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PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS COINFECTION AMONGST HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS IN CAPITOL HILL HOSPITAL, WARRI, DELTA STATE, NIGERIA

Okonko IO, Asagba OH, Okonko BJ, Baeka GB

¹Virus & Genomics Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

²Virology & Immunology Research Unit, Department of Applied Microbiology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.

E-mail: iheanyi.okonko@uniport.edu.ng; Tel: +2347069697309

ABSTRACT: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most prevalent aetiology of viral inflammation of the human liver. This study was conducted to determine the HIV/HBV coinfection rates among HIV patients in Warri, Nigeria. A total of 100 patients attending Capitol Hill hospital in Warri, were recruited for the study and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was determined using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. The age range of the 100 HIV-positive individuals who participated in the study ranges from 5 to 75 years with an average age of 35.7 years. Thirty-two per cent (32.0%) of the entire population was in the less than 30 years age range. The majority of the population were females (55.0%), singles (56.0%), with primary education (34.0%), students (22.0%) and civil servants (21.0%). Results of the ELISA showed that HIV/HBV coinfection was 1.0%. The results showed that HIV/HBV coinfection occurred only among the female (1.8%), age bracket 31-40 years (3.8%), married (2.3%), those with tertiary education (2.3%) and traders (4.2%). Thus, this study confirms a low HIV/HBV coinfection in HIV patients in Capitol Hill hospital, Warri, Delta State, Nigeria. The observed drop in HIV/HBV coinfection in this study may be due to a steady increase in HBV vaccination in the nooks and crannies of the nation. This study reveals that there is a persistent decline in the prevalence of HBV in HIV-infected persons. The epidemiology of HIV/HBV co-infection in Nigeria requires rigorous surveillance since, despite the overall drop in HBV prevalence, it remains endemic among HIV-positive people.

[Okonko IO, Asagba OH, Okonko BJ, Baeka GB. (2023). Prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection Amongst HIV-Infected Patients in Capitol Hill Hospital, Warri, Delta State, Nigeria. Cancer Biology 2023;13(1):1-12]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net  01.doi:10.7537/marscbj130123.01.

Keywords: HBV, HIV, Coinfection, Nigeria

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HIV and Helicobacter pylori Co-infections among Patients visiting two selected medical facilities in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Okonko IO^1* and Barine, BM²

¹Virus Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

²Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.

^*Corresponding author’s: E-mail: Iheanyi.okonko@uniport.edu.ng; Tel.: +2348035380891

Abstract: The co-infection of HIV and Helicobacter pylori amongst patients visiting selected medical facilities in Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria was investigated. One hundred patients were recruited from selected hospitals in the city. HIV (Determine) and H. pylori (ANTI-HP Rapid) rapid test kits were used to assay for antibodies against the virus and bacterium in the sera of participants respectively. Other demographics such as age, sex and marital status was obtained using questionnaires. The result outcomes showed a 2.0% prevalence of HIV and H. pylori coinfection specifically in those within age bracket of 17-19 years. No co-infection was observed among children and adolescent signifying that significant difference (p<0.05) existed in patients with both infections. Similarly, no significant difference (p>0.05) was noted in the co-infection rates reported for males (2.4%) and females (1.7%). Conversely, no marital status-specific difference (p>0.05) was noted, though HIV and H. pylori coinfection was only detected in singles. In conclusion, the study further confirms the presence of HIV and Helicobacter pylori coinfection among patients in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. This highlights the necessity for routine screening of blood for HIV and H. pylori coinfection to minimize their transmission among the general population. The need for intensive health education to enlighten the public on the risk factors associated with both infections and possible control measures. Further studies of larger numbers of HIV-1 patients with and without H. pylori co-infection for a prolonged period of time are needed in order to define the role of H. pylori co-infection and eradication in immune reconstitution of HAART-treated HIV-1- infected patients

[Okonko IO and Barine, BM. HIV and Helicobacter pylori Coinfections among Patients in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. Cancer Biology 2023;13(1):13-17]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net  02.doi:10.7537/marscbj130123.02.

Keywords: Prevalence, antibodies, Helicobacter pylori, Coinfection

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