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Inhibitory Actions of a Medicinal Plants’ Extract on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19

Adekunle Odunayo Adejuwon ^{1, 2, 3*}, Olubunmi Sharon Obayemi ⁴, Olaleke David Odeleye ³, Victoria Anatolyivna Tsygankova ⁵, Oluwakemi Thonda ¹

¹ Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kings University, Ode-Omu, Osun State, Nigeria

² National Research Foundation of Ukraine (NRFU), Maksymovych Scientific Library of The Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 58, Office Number 38 Ukraine, East Europe

³ Medwave Company Limited, Istanbul, Istanbul Province, Republic of Turkey, Southeastern Europe/Western Asia

⁴ Department of Public Health and Community Health Promotion, Liberty University, Lynchburg, Virginia, United States of America

⁵ Department for Chemistry of Bioactive Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Compounds, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 1, Murmanskaya Str., 02660, Kyiv, Ukraine

Corresponding Author:

Professor Adekunle Odunayo Adejuwon, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. (Microbiology – Microbial Physiology and Metabolism – Microbial Enzymology), LL.Dip. (Diploma in Laws), Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kings University, Ode-Omu, Osun State, Nigeria; And Professor Adekunle Odunayo Adejuwon, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. (Microbiology – Microbial Physiology and Metabolism – Microbial Enzymology), LL.Dip. (Diploma in Laws) (Voluntary International Referee – Professor of Microbiology), National Research Foundation of Ukraine (NRFU), Maksymovych Scientific Library of The Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 58, Office Number 38 Ukraine, East Europe

e-mail address: ao_adejuwon@yahoo.ca

ORCID Identifier: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9404-874X

Loop Profile: 1019729, https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/1019729/overview

Publons: https://publons.com/researcher/1487222/adekunle

Abstract: Background: We reported in a previous investigation the possible exploration of the use of the alcohol extract of a combination of Garcinia kola seeds and Zingiber officinale leaves as a potential therapeutic application for COVID-19 (Adejuwon et al. (2020). Advances in Bioscience and Bioengineering, Infinity Press Volume 8, Number 2). Investigation: 150g each of Philenoptera cyanescens roots, Moringa oleifera stems, Zingiber officinale rhizomes, Allium sativa buds, Jatropha curcas stems, 200g each of Ageratum conyzoides leaves, Moringa oleifera leaves were ground. 500 ml each of Citrus aurantiifolia juice and honey was added. These were soaked in 1Litre of absolute alcohol (Sigma-Aldrich) and left overnight for 24 hr. The extract was filtered and concentrated to about one-sixth of its original volume in vacuo using a rotary evaporator (Quick fit, Rotavapor-R, Buchi, Switzerland) at 30^oC under low vacuum pressure and low evaporation. 50ml of the extract was given orally to fifty (males n = 20, females n = 30) human subjects including five female patients diagnosed with stage 1b cervical carcinoma. The fifty subjects were diagnosed positive for SARS-CoV-2 using Real-Time Reverse Transcriptase (RT)-Polymerase Chain Reaction. Oral application was immediately after meal on a daily basis for a period of ten days. Observation: Symptoms of acute respiratory syndrome reduced in all fifty subjects within six days of oral application of extract. All subjects tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 after the tenth day. Conclusion: The concentrated alcohol extract of a combination of Philenoptera cyanescens roots, Ageratum conyzoides leaves, Moringa oleifera leaves, Moringa oleifera stems, Zingiber officinale rhizomes, Allium sativa buds, Jatropha curcas stems, Citrus aurantiifolia juice and honey have SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 inhibitory effects even on certain adult females with stage 1b cervical carcinoma.

[Adejuwon AO, Obayemi OS, Odeleye OD, Tsygankova VA, Thonda O. Inhibitory Actions of a Medicinal Plants’ Extract on SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19. Cancer Biology 2020;10(3):1-3]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 1. doi:10.7537/marscbj100320.01.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Medicinal Plants; Cervical Carcinoma

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Assessment of Tp53 Polymorphism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Hepatitis C Virus Infection

Heba M. Adel Abou zaghla¹, Aziza Ahmed Mohammed Elsebaee¹, Iman Saleh Abd-Elwahed Elhadede¹, Adel Ahmed Elazab¹, Ghada Refaat Meckawy² and Rania Mohammed Abbas¹

¹ Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

² Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Gr_mancy@yahoo.com

Abstract: Purpose: The current study aims to clarify the role of tumor protein (TP53) gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) G-C at codon 72 in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among patients with chronic hepatitis C, a step towards an efficient tool for early detection. Methods/ patients: We conducted this study on 20 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on top of HCV infection (group I); 10 patients with chronic liver disease on top of HCV infection whom age and sex were matched, serving as patient control (group II); and 10 healthy control subjects who are age and sex-matched with no history of hepatic complaints (group III). TP53 G-C gene polymorphism of codon 72 was tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by restriction enzyme digestion (PCR-RFLP). Results: There was a highly statistically significant difference in TP53 G-C gene polymorphism between the three investigated groups (p<0.01). Conclusion: Detection of TP53 gene SNP G-C at codon 72 is highly recommended in chronic liver disease patients especially in known cirrhotic cases on top of HCV infection to detect HCC patients in earlier stages.

[Heba M. Adel Abou zaghla, Aziza Ahmed Mohammed Elsebaee, Iman Saleh Abd-Elwahed Elhadede, Adel Ahmed Elazab, Ghada Refaat Meckawy and Rania Mohammed Abbas. Assessment of Tp53 Polymorphism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Cancer Biology 2020;10(3):4-11]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 2. doi:10.7537/marscbj100320.02.

Keywords: HCC, TP53, HCV, case-control study

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Cancer Gene List - VI

Mark Herbert

World Development Institute

39-06 Main Street, Flushing, Queens, New York 11354, USA, ma708090@gmail.com

Abstract: There are thousands of genes that are related to the cancer development. This asreticle gives 1400 genes that are supposed as cancer genes. This is cancer gene list part 6.

[Herbert M. Cancer Gene List - VI. Cancer Biology 2020;10(3):12-35]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 3. doi:10.7537/marscbj100320.03.

Key words: cancer; gene; DNA; life; medicine

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Cancer Gene List - VII

Mark Herbert

World Development Institute

39-06 Main Street, Flushing, Queens, New York 11354, USA, ma708090@gmail.com

Abstract: There are thousands of genes that are related to the cancer development. This asreticle gives 1400 genes that are supposed as cancer genes. This is cancer gene list part 7.

[Herbert M. Cancer Gene List - VII. Cancer Biology 2020;10(3):36-62]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 4. doi:10.7537/marscbj100320.04.

Key words: cancer; gene; DNA; life; medicine

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Potential role of Moringa oleifera on different cell lines and experimental animal model

Wafaa A. Ahmed¹, Farid A. Abu-Bedair Kashwaa¹, Om Hashem M. Abd El Hameed² and Mohamed A. Elhefny^1,3

¹ Department of Cancer and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

² Department of Biomedical Engineering, High Institute of Engineering, El-Shorouk-Academy, Cairo, Egypt.

³ Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicin, Umm Al-Qura University, Alqunfudah, KSA.

Email: drwafaaeg@yahoo.com

Abstract: Many natural products have anti-tumor effects against various forms of cancer, with various mechanisms of action including cell growth suppression, cell differentiation modulation and apoptosis induction. Moringa Oleifera (L) is a commonly used as phytotherapy that have an biomedical activities against many illness including cancer. In this study; Moringa Oleifera (L) leaves aqua’s extract were evaluated for its cytotoxic potentiality against three tumor cell lines; (HepG2, Caco2 and Mcf7). Cytoxic effects of M.O L-WX by MTT assay revealed remarkable dose dependent anti-cancer activity on Caco2 and Mcf7 while lower anticancer activity on HepG2. The IC50 value were 4 mg /mL and 9 mg /mL for CaCo2 and McF7 cancer cell lines respectively while it was 19 mg /mL for Hepg2 cells. The apoptotic effect result showed significant increase in expression of apoptotic molecules FASL of Caco2 and Mcf7 cell lines (p-value = 0.001 and 0.005 respectively when compared to the control of each cell line and also the significant increase in the activity of the caspase 8 on Caco2 and Mcf7 (p-value 0.029 & 0.007 respectively), caspase 9 (p-value 0.01 and 0.0001 respectively), and caspase 3 activity (p-value= 0.008and 0.004 respectively) when compared to its control. Analysis of the cell cycle showed substantial arrest in phases G0/G1 & G2/M phases. Also, the results showed significant increase in total oxygen capacity dependant on dose treated Finally, Moringa Oleifera (L) extract is a promising agent against colon and breast cancer and these results need to further evaluation to be confirmed.

[Wafaa A. Ahmed, Farid A. Abu-Bedair Kashwaa, Om Hashem M. Abd El Hameed and Mohamed A. Elhefny,. Potential role of Moringa oleifera on different cell lines and experimental animal model. Cancer Biology 2020;10(3):63-69]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 5. doi:10.7537/marscbj100320.05.

Key words: Cytotoxicity, Apoptosis, cell cycle, Moringa oleifera

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Diverting stoma after low anterior resection for rectal cancer could reduce postoperative complications:

a propensity score matching study

Mahmoud R. Shehata³, Abdallah Mohamed Taha², Hussein Fakhry¹, Mohamed El Dosoky, Muhammad Abd El-Gawad Shawky⁵, Amer yehia⁶, Anwar Tawfik¹, Murad A. Jabir¹.

¹Department of Surgical Oncology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

²Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.

³Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.

⁴Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Assiut, Egypt.

⁵Department of Tropical medicine and Gastroenterology, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.

⁶Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.

E-mail: muradjabir@aun.edu.eg

Abstract: Objective: This study evaluates the protective diverting stoma (DS) after low anterior resection (LAR) for rectal cancer regarding its impact on short-term surgical outcomes. Methods: All patients with rectal carcinoma referred to south Egypt Cancer Institute for surgical management between July 2011, and July 2017, were involved in the study. Patients (203 patients) who underwent LAR for rectal cancer with or without diverting stoma were recruited from our prospectively maintained database. Propensity score matching was used to minimize bias between the group who had diverting stoma and the group who did not have one. Demographic, clinical, operative and short-term surgical outcomes were reviewed and analyzed. Results: Sixty-one patients were included in each group. No significant difference in the demographic and clinico-pathological data was found between the two groups. The operative parameters between the 2 groups showed no significant differences in surgical approach, intraoperative contaminations or the way of anastomosis. Post-operatively, the overall complications rate was 34.5 %. The stoma group had a statistically significant lower rate of complications compared to patients without stoma (21.3% vs. 38.7, P=0.023). Significant differences were noted in postoperative ileus (P=0.03), pneumonia (P=0.03), surgical site infection (P=0.05), reoperation (P=0.04), and length of hospital stay, (P=0.001). There were no significant statistical differences in incidence of thromboembolic disorders (P=0.52), anastomotic leaks (P=0.07) or hospital mortality (P=0.07). ICU admission rate was significantly less (P=0.05). Conclusion: The diverting stoma after LAR for rectal cancer significantly decreased postoperative complications and the need for reoperation suggesting its protective role after LAR.

[Mahmoud R. Shehata, Abdallah Mohamed Taha, Hussein Fakhry, Mohamed El Dosoky, Muhammad Abd El-Gawad Shawky, Amer yehia, Anwar Tawfik, Murad A. Jabir. Impact of diverting stoma in low anterior resection for rectal cancer on short-term surgical outcomes and reoperation. Cancer Biology 2020;10(3):70-75]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 6. doi:10.7537/marscbj100320.06.

Keywords: Rectal cancer; Surgical Stomas; Anterior resection; Colon; GIT surgery.

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CRISP Cas-9 and Cancer Biology Research Literatures

Mark Herbert, PhD

39-06 Main Street, Flushing, Queens, New York 11354, USA, ma8080@gmail.com

Abstract: Cancer is the general name for a group of more than 100 diseases. Although there are many kinds of cancer, all cancers start because abnormal cells grow out of control. Untreated cancers can cause serious illness and death. The body is made up of trillions of living cells. Normal body cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly fashion. During the early years of a person’s life, normal cells divide faster to allow the person to grow. After the person becomes an adult, most cells divide only to replace worn-out or dying cells or to repair injuries. This article introduces recent research reports as references in the related studies.

[Mark H. CRISP Cas-9 and Cancer Biology Research Literatures. Cancer Biology 2020;10(3):76-94]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 7. doi:10.7537/marscbj100320.07.

Key words: cancer; life; research; literature; cell

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Alcohol and Cancer Biology Research Literatures

Mark Herbert, PhD

World Development Institute

39-06 Main Street, Flushing, Queens, New York 11354, USA, ma708090@gmail.com

Abstract: Cancer is the general name for a group of more than 100 diseases. Although there are many kinds of cancer, all cancers start because abnormal cells grow out of control. Untreated cancers can cause serious illness and death. The body is made up of trillions of living cells. Normal body cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly fashion. During the early years of a person’s life, normal cells divide faster to allow the person to grow. After the person becomes an adult, most cells divide only to replace worn-out or dying cells or to repair injuries. This article introduces recent research reports as references in the related studies.

[Mark H. Alcohol and Cancer Biology Research Literatures. Cancer Biology 2020;10(3):95-107]. ISSN: 2150-1041 (print); ISSN: 2150-105X (online). http://www.cancerbio.net. 8. doi:10.7537/marscbj100320.08.

Key words: cancer; life; research; literature; cell; alcohol

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