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Ergonomics Evaluation of a Kenaf Stem (Hibiscus cannabinus) Decorticating Machine

¹Raji, Abdul Ganiy Olayinka and ²Aremu, David Olufemi

^1. Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

^2. Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal College of Agriculture, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria

abdulganiyr@yahoo.com

Abstract: A kenaf decorticating machine was ergonomically evaluated to access the anthropological and physiological workload on end-users and determine the levels of injuries and discomfort on operators as a result of machine usage. Twenty five subjects between age range 15 - 20, 21 - 25, 26 - 30, 31 - 35, 36 - 40 and 41 years and above (each numbering 4, 8, 6, 2, 1 and 4 respectively) were selected for this study. The subjects were acclimatized with the experimental procedure before the commencement of the evaluation. Parameters measured included anthropological data (body weight, age, height and arm length) and physiological data (blood pressure and heart beat rate at normal rest position and after machine operation). The oxygen consumption rate and energy expended in operating the machine was also studied. Highest Mean Body Weight was 71.5cm for 26 to 30 years, Highest Mean Arm Length was 81cm from age 41 years and above, the variation in Heartbeat ranges from 6 to 50 beats/Min, Oxygen Consumption was 0.3916L/Min and the Energy Expenditure was 6.226 KJ/Min. The machine operation led to very slight increase in heartbeat rate, energy expenditure and oxygen consumption; the physiological difference at normal rest position and after machine operation was at a safe level for normal living thus, the machine usage is not injurious to end-users.

[ Raji, Abdul Ganiy Olayinka and  Aremu, David Olufemi. Ergonomics Evaluation of a Kenaf Stem (Hibiscus cannabinus) Decorticating Machine. N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):1-6]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.01.

Keywords: Ergonomics, Kenaf Stems, Decorticating Machine, Anthropology, Physiological

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Survey on trends, challenges, and opportunities of honey production and its marketing system in hawa gelan district kellam wollega zone western ethiopia.

Atar Mohammed, Lishan Aseffa, Chala Mohammed and Zelalem Aberra

School of Veterinary Medicine, Collage of Medical and Health Science, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia

Corresponding author: chalamohammed@wollegauniversity.edu.et

Abstracts: The study was conducted in Hawa Gelan District, Kellem Wollega of Western Oromia national regional state, Ethiopia to assess trends, challenges and opportunities of honeybee production and marketing systems. Structured questionnaire was employed for the study. The cross-sectional study design were carried out by using desk research, interviews, surveys and visual observation as methods in seeking answer to research questions. Purposive (district), simple random (Peasant Associations) and Census (beekeepers) sampling techniques were employed to select 96 beekeepers from two Peasant Associations. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. In the study area, three types of honeybee production practices were identified, namely: Traditional, Intermediate and Movable frame hive honeybee production practices. The result shows most 69.79 % of beekeepers in the study area have owned only traditional bee hives. As a result the average annual honey produced per households was very low which estimated 93 kg in 2015. The average amount of honey harvested /hive/year from traditional hive, transitional hive and modern hive were 4.32±0.042kg, 9.83±1.05kg and 14.2±2.52kg respectively. The mean yields obtained from the three hives were statistically significant at (p < 0.05). From the beekeepers (64.6%) and (59.3%) have declared that deceasing trend of honey production and colony number from time to time respectively. Honey marketing participants were consumers (35%), retailers and consumers (31%), retailers (24%) and collectors (7.5%). The most important constraints, as beekeepers responded in their order of sequence were pests and predators (41.30%), poisoning of agro-chemicals (23.60%), high cost of modern hives and accessories (11.20%), shortage of bee forages (9.40%), low quality of honey products (7.20%), Poor infrastructure development (5.30%) and other factors (2.0%) were identified respectively. Despite of these, there are also future opportunities like presence of huge number of bee colonies (32.5%), availability of diverse vegetation plants and ample sources of water (21.70%), increasing demand of local honey (17.65%), presence of good government policy (9.0%) and others factors (19.15%). Further study is required to characterize honey bees of the area, quality of honey, major pests, predators and disease of economic importance. However, improving honey bee production techniques is important.

[Mohammed A, Mohammed C, Asefa L, Abera Z. Survey on trends, challenges, and opportunities of honey production and its marketing system in hawa gelan district kellam wollega zone western ethiopia.. N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):7-15]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.02.

Key words: Bee Keeping, Challenges; Hawa Gelan, Marketing, Opportunities, Trends

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Role of furosemide stress test as a novel assessment of tubular function in acute kidney injury

Yousry Elsaied Rezk¹, Ahmed Hamdy Abd El-Rahman², Ashraf Mostafa Elnahas¹ and Mohamed Hatem Onsi³

¹Cardiothoracic Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

²Anesthesia and intensive Care Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

³Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt

onsi_mohamed@yahoo.com

Abstract: Introduction: Acute kidney injury has a high morbidity and mortality outcome so need highly sensitive marker to assess the degree of tubular affection for early detection and management to prevent further complication. Methods: We investigated the ability of a furosemide stress test (FST) (one-time dose of 1.0 or1.5 mg/kg depending on prior furosemide-exposure) to predict the development of AKIN Stage-III in critically ill subjects with early AKI which considered group I. and group II who received standard management for AKI. Result: We studied 80 subjects; 40 consecutive patients in group I and 40 consecutive patients in group II; 25 (37.5%) and (50%) met the primary endpoint of progression to AKIN-III in group I, II consequently. patients with progressive AKI had significantly lower urine output following FST in the first 6 hours (p<0.033). The area under the receiver operator characteristic curves for the total urine output over the first 2 hours following FST to predict progression to AKIN-III was 0.87 (p = 0.001). The ideal-cutoff for predicting AKI progression during the first 2 hours was a urine volume of less than325mls with a sensitivity of 87.1% and specificity 84.1% in group I and 95% sensitivity and 95%specificity in group II. Conclusion: The FST in patients with early AKI serves as a novel assessment of tubular function with predictive capacity to identify those patients with severe and progressive AKI. Future studies to validate these findings are warranted.

[Yousry Elsaied Rezk, Ahmed Hamdy Abd El-Rahman, Ashraf Mostafa Elnahas  and Mohamed Hatem Onsi . Role of furosemide stress test as a novel assessment of tubular function in acute kidney injury. N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):16-21]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.03.

Keywords: Role; furosemide; stress; test; novel; assessment; tubular; function; acute kidney injury

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Assessment of Health Information System of Diseases Surveillance At Al-Azhar University Hospitals in Cairo

Ahmed Mohammed Abu-Bakr El-Bakary, Zayed Abd Elfattah Saleh, Mohamed Abd Elhakim Rizk

Department of Community Medicine and Industrial Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University

Ahmed3_1984@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Developing effective and efficient surveillance and response systems is important for national, regional and global health security. Furthermore, functioning surveillance systems are necessary for the success of global health initiatives. Objectives: To upgrade health information system in Al-Azhar University Hospitals and maximizing its role in diseases surveillance and utilization of collected data through assessment of the multidimensional aspects of health information system and reinforcing its role in support of diseases surveillance. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Elhussien and Bab-elshearia university hospitals selected randomly from Al-azhar university hospitals in Cairo. The sample included 56 non-medical personnel which were responsible for diseases surveillance and 360 doctors & nurses selected by stratified random sample from selected departments which are related to notifiable diseases. Results: The results of the present study showed weak functionality levels of data analysis, dissemination of information, feedback and presentation of information. The overall levels of utilization of information, supervision and training in disease surveillance are also weak. All departments send paper forms to the higher levels and don’t use electronic information system in disease surveillance. The majority of the studied doctors and nurses notified the health authorities on notifiable diseases but only about have of them follow the guidelines and ever saw a disease notification form. Recommendations: The study highlighted the need to assign adequate human resources for disease surveillance units within departments and should be equipped with basic information & communication technology equipment. Continuous training for the medical and non-medical staff should be given regularly in a planned manner.

[Ahmed Mohammed Abu-Bakr El-Bakary, Zayed Abd Elfattah Saleh, Mohamed Abd Elhakim Rizk. Assessment of Health Information System of Diseases Surveillance At Al-Azhar University Hospitals in Cairo. N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):22-40]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.04.

Keywords: Assessment – Health information system – Diseases surveillance

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Lactate Dehydrogenase and Creatine phosphokinase in Coronary Artery Disease

Saira Baloch¹, Bikha Ram Devrajani², Abdul Ghaffar Memon³

¹Medical Research Centre, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences Jamshoro Pakistan

²Department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro Pakistan

³Department of Cardiology, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro Pakistan

saira.baloch@lumhs.edu.pk

Abstract Objective: The objective of the present study was to assess the lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase in the serum of coronary artery disease patients and healthy controls. Method: The case-control study included 150 samples collected from coronary artery disease patients and controls for the analysis the variations of LDH and CPK. Blood samples were collected from patients with CAD and healthy controls and analysis of the levels of LDH and CPK were carried out using a kit method on Microlab 300. Result: LDH and CPK enzymes were increased in patients as compared with the controls. Conclusion: Further detailed investigations on the heart enzymes in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease are needed.

[Baloch S, Devrajani BR, Memon AG. Lactate Dehydrogenase and Creatine phosphokinase in Coronary Artery Disease. N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):41-42]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.05.

Keywords: Lactate Dehydrogenase, Creatine Phosphokinase, Coronary Artery Disease

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Geochemical Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in rural and urban wetlands in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Ita, R. E^*and Anwana, E. D

Department of Botany and Ecological Studies, University of Uyo, P.M.B.1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

*Corresponding Author: alwaizfwesh247@yahoo.com

Abstract: Nutrient and waste inputs into wetlands have dire consequences on both soil and water quality and by extension dependent aquatic flora and fauna. Within this purview, heavy metal contamination was assessed in a rural and urban wetland in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Soil samples were analyzed for Pb, Zn, Fe, Ni and Cd using AAS. Results show marked variations of heavy metal concentrations within study area. Mean values of Fe (713.22 ± 59.39), Pb (5.95 ± 0.42), Zn (88.54 ± 8.03) and Cd (1.53 ± 0.65) were higher in the urban site while Ni (9.45 ± 1.56) was higher in the rural area. Heavy metal contamination status was assessed using four indices; enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index, contamination factor and degree of contamination. The calculated enrichment factor values for the studied metals in both wetland areas were significant for Zn and Pb. The same trend was also true for Geo-accumulation index values and contamination factor in the two wetland sites. Additionally, result for degree of contamination was high for both wetlands; urban (39.08) rural (33.71). Cluster analysis was employed to show the heavy metals source apportionment in the wetlands. The results of this study clearly shows that presently, these wetlands are contaminated due to increased anthropogenic activities and as such, adequate measures should be put in place by relevant authorities to checkmate and regulate human activities around wetlands in order to protect them from further deterioration and contamination. 

[Ita R, Anwana E, Geochemical Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in rural and urban wetlands in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.. N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):43-51]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.06.

Keywords: Heavy metals, Pollution indices, Macrophytes, Physicochemical Analyses, Soil

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The Effect of competitive advantage on the growth of biotechnology industries in Nigeria

Shukurat M. Bello ¹, Ibrahim Adamu Ibrahim ¹, Isah Ahmed Waziri ¹, Yusuf Yakubu Adamu ¹, Sani Muhammad Sade ¹, Idris Abdullahi Nasir ^2*

^1.  Department of Biotechnology, Bayero University Kano, Nigeria

^2.  Department of Medical Laboratory Services, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, FCT Abuja, Nigeria

Email address: eedreesan@gmail.com

Abstract: Biotechnology industries constitute a very important segment of the economy. This industrial sector is a major drive that promotes productivity and the growth of jobs in a country. The development of a country has been linked to the strengthening and enhancement of the private sector where biotechnology industries play an important role. The growth of biotechnology industries in agriculture, healthcare, bioenergy has been considered as an engine growth and has been attributable to presence of competitive advantage. Competitive advantage is the ability of an organization or economic sector to produce goods or services more effectively than competitors, thereby outperforming them. Sustainable growth and the increase of biotechnology industries competitiveness has been shown provide the environment for investment and employment. However, the biotechnology industrial sector especially in presence of competitive advantage has not been fully harnessed in Nigeria due to multi-factorial reasons. In view of these, the present study sought to emphasize the growing importance of sustainable competitive advantage on the growth of BIs in Nigeria. This paper offers some guidelines for biotechnology industries, in order to achieve competitive advantage. In a broader view, this paper will serve as source of information that will promote and orient BIs towards competitive advantage in Nigeria. In this way, it will contribute to the continuous growth and dynamic development, as well as increased productivity and biotechnology businesses in Nigeria.

[Shukurat M. Bello, Ibrahim Adamu Ibrahim, Isah Ahmed Waziri, Yusuf Yakubu Adamu, Sani Muhammad Sade, Idris Abdullahi Nasir. The Effect of competitive advantage on the growth of biotechnology industries in Nigeria. N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):52-57]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 7. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.07.

Key words: Biotechnology; Economic growth; Competitive advantage; Nigeria

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Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals

Akefe IO, ¹ Adamu AM, ² Yusuf IL, ³ Anaso EU, ⁴ Umar MS. ⁵

^1. Physiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria

^2. Department of Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja

^3. Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri.

^4. Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Abuja

^5. Department of Theriogenology and Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

akefeisaac@yahoo.com, 08034986335, 08156353662

Abstract: An endocrine disruptor is an exogenous substance or mixture that alters function (s) of the endocrine system consequently causing adverse health effects in an intact organism, or its progeny populations. Over 800 chemicals used in daily life possess endocrine disrupting properties. These chemicals are involved in many chronic diseases like cardiovascular problems, diabetes, obesity, reproductive abnormalities, thyroid problems, neoplasm and many homeostatic imbalances. From the atmosphere, EDCs in the vapor phase are transferred to soil surface either by physical or chemical processes. In this cycle, human and wildlife are threatened to endocrine disruption via inhalation of EDC from the atmosphere and consumption of EDC deposited in primary producers and bio-accumulated tissues of secondary consumers. EDCs exhibit genomic responses and modify transcriptional signals by inhibiting or synthesizing new proteins. EDCs also mimic endogenous steroid hormones and induce rapid nongenomic response by binding plasma membrane receptors and acting through second messenger-triggered signal cascades resulting in the changes in cellular motility, signaling processes and rapid hormonal synthesis. Strategies to alleviate the devastation that arises from these EDSc include strengthening the knowledge of EDCs, improved testing for EDCs, reducing exposures and thereby vulnerability to disease, identifying endocrine active chemicals, creating enabling environments for scientific advances, innovation and disease prevention and enhanced methods for evaluating evidences of EDCs.

[Akefe IO,   Adamu AM,   Yusuf IL,  Anaso EU,  Umar MS. Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals. N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):58-69]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.08.

Keywords: Pathophysiology; Endocrine; Chemicals; Phthalates; Pesticides; Biphenyls

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Investigation on bottlenecks to Obtain Optimum Model By minimization of integrated rising Costs in Logistics

M.H.Tabrizi¹, Hua-ming Song²

¹ Department of Economics, Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P.R. China. E-mail: m.mirfattah1@outlook.com

² Department of Economics, Management, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P.R. China. E-mail: huaming@njust.edu.cn

Abstract: In this paper the numerical investigation on bottlenecks of logistic system with the goal of integration and minimization total cost has been conducted. An integrated model has been developed in order to solve the difficulties and turbulent factors that causes the losses in the manufacturing process of supply, production and distribution. In recent researches, we studied the focus on the minimization models of supplement supply chain including of supply, production, distribution and an integrating model of a pair of these functions (supply-production), (production-distribution) and (supply-distribution). But there has been no research work on the relevant elements of the models in function. In general, this paper is consisting the three functions into process of supply chain system in details and existing a new conformed model of integrating three models. To explore the viability of the proposed model, computational experiments are performed on a real-world case. We investigate and study our plan on local sections in AAC(Autoclaved Aerated Concrete light weighted Blocks) plant as a case study while obtained data refers to the expert’s reports and experimental data by sales part, inventory and manufacturing managers’ reports while assesses to the operations at industrial community of Sharif in Pakdasht, Iran. We will finally give the outcome to decision makers for conservation of the time, costs and energy as they would effect on the production planning, process mapping and control to omit or decrease the bottlenecks that causes the losses. In this paper, in conclusion we point to the significant role of this integrated model through this supply chain system that can be used in any other systems.

[M.H.Tabrizi, Hua-ming Song. Investigation on bottlenecks to Obtain Optimum Model By minimization of integrated rising Costs in Logistics . N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):70-78]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.09.

Keywords: bottlenecks, Integration, Logistics, Supply chain, total costs

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A Study On The Distribution Of Hard Tick (Ixodidae) On Cattle In And Around Chiro, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Umer Seid ¹, Chala Mohammed ²

^1. Department of Animal Science, Oda Bultum University, Umer Seid, Chiro, Ethiopia

² Wollega University College of medical and health science school of veterinary medicine

 Omerseid76@gmail.com

Abstract: The study was conducted for a period of six months (November 2016 to April 2017) in Chiro (Eastern Ethiopia) with the aim to determine the distribution rate of adult hard tick (Ixodidae) on cattle using a cross sectional study. The adult hard ticks were collected from cattle which are under extensive management system found in different localities of the area. During the study period, a total of 3908 adult hard tick were collected in two agro ecological zone (mid- and low-land). In this study, three genera of tick (Amblyomma, Boophilus and Rhipicephalus) with the relative infestation rate of 73.31%, 19.11% and 7.58% were found. Five tick species namely Amblyomma cohaerance, Amblyomma variagatem Amblyomma gemma, Bophilus decoloratus and Rhipicephalus. evertsi evertsi with respective prevalence of 32.39%, 29.29%, 11.61%, 19.11% and 7.57%. The number of male ticks collected was exceeding those of the female in all species of tick identified. Out of a total 384 animals examined 370 (96.4%) were found to be infested or they were found harboring at least one tick. The burden of tick on cattle had a significant difference in regarding sex and agro ecology. The distribution of hard tick in the study area showed insignificant difference in age, body condition and pre treated with acaricide. The role of determinant factors and little attention paid by livestock owners for treating of their animals against tick are suggested to result in abundance of tick. Acaricide application through spraying and dipping should be strategically applied to control ticks. Study on the tick born disease, involvement of wild life species as well as related facts are recommended as they may provide a valuable basis for design and launching of all control programs in the country.

[Seid U, Mohammed C. A Study On The Distribution Of Hard Tick (Ixodidae) On Cattle In And Around Chiro, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):79-86]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.10.

Key words; Cattle, Distribution, Tick, Genus and Species

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Communication Factors Affecting the Adoption of Agricultural Innovations in East Nile Locality of Khartoum State, Sudan

Abdel Raouf Suleiman Bello* and Mohamed Zakaria Yahia **

* Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Society, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Sudan.** Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Sudan. Email: raoufbello@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of communication factors on the adoption of agricultural innovations among the farmers in east Nile locality of Khartoum state, Sudan. The stratified random sample technique was used to select 174 farmers. The primary data were collected by the use of pre-tested interview schedule. Descriptive analysis was conducted to display frequencies and percentages of socio-economic characteristics and communication behavior of respondents. Multiple regression and One-way ANOVA techniques were also used for data analysis and discussion. The study findings of multiple regressions revealed that the level of follow-up of direct extension via radio and TV agricultural programs was significantly associated with age, level of education, income, the period of residency, and farm size. Analysis of variances (ANOVA) indicated that the speed of adoption of 8 agricultural technologies (seed varieties, fertilizer use, weeding, control of pests and diseases, harvest, post-harvest, marketing and problems solving by farmers was significantly increased with better access of farmers to sources of agricultural information. The study recommended some interventions to enhance extension communication and adoption of agricultural innovations.

[Bello, AS, Yahia MZ. Communication Factors Affecting the Adoption of Agricultural Innovations in East Nile Locality of Khartoum State, Sudan. N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):87-93]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 11. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.11.

Keywords: Adoption, innovations; agricultural information, communication factors, Sudan.

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Trials for Alleviating the Adveres Effects of Soil and Water Salinity on Growth and Tree Nutritional Status of Picual Olive Trees.

Abd El-Hameed, M.M Wassel ¹; Faissal F. ahmed¹; Mohamed H. E El-Sheikh² and Waleed M. E. F. Mohamed¹

¹Hort. Dep. Fac. of Agric. Minia Univ. Egypt.

²Arid Lands Cultivation Institute, Alex. Egypt

faissalfadel@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study was carried out during 2014, 2015 and 2016 seasons to examine the impact of using the two amino acids namely arginine and glutamic acid, silicon and selenium each at 25 ppm as well as humic acid and effective microorganisms each at 50 ml / tree/year when applied in single or combined applications on alleviating the adverse effects of soil salinity (4.69 mmohs/cm/25 c) and salinized water (3.13 mmohs/cm/25 c) on growth and tree nutritional status of Picual olive trees grown under West Samalout, Minia region. Subjecting the trees grown under saline soil and irrigating with salinized water to the two amino acids namely arginine and glutamic acid each at 25 ppm, silicon and selenium each at 25 ppm as well as humic acid and effective microorganisms each at 50 ml / tree/year either alone or in all possible combinations was favourable for stimulating the leaf area and shoot length, leaf pigments namely total chlorophyll and total carotenoids, N, P, K, Mg, Zn, Fe and Mn and was responsible for reducing Ca, Na and Cl in the leaves of Picual olive trees relative to the control trees (trees subjecting to salinity stress only). Using humic acid and effective microorganisms was superior than using amino acids alone or together in this respect. Using silicon and/or selenium with amino acids or humic acid and effective microorganisms caused outstanding effect on alleviating the adverse effect of salinity stress on growth, leaf pigments and uptake of different nutrients compared to using amino acids or humic acid and effective microorganisms each alone. For alleviating the inferior effects of salinity stress on growth and tree nutritional status of Picual olive trees, it is necessary to add humic+ effective microorganisms each at 50 ml/tree/year via soil plus spraying silicon and selenium each at 25 ppm trees times.

[Abd El-Hameed, M.M Wassel; Faissal F. ahmed; Mohamed H. E El-Sheikh and Waleed M. E. F. Mohamed. Trials for Alleviating the Adveres Effects of Soil and Water Salinity on Growth and Tree Nutritional Status of Picual Olive Trees.. N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):94-105]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 12. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.12.

Keywords: Picual olives, arginine, glutamic acid, silicon, selenium, humic acid, effective microorganisms, growth, tree nutritional status.

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Using Amino Acids, Silicon, Selenium, Humic Acid and Em for Counteracting the Inferior Effects of Salinity on Fruiting of Picual Olive Tress

Abd El-Hameed, M.M Wassel¹; Faissal F. ahmed¹; Mohamed H. E El-Sheikh² and Waleed M. E. F. Mohamed¹

¹Hort. Dep. Fac. of Agric. Minia Univ. Egypt.

²Arid Lands Cultivation Institute, Alex. Egypt

Email: faissalfadel@yahoo.com

Abstract: During 2014, 2015 and 2016 seasons, Picual olive trees growing under salinity stress were subjected to application of two amino acids namely arginine and glutamic acid, silicon (Si) and selenium (Se) each at 25 ppm and humic acid + effective microorganisms (EM) each at 50 ml/tree/year in single and combined forms. The merit was alleviated the adverse effects of salinity on yield as well as both physical and chemical characteristics of the fruits. Salinity was 4.69 dsm-1 and 3.13 dsm-1 for soil and irrigation water, respectively. All amino acid, Si, Se and humic acid + EM treatments were responsible for promoting initial fruit setting %, fruit retention %, yield, fruit weight, fruit pulp % and fruit oil % relative to the control. Using humic acid+ EM+ Si and / or Se had striking effect on all the investigated parameters than using amino acids plus Si and/ or Se. Silicon effects were greater than Se impacts in this respect. Combined applications of Si and Se was considerably preferable than using each alone in this connection. For improving yield and fruit quality of Picual olive trees growing under salinity stress, it is suggested to add humic acid+ EM via soil each at 50 ml/tree/year besides spraying Si and Se each at 25 ppm three times.

[Abd El-Hameed, M.M Wassel ; Faissal F. ahmed ; Mohamed H. E El-Sheikh  and Waleed M. E. F. Mohamed. Using Amino Acids, Silicon, Selenium, Humic Acid and Em for Counteracting the Inferior Effects of Salinity on Fruiting of Picual Olive Tress. N Y Sci J 2017;10(11):106-113]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 13. doi:10.7537/marsnys101117.13.

Keywords: Picual olives, arginine, glutamic acid, silicon, selenium, humic acid, effective microorganisms, yield, fruit quality.

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