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The Journal of American Science
ISSN 1545-1003
Volume 6, Issue 4
Cover
Page, Introduction, Contents, Call
for Papers, All
papers in one file
The
following manuscripts are presented as online first for
peer-review, starting from February 14, 2010.
All
comments are welcome: editor@americanscience.org
Welcome to send your
manuscript(s) to: americansciencej@gmail.com.
CONTENTS
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No.
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Titles / Authors
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page
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1
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Relationship between Body Fat Percent and Maximal Oxygen
Uptake among Young Adults
1A.R Amani, 2M.N. Somchit, 3M.M. B Konting, 4Kok L Y
1,3,4Department of Sport Science,
Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia
2 Department of Biomedical Science,
Faculty of Health and Medical, Universiti Putra Malaysia
¹Alireza.daryasar@gmail.com
, nazrul.hakim@gmail.com
Abstract: The present study
was conducting to examine the relationship between maximum
oxygen uptake (VO2max) and body fat percent among
international students in Universiti Putra Malaysia. VO2max
and body fat percent are importance factors at health and sport
research. Twenty six male student (26 +/- 5 years old in age
and 168 +/- 5 cm in high and 73 +/- 5 kg in weight) at Universiti
Putra Malaysia. Maximal were participated at this
investigation. Oxygen Uptake and body fat percent have been
measured by the routine protocols. At the end of this research
have been shown signification and negative correlation (-0.042)
between the VO2max and body fat percent. Results of
this investigation show that there is negative correlation
between maximum oxygen uptake and body fat percent. Increase
the VO2max have been shown with decrease and improve
on body composition. [Journal of
American Science
2010;6(4):1-4]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
Key Words: Maximum Oxygen Uptake, Body Fat
Percent, Aerobic Capacity, Physical Activity
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2
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An Investigation on Supplier Delivery
Performance by using SPC Techniques for Automotive Industry
Soroush Avakh
Darestani 1, Md Yusof Ismail 2, Napsiah
bt Ismail 3,
Rosnah bt. Mohd. Yusuff 4
1. Department of Mechanical and
manufacturing engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400,
Malaysia, soroushavakh@yahoo.com,Tel:
+60172986210
2. Department of Manufacturing
engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Malaysia
3 Department of Mechanical and
manufacturing engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400,
Malaysia
4 Department of Mechanical and
manufacturing engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400,
Malaysia
Abstract: As about 60% of finished price of
goods are allocated to raw material and purchased parts by
suppliers in the chain of automotive industry, the importance
of supplier management and its performance is an ongoing
problem. Moreover the need of monitoring of supplier
performance has been emphasized in Quality Management System of
automotive industry ISO/TS16949. To meet standard requirement
and also continuous improvement in business, companies need to
monitor their supplier performance. Delivery and quality are
two of the most important indicators of supplier evaluation.
This paper introduces a statistical approach to monitor
supplier performance over time by using control charts. To
monitor supplier delivery performance, a statistical control
chart is developed based on conceptual model of how to
implement in industry. Normality test is done on data and upper
and lower control limits are calculated. Data gathered from
supplier of a tier 1 company and out of control signals are
recognized on chart. All out of control signals are removed
from control chart and updated “In control” is
obtained with improved mean and standard deviation. It can be
employed in the industry and should result in improvement in
supplier performance over time. [Journal of American Science 2010;6(4):5-11].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
Key words: Delivery
Performance, Statistical Monitoring, Quality Management System
(QMS)
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3
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A New Species of Cuttlefish , Sepia vecchioni (Cephalopoda,Sepiidae)
from
Colachal Coast, South
India
Neethiselvan1 N, Venkataramani2
VK
1. Fisheries Training and Research
Center,VUTRC,Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences
University,Aavin campus,
Nanjikottai
Road, Thanjavur-613 006, Tamil Nadu, India
2. Fisheries College and Research
Institute, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences
University,
Thoothukkudi
- 628 008, Tamil Nadu, India
[email:drneethi@yahoo.co.in]
Abstract: A new species of cuttlefish Sepia vecchioni sp.
nov. hitherto wrongly
treated as S. prashadi Winckworth, 1936, collected
from the Colachal fish
landing centre (8o10’ N, 77o15’E
) of South India is
described. The dorsal mantle of S. vecchioni sp. nov. has
distinct white
stripes facing upwards in contrast to transverse zebra
type stripes with the ends facing downward in the closely related species,
S. prashadi.
Unlike S.prashadi,
a well-defined sexual
dimorphism with respect to shape and length of arm is also seen in S. vecchioni sp.nov. In matured males of this
species, the first and fourth pair of arms
are greatly extended
and the first pair
is whip like. Males of
this species also differ
from that of S.prashadi with regard to sucker
arrangement on
hectocotylized arm .
Though both the species can be classified under Acanthosepion species complex of Rochebrune
(1984) based on cuttle
bone characteristics, Sepia vecchioni sp.nov.
also shares the
characters of the Rhombosepion species
complex of Rochebrune (1984) by having weakly and incompletely
calcified cuttlebone. The comparison of morphological
characters, meristic
characters and cuttlebone characteristics of S.vecchioni
sp.nov. with that of
other five
closely related species of the genus Sepia of world
waters are also discussed.[Journal of American Science 2010;6(4):12-21]
(ISSN:1545-1003).
Keywords: Sepia
vecchioni sp.nov.; Sepia
prashadi; Acanthosepion species complex; Rhombosepion
species complex; Hectocotylization
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Water quality monitoring in Nigeria;
Case Study of Nigeria’s industrial cities
Ekiye, Ebiare
1* and Luo Zejiao 1
1China University of Geosciences,
Department of Environmental science.
388 Lumo
road, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, P.R. China.
luozejiao@hotmail.com
Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze
the state of water quality management in Nigeria’s
industrial cities. In a developing country such as Nigeria,
there is immense demand for advancement in various facets of
living and economic development is a priority of the
government. This has led to increase in industries resulting in
an increased quantity of discharge and a wide range of
pollutants reaching water bodies. This study indicates that
both urbanization and industrialization have contributed to the
large scale of pollution currently observed in most Nigerian
cities notably those swarming with industries namely; Lagos,
Rivers, Kano and Kaduna states. There are no incentives for
implementing pollution reduction measures. Wastes are disposed
indiscriminately especially for small and medium scale
industries. Data for this paper were obtained by observation,
investigation and from related studies on the subject matter.
Finally, this paper proposes constant river water monitoring as
a step towards pollution abatement. [Journal of American Science 2010;6(4):22-28].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
Key words: Water, Quality, Monitoring, Nigeria,
Industrial Cities
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5
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Research
article:
The effects of nanophase SiO2
particles on the strength and workability of binary blended
concrete
Alireza Naji Givi 1, Suraya Abdul Rashid 2,
Farah Nora A. Aziz 3, Mohamad Amran Mohd Salleh
2, Ali Nazari 4
1. Institute of Advanced Technology,
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
2. Department of Chemical and
Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti
Putra Malaysia
3. Department of Civil Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
2. Department of Chemical and
Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti
Putra Malaysia
4. Department of Technical and
Engineering Sciences, Islamic Azad University (Saveh Branch),
Saveh, Iran
najigivi@yahoo.com
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to
investigate the compressive strength and workability of concrete
by partial replacement of cement with nano-phase SiO2
particles. SiO2 nanoparticles with the
average diameter of 15 nm were used with four different contents
of 0.5%, 0.1%, 1.5% and 2.0% by weight. The results showed that
the use of nano-SiO2 particles up to maximum
replacement level of 2.0% produces concrete with improved
strength. However, the ultimate strength of concrete was gained
at 1.0% of cement replacement. The workability of fresh concrete
was decreased by increasing the content of SiO2
nanoparticles. It is concluded that partial replacement of
cement with nanophase SiO2 particles improves the
compressive strength of concrete but decreases its workability. [Journal
of American Science 2010;6(4):29-33]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
Key words: Nanophase SiO2 particles;
concrete; compressive strength; workability.
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6
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Embedded System Using Ultrasonic
Waves and Voice Biometric to
Build an E-Glass for the
Blinds
Kenza Meridji1, Khalid
T. Al-Sarayreh1.
1
School of Higher Technology (ÉTS), University
of Québec, Montréal, Québec H3C 1K3, Canada
1kenza.meridji.1@ens.etsmtl.ca,1khalid.al-sarayreh.1@ens.etsmtl.ca
Abstract: Currently, embedded and real time systems are used in wide range of a related
human applications to improve the quality of our lives such as
embedded systems for communication ( Mobile,
satellite, and avionics systems), and control systems such as (microwaves,
refrigerators and embedded system in vehicles). Nevertheless,
embedded and real time systems are still immature. The
application of these systems is used for various devices. However,
these systems are never used for a human body to complete human
missing-part functionality; which means the embedded system can
be used as part of natural neural networks in a human system
nerve. This paper proposes a technical view to build an
electronic glass (E-Glass) for the blind people. Moreover, this paper provides the complete
E-Glass electronic circuit in which the electronic scanning
system to tackle the objects and time signals are included. This
E-Glass could be used by the blind to assist them in their ways
without any human assistance. Moreover, it will be used by the
blind to make them self confidence, to let them walk
independently and to increase their morality. It is important
to note that the hardware and software components of the
E-Glass are not expensive. This work could be provided to the practitioner’s
people in the industry or to the students of the department of
electrical or biomedical engineering. [Journal
of American Science 2010;6(4):34-42] (ISSN: 1545-1003).
Keywords: Embedded System, Neural Networks, Ultra Sonic Wave,
Artificial Intelligence, Voice Biometric.
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The effects of TiO2
particles on the strength and workability of binary blended
concrete
Alireza Naji
Givi and Ali Nazari
Department
of Technical and Engineering Sciences, Islamic Azad University
(Saveh Branch), Saveh, Iran
presidentship2022@yahoo.com
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to
investigate the compressive strength and workability of
concrete by partial replacement of cement with nano-phase TiO2
particles. TiO2 nanoparticles with the
average diameter of 15 nm were used with four different
contents of 0.5%, 0.1%, 1.5% and 2.0% by weight. The results
showed that the use of nano- TiO2 particles up to
maximum replacement level of 2.0% produces concrete with
improved strength. However, the ultimate strength of concrete
was gained at 1.0% of cement replacement. The workability of
fresh concrete was decreased by increasing the content of TiO2
nanoparticles. It is concluded that partial replacement of
cement with nanophase TiO2 particles improves the
compressive strength of concrete but decreases its workability.
[Journal of American Science 2010;6(4):43-46]. (ISSN:
1545-1003).
Key words: Nanophase TiO2 particles;
concrete; compressive strength; workability.
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Treatment of Light Contaminated
Surface Water Using Slow Sand Filtration in China
Gracious
Grace Lwesya 1*, Yilian Li 1
1.China University of Geosciences,
School of Environmental Sciences, 388 Lumo Road, Hongshan
District, Wuhan City, Hubei province, 430074, P.R.China
graciouslwesya@yahoo.co.uk yl.li988@yahoo.com.cn
Abstract: This was a comparative study to
investigate the effectiveness of slow sand filtration with the
best type of sand in filtering water from the domestic lake at
China University of Geosciences (CUG) in Wuhan. It was a
laboratory scale experiment which had four columns with all
having a length of 100 cm in height, 3cm in diameter, and the
sand was filled to a depth of 80cm with sand sizes of
0.075-2mm, 0.075-0.5 mm, 0.5-2mm and a control of 0.075-2mm
with no pre-growth of bio-film. The rate of trickling water was
set at 2 rounds per meter (rpm) and the filter run period was
15 days with 7 days wet and 3 days dry cycle to prevent
clogging. COD, TN, TP, DO and OC were analyzed. Overall, fine
sand column had the best results but specifically, COD
efficiency rate was best in column of fine sand with 83%, TP in
mixed sand with 81%, TN in fine sand column with 67% and DO in
the control column with 8.15mg/L and OC was best in fine sand
column with 22.59g. The best type of sand would be considered
as 0.075-0.5 mm because it dominated in most results. With all
the conditions in place, slow sand filtration was very
effective as it removes most of the organic matter and
suspended materials hence the water can easily be re-used not
only due to its efficiency but also its simplicity in
operation, cost effectiveness as well as being environmentally
sound. [Journal
of American Science 2010;6(4):47-57]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
Keywords: Sand, filtration, bio-film, sand
effectiveness.
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9
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Mineralization of organic compounds in
wastewater contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbon using
Fenton’s reagent: a kinetic study
Gbehou Nounagnon Achille 1,*,
Li Yilian 1
- School of
Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences,
Hubei province, 388. Lumo Road, 430074 Wuhan, P.R China, achillegbehou@yahoo.fr,
008615927014830
- China University
of Geosciences, Department of Environmental Sciences, 388 Lumo Road, Hongshan
District, Wuhan City, Hubei province, 430074, P.R.China, yl.li988@yahoo.com.cn
Abstract: In the present work, the possibility
of using chemical oxidation through Fenton’s reaction for
the pre-treatment of wastewater contaminated with petroleum
hydrocarbon was investigated as laboratory-scale experiments.
The effect of different operational conditions, namely,
hydrogen peroxide, ferrous ion concentrations, temperature, and
initial pH were evaluated. Operating at initial pH of 3, with a
temperature of 28 oC and a molar ratio H2O2/Fe2+
= 9:1, it gave us 70.58% removal of COD. A kinetic study was
carried out using a modified pseudo-first-order model. The
experiment was performed at different temperatures hence allowed
the calculation of Arrhenuis equation parameters and the global
activation energy for the first-order reaction. [Journal of
American Science
2010;6(4):58-66]. (ISSN: 1545-1003).
Key words: Chemical oxidation, wastewater, COD,
activation energy
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10
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Similarity Identification and Measurement
between Ontologies
Amjad
Farooq and Abad Shah
Computer
Science and Engineering Department
University of
Engineering and Technology, Lahore – Pakistan
amjadfarooquet@gmail.com
Abstract: The retrieval of relevant and precise
information from web has always been remained a serious
problem. To address this problem, the idea of ontologies-based
web, so-called semantic web, was proposed in 2001. But the
problem is not completely solved due to the semantic heterogeneity
suffered by ontologies. In this paper we propose a
semi-automatic technique to measure the explicit semantic
heterogeneity. The proposed technique identifies all candidate
pairs of similar concepts without omitting any similar pair. The
proposed criteria for similarity measurement are based on theme
semantic web. The proposed technique can be used in different
types of operations on ontologies such as merging, mapping and
aligning. By analyzing its results a reasonable improvement in
terms of completeness, correctness and overall quality of the
results has been found. . [Journal of American Science 2010; 6(4):67-85].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
Keywords: Semantic
Web, Heterogeneity, Ontology Matching, Similarity Identification
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11
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The effects of nano-SiO2 particle size on
the split tensile and flexural strength of binary blended
concrete
Ali Nazari and Alireza Naji Givi
Department
of Technical and Engineering Sciences, Islamic Azad University
(Saveh Branch), Saveh, Iran
alinazari84@aut.ac.ir
Abstract: In this
Paper, the split tensile
and flexural strength together with the setting time of
concrete by partial replacement of cement with nano-phase SiO2
particles has been studied. SiO2 nanoparticles with
the average diameter of 15 nm were used with four different
contents of 0.5%, 0.1%, 1.5% and 2.0% by weight. The results
showed that the use of nano-SiO2 particles up to
maximum replacement level of 2.0% produces concrete with
improved split tensile strength. However, the ultimate strength
of concrete was gained at 1.0% of cement replacement. The flexural
strength of fresh concrete was increased by increasing the
content of SiO2 nanoparticles. The setting time of
fresh concrete was decreased by increasing the content of SiO2
nanoparticles. It is concluded that partial replacement of
cement with nanophase SiO2 particles improves the split
tensile and flexural strength of concrete but decreases its
setting time. [Journal of American Science 2010;6(4):86-89].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
Key words: Nanophase SiO2 particles;
concrete; split tensile strength; flexural strength.
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The effects of nano-Fe2O3
particle size on the split tensile and flexural strength of
binary blended concrete
Ali Nazari and Alireza Naji Givi
Department
of Technical and Engineering Sciences, Islamic Azad University
(Saveh Branch), Saveh, Iran
alinazari84@aut.ac.ir
Abstract: In this
Paper, the split tensile
and flexural strength together with the setting time of
concrete by partial replacement of cement with nano-phase Fe2O3
particles has been studied. Fe2O3
nanoparticles with the average diameter of 15 nm
were used with four different contents of 0.5%, 0.1%, 1.5% and
2.0% by weight. The results showed that the use of nano- Fe2O3
particles up to maximum replacement level of 2.0%
produces concrete with improved split tensile strength.
However, the ultimate strength of concrete was gained at 1.0%
of cement replacement. The flexural strength of fresh concrete
was increased by increasing the content of Fe2O3
nanoparticles. The setting time of fresh concrete was decreased
by increasing the content of Fe2O3
nanoparticles. It is concluded that partial replacement of
cement with nanophase Fe2O3 particles
improves the split tensile and flexural strength of concrete
but decreases its setting time. [Journal of American Science 2010;6(4):90-93].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
Key words: Nanophase Fe2O3
particles; concrete; split tensile strength; flexural strength.
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The effects of nano-Al2O3
particle size on the split tensile and flexural strength of
binary blended concrete
Ali Nazari and Alireza Naji Givi
Department
of Technical and Engineering Sciences, Islamic Azad University
(Saveh Branch), Saveh, Iran
alinazari84@aut.ac.ir
Abstract: In this
Paper, the split tensile
and flexural strength together with the setting time of
concrete by partial replacement of cement with nano-phase Al2O3
particles has been studied. Al2O3
nanoparticles with the average diameter of 15 nm
were used with four different contents of 0.5%, 0.1%, 1.5% and
2.0% by weight. The results showed that the use of nano- Al2O3
particles up to maximum replacement level of 2.0%
produces concrete with improved split tensile strength.
However, the ultimate strength of concrete was gained at 1.0%
of cement replacement. The flexural strength of fresh concrete
was increased by increasing the content of Al2O3
nanoparticles. The setting time of fresh concrete was decreased
by increasing the content of Al2O3
nanoparticles. It is concluded that partial replacement of
cement with nanophase Al2O3 particles
improves the split tensile and flexural strength of concrete
but decreases its setting time. [Journal of American Science 2010;6(4):94-97].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
Key words: Nanophase Al2O3
particles; concrete; split tensile strength; flexural strength.
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The effects of nano-TiO2 particle size on
the split tensile and flexural strength of binary blended
concrete
Ali Nazari and Alireza Naji Givi
Department
of Technical and Engineering Sciences, Islamic Azad University
(Saveh Branch), Saveh, Iran
alinazari84@aut.ac.ir
Abstract: In this
Paper, the split tensile
and flexural strength together with the setting time of
concrete by partial replacement of cement with nano-phase TiO2
particles has been studied. TiO2 nanoparticles with
the average diameter of 15 nm were used with four different
contents of 0.5%, 0.1%, 1.5% and 2.0% by weight. The results
showed that the use of nano-TiO2 particles up to
maximum replacement level of 2.0% produces concrete with
improved split tensile strength. However, the ultimate strength
of concrete was gained at 1.0% of cement replacement. The flexural
strength of fresh concrete was increased by increasing the
content of TiO2 nanoparticles. The setting time of
fresh concrete was decreased by increasing the content of TiO2
nanoparticles. It is concluded that partial replacement of
cement with nanophase TiO2 particles improves the split
tensile and flexural strength of concrete but decreases its
setting time. [Journal of American Science 2010;6(4):98-101].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
Key words: Nanophase
TiO2 particles; concrete; split tensile strength; flexural
strength.
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The effects of Fe2O3
particles on the strength and workability of binary blended
concrete
Alireza Naji
Givi and Ali Nazari
Department
of Technical and Engineering Sciences, Islamic Azad University
(Saveh Branch), Saveh, Iran
presidentship2022@yahoo.com
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to
investigate the compressive strength and workability of
concrete by partial replacement of cement with nano-phase Fe2O3
particles. Fe2O3 nanoparticles with
the average diameter of 15 nm were used with four different
contents of 0.5%, 0.1%, 1.5% and 2.0% by weight. The results
showed that the use of nano-Fe2O3 particles
up to maximum replacement level of 2.0% produces concrete with
improved strength. However, the ultimate strength of concrete
was gained at 1.0% of cement replacement. The workability of
fresh concrete was decreased by increasing the content of Fe2O3
nanoparticles. It is concluded that partial replacement of
cement with nanophase Fe2O3 particles
improves the compressive strength of concrete but decreases its
workability. [Journal of American Science 2010;6(4):102-106].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
Key words: Nanophase Fe2O3
particles; concrete; compressive strength; workability.
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Biodegradation of Produce Water
Hydrocarbons by Pure Cultures of Alcaligenes sp.
Chuma C Okoro
1, Olukayode O
Amund 2
1 Department
of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Caleb University,
Lagos
2 Department
of Botany and Microbiology,
University of Lagos, Nigeria
chuma2k2001@yahoo.com
Abstract: Biodegradation studies of hydrocarbons
in untreated produce water from an oil production facility in
Nigeria was undertaken over a period of time using pure cultures
of Alkaligenes sp. Isolated
from Escravos River where produce water was being discharged as
at the time the studies were carried out. Gas chromatography
and mass spectrometry were used to monitor the rate of
reduction in some petroleum hydrocarbon fractions while the
index used to evaluate biodegradation was the decreasing trend
in the ratios of nC17/Pristane and nC18/Phytane. Gas
chromatographic analysis showed that untreated produced water
used for the study had an oil and grease content of 1407mg/L, this
includes n-alkanes (608mg/L), Aromatics (13.88mg/L), NSO
compounds (12.68mg/L) PAHs(0.833mg/L) and some unidentified
greasy components. Upon mechanical treatment, the oil and
grease component of produce water was reduced to 44mg/L
comprising of n-alkanes (38.40mg/L), Aromatics (2.65mg/L), NSO
compounds (1.78mg/L), PAHs (0.0655mg/L) and some unidentified
greasy component. A pure culture of Alcaligenes sp. after 40 days of exposure to
untreated produced water reduced the oil and grease content to
19.58mg/l comprising of n-Alkanes (16.87mg/l), Total aromatics
(1.25mg/l), NSO compounds (0.98mg/l) and PAH (0.0096mg/l). This
result indicate that produce water is readily biodegradable and
pure cultures of Alcaligenes
sp. used for the study were very efficient in the degradation
of produced water hydrocarbons especially the recalcitrant PAH
component when compared with the conventional mechanical
treatment process. [Journal of American Science 2010;6(4):107-113].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
Key words: Pure culture, Produce
water, Biodegradation, Hydrocarbon, Alcaligenes sp.
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Recognition of
Nonrandom Patterns on Supply Performance by Employing
Statistical Monitoring
Soroush Avakh Darestani 1, Professor Dr. Md.
Yusof Ismail 2,
Associate professor Dr. Napsiah bt. Ismail 3
1. Department
of Mechanical and manufacturing engineering,
University Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400, Malaysia, soroushavakh@yahoo.com
2. Department of Manufacturing
Engineering, University Malaysia Pahang (UMP), 26300, Malaysia
3. Department
of Mechanical and manufacturing engineering, University Putra
Malaysia (UPM),
43400 Malaysia
Abstract: This paper introduces a practical
methodology of assignable signals and Run chart tests for
identification of nonrandom patterns of supplier performance by
statistical monitoring. The assumption of normal distribution
is one of the important factors to implement a control chart in
industry and service. It is supposed that natural data shows
lack of any nonrandom pattern signals or out of control points
on control chart. The data of supplier’s on-time delivery
for automotive industry has been gathered and illustrated on
control chart by employing appropriate transformation and
assignable signals and run chart were tested on the control
chart accordingly. The results show that tests were able to
identify nonrandom patterns of supplier performance data. Out
of control signals were removed from the control chart and show
that on-time delivery performance was increased accordingly.
The control chart with natural pattern can be used as pilot for
monitoring supplier delivery over time and improve supplier
delivery performance. [Journal of American Science 2010;6(4):114-122].
(ISSN: 1545-1003).
Key words: Run Chart Pattern Recognition (RCPR);
Johnson Transformation; Supply Performance; Statistical Process
Control (SPC); Anderson-Darling test (AD); On-Time Delivery
(OTD)
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