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Sugar Cane Crop Evapotranspiration under Different Irrigation Systems, (El Minia, Egypt)

Abdel Raheem H.A

Water Mangement Research Insititute, National Water Research Center, Egypt

dr.hassanahmed_999@yahoo.com

Abstract: Two field experiments were carried out at El Minia requirements research station, El Minia Governorate, Egypt-Water Management Research Institute – National Water Research center during 2015 and 2016 seasons. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect and relationship between different irrigation system and different planting methods on crop coefficient of sugar cane crop. This study also aims to evaluate and compare the potential evapotranspiration (ET_p) using different equations with actual water requirement under El-Minia Governorate conditions – Egypt. The results indicated that the first irrigation treatment where plants irrigated with surface irrigation system had the highest value of actual consumptive use (daily, monthly and seasonal). While, the second irrigation treatments for plants irrigated development irrigation system by gated pipes had the lowest value of actual consumptive use (daily, monthly and seasonal). The planting method in beds caused decrease in daily, monthly and seasonal actual evapotranspiration (ETa), in both seasons. Modified Penman and modified Blaney & Criddle gave high average values for potential evapotranspiration ETp (2289.83 and 2171.26 mm /season) for the two studied seasons, respectively. While Raditaion method and Pan method gave less average values (2128.16 and 1840.57 mm/season) for the two studied seasons respectively. The actual values of evapotranspiration were less than those computed by climatological equations. This due to the estimated factors in these equations. The average values of potential evapotranspiration (ETp) for the two studied seasons, by Radation method and modified Blany & Criddle were the nearest (ETp) values to general average (+0.98 and + 3.03 % respectively) while, the farthest (ETp) values to general average were obtained by Pan method and modified Penman (-12.66 and +8.65 % respectively) Average Kc for surface irragtion (A₁) were 0.75 and 0.65 under sub-treatments furrows and beds, respectively. While average Kc for delovpment irragtion system by gatedpipes (A₂) were 0.59 and 0.53 for the same sub treatments respctively. The nearest values to the average Kc were those of Raditaion method and Modified Blany & Criddle. While, the farthest values to the average Kc were those of Pan method and modified Penman. Raditaion method, modified Blany & Criddle followed by modified Penman were the nearest to actual consumptive use therefore it could be recommend Raditaion method, modified Blany & Criddle followed by modified Penman equation for calculating the potential evapotranspiration for sugar cane crop which grown El–Minia region (Middle Egypt) and areas with similar climatic conditions.

[Abdel Raheem H.A. Sugar Cane Crop Evapotranspiration under Different Irrigation Systems, (El Minia, Egypt). N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):1-10]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.01.

Keywords: Surface irrigation – Development irrigation by gated pipes –Aactual water consumptive use (ET_a) - Potential evapotranspiration (ET_P) - Crop coefficient (Kc)

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Relationship between plasma matrix metalloproteinase-9 and acute cerebrovascular stroke

Kamel Hewedi¹, Hassan Kawashti², Ahmed Fathy², Mohamed Zaki¹, Saad Alshemy¹

¹Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

²Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

saadalshemy2015@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Acute cerebrovascular stroke is a leading cause of death. Hence, early prediction of complications is of great importance in management. Objective: The aim of this work was to study plasma level of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) within 24 h of acute cerebrovascular stroke onset and its relation with acute stroke complications during hospital stay. Patients and methods: Fourty patients with acute ischemic stroke and twenty patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were subjected to measurement of plasma MMP-9 within 24 h of stroke onset and clinical assessment of stroke severity. Twenty healthy volunteers of matched age and sex were included as controls. Results: Thirty male and thirty female patients with a mean age of 60.93 ± 8.088 years were studied. The mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on admission was 13.37 ± 7.422. The mean plasma level of MMP-9 in ischemic group was 672.18 ± 181.869 ng/ml, and in hemorrhagic group was 576.00 ± 170.233 ng/ml, which was significantly higher compared with the plasma level of MMP-9 in controls (P = 0.000). There was a significant positive correlation between plasma level of MMP-9 and NIHSS score (sig.= 0.005).

Conclusion: Plasma MMP-9 level was found to be high in acute cerebrovascular stroke patients and correlated with complications.

[Kamel Hewedi, Hassan Kawashti, Ahmed Fathy, Mohamed Zaki, Saad Alshemy. Relationship between plasma matrix metalloproteinase-9 and acute cerebrovascular stroke. N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):11-15]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.02.

Keywords: Acute stroke, matrix metalloproteinase-9, NIHSS, hemorrhagic transformation.

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The Use of Magnesium Sulphate for Brain Protection in Traumatic Head Injury

Mohamed S. Hamza, Osama A. Kasem and Ahmed R Gharbiya

Department tof anesthesia & Icu., Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar Univ. Cairo, Egypt

mohamed.sewefy@yahoo.com

Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI, also called intracranial injury) occurs when an outside force injures the brain. Traumatic Brain Injury can be classified based on severity (mild, moderate, or severe), mechanism (closed or penetrating head injury), or other features. Head injury usually refers to TBI, but is a broader category because it can involve damage to structures other than the brain, such as the scalp and skull. Traumatic brain injury is a major cause of death and disability worldwide, especially in young people. Causes include falls, vehicle accidents, and violence ⁽¹⁾. The current study describes the significance of supplemental magnesium for brain protection after traumatic brain injury. In this study, 40 adult patients with mild, moderate or severe traumatic brain injury were randomly assigned one of two doses of magnesium or placebo within 8 h of injury and continuing for 5 days. Magnesium doses were targeted to achieve serum magnesium range of 4·0 mEq/L. The outcome was a composite of mortality, seizures, time of stay in hospital and functional.

[Mohamed S. Hamza, Osama A. Kasem and Ahmed R Gharbiya. The Use of Magnesium Sulphate for Brain Protection in Traumatic Head Injury. N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):16-23]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.03.

Key words: Trumatic brain injury, Magnesium sulphate, Outcome.

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Prevalence of adult attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms in Tabriz Islamic Azad university medical stager students in 2014

Sepideh Herizchi Ghadim^1*, Massud Abbaszadeh Banaian²

^1-Research Center of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tabriz University of Medicine, Tabriz, Iran.

^2-GP, Tabriz Branch of Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.

sepideh_herizchi@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background and Objectives: (ADHD) disorder in children has long been known and treated. However, in recent decades, the continuation (ADHD) in adults after childhood, considerable attention has defects. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hyperactivity and attention deficit in adults Medical training been done. Methods: This study (Cross-Sectional) by the Conner’s Adult ADHD Persian questionnaire on 176 medical students of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz has been done and data using descriptive statistics and analyzed the latest version of SPSS Are. Results: The (59%) students were female, 36% were married, mean age 33/1 ± 68/25 years, Connors questionnaire measuring self-concept index (43/4), impulsivity (86/4), neglect (90 / 4) and hyperactivity (95/5), respectively. In relation to the comparison of the mean scores of hyperactivity and failure by gender in any of the symptoms of hyperactivity and dysfunction among males and females was not significant (p-value> 0.05) and between the mean scores of hyperactivity and failure Regarding marital status, significant differences in self-concept was achieved after index (p-value = 0.01). Trainees will gradually increase with age and are clearly signs of hyperactivity and reduced medical training but problems remain focused. Conclusion: screening, diagnosis and treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and medical education can improve interpersonal and family relations and avoid future negative results in severe impairment in relation to the treatment of disease.

[Herizchi Ghadim S, Abbaszadeh Banaian M. Prevalence of adult attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms in Tabriz Islamic Azad university medical stager students in 2014. N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):24-28]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 4. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.04.

Keywords: Adult Attention Deficit, Trainees, Conner’s Questionnaire

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Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and Plasmid status of Eschericha coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from clinical sources in UPTH, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria.

Horsefall SJ^1&2, Abbey SD², Nwokah E², Okonko IO¹

¹Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

²Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University of Science and Technology (RSUST), Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Corresponding author. Tel: +2348032594944, E-mail: seleipiri.horsefall@uniport.edu.ng; jedehors@yahoo.com

Abstract: The aim of this study is to determine the ESBL and plasmid status of Eschericha coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from clinical sources in UPTH, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria. A total of 200 specimens, ranging from stool, urine and ear swabs were collected. Data obtained included age, sex and ward/clinic attended. All samples were analysed using standard methods. The results showed that the prevalence of ESBL in this study population was 41.7% (n=25) and E. coli (43.9%) and K. pneumoniae (36.8%). These isolates were subjected to the Double Disc Synergy Test to test for the presence of ESBL producing enzymes. An enhanced zone of inhibition between anyone of the β-lactam discs and the beta-lactamase inhibitor combination disc was interpreted as evidence for the presence of an ESBL. Clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae and E. coli that were positive for ESBL production by the double disk synergy test were subjected to Acridine orange. Plasmid curing was done in order to study some characters of the organism that may have been conferred upon them by the presence of these plasmids. P-values <0.05 were accepted as significant. Among the clinical samples tested, urine yielded the most ESBL producers [13(41.9%)], followed by stool samples [9(45.0%)]. Ear swab yielded the least ESBL producers [3(33.3%)]. Of the 25 ESBL producing organisms, E. coli [18(72.0%)] was the major ESBL producer and K pneumoniae 7(28.0%). Patients in the 11 - 20 years of age group had the highest number of ESBL-Producing isolates accounting for (20.0%), followed by the age group 21-30 years, 31-40 years and 51-60 years which had 4(16.0%). Each patients in the age groups 61-70 years did not harbouring ESBL producing organisms. Females [16(64%)] were detected with the highest rate of ESBL-producing organism and males accounted for 9(36%). ESBL-producing organisms were most frequently accounted in the GOPD [7(28%)]. This was closely followed by the Paediatric ward [6(24%)], while the Accident, Emergency and Surgical ward recorded 6(16%), respectively. From the results, 40.0% of the ESBL producing isolates lost their ESBL enzymes after plasmid curing while 60.0% were resistant. E. coli were more susceptible to plasmid curing (44.4%) than K. pneumoniae isolates (28.6%) whereas on the other hand K. pneumoniae isolates were more resistant to plasmid curing (71.4%) than E. coli (55.6%). There was a positive synergy (an increase in the zone of inhibition between the Amoxycillin-Clavulanic acid disc and Ceftazidine which is one the 3^rd generation Cephalosporins when compared to the respective zones of inhibition). While no synergy appeared in the negative plate. The finding from this study showed that there is a high prevalence of ESBL-producing organisms in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Port Harcourt, Nigeria with E.coli producing more ESBL enzymes than K. pneumoniae. The presence of ESBL producers could further compound the problem of the patients by exhibiting co-resistance to other classes of antimicrobials. It is pertinent to note that health authorities as a matter of urgency should include molecular epidemiology in its infection control policy. This would help to detect changing patterns and emergence of new resistance genes before wide spreads dissemination occurs.

[Horsefall SJ, Abbey SD, Nwokah E, Okonko IO. Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and Plasmid status of Eschericha coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from clinical sources in UPTH, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria. N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):29-39]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 5. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.05.

Keywords: ESBL, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, Prevalence, Plasmid

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Comparative Investigation of the amount of Systematic Risk in the different industries in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) in Tehran Stock Market (2004-2010)

Khan Anwar kamal

Abstract: In the financial literatures capital asset valuation model represent the relationship among systematic risk (Beta) with expected return an each share. One of the fundamental problem that portfolio managements and investors face with it in expected ratio measuring is the beta measurement accuracy for investors decision making in stock and exchange market so that they sure in achieve in expected return on their investment. Thus in this study systematic risk amount in various industries survey. Also statistical tests such as Tokey, Scheffe and has done for a sample that include industries monthly return between 2004-2010years. And finally the findings show meaningful deferent in amount of systematic risk in various industries.

[Khan Anwar kamal. Comparative Investigation of the amount of Systematic Risk in the different industries in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) in Tehran Stock Market (2004-2010). N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):40-54]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 6. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.06.

Keywords: Systematic Risk; Expected Return; Portfolio Management

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Profile of mycological agents of Tinea capitis among apparently healthy persons attending hairdressing saloons at Maiduguri metropolis, Nigeria

Mohammed Umoru Askira ¹, Fatima Sangari ¹, Ibrahim Hamidu Musa ², Idris Abdullahi Nasir ³, Zanna Gujja Arjinoma ²,

^1. Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Maiduguri, Borno state, Nigeria

^2. Department of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria

^3. Department of Medical Laboratory Services, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, FCT Abuja Nigeria

Corresponding address: eedris888@yahoo.com

Abstract: Tinea capitis (Ringworm) is becoming a social and health concern due to its persistence in affected individuals. Several dermatophytes are involved in the etiology of tinea capitis. In view of this, the present study was carried out to isolate and identify fungal etiologies of Tinea Capitis infection and to identify associated sociodemographic risk factors. Hair samples from 100 apparently healthy individuals at various hair saloons at Maiduguri metropolis, Borno state, Nigeria were individually collected and inoculated onto supplemented sabourand dextrose agar for 7 days. Isolates were identified using standard mycology reagents. Of the 100 apparently healthy individuals, 16 (16%) were affected by Tinea capitis. Twelve (12%) were Trichophyton spp and 4 (4%) Microsporum spp, whereas (84) 84% were mixed growth of Aspergilus spp and Penicillium spp. There was significant association between Tinea capitis with age but not gender of subjects, and presence of domestic animals. The level of awareness of Tinea capitis among the subjects reveals that 45 (45%) were aware of this condition, whereas 55 (55%) were unaware. Findings from this study revealed that Tinea capitis is 12% prevalent in apparently healthy persons at metropolitan areas of Maiduguri. This warrants the need for community sensitization on Tinea infection and consistent preventive measures through appropriate training of hairdressers on how to sterilize their work equipment.

[Mohammed Umoru Askira, Fatima Sangari, Ibrahim Hamidu Musa, Idris Abdullahi Nasir, Zanna Gujja Arjinoma. Profile of mycological agents of Tinea capitis among apparently healthy persons attending hairdressing saloons at Maiduguri metropolis, Nigeria. N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):55-59]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 7. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.07.

Keywords: Dermatophytes, Mycology, Ringworm

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Clinical assessment of feeding bovine colostrum to preterm infants

Ahmed Ismail MD, Ahmed Helal MD, Muhammed Abd Elhameed MD, Ahmed Abdul Mohsen MB Bch

Pediatrics and Clinical pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-AzharUniversity, Egypt

ahmedmohsen303@gmail.com

Abstract: Preterm infants are neonates born at less than 37 weeks' gestation and gastrointestinal (GI) problems and sepsis are major challenges in NICU, Bovine colostrum (BC) has direct antimicrobial and endotoxin-neutralizing effects throughout the alimentary tract, as well as other bioactivities that suppress gut inflammation and promote mucosal integrity and tissue repair under various conditions related to tissue injury. So, we were studied if there was an effect of BC on preterm infants to prevent serious conditions. Supplementation of bovine colostrum (BC) has shown to decrease incidence of feeding intolerance and sepsis. Days on parentral nutrition, days for full entral feeding, days to regain birth weight and days of hospitalization are also decreased. Serum iron level is increased but serum ferritin level is decreased. Further studies are required for more accurate evaluation.

[Ahmed Ismail, Ahmed Helal, Muhammed Abd Elhameed, Ahmed Abdul Mohsen. Clinical assessment of feeding bovine colostrum to preterm infants. N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):60-62]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 8. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.08.

Keywords: Clinical assessment; feed; bovine colostrum; preterm infant

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Comparative study of color flow Doppler velocimetry of ovarian artery in cases of polycystic ovaries before and after metformin therapy

Mohamed S. M. Fouad¹, Kamel N. E. Abdelgelel¹,Khaled F. Helal²,Amr E. M. Gouda³.

¹Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt.

²Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.

³Resident of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zagazig General Hospital, Egypt.

dr_amr_gouda@yahoo.com

Abstract: Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome is a chronic condition with manifestations that start most commonly in adolescence with irregular menstruation and hyperandrogenic manifestations. It is a buildup of small cystic follicles and of associated infertility, hair growth, abnormal hormones and missed periods. may be started by stress, obesity, family genetics or other reasons, but once this starts, the cysts can create hormonal problems within the ovary and increase the problem. Objective: The aim of the work is to show effect of metformin therapy on Doppler indices of ovarian artery in cases of polycystic ovary syndrome, and whether this affects the hormonal profile of the patient and clinical features of PCOs or not. Subject and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at infertility clinic of Zagazig General Hospital, during the period from (June 2015 to May 2016), included 85 women aged between 18 and 35 years old with mean ± SD (23.64 ± 4.24). They were diagnosed as having polycystic ovarian disease treated by metformin therapy and suffering of anovulation and oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea for at least one year and none of them had any medical disorder and there was no recent history of any drug intake. Result: The mean age of the patients participating in our study was 23.64±4.24 years. There was a statistical significant difference as regard BMI before and after adding the metformin therapy. The hormonal profile before and after the metformin therapy, showed a change in FSH with no significant difference and a change in LH values with a significant difference. There was significant difference before and after metformin therapy regarding difference of ultrasonographic picture of patients’ and endometrial thickness. There was a significant difference regarding ovarian volume, vascularization index, flow index and Vascularization flow index. There were positive significant correlation between LH and both Ovarian Volume and Vascularization index and negative significant correlation between LH and flow index and in Vascularization flow index Conclusion: we concluded that The use of metformin therapy have been associated with: Improvement of clinical features of PCOs patients, ovulation Return of menses, occurrence of pregnancy in some patients and Improvement in Hirsutism. There is a positive correlation between the Doppler and LH level. Significant reduction in VI as well as significant increase in FI and VFI in cases treated with metformin therapy and these finding is associated with Decreased of LH hormone after the use of the metformin therapy.

[Mohamed S. M. Fouad, Kamel N. E.Abdelgelel, Khaled F. Helal and Amr E. M. Gouda. Comparative study of color flow Doppler velocimetry of ovarian artery in cases of polycystic ovaries before and after metformin therapy. N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):63-68]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 9. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.09.

Keywords: Antenatal; Booked; Unbooked; Maternal; Perinatal

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Survey of h2-blocker antihistamines and proton pump inhibitors administration rate in patient admitted into the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) ward

Bita Dadashzadeh^1*, Eilyad Issabeagloo²

^1-Department of Medicinal, Faculty of science, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran.

^2-Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.

dadashzadehbita@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: Stress ulcer disease (SU) is the injury and acute inflammation of the mucous tissue, which in hospitalized patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in early 72 hours in 100% of patients is common. For the prevention of stress ulcer H2 blockers commonly prescribed one of the drugs, proton pump inhibitors and antacids done. Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis 200 files of the archive of Sarab Imam Khomeini which according to required variables was evaluated and collected information was analyzed statistically. Results: Most patients were male and the average age of men and women were very close to each other causes of hospitalization mainly were GIB and respiratory diseases. The drugs used to reduce stomach acid is mainly Pantoprazole and the most therapist of ICU section were internal expert physicians had the Most therapist of ICU section. Conclusion: The results indicated that ICU physicians of Imam Khomeini hospital of Sarab prefer to use Pantoprazole to prevent digestion ulcers created with hospitalization.

[Dadashzadeh B, Issabeagloo E. Survey of h2-blocker antihistamines and proton pump inhibitors administration rate in patient admitted into the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) ward. N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):69-74]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 10. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.10.

Keywords: H2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors, peptic ulcer patients in Intensive Care Unit(ICU)

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Edessy ovarian cancer score (EOCS) in prediction of malignant ovarian masses

Mahmoud Sayed El Edessy, Hesham Saleh mohammed, and Abd Alsttar Alwaziry

Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt

Abdalsttar.alwaziry@gmail.com

Abstract: Background: recognizing cancer means that treatment is not delayed and appropriate staging can be carried out in specialized surgical centers. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors of ovarian cancer and to find out an ovarian cancer score. Methods: This is a prospective study of 200 women admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of El Maadi Military Medical compound & Oncology institute after obtaining informed patients' consent for surgical exploration of pelvic masses. To diagnose malignant ovarian tumors and calculate Edessy ovarian cancer score for every case. Results: Using a cut-off level more than 5 to indicate malignancy, the suggested score gave sensitivity of 83%, specificity of 79.1%, PPV of 54.9%, and NPV of 93.8%, there were statistical significance increase in number of cases showed malignancy in cases with score more than 5 and significant increase in cases with benign lesions in those had score from 0 to 5. Conclusion: We concluded that the suggested score can be used for selection of cases for optimal therapy. This score is a simple technique that can be used even in less­specialized gynecology clinics to facilitate the selection of cases for referral to an oncology unit. Recommendations: Giving multiple score points for ultrasonographic features may significantly improves the results of next studies aiming to find out a good new score.

[Mahmoud Sayed El Edessy, Hesham Saleh mohammed, and Abd Alsttar Alwaziry. Edessy ovarian cancer score (EOCS) in prediction of malignant ovarian masses. N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):75-79]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 11. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.11.

Keywords: Ovarian cancer, Pelvic mass, Ovarian cancer score

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Effect of Muscular Exercise Program with and without Antioxidant on Serum Level of S100B Protein in Male Albino Rats as a Marker of Central Exhaustion and Some Related Parameters

Saad Kamal Taha¹, Hamed Mohamed Osman¹ and Ahmed Mohamed Abd El-Monaem²

¹Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

²Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt

Abstract: The study targeted effect of muscular exercise alone on plasma level of s100B protein level as a marker of central exhaustion which increases permeability of blood brain barrier, and some related factors as serum lactic acid, malondialdohyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity. Also, to investigate the effect of muscular exercise with the use of antioxidant on plasma level of s100B protein level and some related factors as serum lactic acid, malondialdohyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity. Twenty seven adult male albino rats were divided into 3 equal groups; Group 1: control, Group 2: exposed to muscular exercise program only and Group 3: exposed to muscular exercise program and take vitamin C. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences of measured markers between resting and after the exhaustive muscular exercise bout before the application of training program in all groups, After the application of a 12 weeks training program; During rest, There were statistically significance differences between different groups regarding S100B and TAC only, while the other markers (MDA and LAC) didn’t show any significant changes. After the exhaustive exercise bout: There were statistically significant differences between group 1 and the other two groups as regards to LAC, MDA and TAC level. There was no statistically significant difference among the 3 groups in serum level of S100B. But in groups 2 & 3 there were statistically significant differences between resting and exhaustion after application of training program regards all markers (S100B, LAC, TAC, and MDA).

[Ahmed Mohamed Abd El-Monaem, Saad Kamal Taha and Hamed Mohamed Osman. Effect of Muscular Exercise Program with and without Antioxidant on Serum Level of S100B Protein in Male Albino Rats as a Marker of Central Exhaustion and Some Related Parameters. N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):80-95]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 12. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.12.

Keywords: shanghai; Muscular Exercise; Antioxidant; Serum; Protein; Male; Rat; Exhaustion; Parameter

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Brain and Gastric AT1 Gene Expression Changes in Adult Male Albino Rats Induced by Chronic Immobilization Stress. The Possible Role of Angiotensin ІІ Type 1 Receptor (AT1) Blockers

Hamed Mohamed Osman, Abd Elrazik Abd Elhafez Yousef Khedr, Mohamed Mahmoud Khamiss, Amani M. El Amin Ali

Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, El-Fayoum University, Egypt.

Dr.m.khamiss@hotmail.com

Abstract: Our study was conducted upon 60 male rats, they were divided into 6 equal groups, the first 3 groups were left wandering in their cages, the last 3 groups were subjected to chronic immobilization stress for 60 minutes every day for 10 consecutive days, 2 groups of non stressed group and 2 groups of stressed groups were given candesartan in a dose of 1 mg and 2 mg / kg. On the tenth day Pyloric ligation were done to all groups for 4 hours then scarification were done with an over dose of anesthetic ether. The following parameters were measured: Measurement of AT1 gene expression in brain by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Measurement of AT1 gene expression in pylorus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Measurement of the following parameters in the collected gastric juice (Titratable acidity. Pepsin activity. Mucous concentration). Ulcer index in gastric mucosa. The results showed that stress causes marked increase in AT1 gene expression in both brain and stomach. Also stress caused marked increase in titritable acidity, pepsin activity, gastric ulceration and decrease in mucous concentration, with use of candesartan, gene expression had decreased dramatically in both brain and stomach, also there was a significant decrease in titritable acidity, pepsin activity, gastric ulceration and increase in mucous concentration with use of candesartan. Stress induces acute gastric mucosa lesions by a variety of mechanisms, including psychological factors influencing individual vulnerability, stimulation of specific brain pathways regulating autonomic function, decreased blood flow to the mucosa, increase in muscular contractility, mast cell degranulation, leukocyte activation and increased free radical generation resulting in increased lipid peroxidation Maintenance of gastric blood flow is important to protect the mucosa from endogenous and exogenous damaging factors, and Ang II, through AT1 receptor stimulation, increases vascular tone in resistance arteries including those of the gastric vasculature leading to decreased blood flow and ischemia. With the use of candesartan, known as a potent ARB, it was clear in the results of this study that it has a great protective role regarding gastric ulceration and stress response. The protection of gastric blood flow after administration of AT1 receptor antagonists is probably mediated by inhibition of receptors localized to the endothelium of arteries located in the gastric mucosa Lines of evidence supporting the hypothesis of a major role of brain Ang II in stress include stress-induced increases in circulating and brain Ang II levels, high AT₁ receptor expression in all areas involved in the stimulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) activity, including the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), the median eminence (ME) and the subfornical organ (SFO)). Sustained inhibition of peripheral and brain AT₁ receptors by peripheral administration of the AT₁ receptor antagonist candesartan prevents not only the hormonal, but also the sympatho-adrenal response to immobilization stress ). In addition, candesartan pretreatment prevents the activation of the brain sympathetic system during immobilization and produced anti-ulcer effect on gastric mucosa.

[Hamed Mohamed Osman, Abd Elrazik Abd Elhafez Yousef Khedr, Mohamed Mahmoud Khamiss, Amani M. El Amin Ali. Brain and Gastric AT1 Gene Expression Changes in Adult Male Albino Rats Induced by Chronic Immobilization Stress. The Possible Role of Angiotensin ІІ Type 1 Receptor (AT1) Blockers. N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):96-124]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 13. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.13.

Keywords: AT1Gene, Albino, Chronic Immobilization, Angiotensin ІІ.

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Improvement of Distribution Network Performance Using Distributed Generation (DG)

S. Nagy

Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University

Sayed.nagy@gmail.com

Abstract: Recent changes in the energy industry initiated by deregulation have accelerated the introduction of distributed generation at the sub-transmission and distribution levels. As Distributed Generation (DGs) play a key role in the residential, commercial and industrial sectors of the power system, this paper introduce their impact on system voltage and losses of residential distribution feeder. Several studies have been conducted to illustrate how different levels of DG placement can impact voltage profile and losses of the network. The effect of changing DGs capacity, distance and number on the network performance are also discussed and investigated.

[S. Nagy. Improvement of Distribution Network Performance Using Distributed Generation (DG). N Y Sci J 2017;10(3):125-129]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 14. doi:10.7537/marsnys100317.14.

Keywords: Distributed generation, loss reduction and voltage profile

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