/23 (13, 04%) had habitual abortion, 2 patients (4, 34%) ended in preterm labour. 14/23 (60, 86%) had reached to term delivery with a total pregnancy loss of 5/23 (21, 73%) and pregnancy complication Occurred in of 5/23 (2 l, 73%). These result represent a statistically significant difference (P< 0.05), the mean gestational age, the mean neonatal weight at delivery Were significantly improved after hysteroscopicmetroplasty (P<0,05). There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications, and complete removed of the septum was achieved in 21 patients (80, 67), a residual ‘. septum was found in 5 'women (19, 23), and a 2nd intervention was done in only 2 patients (7,69) with a residual septum > 1cm using office hysteroscopy. Conclusion: metreoplasty in infertile women with septate uterus is effective and safe procedure with a subsequent pregnancy rate of (55.88%) and a life birth rate of (64.7%).

[Ehab Hasanen Mohamed, Abd Almonsef Abd Alhamid Sedik and Mohamed Mohamed Hassan Daif. Reproductive outcome of septate uterus following hysteroscopic septum rescission. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):1-6]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.01.

Keywords: Reproductive; outcome; septate; uterus; hysteroscopic; septum; rescission

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Clinical Comparative Study Of The Effects Of Intravenous Ondansetron And Granisetron On Hemodynamic Changes, Shivering, And Motor & Sensory Blockade Induced By Spinal Anesthesia In Women Undergoing Cesarean Section.

Mostafa Abu Bakr Megahed, Anis Mekhaimer Abdel Hady, Alaa El Deen Mahmoud Sayed and Mohamed Ali Mohamed.

¹Department of Anesthesiology and intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

² Department of Obstetrics and gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

sasa.elshewy@yahoo.com, alaa.deen.1965@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Spinal anesthesia avoids the risks involved in managing the airway of the parturient. Hypotension, shivering, nausea and vomiting are frequent risks in patients undergoing cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia, Prophylactic intravenous (i.v.) administration of serotonin receptor antagonists such as ondansetron and granisetron has been used to overcome this problems. Objective: This study evaluate the efficacy of intravenous ondansetron and granisetron on hemodynamics, shivering and motor & sensory block in pregnant female undergoing elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Patient and Method: Sixty patients were assigned to three equal groups, group A received 4mg Ondansetron, group B received 1mg Granisetron and group C (control group) received 10ml normal saline 5min before spinal anesthesia. The incidence of hypotension, bradycardia, ECG changes, SaO2 changes, shivering, nausea and vomiting were recorded at baseline monitoring, intraoperative and postoperative. Also propagation and regression of motor and sensory block were assessed. Results: As regard mean arterial blood pressure, there was significant decrease in group C in comparison with group A & B. As regard incidence of shivering, nausea and vomiting there was significant difference between group C and both groups A & B, also there was significant difference as regard faster time to regression of sensory block in group B in comparison with group A & C. Conclusion: In pregnant females undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, prophylactic intravenous administration of 4mg ondansetron or 1mg granisetron 5min before induction of spinal anesthesia will be significantly reduce the severity of spinal-induced hypotension and reduce the incidence of nausea, vomiting and shivering. Regression of sensory block faster with granisetron more than ondansetron and normal saline.

[Mostafa Abu Bakr Megahed, Anis Mekhaimer Abdel Hady, Alaa El Deen Mahmoud Sayed and Mohamed Ali Mohamed. Clinical Comparative Study Of The Effects Of Intravenous Ondansetron And Granisetron On Hemodynamic Changes, Shivering, And Motor & Sensory Blockade Induced By Spinal Anesthesia In Women Undergoing Cesarean Section. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):7-16]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.02.

Keywords: Cesarean section, ondansetron, granisetron, 5-HT3, spinal anesthesia.

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Effect of Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills on Auditory Function

Gehan Abd El-Rahman El-Zarea¹; Ali Abd–Eldaiem Ali¹; Mohamed Mohamed Frahat; Amr Mohamed Galal Arisha

¹Audiology –ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, AL-Azhar University, Egypt

²Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, AL-Azhar University, Egypt

Amrgalal1985@hotmail.com, Amrgalal_1985@yahoo.com

Abstract Background: A lot of contraceptive methods are used by women for birth control such as oral contraceptive pills, contraceptive patch, vaginal contraceptive ring, contraceptive injection and the intra uterine device. One of these methods is oral contraceptive pills which may be combined or single. Combined oral contraceptive pills (COCP) contain estrogen and progesterone hormones, these are like pregnancy hormones preventing fertilization from taking place. The aim: Hearing loss was observed in females who are using COCP, so this study was designed to explore the nature of auditory disorders in those females and to correlate the degree and configuration of hearing loss with the type and duration of COCP. Subjects & method: This study included 30 females who were using COCP and 15 control females. Participants underwent a full history taking, basic audiological evaluation, DPOAE and neuro-otological ABR. Results: 26% of the study group (8 females) had hearing loss and 20% had tinnitus (6 females). 6 females had SNHL and 2 had conductive hearing loss. Conclusion: 26% had hearing loss and 20% had tinnitus. No correlation between the duration of using COCP with hearing loss.

[Gehan Abd El-Rahman El-Zarea; Ali Abd–Eldaiem Ali; Mohamed Mohamed Frahat; Amr Mohamed Galal Arisha. Effect of Combined Oral Contraceptive Pills on Auditory Function. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):17-21]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.03.

Keywords: COCP, Hearing loss, Side effect, DPOAE, Tinnitus

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Efficacy And Safety Of Sugammadex In Reversing Nmb (Rocuronium) In Adults

Mahmoud Abd Elrahman El Sherbeny; Ehab Ahmed Abd Elrahman; Reda Khalil Kamal; Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed Abozena

Anesthesia and ICU Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

mohzena@hotmail.com

Abstract: Background And Objective: Sugammadex reverses neuromuscular blockade induced by aminosteroid agents by encapsulating these agents. This study designed to assess safety and efficacy of sugammadex in reversing rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade. Patients And Methods: One hundred ASA 1-2 patients aged 20 - 40 years scheduled for short elective surgery were allocated and divided into 5 equal groups (A, B, C, D and E). Rocuronium administered in a dosage of 0.6 mg / kg for patients of groups A, B, C and D, and administered in a dose of 1.2 mg/kg for the 5^th group (E). After surgery, neostigmine 50 mic/kg with atropine 0.015 mg/kg was administered on train-of-four (TOF) 0.2 for group A patients while sugammadex was administered in a dosage of 3 mg / kg on (TOF) 0.2 for group B patients. patients of group C and D received sugammadex on TOF 0.0 with PTC stimulation recorded in a dose of 3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg respectively. While the patients of the group E received sugammadex in a dose of 1.2 mg/kg on TOF 0.0 with PTC stimulation recorded. Times until recovery of T4/T1 ratios 0.9 were recorded. Results: Time between sugammadex administration until recovery of a TOF ratio of 0.9 was shorter for patients of group B than group A (mean [SD], 78. [16.75] seconds and 213.1 [48.8] seconds, respectively), which is highly significant. While patients of group C and D times were (126.8 [26.8] seconds and 84.78 [17.05] seconds respectively), also highly significant. patients of group E, time was 70.5[8.56]. No signs of recurarization, residual paralysis or associated serious adverse effects were observed for all patients. Conclusion: Sugammadex effectively and safely reverses a rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade significantly faster than neostigmine and in a reverse pattern (increasing the dose decreasing the time).

[Mahmoud Abd Elrahman El Sherbeny; Ehab Ahmed Abd Elrahman; Reda Khalil Kamal Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed Abozena. Efficacy and Safety of Sugammadex in Reversing NMB (Rocuronium) in Adults. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):22-29]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.04.

Keywords: Sugammadex; neostigmine; reoccurrence of neuromuscular block; reversal agent, residual paralysis, rocuronium, selective relaxant binding agent

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Production And Evaluation Of Breakfast Cereal Flakes Using Pre-Treated Millet Sorghum Flavoured With Coconut Milk

*Okafor D. C.¹; Ijioma B.² Onyeka E. U.¹; Ibeabuchi J. C.¹; Obi, P.N.³; Eluchie, C.N.¹ Ofoedu C. E.¹ and Chukudobe K. C¹

¹Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, P. M. B. 1526 Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

²Department of Biology, Alvan Ikoku Fedral Colledge of Education

³Department of curriculum and instruction, Alvan Ikoku Fedral Colledge of Education

Corresponding author: okafordamaris@gmail.com

Abstract: Breakfast cereals were produced from pre-treated grains of millets (Pennisetum americanum) and Sorghum (Sorghum bicolour L Moench), flavoured with coconut milk. The chemical composition and selected functional properties as affected by the treatment given were examined. The pre-treatment of the cereals was intended to improve the nutritional constituents of the grains as well as reduce anti-nutritional factors present in the grains. The ash contents, total dietary fiber, and moisture content showed a slight increase in the sprouted product as compared to the fermented ones. On the other hand, fermented products had higher contents of protein and fat compared to sprouted ones. Mixing of sorghum and millet gave products with higher water absorption capacity for both sprouted and fermented products. The coconut milk helped to mask the bland flavor of cereal grains as evidenced by the high sensory scores of the products in terms of aroma. In terms of overall acceptability, product from a mixture of sprouted sorghum and millet (SMS) had the highest (p=0.05) score of 7.4. It is better to use a mixture of grains in breakfast product production than to use single grain type.

[Okafor DC, Ijioma B, Onyeka EU, Ibeabuchi JC, Obi PN, Eluchie CN, Ofoedu CE. and Chukudobe KC. Production And Evaluation Of Breakfast Cereal Flakes Using Pre-Treated Millet Sorghum Flavoured With Coconut Milk. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):30-38]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.05.

Keywords: Coconut Milk, Breakfast Cereal Flakes, Physical properties, Proximate

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Forest fire in western Himalayas of India: A Review

¹Manmohan JR Dobriyal and ^2*Arvind Bijalwan

¹Dept. of Silviculture & Agroforestry, College of Forestry, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari, Gujarat, India

²Indian Institute of Forest Management (IIFM) Bhopal, M.P., India

*Author for correspondence, email: arvindbijalwan276@gmail.com

Abstract: Western Himalayas comprised different forest types from alpine forests to semi-evergreen, deciduous, sub-tropical broad-leaved hill forests, sub-tropical pine forests and sub-tropical montane temperate forests. Geographically it extends to J & K, HP, UK and hill part of Punjab & Haryana dominated by coniferous forest of chir pine. In UK and HP major fires have been noted in 1911, 1921, 1930, 1931, 1939, 1945, 1953, 1954, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1961, 1964, 1966, 1968, 1970, 1972, 1995, 1999, 2010, 2012 and 2016. Forest fires cause wide ranging adverse ecological, economic and social impacts. The major reasons of forest fire in the hilly region are high fire fuel material of dry Chirpine needles and dry leaf litter of other board leaved trees on the forest floor as Chirpine covers a significant (about16%) area under forest and every year encroaching the mixed species area due its hardy dominating nature as well as ban on green felling above 1000 mts elevation. There is scope to make the local community, NGOs, Community Based Organizations (CBOs) completely involved in the system to minimize the fire hazards. Van Panchayat is a unique model in the state of UK effectively managing forest since a long time but forest communities needs capacity building and to be acquainted with modern methods to combat forest fires. To convert the fire hazard Chirpine needle as a resource (raw material) for different uses through creation of Forest Self-Help Groups (FSHGs) or Forest Special purpose Vehicle (FSPV) with industrial linkage for its removal with the help of villagers to make the bio-briquette, compost or vermicompost, composite boards, panels and tiles etc. To check the spread of fire a proper fire Forecasting & warning system, modern fire fighting techniques for Early Forest Fire Detection Using Radio-Acoustic Sounding System, Doppler RADAR etc seem to be reasonable option. The awareness among local people and participatory approach or JFM committees can be a better solution. Further, Forest insurance policy (fire) can be an option for at least valuable forests by GOI and other measures suggested in the paper for forest fire control and management in western Himalaya.

[Manmohan JR Dobriyal and Arvind Bijalwan. Forest fire in western Himalayas of India: A Review. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):39-46]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.06.

Keywords: Forest fire, Western Himalaya, Chirpine, fuel, ecological, JFM, Van panchayat

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Comparative Study between Triggering Ovulation with Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Agonist versus Triggering Ovulation with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Abd El Moneim Mohamed Zakaria¹, Meky Abd El Moneim Ali², Abd El Monsef Abd El Hamed Sedek¹, Osama Labibe Mousa¹

¹Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

² Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

Dr_oss2091992@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine abnormality among women of reproductive age and is usually associated with oligo-ovulation/anovulation, obesity, and insulin resistance. Hypovitaminosis D may also be a primary factor in the initiation and development of PCOS. Aim of the Study: The aim of this work is to find out whether triggering ovulation with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist rather than with human chorionic gonadotropin in patients with polycystic ovaries would provide better result. As regards ovulation rate, the occurrence of luteal phase defect and the pregnancy rate. Patients and Methods: This was a prospective study done at infertility clinic in Gynecology & Obstetrics department of Imbaba General Hospital, Ministry of Health in Geza and El-Sayed Galal University hospital during the period from November 2015 to August 2016. The study included 80 infertile women who were diagnosed as having PCOS (30 patients from Imbaba general hospital & 50 patients from and EL-SAYED GALAL university hospital). Detailed history was taken and complete physical and local examinations were taken on all patients. Results: The present study revealed significant increase of pregnancy rate & ovulatory rate and decrease in luteal phase defect after administration of GnRH-agonist. Conclusion: This study suggests that using of GnRH to trigger ovulation after induction by clomiphene citrate in PCOS patients is a more physiological approach; this protocol will result in enhancement the ovarian function and improvement reproductive outcome. Recommendations: Using CC for induction of ovulation will overlap the short half life of GnRH agonist.

[Abd El Moneim Mohamed Zakaria, Meky Abd El Moneim Ali, Abd El Monsef Abd El Hamed Sedek, Osama Labibe Mousa. Comparative Study between Triggering Ovulation with Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Agonist versus Triggering Ovulation with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):47-56]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 7. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.07.

Key words: PCOS, ovulation, GnRH, reproductive age, oligo-ovulation, anovulation, Hypovitaminosis D

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Total knee replacement in genu valgum

H. Elbardesy; I. Mostafa A. Abu Senn; T. Abdelghaffar

Department of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, Alazhar University, Cairo, Egypt

elbardecy@hotmail.com

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to review results of total knee arthroplasty in patients with genu valgum deformity. The hypotheses were: (1) treatment of advanced and osteoarthritis and the deformity in the same sitting. (2) And avoids morbidity, particularly peroneal nerve palsy and flexion instability; and (3) Make a protocol for the sequence of lateral structures release and the proper approach (anterolateral or anteromedial) and the type of prosthesis (Posterior stabilizer with PCL sacrificing, CCK (Constrained Condylar Knee) or hinged (TKR). 25 cases operated for valgus angle from 10 to 45 degrees, in Grade one: anteromedial approach with PS implant and release of the postero lateral capsule and lateral collateral ligament, Grade two: anterolateral approach intraoperative selection of the prosthesis of either non constrained or constrained according to the instability intraoperativly, with soft tissue release by pie crust release of ITB, release of the posterolateral capsule, LCL and POP successively. Grade three the same like grade two but using constrained condylar knee or hinged knee in case of complete torn of the LCL.

[H. Elbardesy; I. Mostafa A. Abu Senn; T. Abdelghaffar. Total knee replacement in genu valgum. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):57-62]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.08.

Keywords: knee; replacement; genu valgum; peroneal nerve palsy

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FIFA V. U.S. Supreme Court: The Need of Changes in FIFA’s Behavior toward Local Courts.

Dr. Ammar Saeed Alrefaei S.J.D

Assistant Professor, Law Professor, Vice Dean College of Business (COB) - King Abdulaziz University, KSA.

ammar_alrefae@yahoo.com

Abstract: FIFA adopted a law that prohibited the use of courts of law to solve any dispute related to the soccer. Local federations and FIFA judicial committees have the jurisdiction over such disputes, and any appeal should be submitted exclusively to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS). Failure to obey this rule will cause sanctions from FIFA against violators and their local federations. This paper will discuss the potential outcomes of current lawsuit brought to U.S Courts that potentially will violate FIFA’s regulations. In this paper I will study the rules of FIFA and how FIFA handled similar situations in past.

[Ammar Saeed Alrefaei. FIFA V. U.S. Supreme Court: The Need of Changes in FIFA’s Behavior toward Local Courts. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):63-65]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.09.

Keyword: FIFA, Court of Arbitration for Sports (CAS), US Supreme Court, FIFA’s Regulations, Conflict of Laws

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Silica-scaled Synurophyceae and Chrysophyceae from Bagoé River (Côte d’Ivoire)

Amalan Sylvie N’DA¹*, Koffi KOMOɲ, Siaka BERTɹ, Essetchi Paul KOUAMÉLAN¹ and Valentin N’DOUBA¹

¹ Laboratory of hydrobiology, University Félix Houphouët Boigny, 22 BOX 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire

² Laboratory of botanic, University Félix Houphouët Boigny, 22 BOX 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire

sylvienda@yahoo.fr

Abstract: Synurophyceae and Chrysophyceae with silica scales from Bagoé River, in north of Côte d’Ivoire were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. 10 taxa were recorded, 5 belonging to the genera Mallomonas Perty, 4 Synura Ehrenberg emend. Korshikov, 1 Paraphysomonas De Saedeleer. All the taxa recorded are new to Côte d’Ivoire. The scale dimensions, biogeographical distribution and occurrence in Côte d’Ivoire are also given.

[Amalan Sylvie N’DA, Koffi KOMOÉ, Siaka BERTÉ, Essetchi Paul KOUAMÉLAN and Valentin N’DOUBA. Silica-scaled Synurophyceae and Chrysophyceae from Bagoé River (Côte d’Ivoire). N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):66-73]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.10.

Keywords: Synurophyceae; Chrysophyceae; Côte d’Ivoire; Bagoé River; silica scales

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Serum neopterin level in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus and its correlation with complement 3 and 4

Ahmed A. Abd Elshafy¹, Farag Khalil¹, Mohammad A. Khedr², Abdelwahab M Lottfy¹

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

²Department of Clinical Pathology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

Ahmed_eltabakh96@yahoo.com

Abstract: Introduction: Previous reports indicated that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus have significantly higher levels of serum neopterin. Aim: We aimed to study the role of serum neopterin level in assessment of SLE activity. Patients and Methods: Seventy five (75) subjects were enrolled. These included 30 patients with active SLE (group I), 30 patients with inactive SLE (group II), and 15 healthy control subjects (group III). Diagnosis of SLE based on presence of four or more than of these criterias including malar rash, discoid rash, photo sensitivity, oral ulceration, arthritis, serositis, kidney involvement, neurological disorders, haematological disorders, positive test for ANA and anti ds DNA. The SLE activity was assessed by SLE activity index. Serum complement 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4), and anti-double stranded DNA (anti-ds DNA) were measured for all subjects (n=75). as well the serum neopterin level measured in all subjects (n=75) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The mean age of included subjects was 18± 32 years, all subjects were females. Patients in groups I, II were matched for age and sex with subjects in group III. The mean values of serum neopterin in groups I, II and III were 33.9 ng/ml, 3.45 ng/ml and 1.95 ng/ml respectively. Patients with active SLE have significantly higher neopterin levels compared with inactive SLE patients (P < 0.001). Moreover inactive SLE patients have significantly higher neopterin levels than healthy control subjects (0.001). Although serum neopterin had significant negative correlation with C3, it had significant positive correlation with SLE activity index and 24 hours urinary protein (P< 0.001). Conclusion: Serum neopterin can segregate patients with active SLE. Serum neopterin measurement may help in assessment of SLE activity and progression. Moreover it may judge the efficacy of SLE treatment.

[Ahmed A. Abd Elshafy, Farag Khalil, Mohammad A. Khedr, Abdelwahab M Lottfy. Serum neopterin level in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus and its correlation with complement 3 and 4. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):74-82]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 11. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.11.

Keywords: Serum; neopterin; patient; systemic lupus; erythematosus; complement

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Zinc Nutrition and Allied Deficiency Syndrome

Akefe, I.O., ¹ Ayo, J.O, ¹ Yusuf, I.L ²

^1. Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria

^2. Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, University of Maiduguri，Maiduguri, Nigeria

akefeisaac@yahoo.com, 08034986335, 08156353662

Abstract: Zinc (Zn) is a divalent cation and essential trace element with manifold biochemical and physiological functions. It is abundantly required for the activity of over 300 enzymes, and partakes in many enzymatic, metabolic and neuromodulatory functions in the body. Zn is an indispensable component of DNA-binding proteins and is involved in antioxidant defence and DNA repair. Specific and non-specific neuronal carriers afford Zn entry into central neurones, where the metal ion accumulates in synaptic vesicles. The systemic level of Zn distribution is closely regulated with physiological concentration maintained within the range of 10-20 mM. Cellular and sub-cellular homeostasis is achieved via complex regulation of uptake, distribution, storage, and efflux, in which ZnT and ZIP transporters play primary roles. Zn plays major roles in ion channel modulation, signalling, inhibition of bone loss, anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation. Symptoms associated with Zn deficiency include impairment of prenatal and antenatal growth and development, neuropsychological performance, diarrhoea, pneumonia, infertility and cancer. Measurement of plasma Zn concentration is essential for diagnosis as less than 50 μg/dl is indicative of severe deficiency of Zn. Enhanced Zn bioavailability and supplementation as single micronutrient or as a component of a multi-micronutrient mix are imperative to prevent Zn deficiency. In conclusion, there is compelling evidence demonstrating detrimental effects associated with Zn deficiency, thus supporting the beneficial role of Zn as a nutri-pharmaceutical essential for enhancing health and well-being of man and animals.

[Akefe, I.O., Ayo, J.O, Yusuf, I.L. Zinc Nutrition and Allied Deficiency Syndrome. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):83-97]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 12. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.12.

Key Words: Zinc, Antioxidant, Metal, Nutrition, Deficiency, Syndrome

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Ovarian performance after laparoscopic ovarian drilling in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Yehia A. Wafa, Mazen A. El Zahry and Muhammed A. Abdelmoaty

Al-Azhar University Maternity Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

doctor.medic@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is considered the most common cause of anovulatory infertility. Laparoscopic ovarian drilling is an effective treatment for clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS. Objectives: To evaluate ovarian performance after laparoscopic ovarian drilling assessed by comparison of antral follicle count and 3D power Doppler indices of ovarian stromal blood flow before and after the procedure. Design: A prospective study of women undergoing laparoscopic ovarian drilling as a treatment for clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS. Ultrasound examination of antral follicle count (AFC) and 3D power Doppler indices of ovarian stromal blood flow was performed before and 6 months after the surgery. Setting: University teaching hospital. Patients: Thirty-five women with polycystic ovarian syndrome who failed to ovulate with clomiphene citrate and who subsequently underwent laparoscopic ovarian drilling and three-dimensional ultrasound examination. Main outcome measures: Regulation of menstrual pattern, ovulation rate, conception rate and changes in AFC and 3D power Doppler indices of ovarian stromal blood flow in non-pregnant women 6 months after the LOD. Results: Among 35 PCOS women with irregular menstrual pattern underwent LOD, 27 women had regular menstrual pattern after the procedure (77.14%). Ovulation rate was 74.29% (26/35), and the pregnancy rate was 31.43% (11/35). There were statistically significant differences between AFC and 3D power Doppler indices of ovarian stromal blood flow (FI, VI and FVI) before and after LOD as p values were <0.001, <0.001, <0.001 and <0.001 respectively. Conclusion: LOD significantly improves menstrual pattern, ovulation rate and pregnancy rate in clomiphene citrate-resistant PCOS. It also decreases values of AFC and 3D power Doppler indices of ovarian stromal blood flow as an evidence of normalization of ovarian functions. Measuring these values in women with anovulatory PCOS undergoing LOD may provide a useful tool in evaluating the outcome of LOD.

[Yehia A. Wafa, Mazen A. El Zahry and Muhammed A. Abdelmoaty. Ovarian performance after laparoscopic ovarian drilling in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):98-104]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 13. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.13.

Keywords: Polycystic ovarian syndrome; Laparoscopic ovarian drilling; Antral follicle count; 3D power Doppler of ovarian stromal blood flow.

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Comparison between Misoprostol and Ergometrine in Routine Prophylaxis of Postpartum Haemorrhage

Prof. Mohammed Khalid Mustafa¹, Dr. Mohammed Mohammed Al-Kholy² and Tarek Abd El-Latif Mohamed Abd El-Ghani³

*Professor of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

²Lecturer of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

³M.B.B. CH, Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Sohag Teaching Hospital, Egypt.

Dr.tarekabdo.gyn@gmail.com

Abstract: Objectives: To compare the effects of misoprostol versus ergometrine for PPH prevention, and provide important evidence to choose optimal agents for preventing PPH in developing countries. Methods: A prospective non-randomized controlled clinical trial carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sohag Teaching Hospital. Total 300 women enrolled in the study. Women allotted to one of the 3 groups. Active management of 3rd stage of labor in Group A with tablet misoprostol 400 µg rectally, Group B with injection methyl ergometrine 0.2 mg intramuscularly and Group C with saline injection (placebo). Results: Data was analyzed using SPSS computer program version 22.0. Quantitative data was expressed as means ± standard deviation, median and range. Qualitative data was expressed as number and percentage. The data were tested for normality using Shapiro-Wilk test. The nonparametric Mann–Whitney test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used for data which wasn't normally distributed. One-way analysis of variance test and Tukey’s multiple-comparison test were used for normally distributed data. Chi-Square test was used for comparison between qualitative variables. A 5% level was chosen as a level of significance in all statistical tests used in the study. Conclusion: Conclusion of our study is that rectal misoprostol appears to be more effective than intramuscular methylergometrine in the prevention of PPH. Because of its affordability, low price, can be administered conveniently through oral, rectal, sublingual, and vaginal ways, stability at room temperature and longer shelf life it could be considered a good alternative in our country, although pyraexia and shivering are self-limiting side effects.

[Mohammed Khalid Mustafa, Mohammed Mohammed Al-Kholy, Tarek Abd El-Latif Mohamed Abd El-Ghani. Comparison between Misoprostol and Ergometrine in Routine Prophylaxis of Postpartum Haemorrhage. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):105-110]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 14. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.14.

Key words: Postpartum Hemorrhage, Misoprestol, Methyergometren.

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Validation for simultaneous determination of tetracycline by using QuEChERS method and LC-MS/MS in liver of buffalo

Kamal Magdy Kamal¹, Amgad Mostafa Rady¹, Lamia Ryad², and Nermine Gad²

¹Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Science and Art

²Central Laboratory of Analysis of Pesticide Residues and Heavy Metals in Food, ARC, Giza, Egypt

kamaleldohy@gmail.com

Abstract: The aim of the this study is to determine a method validation for the presence of tetracycline antibiotics (Tetracycline (TC), Oxytetracycline (OTC), Chlortetracycline (CTC) and Doxycycline (DOC) in liver tissue of buffalo. LC-MS/MS was used for determination of tetracycline antibiotic residues. Separation was carried out by with electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive -ion mode using mobile phase at a flow rate of 400 ml/min and injection volume 5 ul. The recoveries of analyzed drugs were in between 75 and 80 ppb.

[Kamal Magdy Kamal, Amgad Mostafa Rady, Lamia Ryad, and Nermine Gad. Validation for simultaneous determination of tetracycline by using QuEChERS method and LC-MS/MS in liver of buffalo. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):111-114]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 15. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.15.

Key words: Tetracyclines, LC-MS/MS, validation, EU commission

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Determination and validation of Sulfonamide Antibiotics in liver tissue of buffalo using QuEChERS method and LC MS/MS analysis

Dalia Nabil Saad Gadallah¹, Lamia Ryad², and Nermine Gad²

¹Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Science and Arts

²Central Laboratory of Analysis of Pesticide Residues and Heavy Metals in Food, ARC, Giza, Egypt

daliaa.nabil@gmail.com

Abstract Sulfonamides (SAs) are a very important class of antibacterial compounds widely used in veterinary practice for therapeutic, prophylactic, and growth promoting purposes. Residues of SAs may remain animal tissues if adequate withdrawal time is not observed or if the SAs have been improperly administered. These residues in food are of concern because of their potential carcinogenic nature and the possible development of antibiotic resistance in humans. A Positive Electro spray ionization mode with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry was used to monitor the SAs in liver tissue of buffalo. SAs were extracted from liver tissue in mixture of EDTA citrate buffer solution at PH 4 and acetonitrile followed by centrifugation. For quantitation and confirmation of each compound liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC MS/MS) with electrospray ionization (ESI) was used, the mass spectrometry was operated in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The result have shown a high recovery ranging from 73.9-80.7%, with relative standard deviations (RSD (n=48)<14%. The limit of decision (CCα) of seven SAs was  106 μg ^kg−1, and the limit of detection (CCβ) was ranging from 110to 115.5 μg ^kg. The limits of quantification and the limits of detection for SAs 25.0 μg ^kg−1and 10.0 μg ^kg−1, respectively.  This method of extraction and quantification of SAs in liver tissue was validated to be effective, and sensitive, and could be used commercially for large amount of samples.

[Dalia Nabil Saad Gadallah, Lamia Ryad, and Nermine Gad. Determination and validation of Sulfonamide Antibiotics in liver tissue of buffalo using QuEChERS method and LC MS/MS analysis. N Y Sci J 2017;10(6):115-120]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 16. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.16.

Key words: - Sulfonamides (SAs), EU commission, LC MS/MS, Validation, Matrix effect.

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Determination of Synthetic Sweeteners in Some Food Commodities using Reversed Phase HPLC

Reem Tarek Amer¹, Ahmed M. Gomaa², Alaa Edean Fathy Ahmed², and Mohamed El-Sayed²

¹Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts.

²QCAP Laboratory, Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza 12311, Egypt.

Reemt.amer@hotmail.com

Abstract: Surveillance and monitoring of synthetic sweeteners is important for public health and food safety. For this purpose, synthetic sweeteners levels in different food commodities are controlled by legal regulations.The aim of this study is to determine levels of aspartame, acesulfame potassium and saccharine in different food commodities and to evaluate the maximum use limits according to Codex Alimentarius. The survey was carried out on 83 samples of different food included beverages, canned fruits, sweet corn, chewing gum, cake, toffee and tomato ketchup sauce. In this study, Reversed Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography was used for the quantitative determination of artificial sweeteners in samples. Synthetic sweeteners were extracted from the sample using deionized water: methanol 1:1 (v/v). The result showed that synthetic sweeteners were found within the Codex Alimentarius Regulations in 92.8 % of the samples. However, some samples were found not appropriate due to adulteration in label information and violation.

[Reem Tarek Amer, Ahmed M. Gomaa, Alaa Edean Fathy Ahmed and Mohamed El-Sayed. Determination of Synthetic Sweeteners in Some Food Commodities using Reversed Phase HPLC. N Y Sci J2017;10(6):121-128]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 17. doi:10.7537/marsnys100617.17.

Keywords: Synthetic Sweeteners, Aspartame, Acesulfame k, Saccharine, HPLC.

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