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Effect of Spraying Some Micronutrients via Normal Versus Nanotechnology on Fruiting of Zaghloul Date Palms

Mohamed, A. El-Sayed¹; Moumen, M. El-Wasfy² and Osama, G.A.Abdalla²

¹ Hort., Dept., Fac. of Agric., Minia Univ., Egypt.

²Hort., Dept., Qena Fac. of Agric., New Valley Univ., Egypt.

faissalfadel@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study was carried out during 2015 and 2016 seasons to examine the effect of spraying Zn, Fe and Mn in normal (chelated form) at 25 to 100 ppm or nanotechnology form at 2.5 to 20 ppm, on growth, palm nutritional status, yield and fruit quality of Zaghloul date palms. The selected palms received three sprays. Treating Zaghloul date palms three times with Zn, Fe and Mn in normal form (chelated form) at 25 to 100 ppm or via nano form at 2.5 to 20 ppm had an obvious promotion on all growth characteristics, leaf pigments, N, P, K, Mg, Zn, Fe and Mn in the leaves, number of strands / spathe, number of flowers/strand, strand length, intial fruit setting %, fruit retention %, bunch weight, yield/palm and fruit quality parameters over the control treatment. Treating the palms with these micronutrients via nanotechnology materially was superior than using these micronutrients via normal form (chelated form). Carrying out three sprays of a mixture of Zn, Fe and Mn via nanotechnology at 10 ppm was responsible for promoting yield and fruit quality of Zaghloul date palms.

[Mohamed, A. El-Sayed ; Moumen, M. El-Wasfy  and Osama, G.A.Abdalla. Effect of Spraying Some Micronutrients via Normal Versus Nanotechnology on Fruiting of Zaghloul Date Palms. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):1-10]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.01.

Keywords: Zaghloul date palms, Zn, Fe, Mn, nano, yield, fruit quality.

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Quantum Chemical Studies on Corrosion Inhibition of N-(N’-Phenylbenzenesulphonamido)-3-carboxy-4-methyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)-3-butanamide Derivatives: DFT-QSAR Approach.

SEMIRE Banjo* and OYEBAMIJI Abel Kolawole

Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000 Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

*E-mail: bsemire@lautech.edu.ng

Abstract: Quantum chemical calculations via B3LYP/6-31G (d.p) level were carried out on butenamide derivatives: N-[N’-(4-chlorophenyl) benzenesulphonamide]-3-carboxy-4-methyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)-3-butenamide (M1), N-(N`-(phenylbenzenesulphonamido)-3-carboxy-4-methyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)-3-butenamide (M2) and N-[N`-(4-methoxyhenyl) benezesulphonamido)-3-carboxy-4-methyl-4-(methylphenyl)-3-butenamide (M3) used as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic media. The calculated molecular descriptors such as the frontier energies, energy band gap, dipole moment, chemical potential (μ), chemical hardness (ղ) and global nucleophilicity (ɷ) were discussed in relation to the observed inhibitory efficiency for the compounds. The developed qualitative structural activity relationship (QSAR) model related the calculated molecular parameters to the corrosion efficiency; thus QSAR model predicted the experimental corrosion efficiencies.

[Semire, Banjo and Oyebamiji, Abel Kolawole. Quantum Chemical Studies on Corrosion Inhibition of N-(N’-Phenylbenzenesulphonamido)-3-carboxy-4-methyl-4-(4-methylphenyl)-3-butanamide Derivatives: DFT-QSAR Approach. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):11-20]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.02.

Keywords: N-substituted butanamide derivatives, Molecular descriptors, DFT-QSAR

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Effect of Plant Extracts and carbofuran on the Growth and Yield Parameters of Waterleaf (Talinum triangulare L.) (Jacq.) Willd Infected with Meloidogyne javanica in Nigeria

*A. B. Nwauzoma^1, P. C. Nnadi ², E.T. Jaja¹

^{1, 2}Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology; ²Department of Forestry and Environment; Rivers State University Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Abstract: Leaf extracts of Jatropha curcas and Cymbopogon citratus, root extract of Chromolaena odorata and Carbofuran 5G were tested for their nematicidal properties on M. javanica were studied. Five weeks old stem cuttings of waterleaf (T. triangulare) were planted in bags containing 5 kg of sterilized soil and inoculated with 5,000 eggs of M. javanica at 20, 35 and 50% concentrations. A control without nematode, plant extracts and nematicide, thereafter uninoculated-untreated plant (Uit) and another with nematode egg suspension, but no plant extract and nematicide, [ (inoculated untreated (Ut)] were included and laid out in a completely randomized design, with four replications. Data on plant height (cm), leaf area (m²) and fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots (g) were collected and analysed. J. curcas leaf extract at 20% and the uninoculated-untreated (Uit) resulted to significantly taller plants (31.75 and 31.00 cm) respectively, compared to the inoculated and untreated (Ut) plants (11.25 cm) at 9 WAI. Fresh root weight was higher in the Uit plants (2.38g) and carbofuran (2.35g) at 35%, compared to the others. There was no significant difference in dry shoot weight between uninoculated-untreated and inoculated-untreated plants, although visual observation show that dry shoot and root weights were less in plants treated with plant extracts and carbofuran. Therefore, J. curcas and C. odorata extracts could be used to improve growth in waterleaf and other susceptible hosts affected by root-knot nematodes.

[ A. B. Nwauzoma  P. C. Nnadi, E.T. Jaja. Effect of Plant Extracts and carbofuran on the Growth and Yield Parameters of Waterleaf (Talinum triangulare L.) (Jacq.) Willd Infected with Meloidogyne javanica in Nigeria. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):21-26]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.03.

Key words: Carbofuran, Plant extracts, Talinum triangulare, Meloidogyne javanica.

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The Use Of Piper Umbellatum Leaves In The Rearing Of Immature Stages Of Bunaea Alcinoe [Lepidoptera: Saturniidae], An Edible Larva Of The Niger Delta.

 Ogbalu, O. K¹ And *Nwauzoma, A. B²

 ¹Entomology Unit, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Rivers State University, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

²Plant Pathology Unit, Department of Plant Science & Biotechnology, Rivers State University, P. M. B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

*Corresponding author: drnwabarth@yahoo.com

Abstract: The use of Piper umbellatum (L.) leaves in the rearing of immature stages of 5^th instar larvae of Bunaea alcinoe, edible Emperor Larvae of the Niger Delta was studied for the first time in the Post Graduate Entomology Laboratory of the Department of Applied and Environmental Biology of the Rivers State University, Port Harcourt, Nigeria in 2016. The study was made at mean laboratory temperature of 24.5⁰C and relative humidity of 90.2% in May, 2016. Leaves of P. umbellatum were used in wrapping the fifth instar larvae of B. alcinoe which could not enter into the pupal phase. A 100% pupation was achieved compared to 56.4% of control of larvae not wrapped with P. umbellatum leaves [n=30]. Emergence of adults was complete that produced moths with functional wings in larvae wrapped with leaves of P.umbellatum and mating resulted in viable eggs with high egg hatchability too. Those in the control showed emerged adults with non-functional wings and mating activity was low and where it occurred, both egg hatchability and viability were significantly low.

[Ogbalu, O. K  And  Nwauzoma, A. B. The Use Of Piper Umbellatum Leaves In The Rearing Of Immature Stages Of Bunaea Alcinoe [Lepidoptera: Saturniidae], An Edible Larva Of The Niger Delta. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):27-31]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.04.

Keywords: Piper umbellatum, rearing, pupae, Bunaea alcinoe, Fifth instar larvae.

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Towards A Competitive Advantage by Optimize Supply Chain Management (SCM) Processes

Mohammad A. Abu Tahoon, Sherif Bahi, Bassem Elsehily, Tarek Nasreldeen

Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

mohammadtahoon@yahoo.com mohammadtahoon@azhar.edu.eg

Abstract: Supply chains are the essence of any organization. They connect suppliers, manufacturers, and end customers in a network that is essential to create and deliver goods or services. Effective supply chain management (SCM) is the valuable way of consistent competitive advantage and improving organizational performance. Since competition is no longer between organizations, but among supply chains. The aim of this research is formulating the relationship between SCM processes (demand management, order fulfillment, manufacturing flow management, and product development and commercialization) and competitive advantage. Data collection was performed using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Research results show that there is asignificant relationship between SCM processes and competitive advantage, also conclude thatdemand management and order fulfillment are stronger indicators of competitive advantage than manufacturing flow management and product development and commercialization.

[Mohammad A. Abu Tahoon, Sherif Bahi, Bassem Elsehily, Tarek Nasreldeen. Towards A Competitive Advantage by Optimize Supply Chain Management (SCM) Processes. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):32-43]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.05.

Keywords: supply chain management processes, competitive advantage, AHP.

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Hydrocarbon Reservoirs Study of Abu Roash G and Bahariya Formations at Bahga Field in Alam El-Shawish Concession, North Western Desert, Egypt

Hassan H. El-kadi¹, Hassan M. El-Shayeb², M.Fathy¹, Ahmed A.K. Elnashar¹

¹Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

²Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufiya University, Egypt.

a_nashar88@yahoo.com

Abstract: Bahga field lies in the central part of the Alam El-Shawish West (AESW) concession which is located in the northern part of the Western Desert. The aim of this study is to evaluate the subsurface geological system and hydrocarbon potentialities of Late Cretaceous reservoirs for Abu Roash (AR/G) and Bahariya (BAH) by combine the different available data of electiric logs and seismic for seven wells at Bahga field. Petrophysical analysis has been established on the available wells within the study area by using electric logs (Gamma Ray tool (GR), Resistivity tool of Array Induction tool (AIT), Density tool ( RHOB), Neutron Porosity tool (NPHI), Sonic tool (DT), Photo Electric tool (PEF) ) to determine the reservoir properties such as (facies, clay volume, water saturation, effective porosity and reservoir net thickness). Seismic interpretation was establish on the available seismic section concerned with the study area to provide a detailed structural interpretation to determine the structural geometry of AR/G and Bahariya Reservoirs for detecting the best localities for drilling new development wells within the study area. The structure contour maps and the 3D structural model confirm the field consists of a three-way-dip-fault closure at top AR/G level. However, only a limited crestal portion covering 4km x 1km area is hydrocarbon bearing. The field is an elongated NW-SE oriented 2 ways closed structure bounded by high angle NW-SE trending normal faults. Additional smaller scale normal faults parallel to the main bounding faults may result in local fault block compartmentalization. 3D static model using structure model and well log data have been done for proper optimization and development of hydrocarbon potential at Bahga field. Seismic data were used to generate the input interpreted horizon grids and fault modeling of the structure model. Property modeling (facies, effective porosity, and water saturation) was distributed and mapped within the constructed 3D grid using deterministic Kriging algorithms while facies were distributed and mapped by deterministic facies modeling method. Based on the current work another promising area was determined for promised development plans to reach the highest and best commercial cases.

[Hassan H. El-kadi, Hassan M. El-Shayeb, M. Fathy, Ahmed A.K. Elnashar. Hydrocarbon Reservoirs Study of Abu Roash G and Bahariya Formations at Bahga Field in Alam El-Shawish Concession, North Western Desert, Egypt. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):44-63]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.06.

Keywords:- Hydrocarbon Reservoirs Study of Abu Roash G and Bahariya Formations by combin different data of eclectric logs and seismic data at Bahga Field, North Western Desert, Egypt

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An In-Vitro Evaluation of Various Surface Treatments on the Shear Bond Strength of Resincement Bonded To Base Metal Alloy

Abdulelah M. Binmahfooz, BDS, DScD*

*Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract: Resin-bonded fixed partial dentures (RBFPDs) have appeared to prevent the excessive preparation of dental tissue with complete crown and reliable restorative alternative to conventional short span fixed dental prostheses. The most recurrent cause of failure of this type of restoration is de-bonding at the metal-cement junction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of different surface treatment of base metal alloy bonded with 2 different resin cement on the shear bond strength. Thirty discs of nickel chromium alloy were produced and divided into 3 groups according to various surface treatments, group I sandblasted, group II chemically etched; and group III laser treated. The three groups were further subdivided into subgroups A and B, according to the resin cement used. The discs were bonded to the enamel surface of extracted natural central and lateral incisors with Panavia F2.0 (subgroup A) and Bistite II DC (subgroup B) resin luting cement. All bonded samples we restored in saline for 48 hours followed by thermos-cycling. Shear bond strength of all the specimens was measured by an Instron universal testing machine. Our results revealed a statistical significant difference between group (II) and group (III) and high shear bond strength value was observed with Panavia F 2.0 in laser group (III). Representative samples of each group were examined by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM). Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that laser has been proven as an effective tool for the metal surface treatment. The highest shear bond strength was recorded with laser metal surface treatment combined with Panavia F 2.0 resin cement.

[Abdulelah M. Binmahfooz, BDS, DScD. An In-Vitro Evaluation of Various Surface Treatments on the Shear Bond Strength of Resincement Bonded To Base Metal Alloy. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):64-69]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 7. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.07.

Keywords: surface treatment, luting cements, laser, bondstrength, SEM

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Effect of spraying calcium, boron and silicon on growth aspects, tree nutritional status, fruit setting, preharvest fruit dropping, yield and fruit quality of Balady mandarin trees.--I. Effect of spraying calcium chloride, boron and silicon on growth aspects and tree nutritional status of Balady mandarin trees

Moawad A. Mohamed1; Ramadan A. Sayed² and Hassan, S. H. Ismail¹

¹Hort. Dept. Fac. of Agri. Minia Univ. Egypt.

²Citriculture Res. Dept. Hort. RES. Instit. ARC, Giza. Egypt.

Abstract: This study was carried out during 2015, 2016 and 2017 seasons to examine the effect of spraying Balady mandarin trees four times with boric acid at 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1%, potassium silicate and calcium chloride each at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2% or all together at the medium concentration on some growth aspects, leaf photosynthetic pigments, total carbohydrates, N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu and C/N in the leaves. The trees received four sprays before bloom, full bloom, just after fruit setting and at one month later. Subjecting Balady mandarin trees four times with boric acid at 0.025 to 0.1% and both potassium silicate and calcium chloride each at 0.05 to 0.2%or all together at the medium concentration ( 0.05% for boric acid and 0.1% for both potassium silicate and calcium chloride) considerably enhanced main shoot length, leaf area and number of leaves/ shoot in the spring growth cycle, chlorophylls a & b, total chlorophylls, total carbohydrates, N, P, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Zn and Mn and had no effect on the leaf content of Cu and C/N compared to the check treatment. The promotion effect of these parameters was materially related to using calcium chloride, potassium silicate and boric acid, in ascending order. Four sprays of a mixture of boric acid at 0.05% and both acid potassium silicate and calcium chloride each at 0.1% was suggested to be beneficial for enhancing growth andtree nutritional statusof Balady mandarin trees.

[Moawad A. Mohamed; Ramadan A. Sayed and Hassan, S. H. Ismail. Effect of spraying calcium, boron and silicon on growth aspects, tree nutritional status, fruit setting, preharvest fruit dropping, yield and fruit quality of Balady mandarin trees.--I. Effect of spraying calcium chloride, boron and silicon on growth aspects and tree nutritionalstatusof Balady mandarin trees. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):70-77]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.08.

Keywords: Boric acid, potassium silicate, calcium chloride, growth aspects, tree nutritional status, Balady mandarin trees

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Effect of spraying calcium, boron and silicon on growth aspects, tree nutritional status, fruit setting, preharvest fruit dropping, yield and fruit quality of Balady mandarin trees.--II. Effect of spraying calcium, boron and silicon on fruit setting, preharvest fruit dropping, yield and fruit quality of Balady mandarin trees.

Moawad A. Mohamed¹; Ramadan A. Sayed² and Hassan, S. H. Ismail¹

¹Hort. Dept. Fac. of Agri. Minia Univ. Egypt.

²Citriculture Res. Dept. Hort. RES. Instit. ARC, Giza. Egypt.

Abstract: This study was carried out during 2015, 2016 and 2017 seasons to examine the effect of spraying Balady mandarin trees four times with boric acid at 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1%, potassium silicate and calcium chloride each at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2% or all together at the medium concentration on the percentages of initial fruit setting, fruit retention and preharvest fruit dropping, yield and fruit quality. The trees received four sprays before bloom, full bloom, just after fruit setting and at one month later. Subjecting Balady mandarin trees four times with boric acid at 0.025 to 0.1% and both potassium silicate and calcium chloride each at 0.05 to 0.2%or all together at the medium concentration ( 0.05% for boric acid and 0.1% for both potassium silicate and calcium chloride) considerably enhanced the percentages of initial fruit setting and fruit retention, yield expressed in weight (kg) and number of fruits/tree and both physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits relative to the check treatment. Using boric acid occupied the first position in enhancing these parameters. The investigated treatments had no effect on fruit shape and non-reducing sugars%. Preharvest fruit dropping was greatly controlled by the present boron, silicon and calcium treatments. The reduction was associated with using calcium chloride, boric acid and potassium silicate, in descending order. Four sprays of a mixture of boric acid at 0.05% and both acid potassium silicate and calcium chloride each at 0.1% was suggested to be beneficial for improving yield and fruit quality of Balady mandarin trees.

[Moawad A. Mohamed; Ramadan A. Sayed and Hassan, S. H. Ismail. Effect of spraying calcium, boron and silicon on growth aspects, tree nutritional status, fruit setting, preharvest fruit dropping, yield and fruit quality of Balady mandarin trees.--II. Effect of spraying calcium, boron and silicon on fruit setting, preharvest fruit dropping, yield and fruit quality of Balady mandarin trees.. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):78-85]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.09.

Keywords: Boric acid, potassium silicate, calcium chloride, initial fruit setting, fruit retention, preharvest fruit dropping, yield, physical and chemical characteristics fruit quality, Balady mandarin trees

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The study of the economic effects of smuggling goods in the country

Seyed Mahmoud Mosavi¹, Dr. Amir Dibaie^2*

¹Department of law, Faculty of Humanities, Persian Gulf International Branch, Islamic Azad university, khorramshahr, iran

²Department of law, Faculty of Humanities, Persian Gulf International Branch, Islamic Azad university, khorramshahr, iran

Corresponding Author: Dr. Amir Dibaie ^2*, omrande@yahoo.com

Abstract: Trafficking in the secret transfer of point to another is one thing that can be done a variety of different shapes and hidden arrangements. In terms of customs and other government collection, the purpose of trafficking, ferret goods from payment of taxes and duties And transfer and its sales are illegal and prohibited. It is strong in the Third World under the direction and management of global and of course the control and management aspects related to The political dimension of national security, economic and socio-cultural and is connected to the arrogant powers for the purpose of profit and plunder of national resources in developing countries and tapping the policy and The wide-spread movement have begun and in this way to steal the country's resources. No doubt smuggling economy- The production, investment, exports and employment have affected and their impact on it. The most important negative effect of smuggling, its impact on investment. In the meantime, some products organized and directed with the aim of attacking the values and ethical standards and are trafficked to the country in terms of cultural and increase the gap, wasting national resources, weakening efficiently, reducing hopes of national and public security to reduce the negative consequences of trafficking was political Iran shares borders with seven countries to have foreign (through land border) with different cultures and contrary to Iranian-Islamic culture has always been, Some special attention to economic and physical exploitation and also attracted the attention of others to Politically and culturally and hit the Islamic Republic of Iran was and is (like Turkey and Armenia Culturally and adherence to ethics in rank very low in comparison with the cultural communities affected by the rich culture of Islam). n this article smuggling economic effects on the country's economic system is reviewed and assessed. The study of the economic effects of smuggling goods in the country.

[Seyed Mahmoud Mosavi, Dr. Amir Dibaie. The study of the economic effects of smuggling goods in the country. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):86-90]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.10.

Key words: Smuggling, economic effects, economic security, policy, legislative, confront and combat the trafficking phenomenon.

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Trials for Solving the Problem of Poor Berries Colouration and Improving Yield of Crimson Seedless Grapevines

Ahmed, M. K. Abdel Aal¹; Mohamed A.M. Abada² and Hesham, A. E. Mohamed²

¹Hort. Dept., Fac. of Agric., Minia Univ., Egypt.

²Viticulture Res. Dept., Hort. Res. Instit. ARC, Giza, Egypt

faissalfadel@yahoo.com

Abstract: During 2015 and 2016 seasons Crimson seedless grapevines were subjected to ethrel at 125-250 ppm, proton at 100 ppm, selenium at 25 ppm, potassium silicate at 0.1%, potassium silicate at 0.1% + selenium at 25 ppm, turmeric extract at 0.1%, garlic oil at 1.0 %, onion oil at 1.0, N at 25g/vine/year and boric acid at 0.025 %. Nitrogen was added at three unequal batches at growth start, just after berry setting and one month later. Ethrel and proton were sprayed once at veraison stage. Silicon, selenium, plant extracts and boron were sprayed three times at growth start, just after berry setting and veraison stage. The merit was improving berries colouration, yield and quality of berries. All growth aspects, leaf chemical components, yield and physical characteristics of the berries were unaffected by spraying ethrel and/or proton. Berries colouration % and chemical characteristics of the berries were positively affected by treating the clusters with ethrel and or proton. Growth aspects, leaf chemical components, yield, berries colouration % and berries quality were materially enhanced with using silicon and/or selenium, boric acid, plant extracts and N. The best results with regard to all parameters except berries colouration and chemical characteristics were obtained due to using silicon plus selenium. According to the obtained data, it is preferable to spray potassium silicate at 0.1% + selenium at 25 ppm three times at growth start, just after berry setting and at veraison stage for improving the yield of Crimson seedless grapevines. For improving quality of the berries, it is suggested to spray ethrel at 125 ppm+ proton at 50 ppm once at veraison stage.

[Ahmed, M. K. Abdel Aal; Mohamed A.M. Abada and Hesham, A. E. Mohamed. Trials for Solving the Problem of Poor Berries Colouration and Improving Yield of Crimson Seedless Grapevines. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):91-103]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 11. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.11.

Keywords: Crimson seedless, poor berries colouration, yield, growth aspects, quality parameters, ethrel, proton, Silicon, Selenium, plant extract, boric acid, N.

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Impact of Farmers' Field Schools Approach on Crop Productivity in Khartoum State, Sudan

Mohamed Zakaria Yahia

Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Sudan. E-mail: dr-raouf12@hotmail.com

Abstract: This article investigates the impact of farmers' field schools approach to increase the agricultural productivity in the study area of Khartoum state, Sudan. The random sample method was used to select 320 respondents’ from four localities of the State. Primary data was obtained through interview schedule and observation. Descriptive analysis was carried out to display frequencies and percentages for the socioeconomic characteristics or respondents. Multiple regression and T-test were used for data analysis and discussion. The study findings of multiple regressions revealed that the level of participation in farmers’ field schools (FFSs) was significantly associated with the education, farm ownership, farm size, and the period of residency. It is also indicated that the level of application of received agricultural innovations was significantly associated with the education level, farm ownership, farm size, total income, and participation level in FFSs. T-test results revealed a statistically significant difference between participants and non- participants in term of the total production of three crops (onions, tomatoes, and potatoes). The study recommended some interventions to improve and develop the application of the FFSs approach.

[Yahia, MZ. Impact of Farmers' Field Schools Approach on Crop Productivity in Khartoum State, Sudan. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):104-109]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 12. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.12.

Key words: Farmers’ Field Schools; crop productivity; Khartoum State; Sudan.

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The Beneficial Effects of Using Chitosan and Glutathione on the Fruiting of Red Roomy Grapevines

Ali, H. Ali¹; Maher Kh. Uwakiem² and Omar M.M. Khafagy¹

¹ Hort., Dept., Fac. of Agric., Minia Univ., Egypt.

² Vitriculture Res. Dep. Hort. Res. Instit. ARC., Giza, Egypt

Abstract: During 2015 and 2016 seasons, Red Roomy grapevines were sprayed three times at growth start, just after berry setting and one month later with glutathione at 0.025 to 0.1 and/or chitosan at 0.05 to 0.2%. The goal was examining the effect of these treatments on growth vine nutritional status, berry setting as well as berries colouration and quality of the berries. Single and combined applications of glutathione at 0.025 to 0.1 % and chitosan at 0.05 to 0.2 % had an obvious promotion on all growth aspects, vine nutritional status, berry setting, yield, berries colouration and quality of the berries relative to the control treatment. Combined applications were superior than using each material alone. Using chitosan at 0.05 to 0.2 % was considerably favourable than using glutathione at 0.025 to 0.1 % in improving all growth aspects, nutrients, berry setting, yield, berries colouration and berries quality. A slight promotion on these characteristics was observed among the higher two concentrations of glutathione namely 0.05 and 0.1 % and chitosan namely 0.1 and 0.2 %. Three sprays at growth start, just after berry setting and one month later of glutathione at 0.05 % and chitosan at 0.1 % was responsible for improving yield, berry setting and berries colouration and quality of Red Roomy grapevines.

[Ali, H. Ali; Maher Kh. Uwakiem and Omar M.M. Khafagy. The Beneficial Effects of Using Chitosan and Glutathione on the Fruiting of Red Roomy Grapevines. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):110-119]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 13. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.13.

Keywords: Red Roomy grapevines, glutathione, chitosan, growth aspects, berry setting, yield, berries colouration, berries quality.

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Producing Capacity of Valencia Orange Trees As Affected With Spraying Some Crop Seed Sprout Extracts

Farouk H. Abdelaziz¹; Youssed A. Hussein² and Wael M.R. Abd El-Latif¹

¹ Hort., Dept., Fac. of Agric., Minia Univ., Egypt.

² Citriculture Res. Dep. Hort. Res. Instit. ARC., Giza, Egypt.

Abstract: During 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons, Valencia orange trees received three sprays of four crops seed sprout extracts namely Radish, Leek, barely and wheat each at 0.1 to 0.4 %. The merit was elucidating the effect of these crop seed sprout extracts on growth aspects, tree nutritional status, fruit setting, yield and fruit quality. Carrying out three sprays of Radish, Leek, barley and wheat seed sprout extracts each at 0.1 % to 0.4 % had an announced promotion on all growth traits, tree nutritional status, fruit setting, yield and fruit quality relative to the control treatment. Using seed sprout extracts of Radish, Leek, barley and wheat, in ascending order was very effective in promoting yield and fruit quality. Meaningless stimulation on these characteristics were observed among the higher two concentrations of each crop seed sprout namely 0.2 and 0.4 %. For promoting yield and fruit quality of Valencia orange trees, it is suggested to spray wheat seed sprout extract at 0.2 % three times (growth start, just after fruit setting and one month later).

[Farouk H. Abdelaziz; Youssed A. Hussein and Wael M.R. Abd El-Latif. Producing Capacity of Valencia Orange Trees As Affected With Spraying Some Crop Seed Sprout Extracts. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):120-128]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 14. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.14.

Keywords: Valencia orange trees, Radish, Leek, barley, wheat, seed sprout extracts, growth, yield, fruit quality

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Bacteriological studies on gram negative bacteria isolated from some faecal and water samples in pasture of calves and goat

Abd El Hamid, T.M.¹ and I.A. Saleh²

¹Educational Hospital, Faculty Veterinary Medicine Cairo University, Egypt

²Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt

elerefaeytaher@yahoo.com

Abstract: Bacteriological study for 168 samples, consisted of 46 water samples collected from drinking droughts in small pasture incorporated with 122 faecal samples from diarrheic animals (goats and calves) and diarrheic attendants in the same pasture was carried out to elucidate the possible enteric bacteria encountered. Bacterological investigation showed that E.coli, salmonella spp., Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas aerogenosa were recovered in a numbers of 36,26,23 and 21 with a total incidence of 33.9, 24.5,21.7 and 19.8% respectively from studied (faecal and water ) samples. Pathogencity test of E.coli isolates using suckling mouse technique showed that 28 (77.8%) isolates produced heat stable enterotoxin (ST). Salmonella Typhimurium, S. Enteritidis, S. Anatum and S. Typhi were serologically identified with a number of 12,9,4, and 1 respectively. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent isolates in all studied samples and serological identified into:O119,O111,O55 and O85 serotypes.

[Abd El Hamid, T.M. and I.A. Saleh. Bacteriological studies on gram negative bacteria isolated from some faecal and water samples in pasture of calves and goat. N Y Sci J 2017;10(12):129-135]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 15. doi:10.7537/marsnys101217.15.

Keywords: Gram negative, faecal, water, calves, goat

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