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Science Journal

Researcher

Volume 2 - Issue 9 (Cumulated No. 15), September15, 2010, ISSN 1553-9865

Cover Page, Introduction, Contents, Call for Papers, Research 0209

Welcome to send your manuscript(s) to: researcher@sciencepub.net

CONTENTS

No.	Titles / Authors	page	No.
1	Population Dynamics And Seasonal Abundance Of Zooplankton Community In Narmada River (India) Shailendra Sharma, Anis Siddique, Karam Singh, Meenakshi Chouhan, Amrita Vyas,.C.M.Solnki, Dhavni Sharma ,Smitha Nair Department of Zoology, Shri Umiya Girls College, Mandleshwar -451221 (M.P.) INDIA. Department of Zoology, Holkar Science College, Indore-452003 (M.P.) INDIA. shailendra.b.sharma@gmail.com Abstract: Zooplankton organisms occupy a central position in the food webs of aquatic ecosystem. They do not only form an integral part of the lentic community but also contribute significantly, the biological productivity of the fresh water ecosystem (Wetzel 2001). The importance of the Zooplankton is well recognized as these have vital part in food chain and play a key role in cycling of organic matter in an aquatic ecosystem. In the present study the total Zooplankton density exhibited a single peak during March. However, a sudden increase was noticed in the month of October which continued till March. This increase is attributed to the settling of rain water return of favourable conditions in post monsoon period.In the present study total Zooplankton comprises of 4 groups: Protozoa, Rotifera*, Gladocera, Copepode. Out of this group Rotifera* is the dominant group and the order of dominance is as *Rotifera* > Cladocera > Copepode > Protozoa. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):1-9]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.01 Keywords: Zooplanktons,Narmada River, Population dynamics, correlation coefficient seasonal abundance	Full Text	1
2	Effect Of Partial Replacement Of Berseem Hay By Ensiled And Dried Sugar Beet Tops On Performance Of Growing Rabbits Gaafar, H.M.A.; A.I.A.Abd El-Lateif and Salwa B. Abd El-Hady Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Egypt. Email: dr.gaafar@hotmail.com ABSTRACT: Two experiments were done to study the effect of partial replacement of berseem hay by ensiled and dried sugar beet tops on the performance of growing rabbits. In the first one, 8 mature male NZW rabbits with an average body weight of 2.5 kg and 8 months old were used to determine digestibility coefficients and nutritive values of berseem hay (BH), ensiled sugar beet tops (SBTS) and dried sugar beet tops (SBTH). In the second one, 50 NZW growing rabbits of 60 days of age were used in a complete randomized design experiment with five treatments. The first group fed commercial rabbit diet including 40% BH (control diet), while in the other groups 50 or 100% of BH was replaced by SBTS and SBTH throughout the 70 days of experiment. Results of the first experiment showed that the contents of OM and CF were lower and NFE and ash content were higher in SBTS and SBTH compared with of BH. While, CP was higher in SBTS and lower in SBTH than that of BH. The digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, CF, EE and NFE were significantly higher (P<0.05) for both SBTS and SBTH compared with BH. However, BH had significantly (P<0.05) the highest TDN and DE values followed by SBTS, while SBTH had the lowest values. While, CP digestibility and DCP value of SBTS were significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of BH and SBTH. In the second experiment showed that calculated composition was nearly similar for the different diets except OM and CF decreased and ash increased in diets contained SBTS and SBTH compared with commercial diet. Diet contained 100% SBTS showed significantly (P<0.05) the highest digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, CP, EE and NFE and DCP value. While, commercial diet revealed the highest CF digestibility and TDN and DE values. Rabbits fed 100% SBTS diet had the highest TVFA's and NH₃-N concentrations and the lowest pH value. Rabbits fed 100% SBTS dietshowed significantly (P<0.05) the highest final body weight, total and daily weight gain and the lowest average daily and total DM intake and DM/kg gain, however, those fed commercial diet had the opposite trend. Rabbits fed commercial diet showed significantly (P<0.05) the highest feed cost and feed cost/kg gain, however, rabbits fed 100% SBTS dietshowed significantly (P<0.05) the highest total and net revenue and net revenue improvement. Rabbits fed 100% SBTS showed significantly (P<0.05) the highest slaughter weight, carcass weight, dressing percentage, meat weight and percentage and the contents of CP, EE and ash and lowest DM content in meat, but, those fed commercial diet had the opposite trend. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):10-15]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.02 Key words: NZW rabbits, SBTS, SBTH, digestibility, body weight gain, feed conversion, economic efficiency, carcass traits	Full Text	2
3	Swot Analysis – A Useful Tool For Community Vision A concept paper of central Himalayan village Narayan Singh G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development Kosi – Katarmal, Almora 263 643 (Uttarakhand) E-mail – naturewithnary@gmail.com Abstract: Analysis is a strategic planning method used to evaluate the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats involved in a project or in a business venture. It involves specifying the objective of the business venture or project and identifying the internal and external factors that are favorable and unfavorable to achieving that objective. SWOT analysis provides a framework for visioning by helping the planners to identify and priorities the organization’s GOALS and to further identifies the strategies of achieving them. SWOT analysis is a technique to analyze the Strengths, Weakness, Opportunity and Threats of a decision, problem ad place etc. In community development or urban planning SWOT is often used at community meeting to structure conversations about projects carrying out this analysis often illuminates what needs to be done and puts problems in to prospective. A tool that identifies the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats of an organization. Specifically, SWOT is a basic, straightforward model that assesses what an organization can and cannot do as well as its potential opportunities and threats. The method of SWOT analysis is to take the information from an environmental analysis and separate it into internal (strengths and weaknesses) and external issues (opportunities and threats). Once this is completed, SWOT analysis determines what may assist the firm in accomplishing its objectives, and what obstacles must be overcome or minimized to achieve desired results. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):16-18]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.03 Keywords: Strength; Weaknesses; Opportunity; Threat; business venture	Full Text	3
4	Extraction Of High Quality Dna From Diploknema Butyracea Manmohan S. Khanka, Lalit M. Tewari, Sanjay Kumar, Lalit Singh ¹and Tapan K. Nailwal¹ Department of Botany, Department of Biotechnology¹, Kumaun University, Nainital Department of Biotechnology, Sleepy Hollow, Kumaun University, Nainital-263001. Email: tapannailwal@gmail.com ABSTRACT: Diploknema tree species (MPTs) has a great economic value in respect of fodder, fuel wood, timber and other product. It has also a great medicinal value in Rheumatism, Ulcers, Itching, Hemorrhage, Inflammation of tonsils etc. Having such a great economic and medicinal value Diploknema is facing extinction because of relentless anthropogenic pressure. These species are failing to regenerate in spite of reasonable seed production. Very little information exists on the molecular aspects of Diploknema which requires high quality DNA. A protocol for extraction of high quality DNA from Diploknema butyracea is hereby discussed. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):19-20]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.04 Keywords: Diploknema tree species (MPTs); economic value; Rheumatism; Ulcers; Itching; Hemorrhage; tonsils; DNA; Diploknema butyracea	Full Text	4
5	Impediments To Educational Development Of Primary School Pupils In Ogbomoso. Ogbomoso Local Government Councils,(North And South). Oyo State. Nigeria Adetunde, I. A University Of Mines And Technology, Faculty Of Engineering, Dept. Of Mathematics, Tarkwa, Ghana. Nurudeen Community High School, Dept. Of English Lunguage, Ogbomso, Oyo State adetunde@gmail.com ABSTRACT: Announcement across the World today perfectly reflects the scope of the sound knowledge receives from the primary schools. Additionally, the competence of Specialists, Engineers, Scientists, Bankers, technologist, Technicians must acquire their skills formally or informally are firmly connected and rated by other foundation in the primary schools. Among the major responsibilities of primary education are to train the child ability to reason logically and develop concepts which are formulated upon basic knowledge. In this paper, we study the impediments to educational development of primary school pupil in Ogbomoso, Oyo state - Nigeria. The study revealed the impediments to educational development of Primary Schools in Ogbomoso Local Governments, Oyo State. Nigeria. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):21-26]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.05 KEY WORDS: Impediments, Primary School Pupils, Educational Development, Local Government Councils, Factors impending Educational Development	Full Text	5
6	Population Model of Esan West Local Government Area of Edo State, Nigeria Ogbeide E. M. and Ikpotokin O. Department of Mathematics, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State, Nigeria. Email: ikpotokinosayomore@yahoo.co.uk. Phone number: 08039289270, 08034953007 ABSTRACT: This paper focused on population dynamics of the people of Esan West Local Government Area of Edo State, in Nigeria. The logistic model was used and it was found that the growth rate of the people for the sixteen years to be 0.035. A projection of the population for the next twenty years was then made. The carrying capacity was equally studied in this paper. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):27-30]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.06 Keywords: Population dynamics, carrying capacity, growth rates and logistic Model	Full Text	6
7	Evaluation Of The Rotor Aerodynamics Of A Wind Turbine Using Combined Blade Element And Momemtum Theory K.R. AJAO Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria e-mail: ajaomech@unilorin.edu.ng I.K. ADEGUN Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria e-mail: kadegun2000@yahoo.com Abstract: The analysis of the rotor aerodynamics is based on the combined blade element and momentum theory and the content is directed toward the physics of power extraction by wind turbines at both the near and far wake regions. The near wake is the area just behind the rotor, where the properties of the rotor can be discriminated, so approximately up to one rotor diameter downstream and the far wake is the region beyond the near wake, where the focus is put on the influence of the wind turbines in farm situations. A wind turbine extracts energy from the wind by producing a step change in static pressure across the rotor-swept surface. Turbine rotor is the component which exhibits the largest proportion of fatigue failure and the centrifugal and gravity loads are primarily responsible. The generalized Fokker-Planck equation which is a partial differential equation satisfied by the probability density function is employed in modeling the turbine power. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):31-40]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.07 Keywords: Rotor aerodynamics, near wake, far wake, rotor-swept surface, turbine power	Full Text	7
8	‘Bionic skin’ Igor Kovalev Kinneret College on the Sea of Galilee, Emek Hayarden 15132, Israel kovis@ashdot-m.org.il Abstract: The lift force and vibration performance of a NACA-230 airfoil with a ‘bionic skin’ (metallic version of the butterfly scale) were experimentally investigated. Attention was initially directed to this problem by studies indicating a better lift, maneuver, vibration and noise performance of flying butterflies, covered with scales. Results indicated that the ‘bionic skin’ of an oscillating rotor blade increased the lift force by a factor of 1.15, reduced both the damping coefficients by a factor of 1.23, and the vibration by a factor of 1.17. The modification of the aerodynamic effects on the rotor blade was due to an increase of the virtual air mass, which influenced the ‘bionic skin’. The air cavity of the skin increased the virtual air mass by a factor of 1.2. The interaction mechanism of a ‘bionic skin’ with a flow and a sound wave was described. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):41-49]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.08 Keywords: bionic, blade, butterfly, helicopter, lift, noise, skin, vibration, virtual mass.	Full Text	8
9	A phenomena in geometric analysis M.Sivasubramanian Department of Mathematics, Dr.Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi,Tamil Nadu 642003, India Email: profpk49@yahoo.com Abstract: In this work, the author has made a brief geometric analysis and found a new result. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):50-51]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.09 Keywords: Euclid, elements, postulates, non-Euclidean geometries physical; applications	Full Text	9
10	Photocatalytic Degradation of Monoazo and Diazo Dyes in Wastewater on Nanometer-Sized TiO₂ S.A. Abo-Farha Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls), Naser City, Cairo, Egypt E-mail address: samiaelhosieny@yahoo.com Abstract: Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have proved very effective in treatment of the various hazardous organic pollutants in water. The photocatalytic degradation of two azo dyes, monoazo dye Acid Orange 10 (AO10) and diazo dye Acid Red114(AR114) present in wastewater were studied. Homogeneous photocatalytic degradation of the two azo dyes with UV/H₂O₂ process was investigated. The rates of disappearance of the two azo dyes were monitored spectrophotometrically at the visible maximum absorption wavelengths. It was found that the rate of decolorization rises by increasing the initial dosage of H₂O₂ up to a “critical” value at which it is maximum and beyond which it is inhibited. The rates of reactions follow pseudo-first-order kinetics. Also heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of the two azo dyes with UV/TiO₂ (titanium dioxide) interface was investigated. The photocatalytic degradation rate depends on dye structure, dye concentration, TiO₂ concentration and pH of the medium. The mechanism of the photodegradation process under UV-visible light illumination involves an electron excitation into the conduction band of the TiO₂ semiconductor leading to the generation of very active oxygenated species that attack the dye molecules leading to photodegradation. Photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ was examined by focusing on its enhancement by electron scavengers in the photocatalytic decomposition of the two azo dyes. The electron scavengers employed was inorganic oxidant such as H₂O₂, adequate dose of H₂O₂ led to a faster degradation of the two azo dyes in the TiO₂ photocatalytic system. The fast decolorization of monoazo dye (AO10) than diazo dye (AR114) is an indication that, the number of azo and sulphonate groups in the dye molecule may be a determining factor for increasing the degradation rates. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):52-71]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.10 Keywords: Azo dyes; UV/H₂O₂ oxidation, Titanium dioxide; Photodegradation; Semiconductor	Full Text	10
11	Bulletin of Biological Science Prophylactic and bio-therapeutic benefits of `ogi’: A lactic acid fermented food ¹David, O. M. and ^1,2Famurewa, O. ¹Department of Microbiology University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. P.M.B. 5363, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. ^1,2College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Osun State University, P. M. B. 4494, Osogbo, Nigeria. davidgenerationng@yahoo.com; ofamurewa@gmail.com ABSTRACT: Ogi is a popular cereal meal consumed mainly in the western part of Nigeria. Despite its safety and health benefits, its consumption is dwindling. Like other lactic acid fermented foods, ogi is a good source of lactic acid bacteria (probiotics). Probiotics have been reported to have some benefit in the prevention and treatment of some diseases such as gastrointestinal disorders including diarrhoea and dysentery. Metabolic disorders such as lactose intolerance, sucrase and maltase deficiencies can also be managed by probiotics. They favorably modulate immunity in some circumstances and have anticarcinogenic effects, regulate hypercholesterolemia. The use of probiotics to recolonize the vagina to prevent sexually transmitted diseases like gonorrhoea, syphilis, candidiasis and HIV has also been documented. These claims provide a strong rationale for increased consumption of ogi, particularly among immunocompromised populations such as the elderly or the convalescent. Probiotics enhance the immune response, which would in turn increase resistance to immune-related diseases. ogi is very cheap and easy to prepare. If the potential of ogi and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) could be adequately utilized it will reduce the pressure on the use antibiotics and hence reduce the rate of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):72-77]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.11 Key Words: ogi, lactic acid bacteria, probiotics, prophylactics, immune system, fermented foods.	Full Text	11
12	*The Parasitic helminth fauna of Parachanna* obscura from Lekki Lagoon, Lagos, Nigeria Akinsanya B¹ , A.A. Hassan^{2 and IBIDAPO C.A} ¹Department of Zoology,Parasitology unit, University of Lagos, Nigeria. ²Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. akinbami2000@yahoo.com, jokeibidapo@yahoo.com Abstract:** Parachanna obscura, the African snakehead fish, were randomly selected and subjected to parasitologic investigations. A total of three hundred and forty specimens were monthly obtained over a period of one year. Helminth infections was observed to have a prevalence of 5.9% which accounts for twenty of the specimens to be infected with gastrointestinal helminth parasites. Parachanna obscura harboured two nematodes, Procamallanus sp (Spirocamallanus) and Contracaecum sp and a trematode, Clinostomum metacercaria. A sum total of twenty two helminthes was recovered from the fish. The male specimens (229) recorded a lower rate of infection (5.2%) than the females (111) which recorded a prevalence of 7.2%. The overall worm burden were low and independent of sex and size of the fish. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):78-84]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.12 Keywords: Parachanna obscura; snakehead fish; specimen; gastrointestinal helminth parasites	Full Text	12
13	Genetic Diversity In Yield And Quality Attributes Of Ten Genotypes Of Rice In Nigeria ANYANWU, C. P. AND I. U. OBI ¹ Department of Crop Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka Owerri, Nigeria chipanyanwu_futo@yahoo.com Abstract: Ten genotypes of rice ( Oryza sativa L.) including some lines collected from the farmers fields in Abia, Ebonyi and Imo States of South Eastern, Nigeria, were used for the experiment. The seeds were grown in the early seasons of 2006 and 2007 at the Teaching and Research farms of the Federal University of Technology, Owerri and used for assessing their yield and Physicochemical characteristics. Moderate to high variation was observed for all the characters studied. Number of tillers per stand varied most having a coefficient of variation of 20% followed by percentage fibre (18. 7%) indicating a scope for selection of these traits among the lines evaluated. Conversely, percentage amylose (1.9%), grain length (4. 4%) and percentage protein (5 .4 %), had lower values for coefficient of variation suggesting that the variation were more genetically similar in these attributes. Heritability in the broad sense estimates revealed that grain length had the highest heritability (93. 2%) followed by number of days to anthesis (90 .7%) while number of spikelets/ panicle (32.3%) and number of tillers / stand (49.03%) were the least. The physical characteristics of the grains divided the lines investigated into long slender, long bold and medium bold sizes and shapes. Among the lines however, Mass and Wita 4 combined high numbers of tillers/ stand, high percentage fertile spikelets and high number of seeds per secondary branch of panicle and long slender grains. On the other hand, Sipi 692033 and NERICA 1 had higher percentage protein and amylose with long grains. [Researcher. 2010;2(9):85-90]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). doi:10.7537/marsrsj020910.13 KEYWORDS: Attributes, Physicochemical traits, Variation, Heritability	Full Text	13