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Evaluation of Habitats of Mosquitoes (Culicidae) Larvae in the Gwagwalada Area Council, Federal Capital Territory Abuja

Ebuzoeme, Vincent

Department of Biological Science, University of Abuja, Nigeria.

ebuzoemev@gmail.com

Abstract: Studies on the evaluation of larval habitats of mosquitoes (culicidae) in selected Communities of Gwagwalada Area Council of Federal Capital Territory, Abuja were carried out from January 2015 to December 2015 using standard entomological procedures at various communities of Dobi, Kutunku, Paiko Kore and Tungamaje. Of the 391 selected potential larval habitats/sites examined 272 breeding were found to contain larvae. The abundance of mosquito larvae in the various breeding habitats were as follows; Gutters (BH1) 528 (30.72%), Ditches/ponds (BH2) 289 (16.81%), Road side pot holes (BH3) 163 (9.48%), Clay pots (BH4) 283 (16.46%), peri-domestic run-off water (BH5) 115 (6.69%), Plastic Containers (BH6) 77 (4.48%), Abandoned tyres (BH7) 207 (12.04%), Metals containers (BH8) 49 (2.85%), Tree holes/leaf axils (BH9) 8 (0.47%) respectively. A total of one thousand seven hundred and nineteen (1719) mosquito larvae were collected and classified into three genera Aedes 601 (34.96%), Anopheles 309 (17.98%) and Culex 809 (47.06%) respectively. The mosquito larval abundance in these study areas were significantly (P<0.05) different. The continued presence of Anopheles and Culex would ensure endemicity of malaria and filariasis in Gwagwalada, while the presence of Aedes points towards the potential risks of yellow fever and arbo-virus diseases in the area. The results are discussed and the need for concerted efforts in mosquito control in Gwagwalada is hereby suggested.

[Ebuzoeme, Vincent. Evaluation of Habitats of Mosquitoes (Culicidae) Larvae in the Gwagwalada Area Council, Federal Capital Territory Abuja. Researcher 2016;8(12):1-5]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 1. doi:10.7537/marsrsj081216.01.

Keywords: Larvae, Mosquitoes, Breeding habitats, Abundance, Gwagwalada.

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A Synoptic Review on Ecological Toxicology and Environmental Sustainability

Leera Solomon, Victoria Daminabo and Chinedu Azubuike Uzor

Department of Science Laboratory Technology, School of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt Polytechnic, Rumuola, P.M.B. 5936, Port Harcourt, Rivers State

sololeera@yahoo.com

Abstract: Ecotoxicology and environmental sustainability issues was synoptically reviewed. Communities of living things and the environments they live in, form ecosystems. Ecosystems include rivers, ponds, deserts, grassland and forests, all of which can be affected by toxic chemicals. The impact of these toxicants on environment and biodiversity has been of great concern for the last fifty years. Toxicity depends on dose, duration and route of exposure, shape and structure of the pesticides and chemical themselves. Ecotoxicologists study what happens to toxicants themselves, where they go in the environment, how long they last and how they finally breakdown. Toxic agents include heavy metals, solvents and vapours, radiation and radioactive materials, dioxin/furans, pesticides, plant and animal toxins. Introduction of toxic agents into environmental media renders the environment unsustainable. This increasing hostile and unhealthy environment is causing the dislocation, depletion and extinction of biota whose physicochemical properties are self-regulating, self-sustaining and self-perpetuating so that they are maintained in a favourable range for life.

[Solomon, L., Daminabo, V. and Uzor, C.A. A Synoptic Review on Ecological toxicology and Environmental Sustainability. Researcher 2016;8(12):6-10]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 2. doi:10.7537/marsrsj081216.02.

Keywords: Toxic agents, environmental media, Ecotoxicology, environmental sustainability

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Petroleum hydrocarbon variations revealed by chemical fingerprinting of oil spill soils with similar contamination source.

Mark O. Onyema ^1*, Leo C Osuji ¹, Ifenna P. Ilechukwu ²

^1. Petroleum and Environmental Geochemistry Research Group, Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B 5323 Choba, 500001, Rivers State, Nigeria

^2. Department of Industrial Chemistry, Madonna University, Elele Campus, P.M.B. 48 Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria

onyemark@yahoo.com

Abstract: Chemical fingerprinting technique was used to determine the composition, contamination extent and significance of petroleum hydrocarbon variation in an oil spill site with similar contamination source. Soil samples were collected from an oil spill site in Ogoni area, Niger Delta, at surface (0 to 15cm) and subsurface (15 to 30cm) depths and analyzed with gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID) after extraction and fractionation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Total petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations from 3,667.1 to 4 591.9 mg/kg in surface samples and 2,206.4 to 2,949.0 mg/kg in subsurface samples revealed the Niger Delta soils were polluted. Petroleum hydrocarbons were characterized by dominance of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with average compositions of 89.67% and 74.38% in surface and subsurface samples respectively. Diagnostic ratios of n-alkanes and isoprenoids suggest the oil spill hydrocarbons were altered by combustion in surface soils and by biodegradation in subsurface soils. PAH diagnostic ratios also suggested pyrogenic derived hydrocarbons in surface soils and pyrogenic input to petrogenic hydrocarbons in subsurface soils. In conclusion, the spilled crude oil polluted the Niger Delta soils at both surface and subsurface depths. As at sampling, the oil spill soils had undergone burning, which was less effective at subsurface depth.

[Onyema MO, Osuji LC, Ilechukwu IP. Petroleum hydrocarbon variations revealed by chemical fingerprinting of oil spill soils with similar contamination source. Researcher 2016;8(12):11-18]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3. doi:10.7537/marsrsj081216.03.

Keywords: chemical fingerprinting, diagnostic ratios, Niger delta, oil spill, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), aliphatic hydrocarbon (AHC)

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The New Prime theorems（191）-（240）

Chun-Xuan Jiang

P. O. Box 3924, Beijing 100854, P. R. China

jiangchunxuan@vip.sohu.com

Abstract: Using Jiang function we prove that the new prime theorems (141)-（190) contain infinitely many prime solutions and no prime solutions. School of mathematics (institute for advanced study) has long been recognized as the leading international center of research and postdoctoral training in pure mathematics. They should support the new prime theorems (1)-(240).

[Chun-Xuan Jiang. The New Prime theorems（191）-（240）. Researcher 2016;8(12):19-70]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 4. doi:10.7537/marsrsj081216.04.

Keywords: prime; theorem; function; number; new

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Role of Two Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Detection of Subclinical Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Ahmed Roza⁽¹⁾, Samy Nooh ⁽²⁾, Yasser Omar ⁽³⁾, Ahmed Elashkar ⁽⁴⁾ and Ahmed Abouel Azm⁽⁵⁾

Professor of Cardiology - Faculty of Medicine - Al-Azhar University, Egypt ⁽¹⁾

Assistant Professor of Cardiology - Faculty of Medicine - Al-Azhar University, Egypt ⁽²⁾

Lecturer of Cardiology - Faculty of Medicine - Al-Azhar University, Egypt ^(3),

 Lecturer of Internal Medicine - Faculty of Medicine - Al-Azhar University, Egypt ⁽⁴⁾

M.B.B.CH- Faculty of Medicine - Cairo University, Egypt ⁽⁵⁾

ahmedsobhymohamedaboulazm@gmail.com

Abstract: Introduction: Patients with Systemic lupus erythematosus have increased prevalence of subclinical left ventricular dysfunction which may be a prognostic indicator of cardiac mortality and morbidity. Speckle tracking Echocardiography is a new echocardiographic technique that allows a precise evaluation of myocardial function. This method is accurate, reproducible, and angle independent, and it enables a complete assessment of regional and global function in three directions. Aim of the work: The objective of this study was to detect subclinical LV dysfunction in SLE patients without clinically evident cardiovascular (CV) disease using STE. Material and methods: The study was done in Echocardiography Unit, Cardiology department, at Al-Hussein and Bab EL-She ‘Riya University Hospitals – Al-Azhar University – Cairo – Egypt from October 2015 to November 2016. It included ninety patients, the patients were classified in to two groups: Group (A): 30 persons as a control subjects, Group (B1): 30 SLE patients with SLEAI less than 10, Group (B2): 30 SLE patients with SLEAI more than 10. The 2D STE assessment of LV longitudinal and circumferential strain and strain rate were done to all subjects. Results: In SLE group, left ventricular global longitudinal, circumferential strain and strain rate were significantly lower compared with the controls. Conclusion: In conclusion the relatively new STE can be used to diagnose subtle abnormalities in LV function in SLE patients which could not be detected by conventional TTE or TDI Recommendations: The STE technique should be combined with conventional echocardiography for follow up of ventricular function in SLE patients.

[Ahmed Roza, SamyNooh, Yasser Omar, Ahmed Elashkar and Ahmed Abouel Azm. Role of Two Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Detection of Subclinical Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Researcher 2016;8(12):71-77]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 5. doi:10.7537/marsrsj081216.05.

Keywords: systemic lupus erythematosus - ventricular function - speckle tracking echocardiography

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Integrated Geophysical Investigation Of Structural Failure Of A Building At Ido Local Government Secretariat Ibadan, Nigeria.

Olatunde I. Popoola and Luqman A. Bello

Department of Physics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

Abstract: The House of Chief Building at Ido Local Government Council Secretariat Ibadan, which was commissioned in April 2008, has developed several cracks on its walls and floors, making it uninhabitable. The integration of Very Low Frequency (VLF) Electromagnetic and Electrical Resistivity methods were used to establish the effect of foundation on the failure of the building. Eight VLF traverses were laid across the building and its immediate surrounding for profiling in the N-S direction from where thirteen station points were selected for Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) using the Schlumberger configuration. Three subsurface layers were delineated; the topsoil, clayey layer and weathered basement with resistivity values ranging from 88–416Ωm, 28–155Ωm and 256–7635Ωm respectively. The thicknesses of the top soil and the clayey layer ranged from 0.7–2.1m and 6.1–14.8m. Around the vicinity of the building, the resistivity of the weathered layer beneath the foundation was found to be low, ranging from 28–75Ωm typical of clayey materials. The compressible clayey formation underneath the building has led to differential sinking of the foundation which led to the cracks on its walls and floors.

[Olatunde I. Popoola and Luqman A. Bello. Integrated Geophysical Investigation Of Structural Failure Of A Building At Ido Local Government Secretariat Ibadan, Nigeria. Researcher 2016;8(12):78-90]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 6. doi:10.7537/marsrsj081216.06.

Keywords: Integrated Geophysical Investigation; Structural Failure; Building; Ido; Local Government; Secretariat Ibadan; Nigeria

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The impact of intellectual capital on Internal organizational entrepreneurship and financial performance of the Directorate General of prisons in Khuzestan province

Hamid Hazbavi^1*, Belghis Bavarsad^2**

^*1Department of Financial Management, Persian Gulf International Branch, Islamic Azad university, khorramshahr, iran

^**2 Assistant Professor, Department of Financial Management in Shahid Chamran university of Ahvaz, iran

Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the impact of intellectual capital on Internal organizational entrepreneurship and financial performance of the Directorate General of prisons in Khuzestan province. The statistical population of this study have composed of all staff of in the Directorate General of prisons in Khuzestan province. Whose number is equal to 200. Which according to Morgan’s table, the sample size is 127, which were selected by convenience sampling method and questionnaires were distributed among them. All information of field requirements by Three questionnaires​؛​Questionnaire intellectual capital (Bontis,​1998),​ Internal organizational entrepreneurship Questionnaire (Moghimi et.al, 2012) and Questionnaire financial performance​ (Azizi,​2012) were collected. Questionnaire validity by technique content validity and Questionnaire reliability by technique a Cronbach's alpha test was confirmed. Structural equation modeling technique SEM (Software Smart-Pls), were used to test the research hypotheses. ​Results showed that the dimensions of intellectual capital on Internal organizational entrepreneurship and financial performance of the Directorate General of prisons in Khuzestan province has a positive significant impact.

[Hamid Hazbavi, Belghis Bavarsad. The impact of intellectual capital on Internal organizational entrepreneurship and financial performance of the Directorate General of prisons in Khuzestan province. Researcher 2016;8(12):91-97]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7. doi:10.7537/marsrsj081216.07.

Keywords: dimensions of intellectual capital, Internal organizational entrepreneurship, financial performance

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A study on Anaemia among Adolescent Girls in District pulwama

Irshad Ahmad *, Syed B ushra Muzzamil**

*Research Scholar School of Education Central university of Kashmir

**Employee Rural Drinking Water Mission, J & K State

Abstract: India has the world’s highest prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia among women, with 60 to 70 percent of the adolescent girls being anaemic. Adolescence is considered as a nutritionally critical period of life. The present study is an effort to study the prevalence of iron deficiency of anaemia among adolescent girls. The study was conducted on a sample of 60 adolescent girl students from four different secondary schools of district pulwama. Self constructed Questionnaire was developed by the investigator were used for data collection. Significant results were found that the students which belong to govt. school are more anaemic than private schools.

[Irshad Ahmad, Syed B ushra Muzzamil. A study on Anaemia among Adolescent Girls in District pulwama. Researcher 2016;8(12):98-105]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 8. doi:10.7537/marsrsj081216.08.

Keywords: study; Anaemia; Adolescent; Girl; District; pulwama

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Interaction of mass media, government bodies of the power and public opinion in crime prevention questions: urgent criminological, political and legal aspects

Orazanbox

Tehran, Iran

orazanbox@gmail.com

Abstract: In the scientific article problem issues, devoted to interaction of mass media and public opinion in crime prevention are considered: actual criminological, political and legal aspects. Analyzing the established practices in the considered area the authors give grounds for the active state regulation of mass media activity and control over the information stream, which produces a negative impact on the society.

[Orazanbox. Interaction of mass media, government bodies of the power and public opinion in crime prevention questions: urgent criminological, political and legal aspects. Researcher 2016;8(12):106-113]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 9. doi:10.7537/marsrsj081216.09.

Key words: crime prevention, mass media, public consciousness, transnational crimes.

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Evaluation of special education programs offered in inclusive schools in Saudi Arabia from teachers perspectives

Orazanbox

Tehran, Iran orazanbox@gmail.com

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate special education programs that are applied in inclusive schools in Saudi Arabia from teachers perspectives. This study also aimed to discover whether statistically significant differences existed in the opinions of teachers based on their position, gender, teaching experience, and educational level. 615 questionnaires consisting of 20 Likert statements were distributed to a random sample of regular and special education teachers working in inclusive settings in Saudi Arabia. Eighty-five percent (n=523) teachers completed and returned usable questionnaires. An analysis of the collected data, using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance, indicated that the teachers’ evaluations for special education programs applied in their schools were generally acceptable. The results also indicated significant differences in the teachers’ evaluations based on their position and educational levels, with more positive evaluations found among special education teachers with master’s degrees. Furthermore, significant differences were not found in the teachers’ evaluations based on gender or amount of teaching experience.

[Orazanbox. Evaluation of special education programs offered in inclusive schools in Saudi Arabia from teachers perspectives. Researcher 2016;8(12):114-124]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 10. doi:10.7537/marsrsj081216.10.

Keywords: Evaluation, programs, inclusive, special education, perspectives.

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Left ventricular function in patients with coronary slow flow

Mansour Mostafa¹, Mostafa Mokarrab ², Mohammed Ahmed ³, Ali Abd-Alwahab ⁴, Nabil Fathy⁵, Asem Salama ⁶

Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt ¹

Ass. Professor of Cardiovascular Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt ²

Lecturer of Cardiovascular Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt ³

Consultant of Cardiovascular Medicine National Heart Institute, Egypt ⁴

Lecturer Of Clinical Pathology Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt ⁵

Cardiology resident – National heart institute ⁶

Dr.asemarida@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: The coronary slow flow (SCF) phenomenon has direct clinical implications, as it has been linked to clinical manifestations of myocardial ischemia, life-threatening arrhythmias, sudden cardiac death and recurrent acute coronary syndromes. Several hypothesis of its mechanism including a form of early phase of atherosclerosis, microvessel dysfunction, imbalance between vasoconstrictor and vasodilatory factors and platelet function disorder were proposed. How and to what extent do these etiological factors affect left ventricular (LV) function. Aim: To evaluate LV systolic and diastolic function in SCF patients. Material and methods: 100 patients with angiographically diagnosed CSFP but with otherwise normal epicardial coronary arteries and 50 subjects with angiographically normal coronary arteries constituted the control group were included in the study. All the subjects underwent echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging to determine left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions. Results: As regard systolic function measured by modified Simpson’s method, ejection fraction was similar in both the SCF and control groups (62.2 ± 5.1 vs 64.4 ± 4.6, p=<0.22. As regard diasystolic function, Conventional echocardiography showed significantly lower maximal velocity of early diastolic filling (E) and ratio of maximal early to late diastolic filling (E/A) ( in the patient group(54.6 ±6.9 cm/s vs 74.5 ± 12.5 cm/s, p<0.001 and 1.1±0.25 vs 1.44±0.17, p<0.001 respectively). Maximal velocity of atrial diastolic filling (A) and deceleration time of early diastolic filling (DT) were similar. Among tissue Doppler parameters, E’ was significantly lower in the patient group(8.6 ± 1.6 cm/s vs 14.9 ± 2.8 cm/s, p < 0.001 ), E/e’ was significantly higher in the patient group (6.4 ± 0.78 vs 5.03 ± 0.83, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Coronary slow flow phenomenon is associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, requiring a close follow-up in this patient group.

[Mansour Mostafa, Mostafa Mokarrab, Mohammed Ahmed, Ali Abd-Alwahab, Nabil Fathy, Asem Salama. Left ventricular function in patients with coronary slow flow. Researcher 2016;8(12):125-128]. ISSN 1553-9865 (print); ISSN 2163-8950 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 11. doi:10.7537/marsrsj081216.11.

Keywords: Left ventricular; function; patient; coronary; slow flow

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