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The Political, Social and cultural study of Bano-Mazid dynasty in Hele

Abdolreza Mazraeh

Department of Theology, Shahr-E-Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-E-Rey, Iran

Abstract: Knowledge of local dynasties has special importance in the history. The collected data in the thesis is about a geographic region of Hilla and political and social situation in light of Bano Mazid s territory, which about a century and a half ruled over the territory 403-545 AD. The era of their rule over Hilla, coinciding with the major states such as Al Bouie, the Abbasids and the Seljuksthat Mazidiyan could run there better. As Hilla as the strategic environment and, also because of the love and devotion of BanoMazid to Imam (PBUH) by fostering Shiite jurisprudents and scholars over centuries, like El Pavo and Al facade etc.is one of the most important centers of Shia in the Muslim world.

[Abdolreza Mazraeh. The Political, Social and cultural study of Bano-Mazid dynasty in Hele. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):1-4]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.01

Keywords: BennoMazid, Hillah, a Shiite, Buyids, Abbasid, Seljuk

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Investigate the impact of lean and agile supply chain strategies on organizational performance Abadan Oil Refining Company

Hamid Reza Mir Riahi (Corresponding author), Leila Andervazh

Department Of Business Management, Persian Gulf International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khorramshahr, Iran

hrmr2000@yahoo.com

Abstract: Present study was conducted in 2015 with the aim Investigate the impact of lean and agile supply chain strategies on organizational performance Abadan Oil Refining Company. The statistical population of this study is composed of all employees of Abadan Oil Refining Company with workforce equal to 300. According to Morgan’s table, the sample size is equal to 169. The study was selected and questionnaires were distributed among employees. The study had three standard questionnaires of Lean supply chain (Moghimi et. al, 2011) questionnaire of agile supply chain (Toorang Lee et. al, 2005) questionnaire of organizational performance (Hersey and Goldsmith, 1981) were used. Validity of questionnaire was confirmed in terms of content validity, diagnostic validity, construct validity and convergent validity - by the Lisrel software. Questionnaire reliability was confirmed by a Cronbach's alpha test. The Shapiro–Wilk test was conducted in order to test the normality of the variables and structural equation modeling and was conducted in order to test the hypotheses. Results showed that Lean and agile supply chain strategies Abadan Oil Refining Company has a positive impact on organizational performance also impact of Lean supply chain on organizational performance was equal to 0.513 and impact of agile supply chain on organizational performance was equal to 0.506.

[Hamid Reza Mir Riahi, Leila Andervazh. Investigate the impact of lean and agile supply chain strategies on organizational performance Abadan Oil Refining Company. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):5-14]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 2.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.02

Keywords: Lean supply chain, agile supply chain, organizational performance

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Alanine Aminotransferase/Aspartate Aminotransferase Ratio Reversal and Prolonged Prothrombin Time: As A Specific Indicator of Hepatic Cirrhosis in Chronic Hcv

Megahed Khalil MD., Mohamed Ahmad Elassal MD., Ramy Ahmad Samy MD., and Nesma Attia Fawzy Attia M.B.B.ch

Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unite Faculty of Medicine Benha University, Egypt.

Abstract: Both ALT/AST ratio reversal (AST/ALT>1) and prolonged prothrombin time are separately related to hepatic cirrhosis. Ratio reversal means that in normal individuals ALT is more than AST and thus ALT/AST> 1 but with development of cirrhosis AST becomes › ALT and so AST/ALT>1 or ALT/AST<1. This study was conducted with the idea that prolonged prothrombin time and reversed (AST/ALT >1) ratio together can prove a more specific indicator with a high positive predictive value for the detection of the advance of hepatic cirrhosis in patients of chronic cirrhotic liver due to HCV than either of the two alone. Method: This is a comparative cross sectional study. The data of hepatitis C patients was collected from the general medical ward and medical out patient department.. Patients who were alcoholic were excluded from the study as alcohol itself causes ALT/AST ratio reversal also we exclude patients with comorbid conditions who can have high AST values eg: hemolysis,myocardial infarction.

[Fawzy megahed Khalil, Mohamed ahmad elassal, Ramy ahmad samy, and Nesma Attia Fawzy Attia. Alanine Aminotransferase/Aspartate Aminotransferase Ratio Reversal and Prolonged Prothrombin Time: As A Specific Indicator of Hepatic Cirrhosis in Chronic Hcv. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):15-18]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.03

Key Words: ALT/AST ratio reversal, Pro longed PT, Hepatic Cirrhosis

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4

Endometrial Cancer in Ibadan: Epidemiological and Clinico-pathological Features -10 Year Review

Adekanbi,Adesina Omololu Ayodele^1, Jimoh, Mutiu Alani², Ajani Mustapha Akanji³, Fawole Adeniran Olubukola¹

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

²Department of Radiation Oncology, University College Hospital, Ibadan

³Department of Histopathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan.

sinaadekanbi@yahoo.com

Abstract: Endometrial cancer is the commonest cancer of the female genital tract, it accounted for about 6 percent of all female cancers in United States. It is not as common in Africa; it was the third commonest gynaecological malignancy in an African study. The aim was to enumerate the characteristics of endometrial cancer patients: socio-demographic characteristic of the endometrial cancer patients, and the association of the patients’ profile with endometrial cancer. This was a retrospective, cross sectional study of histologically diagnosed endometrial cancers at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS. Endometrial cancer accounted for 3.1% of the female genital cancers; Obesity was a factor in most the patients; Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was the commonest observed pattern. Majority of the patients were elderly obese, they never engaged in contraception.

[Adekanbi,Adesina Omololu Ayodele^, Jimoh, Mutiu Alani, Ajani Mustapha Akanji, Fawole Adeniran Olubukola. Endometrial Cancer in Ibadan: Epidemiological and Clinico-pathological Features -10 Year Review. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):19-23]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 4.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.04

Key words: Endometrial, Cancer, Epidemiology, Pathology

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Personality profile in epileptic patient

Ibrahim A. AlAfify, Hussein El. El-Shiekh, Mohammed R. El. Feky, Mohammed M.El. Hamady and Mohammed Abd. Alnaser A. Mourad

Neuropsychiatry Department. Benha Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt.

ibrahimafify79@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective: The aim of the work was to study personality disorder in epileptic, finding out correlation between personality disorder and epilepsy. Methods: 86 participants in military psychiatric hospital are classified into two groups 43 of them had epilepsy (case), 43 no epilepsy (controls) by EEG finding & confirmed by clinical finding. Result: there's no significant difference in both groups (case, control) in demographics, there's statistically significantly younger age of presentation of epilepsy with longer duration of epilepsy than epileptic without personality p value 0.01. Conclusion: epilepsy is aneurological disorder may affect psychiatric state among epileptic patients and has amore disordered psychiatric triat than healthy individuals.

[Ibrahim A. AlAfify, Hussein El.El-Shiekh, Mohammed R. El. Feky, Mohammed M. El. Hamady and Mohammed Abd. Alnaser A. Mourad. Personality profile in epileptic patient. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):24-31]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 5.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.05

Keywords: personality disorder, epileptic patient, EEG

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Microbial Quality of Mangoes from selected markets in Accra, Ghana

Godfred Futagbi ¹, Magdalene Addo¹, Precious Agbeko Dzorgbe Mattah² and Eric Sampane Donkor³

^1.Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana

^2.Directorate of Academic Planning and Quality Assurance, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana

^3.Department of Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana

gfutagbi@ug.edu.gh

Abstract: Studies have shown external contamination and internalization of pathogenic microbes in vegetables and fruits. Contamination of vegetables and fruits with pathogens poses health risk to consumers because some vegetables and most fruits are eaten raw. This study was done to examine contamination of mangoes with microbes. Standard microbiological methods were used to enumerate microbes in mangoes sampled from three markets and based on stage of ripeness and level of scars and punctures. All the mangoes sampled were contaminated both internally and externally with bacteria or yeast, however, 12.5% were not internally contaminated with coliform, faecal coliform, yeast or moulds. Significant differences were observed in coliform and faecal coliform counts of mangoes based on the market they were sampled from (p<0.05). Higher proportions of very ripe and ripe mangoes were contaminated both internally and externally compared to unripe ones (p<0.05). Likewise, higher proportions of mangoes with numerous or moderate scars were contaminated, both externally and internally, compared to mangoes with few scars and it was significant for coliform, faecal coliform and yeast and moulds counts (p<0.05). Significant variations were observed in all the microbial counts of both internal tissues and external surfaces among very ripe, ripe and unripe samples (p<0.05). Significant variations were also seen in all the internal microbial counts and external total, coliform, faecal coliform counts among numerous, moderate and few scars or punctures (p<0.05). However, 25% of the mangoes sampled had internal coliform and faecal coliform counts within acceptable limits. Moreover, no pathogenic E. coli were detected in internal tissues and external surfaces of the mangoes. The study shows that mangoes sold in markets in Accra can pose health risk to consumers, particularly very ripe ones and those full of scars or punctures.

[Futagbi G, Addo M, Mattah PAD, Donkor ES. Microbial Quality of Mangoes from selected markets in Accra, Ghana. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):32-37]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 6.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.06

Keywords: Contamination of mango, microbes, ripeness, scars, punctures

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Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the organs and tissues of Xenopus laevis and sediment concentrations from Alaro Stream in Ibadan.

Emmanuel Teryila Tyokumbur

Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Email: e.tyokumbur@mail.ui.edu.ng

Abstract: A study was carried out on the bioaccumulation of heavy metals (Lead, Cadmuim, Arsenic and Nickel) in the organs of Xenopus laevis and concentration in the sediments of Alaro Stream, Ibadan. Edible frogs are an affordable source of protein that is abundant and widely consumed even though studies on heavy metal bioaccumulation in their organs is relatively scarce in Nigeria. Twenty three (23) frogs were collected from disused crab holes, water surface and along the shore of the stream. Collected frogs were washed and dissected to remove the bones, gut, heart, liver and muscle for oven drying at 120⁰C for 8 hours. Dried organ samples were pulverized and acid digested for heavy metal analyses. All the mean As and Ni concentration in the organs of Xenopus laevis was higher than the World Health Organization’s (WHO) permissible limit guideline standard of 0.01ppm and 0.07ppm respectively. With of the exception of the gut (1.56ppm), all the mean Pb in the organs were below the WHO’s permissible limit guideline standard of 1ppm. With the exception of the gut (0.069ppm) and the bones (0.063ppm), all the other organs had mean Cd level below the WHO’s permissible limit of 0.05ppm. All detectable heavy metals (Ni and Pb) in the sediment were above regulatory standards. The study shows that most of the heavy metals bioaccumulated in the organs of Xenopus laevis higher than the recommended World Health Organization’s permissible limit thereby making the edible frogs caught in Alaro Stream unfit for human consumption.

[Emmanuel Teryila Tyokumbur. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the organs and tissues of Xenopus laevis and sediment concentrations from Alaro Stream in Ibadan. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):38-42]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 7.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.07

Keywords: Bioaccumulation, heavy metals, Xenopus laevis, Edible frog, Ibadan.

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Occurrence of Diabetes with Hypertension during Pregnancy

Amber Mahmood¹, Irum Samreen Siddiqui1², Saira Dars² and Zainab Aslam Saeed Memon³

^1. Molecular biology (Genetics) Laboratory, Liaquat University of Health & Medical Sciences, Jamshoro

^2. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Liaquat University Hospital, Sindh, Pakistan

^3. Liaquat University of Health & Medical Sciences, Jamshoro Pakistan

ambermahmood47@outlook.com

Abstract: Objective: To study the occurrence of diabetes and hypertension in pregnancy. Material & methods: It was observational study and conducted at Gynecology & Obstetrics Department. Process of collection of data was proforma was got in which there, parity, gestational age and gestational age when gestation converted hypertension diagnosis, concerning diabetes, age, BMI and history of pregnancy induced hypertension were noted. Results: In this study 120 pregnant ladies were involved in age range was 25-42 years, 20% were obese, and 60% of induced hypertension and 40% were diabetes. Conclusion: It is concluded that the high rate of morbidity and mortality among mothers and newborns may, in part, as of increased occurrence of diabetes with hypertension.

[AM, ISS, SD, AND ZASM. Occurrence of Diabetes with Hypertension during Pregnancy. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):43-45]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 8.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.08

Keywords: Pregnancy, hypertension, diabetes

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Correlation between Prostate Specific Antigen and Total Bone Scan Findings of Prostate Cancer Patients

*Elumelu T.N., **Jatto J.B., *Abdus-salam A.A., *Adenipekun A.A

*Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan

**Department of Radiation Oncology, University College Hospital, Ibadan.

telumelu@com.ui.edu.ng, tessynek@yahoo.com

Abstract: Introduction: Plasma levels of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) and total body bone scan findings play major role in diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of patients with cancer of the prostate. Although it has been suggested that total body bone scan (TBS) may not be necessary in prostate cancer patients with normal prostate specific antigen plasma level, controversy still exists. Aim: The study evaluates relationship between prostate specific antigen levels and Total Body Bone Scan findings in our prostate cancer patients and also to determine the PSA cut-off at which TBS is indicated. Methodology: This a retrospective review of the bone scan reports and the PSA levels of 101 prostate cancer patients at presentation in Radiotherapy Department of the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Results: Patients’ PSA level ranges from 1.12ng/ml – 837ng/ml. As the PSA increases, the rate of patients with positive TBS also increases at 3.3%, 6.6%, 8.8%, 15.4%, 41.8%, and 24.2% in patients with a PSA 0-4, 4.1-10, 10.1-20, 20.1-40, 40.1-100, and above 100ng/ml, respectively (p<0.002). In patients with PSA levels of ≤ 10ng/ml, 2 (18%) and 9 (82%) of them had negative and positive TBS respectively. Conclusion: There is a significant positive correlation between PSA levels and TBS findings in our study but failed to provide PSA cut-off at which a TBS is required. It is advised that TBS be performed in all diagnosed prostate cancer regardless of the PSA levels, with or without bony symptoms.

[Elumelu T.N., Jatto J.B., Abdus-salam A.A., Adenipekun A.A. Correlation between Prostate Specific Antigen and Total Bone Scan Findings of Prostate Cancer Patients. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):46-52]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 9.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.09

Key Word: Prostate Specific Antigen, Total Bone Scan, Correlation

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Influence of Solar Radiation on Localized Irrigation Efficiency in sandy soil-Ismailia Governorate.

A. K. Mahmoud

Department of Chemical and Soil physics, Desert Research Center (DRC), Cairo, Egypt

amr_73@yahoo.com

Abstract: Sundry previous studies have modeled the impact of climate parameters on crop water requirements and hence future water resource needs for irrigated agriculture. Fewer have considered the impacts on performance of irrigation systems and on required water management. Doubtless; that the solar radiation has an impacts on different irrigation components which lead to effect on irrigation performance. Thus; the experiment was conducted to assess the influence of solar radiation and different amounts of water on clogging ratio (CR) and absolute Uniformity Emission (EUa) for localized irrigation with cultivated two crops Bottle Gourd and Broccoli at Ismailia. Hence; experiment was laid out on split plot design with two factors. First; factor is water quantity which comprise into two treatments (Q1 and Q₂) approximately (50% and 100%) from total water applied for two crops. Second factor is localized irrigation system which comprise into two treatments (drip and mini-sprinkler). The results revealed that the1% of clogging ratio under mini-sprinkler needs to 195.65 (MJ/m²) SR with Q1 and needs to 306.9 (MJ/m²) SR with Q2. Moreover; 1% of clogging ratio for drip irrigation system needs for 172 (MJ/m²) SR under Q1 and to 263(MJ/m²) SR under Q2. Further; to acquire 1% decreasing on (EUa) needs to 585.1(MJ/m²) for drip and needs to 948.6 (MJ/m²) for mini-sprinkler under Q2. However; for decreasing 1% (EUa) needs to 434.7(MJ/m²) for drip and to 500.8 (MJ/m²) for mini-sprinkler under Q1.On the other hand; the highest means values for yield production were appeared with drip irrigation system for both crops Bottle Gourd and Broccoli by 4.2 (ton/fed) and 7.9 (ton/fed) respectively.

[A. K. Mahmoud. Influence of Solar Radiation on Localized Irrigation Efficiency in sandy soil-Ismailia Governorate. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):53-60]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 10.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.10

Keywords: Solar radiation, localized irrigation, Efficiency and, yield production

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Inequality of Nikolsky and Bernshteins’s type classification within

Gulmurat Gaimnazarov¹, Olimjon Gulmuratovich Gaimnazarov²

^1. Department of Mathematics, Gulistan State University, Gulistan, 120100, Uzbekistan

^2. Department of Mathematics, Gulistan State University, Gulistan, 120100, Uzbekistan

g_olimjon@mail.ru

Abstract: In this work the analytical functions in the upper semi plane are learned. Therefore, there received inequalities for norms of Hardy space , which is the analogue in some ideas inequality of S.M. Nokolsiy and S.N. Bernstein.

[Gulmurat Gaimnazarov, Olimjon Gulmuratovich Gaimnazarov. Inequality of Nikolsky and Bernshteins’s type classification within . N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):61-69]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 11.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.11

Keywords: space , inequality of S.M. Nokolsiy, S.N. Bernstein

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The relation of overtraining Syndrome to immunity of long distance athletes

Enas Aboul Ella Mohamed Zaki

Lecturer, Dep. Of Training, track and field competitions Fac. Of Physical Education for Girls, Helwan University

Dr.enas_zaki@yahoo.com

Abstract: Overtraining is a process of excessive training, that may lead to overtraining syndrome. The aim of the study is to provide a practical aspects of the relationship of overtraining syndrome to immunity. The researchers used the experimental method of one group of athletes subjected to intensified training program for one month, T. wbcs, Neutrophils, basophils, Esinoplyls, lymphocytes, monocytes, Immunolobilins (IGg, A,M) and interleukin6, glutamine were measured pre-post program. The results indicated a significant differences between pre-post program in all parameters In conclusion: Overtraining might induce immunosuppression of different elements, cells and Immunoglobulins, interleukin6 and glutamine.

[Enas Aboul Ella Mohamed Zaki. The relation of overtraining Syndrome to immunity of long distance athletes. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):70-73]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 12.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.12

Keywords: Overtraining Syndrome, immunity, T.Wbcs, Immunoglobulins, interleukin6, glutamine.

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Hormonal imbalance of Marathon female runner’s

Enas Aboul Ella Mohamed Zaki

Lecturer, Dep. Of Training, track and field competitions Fac. Of Physical Education for Girls, Helwan University

Dr.enas_zaki@yahoo.com

Abstract: Marathon event is an intensive aerobic training in female athletes that may affect reproduction through hypothalamic – pituitary – gonadal axis function. The Purpose of the study is to investigate hormonal imbalance of Marathon female runners. Hypothesis: there are statistical differences in hormonal profile between marathon female runners and regular female athletes. Methods: the researcher used the descriptive methods of two groups, 10 participants each, one marathon female runners, the other regular female athletes. Hormonal profiles were determined [FSH, LH, 17 Bestradiol and prolactin] using Kits and Eliza technique, pulserate, Blood pressure and respiratory rate were also evaluated at rest. Homogeneity for basic characteristics, age, weight, height and practice duration. Results indicated a significant differences changes in hormonal profiles of marathon female runners and regular female athletes. Conclusion: It is concluded that intense aerobic training in marathon female runners may lead to disfunction of the menstruation and hormonal profile and cardio respiratory system.

[Enas Aboul Ella Mohamed Zaki. Hormonal imbalance of Marathon female runner’s. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):74-78]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 13.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.13

Keywords: marathon female runners, hormonal profile, menstruation

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Correlations of JAK2V617F Mutational status with Clinicohematologic Characteristics in Sudanese Patients with Primary Myelofibrosis

Hashim M. Abkar¹, Fathelrahman M. Hassan², Babiker A. Mohamed³

¹College of Medical Laboratory Science, Sudan University of Science and technology, Sudan

²College Medical Laboratory Science College, Sudan University of Science and technology, Sudan

³College medicine, Karary University, Omdurman- Sudan

hashimmohamed10@yahoo.com

Abstract: Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a BCR/ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPNs) characterized by dysregulated kinase signaling and release of abnormal cytokines. About 50-60% of PMF patients have been reported to have acquired somatic mutation in Janus kinase 2 gene (JAK-V617F mutation). The aim of this study was to fine out correlation between the JAK2-V617F mutational status and the clinicohematologic characteristics in Sudanese patients with PMF. 45 patients with PMF were involved in this study. Allele specific PCR was used to detected the JAK2-V617F, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to determinate the percentage of mutated alleles in genomic DNA among JAK2-V617F positive MPNs. The JAK2-V617F mutation was detected in 51.1%. The mean allele burden of JAK2-V617F for positive patients was 69.3%. The prevalence of patients with high allele burden (i.e. JAK2-V617F allele burden exceeded 50%) was 31.1%. JAK2-V617F mutation associated with high Hb (P=.039), Hct (P=.04) in PMF patients. JAK2 V617F allele burden was correlate with lower platelet count in (P = .015).

[Abkar HM, Hassan FM, Mohamed BA. Correlations of JAK2V617F Mutational status with Clinicohematologic Characteristics in Sudanese Patients with Primary Myelofibrosis. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):79-82]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 14.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.14

Keywords: JAK2-V617F mutation; Primary myelofibrosis; Myeloproliferative neoplasms; JAK2V617F allele burden

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Studies on the Effect of Some Natural Products on Bacteria Implicated in Respiratory Tract Infection

A. Ismail ¹; M.MBahgat¹; Mohamed Abdel-Raouf² and Mona Abdel Raouf Abd Allah³

¹Professor of microbiology Department,Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Egypt

²Assistant Consultant of microbiology Department, Gastro - Entomology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

³M. Sc. of Microbiology and Immunology Department, Port Said University, Egypt.

mona_hanina@yahoo.com

Abstract: Respiratory tract infections are the most common infectious disease. The increasing of resistance of some pathogenic bacteria that are associated with respiratory tract infection is another concern. There is growing interest in using natural antibacterial compounds, such plant extracts, honey bee and royal jelly. This study focused on determining the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of some medicinal plant and Honey bee and Royal jelly on respiratory tract infection. Twenty five percentage Staphylococcus aureus were isolated from sputum samples collected from 71 patients having Respiratory tract infections, 34% Streptococcus pneumoniae, 30% Klebsiella pneumoniae and 11% Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The sensitivity patterns of the isolated bacteria to tested antibiotics were prepared as follow: for Staphylococcus aureus is highly susceptible for Levofloxacillin and Imipenem with inhibition zone (30mm), Streptococcus pneumoniae highly susceptible for Levofloxacin (42mm), Klebsiella pneumoniae highly susceptible for Meropenem (40mm), followed by Imipenem (34mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa highly susceptible for Levofloxacin (36mm).Four plant extracts (Caraway, Anise, Clove, and black cumin), honey bee and royal jelly were reported to have an inhibitory effect against tested bacterial strains. The highest activity against S.aureus was exhibited byhoneybee (40mm), followed by Black cumin (26), Royal jelly (26mm), caraway (22mm), while Cinnamon (20mm) show the lowest activity. For S.pneumoniae it was exhibited byCaraway (28mm) and Clove (20mm). For K.pneumoniae it was Anise (28mm), Caraway (26mm) and honey Bee (20mm). P.aeruginosa was resistant to all tested plant extracts and honey bee and royal jelly. Results also proved that ethanolic extract of Cinnamon, Garlic, Ginger, Cumin, Cardamom, fennel, Turnips, onion, Red chili pepper and Peppermint were found to be inactive against all bacterial strains tested.

[A. Ismail; M.M Bahgat; Mohamed Abdel-Raoufand Mona Abdel Raouf Abd Allah. Studies on the Effect of Some Natural Products on Bacteria Implicated in Respiratory Tract Infection. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):83-94]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 15.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.15

Key words: Bacteria, Natural products Respiratory tract

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A Cross Sectional Survey of Yellow Fever and Dengue Virus Vectors in Four Communities of Ayamelum Local Government Area (LGA), Anambra State, Southeast Nigeria

¹Chukwuekezie, OC, ¹Nwangwu, UC, ¹Ogudu EO, ¹Okoronkwo AI, ¹Okoye CK, ¹Onuora EN, ¹Obisi NV, ¹Anielozie, C, ¹Orizu, FU and ¹Igu PO

¹National Arbovirus and Vectors Research Centre (NAVRC), 33 Park Avenue, PMB 01573, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria

Corresponding Author: Nwangwu, UC; nwangwuudoka@gmail.com

Abstract: Several Aedes species have been incriminated in the transmission of yellow fever. Also, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are established transmitters of various serotypes of dengue. Both diseases have been recorded in Nigeria, as recent reports show that seroprevalence of dengue virus in the country is high. This study sought to establish the presence of yellow fever and dengue vectors in the study area. Baseline study to establish presence of the vectors was done in 4 communities (Ifite Ogwari, Anaku, Omor and Igbakwu) of Ayamelum LGA, Anambra state. To ascertain the local vector biting and breeding behaviour, major mosquito sampling methods (ovitrapping, larval sampling, human bait collection, Pyrethrum spray collection (PSC) and light trapping) were employed. Day and night collections were made. Adult collections were identified fresh in the field, while immature stages were reared to adults for proper identification. Results show that 1,531 mosquitoes of 16 species in 8 genera were collected. Igbakwu accounted for most of the collections, 670 (43.8%), while Anaku recorded the least, 190 (12.4%). A total of 422 (27.6%) mosquitoes from all collections were yellow fever vectors. Of these, 375 (88.9%) were also vectors of dengue. Yellow fever and dengue vectors were collected from all the communities, as well as all but one (PSC) of the sampling methods. This work establishes the presence and abundance of yellow fever and dengue vectors in the study area. Hence, there is need for simultaneous entomological and epidemiological monitoring of the viruses and their vectors throughout the country.

[Chukwuekezie, OC, Nwangwu, UC, Ogudu EO, Okoronkwo AI, Okoye CK, Onuora EN, Obisi NV, Anielozie, C, Orizu, FU and Igu PO. A Cross Sectional Survey of Yellow Fever and Dengue Virus Vectors in Four Communities of Ayamelum Local Government Area (LGA), Anambra State, Southeast Nigeria. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):95-102]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 16.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.16

Keywords: Yellow fever, Dengue viruses, vectors, poor awareness, surveillance

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Studying the Effect of Pile-Soil Interface Properties on Piles Subjected To Negative Skin Friction

Mahmoud M. El-Meligy¹; Ayman I. Mahmoud² and Sherif M. Mohamed³

¹ Professor, ² Assist. prof , and ³ Teaching Assistant , Structural Engineering Dept, Faculty of Engineering, Mansoura University, Egypt.

atahrany@hotmail.com

Abstract: For piles constructed in compressible soils, geotechnical engineers had to deal with the concerns of negative skin friction (NSF) on pile capacity and settlement. Presence of negative skin friction or downdrag causes an additional load on the pile, this load is called dragload. Neglecting the effect of negative skin friction may cause a lot of sophisticated problems. Downdrag is a very complex problem influenced by many factors such as pile characteristics, soil shear strength parameters, pile-soil relative movement and pile-soil interface properties. In this study, Numerical work was carried out to study the effect of soil-pile interface properties on the value of negative skin friction on piles. Two dimensional and three dimensional finite element models are used to simulate and analyze the pile-soil interaction problem of negative skin friction. Detailed parametric study was carried out to investigate the effect of different factors on magnitude and distribution of negative skin friction along the pile length, the value of dragload sustained by the pile and neutral plane (NP) location. These factors include pile-soil interface friction coefficient, pile-soil limiting displacement, the order of mesh element used, pile material, pile section shape and using bituminous coating.

[Mahmoud M. El-Meligy; Ayman I. Mahmoud and Sherif M. Mohamed. Studying the Effect of Pile-Soil Interface Properties on Piles Subjected To Negative Skin Friction. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):103-115]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 17.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.17

Keywords: Negative skin friction, Neutral plane, Pile-soil interface, Downdrag

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Reconstruction of Gluteal Deformities "post intramuscular injection" A plastic surgery symphony

Emad Hussein ElSayed, Ayman Abdelmoety Ibrahim, and Barakat Abdelrahim Mahmoud

Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, AlAzhar University (Girls branch), Cairo, Egypt

Emad_plast@hotmail.com

Abstract: Gluteal deformities which results from a wrong intramuscular injection or an infection follow this injection are not uncommon. These deformities vary in severity according to the magnitude of the predisposing infection and to the age that occurs in as affection during the childhood is more aggressive and destructive than in adulthood. When plastic surgeons face these deformities he has to recall all his expertise in different aesthetic and reconstructive surgeries in order to get satisfactory results for him and for the patient. Using of different plastic surgery tools should be in harmony and in proper need with a long term planning and multiple sessions so you will reach the best result that you wish.

[Emad Hussein ElSayed, Ayman Abdelmoety Ibrahim, and Barakat Abdelrahim Mahmoud. Reconstruction of Gluteal Deformities "post intramuscular injection" A plastic surgery symphony. N Y Sci J 2016;9(3):116-123]. ISSN 1554-0200 (print); ISSN 2375-723X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 18.

doi:10.7537/marsnys090316.18

Keywords: Gluteal reconstruction

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