New York Science Journal
(N Y Sci J)
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online),
doi:10.7537, Monthly
Volume 10 -
Number 2 (Cumulated No. 96);
February
25, 2017
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CONTENTS
No.
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Titles /
Authors /Abstracts
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Full Text
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No.
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1
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Congenital malaria
and viral infections among mothers and their new born babies in
University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt,
Nigeria.
Chijioke-Nwauche IN1*,
Nwauche CA2
*Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Management, Faculty of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port
Harcourt, PMB 5323, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Email:
eleloheisraelify@yahoo.com.
Tel: +2348080509050 (*Corresponding author)
**Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, University of
Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, PMB 5323, Port
Harcourt, Rivers State.
Email:
jokesnwauche@yahoo.com.
Tel: +2348023148155.
Abstract:
Infectious diseases are of primary concern to public health
particularly in pregnancy because of the risk of transmission to
the foetus. Several infections have been demonstrated to be
transmitted from the mother to the child either during pregnancy
or at the time of delivery through the birth canal. Malaria in
pregnancy have been implicated in low birth
weight, increased infant and maternal mortality. Co-infection of
malaria with viral infections predisposes the pregnant woman to
greater risk. The study was aimed at evaluating the prevalence
of malaria and viral infections amongst mothers and their new
born babies in University of Port Harcourt Teaching
Hospital, Port Harcourt. Study was conducted in postpartum women
in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital. Venous blood
was collected from 103 mothers and from the umbilical cord of
their babies. Blood smears were stained with Giemsa and
diagnosis of malaria was done by microscopy. Using the sera from
the collected blood samples, analyses were done for the presence
of HCV and HbsAg antibodies using ELISA techniques while a point
of care test was used for the analysis of HIV antibody.
Transmission of the infections was evaluated based on the
presence of the pathogens in cord blood of the new born babies.
Evaluation of the results showed as follows: Malaria parasites
were found present in all the mothers (100%), HIV (7.7%), HbsAg
(1.9%) and HCV (0.97%) respectively. Transmission for malaria
parasite was 96%, HIV (62.5%) and there were no transmission for
the HBV and HCV antibodies. Obvious very high transmission of
malaria and HIV. There is a great need to enforce PMTCT and IPTp
in the study area.
[Chijioke-Nwauche IN,
Nwauche CA.
Congenital malaria and viral infections among mothers and their
new born babies in University of Port Harcourt Teaching
Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):1-5].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
1.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.01.
Key words:
malaria, viral infections, mothers, new-born babies |
Full Text |
1
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2
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Prognostic Significance of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in
Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma
Fathy Ghamry Abdelrazek1,Ezzat Abd-Elrahman El-Etraby1,
Essam Abd-El-Wahed Hassan1, Mohammed Saeid
Alshorbagy2 and Ali Hosni Ali1
1Department
of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University,
Cairo, Egypt
2Department
of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University,
Cairo, Egypt
mohammadhosny8@gmail.com
Abstract: Background: The systemic inflammatory response has been postulated as having
prognostic significance in a wide range of different cancer
types. Recently the neutrophilia has been proposed as an easily
determinable prognostic factor in cancer patients. Aim:
In the present study we are aiming to evaluate the prognostic
significance of baseline neutrophilia in
diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL).
Methods: eighty eight consecutive DLBCL patients will be
evaluated prospectively. The prognostic influence of neutrophil
lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on 2 years overall and disease free
survival will study. Results: Prediction of easily,
inexpensive, available (NLR) is associated with poor prognosis
of DLBCL. Conclusion: in the present study, we showed
that a high (NLR) at diagnosis of DLBCL represents a poor
prognostic factor for clinical outcome.
[Fathy Ghamry Abdelrazek, Ezzat Abd-Elrahman El-Etraby, Essam
Abd-El-Wahed Hassan, Mohammed Saeid Alshorbagy and
Ali Hosni Ali. Prognostic Significance of Neutrophil
Lymphocyte Ratio in Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):6-10].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
2.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.02.
Keywords:
DLBCL – NLR – prognosis |
Full Text |
2
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3
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Renal vascular changes detected
post Ureteroscopy in patients with lower ureteric stones.
El Sayed Mohammed Hathout, Mohammed Abdel-Shafy Nasr, Ahmed
Mohamed Abo El-Fotouh and Kareem Ashraf Foad
Departments of Urology and Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of
Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
drkaz@live.com
Abstract: Background:
Color duplex ultrasonography is a safe and an efficient method
to evaluate intrarenal hemodynamics that are thought to result
from the utilization of Ureteroscopy. Objective: The aim
of this study was to evaluate the renal vascular parameter
changes accompanied with the use of rigid ureteroscopy as a
modality of treatment of patients suffering lower ureteric
stones. Patients and methods: Thirty patients with lower
ureteric stones not larger than 1 cm in diameter and
hydronephrosis not more than grade 1 (otherwise excluded) were
prospectively studied via the application of color Doppler
ultrasonography (CDUS). Patients were evaluated via CDUS on the
preoperative day, one day postoperative and one month after the
ureteroscopy. Parameters studied were the resistive index (RI),
pulsatility index (PI), peak systolic velocity (PSV) and the end
diastolic velocity (EDV). Changes in these values (∆RI, ∆PI, ∆PSV
and ∆EDV) were measured and compared on the first postoperative
day and one month after the URS was performed. The degree of
hydronephrosis and location of stones in the obstructed kidneys,
diameters of both kidneys, and thickness of renal parenchyma
were evaluated with gray-scale US preoperatively. Results:
There were significant increase in
the RI
and the PI values on the first postoperative day (9 % increase
in the RI and 13.5 % increase in the PI). However, there was no
significant increase in these values for the normal non-operated
kidneys. In Spearman correlation coefficient analysis, ∆RI was
found to be correlated with the parameters: “operative time” and
“irrigation fluid volume”. On reassessing Doppler parameters for
the operated kidneys after one month duration, both the RI and
the PI decreased by 5 % and 8.9 % respectively. There was no
significant relation between ∆RI and any of the other evaluated
parameters; i.e. age, gender, degree of hydronephrosis and side
of URS. Conclusion: Ureteroscopy in itself can cause an
increase in the renal vascular resistance leading to a decrease
in the renal blood flow as evidenced by increase in the RI on
the postoperative day. This measured in RI increased
proportionally with the amount of irrigation fluid used and the
duration of the Ureteroscopy. However, the increase in the renal
vascular parameters was of a temporary nature as RI values
returned below the preoperative values for the operated kidneys.
[El
Sayed Mohammed Hathout, Mohammed Abdel-Shafy Nasr, Ahmed Mohamed
Abo El-Fotouh and Kareem Ashraf Foad.
Renal vascular changes detected post Ureteroscopy in patients
with lower ureteric stones.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):11-18].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
3.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.03.
Keywords:
Doppler, renal
resistive index, rigid ureteroscopy, ultrasonography. |
Full Text |
3
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4
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Implications of Flaviviruses cross-reactivity and vaccination
programs on their serodiagnosis
Chisom Emmanuel
Okechukwu 1, Idris Abdullahi Nasir 2, 3*,
Kabiru Muhammad 1, Clinton Ngwoke Chinedu 1
1. Department of
Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science,
Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
2. Department of
Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health
Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
3. Department of
Medical Laboratory Services, University of Abuja Teaching
Hospital Nigeria.
Correspondence
address:
eedris888@yahoo.com.com
Abstract:
Arboviral infections especially those caused by flaviviruses are
reemerging, expanding and endemic in tropical and subtropical
countries. Immunoassays are the most commonly used diagnostic
laboratory method because of their low cost and less test
turnaround time. However, flaviviruses share epitopes
inducing cross-reactive antibodies leading to great difficulty
in differentially diagnosing flaviviral infections using
serological tests. Considering the availability of yellow fever,
west Nile and St. Louis encephalitis virus vaccinations and
recently, dengue vaccine in some countries, serodiagnosis of
flaviviruses could be very complicated. This minireview was
aimed at evaluating the complexity of Zika and Dengue
serological differential diagnosis in resource limited settings
where antigen-based and molecular assays are difficult to
execute.
[Chisom
Emmanuel Okechukwu, Idris Abdullahi Nasir, Kabiru Muhammad,
Clinton Ngwoke Chinedu.
Implications
of Flaviviruses cross-reactivity and vaccination programs on
their serodiagnosis.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):19-22].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
4.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.04.
Keywords:
Arbovirus; Laboratory testing; Differential diagnosis;
Vaccination |
Full Text |
4
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5
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The Effect of Graded Levels
of Spent Brewers’ Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on
Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens
Patricia Fremu Chollom1,
Ediga Bede Agbo2, Umaru Dass Doma2, Ocheme
Julius Okojokwu1*
1Department
of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Jos,
Jos, Nigeria.
2Department
of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Abubakar Tafawa
Balewa University, Bauchi, Nigeria.
*Corresponding Author:
okojokwu@gmail.com
Abstract:
Background: The
rising prices of livestock feeds and the scarcity of
conventional proteins and energy concentrates for the
formulation of feeds have forced the animal scientists to search
for alternative, cheaper and readily available protein and
energy sources.
Methods: Five
experimental diets containing 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% spent
brewers’ yeast used to replace soya bean were formulated and
used to feed broiler chickens for 50 days. Two hundred 14 day
old “sayed” broiler chickens were used to determine the growth
performance and economics of broiler fed the formulated feeds.
The experiments were in a completely randomized design with the
five treatments each replicating four times with 40 birds per
treatment and 10 birds per replicate. Results: The
average live weight of broiler chicken ranged from 1963-2063 g
in each dietary group but were not significantly affected by
dietary treatment (p > 0.05). The average daily feed intake was
however significantly affected (p <0.05) by the dietary
treatment. Feed cost/kg weight gain was lowest at the 20% level
of spent yeast replacement (N279.92) and highest at the
10% level of replacement (330.87) but was not significantly
affected (p > 0.05) by the dietary treatments. Conclusion:
The results showed that spent brewers’ yeast can be used to
replace soya bean as protein source in broiler feeds with no
adverse effect on growth performance resulting in reduced cost
of feeds which will then translate in cheaper birds for
consumers and a higher profit margin for poultry farmers.
[Chollom
PF, Agbo EB, Doma UD, Okojokwu OJ.
The Effect of Graded Levels of
Spent Brewers’ Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on Growth
Performance of Broiler Chickens..
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):23-26].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
5.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.05.
Keywords:
Spent Brewers’ yeast,
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Broiler, Soya bean, formulated
feeds |
Full Text |
5
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6
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Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPO) in Treatment of
Tibial Plateau Fractures
El-Mohamady El-Gharib¹, Mahmoud Seddik1and Aymen
Eweis2
1Department
of Orthopaedic Surgery, Al-azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
2Resident
of
orthopaedic surgery, Kafr Elsheikh General Hospital,
Egypt.
aymn872010@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Tibial plateau fractures involve the proximal tibia in its
articular and metaphyseal segments. A series of 20 patients of
closed tibial plateau fractures treated with minimally invasive
plate osteosynthesis using buttress plating have been reviewed
after surgery. All the operations were performed using image
intensification to aid reduction of the fracture and to guide
screw placement. Ten patients had unicondylar fracture, eight of
them had isolated fracture lateral condyle, and two patients had
isolated fracture medial condyle. Ten patients had bicondylar
fractures.
Out of 20 patients, 4 had excellent results, 8 had good
results,5 patient had a fair result and 3 had bad results. This
minimally invasive technique avoids many of the complications of
both conservative and operative treatment and will have an
expanding role to play in the management of these fractures.
[El-Mohamady El-Gharib, Mahmoud Seddik and Aymen Eweis.
Minimally Invasive Plate Osteosynthesis (MIPO) in Treatment of
Tibial Plateau Fractures.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):27-30].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
6.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.06.
Keywords:
Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis, tibial plateau,
buttress plating |
Full Text |
6
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7
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Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria with preterm labor
Abd El-moniem Mohamed Zakaria1, Hany Maged Hassan1,
Mekky Abd El-moniem Ali2 and Mohamed Ibrahim Soliman3.
1Department
of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Egypt.
1Department
of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University,
Egypt.
3Resident
of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Helwan general hospital, Egypt.
dr.m.soliman86@gmail.com
Abstract:
Aim of work:
The aim of this work is to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic
bacteriuria in patients attending Helwan general hospital and
Bab El- Sharya hospital who presented with pre term labor IN
2016.
Methods.
prospective study of 200 women from those attending the
department of obstetrics and gynecology of Helwan and Bab
el Sharya hospitals obstetric outpatient clinics
at 2016. All
these patients had given mid-stream clean catch urine sample for
which urine culture for asymptomatic bacteriuria was done as
well as antibiotic sensitivity test to know the organism and
proper antibiotic to be given.
Results: this study showed
that 8% of the pregnant women examined had a positive urine
culture without any symptoms of UTI. Hence, it is important that
pregnant women are screened for asymptomatic bacteriuria at the
first antenatal visit.
Conclusion:
Asymptotic bacteriuria is a major risk factor for the
development of urinary tract infection during pregnancy, the
prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in our locality is high.
The significance of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy lies
in its potential to cause acute pyelonephritis, preterm labor
and preterm rupture of membranes. Others include anemia, pre-eclampsia,
chronic pyelonephritis and even fetal wastage.
[Abd
El-moniem Mohamed Zakaria, Hany Maged Hassan, Mekky Abd El-moniem
Ali and Mohamed Ibrahim Soliman.
Prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria with preterm labor.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):31-35].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
7.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.07.
Key wards:
Asymptotic bacteriuria, preterm labor, pyelonephritis |
Full Text |
7
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8
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Single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy vs standard
laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Hossam Hassan Abd-ElAziz Ahmed, Mansour Mohamed Abd El khalek
and Abduh Elbana
General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar
University, Egypt
Hossam_gi1@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Background:
Single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) is a newer
approach that may be a safe alternative to traditional
laparoscopic cholecystectomy (TLC) based on retrospective and
small prospective studies. As the demand for single-incision
surgery may bedriven by patient perceptions of benefits, we
designed a retrospective study to compare Single port
laparoscopic cholecystectomy and the traditional 4 port
laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Methods:
patients having symptomatic Cholelithiasis. All cases were
selected after fulfilling the criteria of inclusion into the
study. Preoperative characteristics and operative data were
recorded, including length of stay, Pain scores in recovery and
for 48 h and satisfaction with wound appearance at 2 and 4 weeks
were reported by patients.
Results:
The median Total Operative Time was statistically significantly
shorter in the TLC group compared to the SPLC group (52 Vs 71
minutes). Only 2 patient (4%) in the SPLC group developed a
port-site hernia 6 months after surgery that was treated by mesh
repair.
Conclusions:
SILC is a longer operation but has the potential to be a safe
technique with a low complication rate, short in-hospital stay.
Recovery and pain scores are not significantly different. There
may be an improvement inpatient satisfaction with wound
appearance. Both procedures are valid approaches to
cholecystectomy.
[Hossam Hassan Abd-ElAziz Ahmed, Mansour Mohamed Abd El khalek
and Abduh Elbana. Single-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy vs
standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):36-44].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
8.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.08.
Keywords:Single-port;
laparoscopic cholecystectomy; standard; laparoscopic
cholecystectomy |
Full Text |
8
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9
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The Role of Three Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography
for Assessment of Tricuspid Regurgitation after Percutaneous
Balloon Mitral Valvuloplasty
Mohammad Madkour (1), Samy Nouh (2), Ahmad
Bakry (3).
Professor of Cardiology - Faculty of Medicine - Al-Azhar
University (1)
Assistant Professor of Cardiology - Faculty of Medicine - Al-Azhar
University (2)
Assistant Lecturer of Cardiology - Faculty of Medicine – South
Valley University (3)
ahmedbakry1777@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Background:
Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is an important predictor of
morbidity and mortality in rheumatic mitral stenosis (MS) and in
the majority of cases it is functional.
Introduction:
It is unclear whether mitral valve (MV) surgery with
simultaneous surgical correction of TR would be the better
treatment option in patients who are potential candidates for
percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty (PMBV), because MV
surgery has the morbidity and mortality related with operation,
and regression of TR may result from improvement of pulmonary
hypertension after PMBV.
Aim of the work:
To investigate the effect of PMBV on the tricuspid annulus (TA)
and tricuspid regurgitation by three dimensional transesophageal
echocardiography (3D TEE).
Material and methods:
Twenty five patients (M/F=5/20) with rheumatic MS referred for
PMBV between October 2014 and October 2016 were included in our
study. 3D TEE was done pre PMBV and 48hr post PMBV. For
tricuspid valve (TV) analysis, we adapted commercially available
software designed for assessing the mitral valve (MVQ software,
Philips).
TA diameters and area (TAA) were
measured at end diastole & end systole at 2 cycles taking their
average. TR was assessed by vena contracta area (VC area)
measured at mid-systole offline using Philips Qlab.
Results:
PMBV was successfully completed in all 25 patients with MR post
BMV not more than grade II/IV.
MVA3D increased
significantly post PMBV & was significantly correlated with MVA2D
(P value <0.0001). MS increases
the RV afterload which causes stress stretching effect over the
tricuspid annulus causing it to be dilated, circular and planer.
Post PMBV, TA regress in size with better function and starts
the way to regain some of its normal geometrical oval saddle
shape appearance. PMBV results
in alleviating tricuspid regurgitation severity as assessed by
TR VC area (P-value = 0.0017).
Conclusion:
3D TEE allowed us to examine the TV in great detail. We
concluded that tricuspid annulus dimensions and function start
to improve and TR starts to regress after PMBV.
Recommendations: 3D TEE can be a great tool for a
comprehensive assessment of morphology and function of the TV
complex. Also, our study supports early intervention in MS
patients once indicated prior to the development of significant
pulmonary hypertension, right ventricle myocardial dysfunction
or significant functional TR.
[Mohammad Madkour, Samy Nouh, Ahmad Bakry. The Role of Three
Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography for Assessment of
Tricuspid Regurgitation after Percutaneous Balloon Mitral
Valvuloplasty.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):45-53].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
9.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.09.
Keywords:
Tricuspid regurgitation – Mitral valvuloplasty - 3D
echocardiography |
Full Text |
9
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10
|
Value of longitudinal indices of the left ventricle in
prediction of elevated left ventricular filling pressure in
patients with preserved ejection fraction
Hatab K., Naguib M., Mustafa A., Al-Habbaa A.
Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University,
Egypt
karim.hatab87@gmail.com
Abstract: Objectives:
The principal
objective of this study is to evaluate the diastolic function by
Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (STE) and conventional
echocardiographic indicators of diastolic dysfunction to predict
invasively measured LVEDP in a patient population with preserved
EF (50%). Patients and methods: This study (prospective)
included finally 21 patients with preserved EF who underwent
elective cardiac catheterization for the diagnosis of coronary
artery disease or re-evaluation after coronary intervention. at
BAB EL-SHE'RIYA Hospital – Al-Azhar University – Cairo – Egypt,
from January, 2016 to December, 2016.
At the beginning of the study 30 patients meeting both the
inclusion and the exclusion criteria were enrolled then 9
patients were excluded from the study for various causes (3
patients more than mild valve lesion, 3 patients impaired
systolic function, 2 had bad echo views and 1 patient had
paroxysmal A Fib). Results: LVEDP was measured before
coronary angiography was performed in 21 patients with preserved
EF (≥50%) referred to
elective cardiac catheterization; besides, patients enrolled
underwent comprehensive echocardiographic examination before the
procedure. In addition to conventional echocardiographic
parameters used to evaluate diastolic function LV longitudinal
strain and SR, measurements were performed
using STE. E/SRIVR significantly correlated with LVEDP. When
age-adjusted stepwise linear regression analysis was performed,
E/SRIVR values (P 0.017) was independently correlated with LVEDP.
Conclusion:
When compared with conventional echocardiographic parameters,
other longitudinal strain, and SR indices, we suggest that E/SRIVRT
is a valuable parameter to evaluate diastolic function in
patients with preserved EF.
[Hatab
K., Naguib M., Mustafa A., Al-Habbaa A. Value of longitudinal
indices of the left ventricle in prediction of elevated left
ventricular filling pressure in patients with preserved ejection
fraction.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):54-60].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
10.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.10.
Keywords:
Value; longitudinal indice; left ventricle; prediction; elevated
left ventricular; filling; pressure; patient; preserved ejection
fraction |
Full Text |
10
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11
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Effect of royal jelly and ginger on the histological changes of
the testes of cyclophosphamide-treated adult male albino rats
Ebada M.A.1,
Yossef Y.GA1,
Al-Sayed A. Abd-Elrhman2, Fathy M.A2
1Department
of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Cairo, Egypt
2Department
Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar
University, Assuit, Egypt
Abstract: Background:
Cyclophosphamide is a widely used cytotoxic alkylating agent
with antitumor and immunosuppressant properties. In spite of its
therapeutic importance, a wide range of adverse effects
including reproductive toxicity had been demonstrated following
cyclophosphamide administration. Objective: Evaluating
the possible protective effects of royal jelly and ginger on
cyclophosphamide-induced testicular damage in adult male albino
rats. Material and Methods: Twenty adult male albino rats
of an average body weight (250-300 g.) were randomly divided
into two groups. One group (five rats) was served as the control
group (group1) and other group 2 (fifteen rats) was served as
treated group, which was subdivided into 3 equal subgroups (a, b
and c). Subgroup (a): consisted of five rats that were treated
with cyclophosphamide. Subgroup (b): consisted of five rats that
were given royal jelly orally and cyclophosphamide. Subgroup
(c): consisted of five rats that were given ginger and
cyclophosphamide. The testes were excised and histologicaly
prepared for a light and an electron microscopic examination.
Results:
Light microscopic examination of
cyclophosphamide
treated
adult male albino rat
showed that the seminiferous tubules were markedly distorted.
Most of the tubules showed many vacuoles. The lumina of the
seminiferous tubules were devoid of spermatozoa.
There was an increase in the amount of interstitial areas that
contained some thick walled congested blood vessels. By electron
microscopic examination there were marked affection of the
cytoplasm of the germinal epithelial cells in the form of
degenerated mitochondria, multiple lipid droplets and many empty
spaces. Sertoli cells were rested on an irregular thickened
basement membrane and its nucleus had an irregular nuclear
membrane without nucleolus.
Royal jelly
had a potent protective effect against the testicular toxicity
of the
cyclophosphamide and showed a notable effect compared to the
effect of ginger. Conclusion: It could be concluded that
cyclophosphamide produced testicular
histological alterations. Royal jelly
has a potent protective effect against the testicular toxicity
of this agent and might be clinically useful.
The study suggests that ginger has got some recovery role in
cyclophosphamide induced testicular damage of rat.
[Ebada M.A.,
Yossef Y.GA, Al-Sayed A. Abd-Elrhman, Fathy M.A.
Effect of royal jelly and ginger
on the histological changes of the testes of cyclophosphamide-treated
adult male albino rats.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):61-71].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
11.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.11.
Keywords:
Testis - Cyclophosphamide - Royal jelly - Ginger - Albino rat. |
Full Text |
11
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12
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Financial Risk and Foreign
Direct Investment: Evidence from China
Anwar Kamal Khan,
Zong Yongjian
School of Economics &
Management, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing
210094, China
Anwarkamal572@gmail.com,
zongyounjin@sina.com
Abstract:
China has reported an
unprecedented rise in foreign direct investment (FDI) flow since
the country has opened its door to the foreign investors. This
FDI inflow has brought a positive and dramatic change in China’s
economy. The present study examines whether increased FDI inflow
impacts a country’s economic growth and development and whether
higher financial risks reduces the FDI inflow. A quantitative
data analysis technique, especially SPSS, has been used to
obtain data for the analysis of the correlation between the
dependent and independent variables. The dataset employed in
these study spans from 1970 to 2011. The study results indicate
that increased FDI inflow positively impacts the economic growth
and development of China. Moreover, the study indicates that
financial risks, such as inflation, negatively affect the FDI
inflow. The study implication clearly states that China should
continue with the economic reforms to attract more FDI because
of its perceived role in boosting economic growth and
development.
[Anwar Kamal Khan,
Zong Yongjian.
Financial Risk and Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from
China. N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):72-77].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
12. doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.12.
Keywords:
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Economic, Development,
Financial Risks |
Full Text |
12
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13
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The
Significance of Tumor Markers in Sinonasal Inverted Papilloma
Assigned for endoscopic surgery
Mostafa M. Elsayed1,
Ibrahim I. El-Dsoky1,
Mohammed F. Ramadan1,
Mohammed S. Abdelwahed2,
Nabil F.Esmael3,
Abdelgawad M.Hadeya1
Otorhinolaryngology1, Histopathology2,
Clinical Pathology3 Departments; Faculty of Medicine,
Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
dr.guda@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Background:
Inverted papilloma (IP) is a
primarily benign lesion that occurs in the nasal cavity and
paranasal sinuses. Clinical problems include a tendency towards
local destruction, recurrence and malignant transformation into
squamous cell carcinoma. Tumor markers can be helpful in
clinical practice to monitor the response to treatment and to
indicate recurrent disease mainly in malignant neoplasms.
Aim: Measuring of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA1)
and Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as tumor markers in
sinonasal inverted papilloma and detection of their significance
for early detection of malignant transformation. Methods:
Blood samples were collected pre and post-operatively from 30 IP
patient for the analysis of serum SCCA1. In addition, nasal
biopsies were collected and immunehistochemical analysis was
performed for measuring EGFR. Results: There was
statistically significant decrease of SCCA levels at 2 days and
at 3-5 months postoperatively when compared to preoperative
values. In addition, there was statistically significant
decrease of SCCA at 3-5 months postoperatively when compared to
values at 2 days postoperatively. These data indicated
significant decrease of SCCA overtime. EGFR intensity by
immunohistochemical staining revealed that there was
statistically significant difference between study and control
group. Conclusion: SCC antigen is a reliable tumor marker
in the management and monitoring of sinonasal IPs. Expression of
EGFR can be used for differentiation between benign IP and IP
with malignant transformation even in early phases of dysplasia.
[Mostafa
M. Elsayed, Ibrahim I. El-Dsoky,
Mohammed F. Ramadan,
Mohammed S. Abdelwahed, Nabil
F. Esmael and Abdelgawad M.
Hadeya. The Significance of Tumor Markers in Sinonasal
Inverted Papilloma Assigned for endoscopic surgery.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):78-82].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
13.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.13.
Keywords:
squamous cell carcinoma antigen; inverted papilloma; epidermal
growth factor receptor; tumor marker. |
Full Text |
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14
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Evaluation of macular changes
after uneventful phacoemulsification surgery in diabetic
patients using fluorescein angiography and optical coherence
tomography.
Magdy E. Khallaf, Younis E.
Abd-Elhafez, Mohamed Z. Eid and Ezz Eldin R. Ezz Eldin.
Ophthalmology Department, Faculty
of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.
drezzstar84@gmail.com
Abstract: Background:
Macular edema (ME) is a major cause of vision loss after
cataract surgery in diabetic patients. Proper and early
diagnosis of post-cataract complications is of utmost
importance. Aim: to evaluate
the influence of uncomplicated phacoemulsification on macular
thickness and macular changes in the postoperative period in
diabetic patients. Patients and methods:
This study included 100 eyes of cataractous patients attending
the outpatient ophthalmology clinic of Al-Azhar University
hospital. The included patients were classified into 2 groups:
the first included 50 eyes of diabetic patients with no clinical
fund us changes, and the second included 50 eyes of normal
patients. All patients were submitted to full history taking,
clinical and ophthalmological examination. All were evaluated
preoperatively and postoperatively at one day, one weak, one
month, 3 and 6 months. Results:
There was significant decrease in study group when compared to
control group as regard to preoperative BCVA (0.95±0.12 vs
0.86±0.17 respectively). There was significant improvement of
BCVA postoperatively when compared to corresponding preoperative
values in both groups, while IOP revealed that, there was no
significant difference at 1, 3 and 6 months when compared to
corresponding values at 1 week. Postoperative fundus examination
revealed that, there was no abnormality detected at 1 week
postoperative; while at 1 month, 5 eyes (10.0%) in diabetic
group and 3 eyes (6.0%) in non-diabetic group showed lost foveal
depression and macular thickening. CSFT (Central Subfield Foveal
Thickness) revealed that, there was no significant difference
between diabetic and non-diabetic groups preoperatively; but at
1, 3 or 6 months postoperatively, there was significant increase
of CSFT in diabetic group when compared to non-diabetic group.
In addition, there was significant increase of CSFT at 1, 3 and
6 months PO when compared to corresponding preoperative values
in each group separately. Conclusion: There is a
subclinical increase in central retina thickness in diabetic and
non-diabetic patients after uncomplicated phacoemulsification,
which may be detected clinically and by FFA also can be
quantified by OCT.
[Magdy
E. Khallaf, Younis E. Abd-Elhafez, and Mohamed Z, Eid and Ezz
Eldin R. Ezz Eldin. Evaluation of macular changes after
uneventful phacoemulsification surgery in diabetic patients
using fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):83-90].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
14.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.14.
Keywords:
cataract, macular edema, optical coherence tomography,
angiography |
Full Text |
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15
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A Prospective, Randomized Comparison between Ultrasound versus
Ultrasound with Nerve Stimulation Guidance for Multiple
Injection Axillary Brachial Plexus Block
Mostafa Muhammed Sabra, Ali Fotoh Ali El Sayed, Abdalla Elsheikh
and Sayed Ahmed Abd El Ali
Department
of
Anesthesiology and Intensive
Care, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt
icusayedgalal@gmail.com
Abstract: Background:
The axillary brachial plexus block is one of the most commonly
used regional anesthesia techniques. The axillary block is an
excellent choice of anesthesia technique for elbow, forearm, and
hand surgery. The axillary brachial plexus block is popular
because of its ease, reliability, and safety. Objective:
we sought to assess the efficacy, accuracy and liability of
combined peripheral nerve stimulator with ultra-sonography
guided peripheral nerve block versus ultrasound guided
peripheral nerve block of upper limb using 0.5% bupivacaine with
multiple injection technique and the impact of two methods in
reducing the rate of conversion to general anesthesia.
Patient and methods: this prospective randomized study was
carried out on 30ASA grade (I-II-III) adult patients classified
into two groups (15 patients
ultrasound
US group and 15 patients ultrasound and nerve stimulator US&NS
group), patients undergoing elective upper limb surgery,
including forearm, wrist and hand procedures were prospectively
enrolled. All blocks were performed with 20mm bupivacaine 0.5%.
In US&NS group, the nerve location was performed with the aid of
nerve stimulator using a 22-gauge, 5cm long, short beveled. The
nerve stimulator was set with a pulse duration of 0.15ms, a
current intensity of 1mA, a frequency of 2Hz. In US group, nerve
location was performed using a linear probe, a 21-gauge, 10cm
long, short beveled, was inserted and advanced along the
longitudinal access of the ultrasound transducer. Results:
showed that no statistically difference between the two groups
as regard time of onset of sensory block, motor block, onset of
analgesia, patient satisfaction, success rate, skin puncture,
complications, supplementation of analgesia (fentanyl) and
needle redirection. But this study showed that there is
statistically significant difference as regard block execution
time. Conclusion: this study demonstrates both US and US
&
NS techniques were effective in anesthesia of upper limb,
patients are satisfied, no added benefits in using US
&
NS over US.
[Mostafa
Muhammed Sabra, Ali Fotoh Ali El Sayed, Abdalla Elsheikh and
Sayed Ahmed Abd El Ali.
A Prospective,
Randomized Comparison between Ultrasound versus Ultrasound with
Nerve Stimulation Guidance for Multiple Injection Axillary
Brachial Plexus Block.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2):91-96].
ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
15.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.15.
Keywords:
US ultrasound, NS nerve stimulator, Bupivacaine, Axillary block. |
Full Text |
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16
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Optimizing Water Use
Efficiency for Sugar Cane Crop
Abdel Reheem, H.A.
Water Management Res. Ins.,
National Water Research Center, Egypt
dr.hassanahmed_999@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Two field experiments were
carried out at Mallawy Water Requirements Research station – El
Minia, Governorate; Egypt Water Management Research Institute –
National Water Research Center during seasons 2012 and 2013
seasons. The present research was carried out to study the
effect of irrigation system by gated pipes on water use
efficiency, yield, saving of water and economic evaluation for
sugar can crop (Saccharum officinarum L) and compare it
with common conventional cultivation practiced in this region.
Four treatments were arranged in a spilt-plot design. Two of
them system irrigation by gated pipes and the others planting
method (furrows and beds).
Results indicated that the
planting sugar cane crop by gated pipes in beds leads to an
increase in productivity with rate equals 20.42% and to more
water saving about by 42.99% per year, decrease both the costs
of irrigation by about 45.8 % and the irrigation time by about
45.01% and rising the total irrigation’s efficiency by 75.31%.
It also saving water by about 1.310850629 billion m3/area
(Average area cultivated by sugar cane in Egypt) compared with
the traditional method in this region. The results indicated
also from the economic view point that, the gated pipes in beds
recorded the highest values of field and crop water use
efficiencies (10.26 and 16.06 kg/m3) respectively.
The highest values of total income, production, financial
benefits (L.E/ area), net return of each and water
irrigation (L.E/m3) and economic
efficiency were gained with it. Therefore, the economics of
irrigation water becomes very important for planting irrigation
management project where the over irrigation practices by
farmers usually lead to low irrigation efficiency, water logging
and high losses of water. It could be recommended to application
gated pipes in beds to produce high yield with less amount of
water applied under El-Minia province conditions.
[Abdel Reheem, H.A.
Optimizing Water Use Efficiency for Sugar Cane Crop.
N Y Sci J
2017;10(2): 97-108]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN
2375-723X (online).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
16.
doi:10.7537/marsnys100217.16.
Keywords:
Surface irrigation – Development irrigation by gated pipes –
Water saving – Irrigation efficiencies - Economic efficiency |
Full Text |
16
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The manuscripts in
this issue were presented as online first for peer-review,
starting from January 14, 2017.
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