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1

The study of psychological factors causing crime in the community

Mahdi pour bachari ¹, Dr. Mansour atashehne ²

^1.  Department of Law, Persian Gulf International Branch, Islamic Azad university, khorramshahr, iran

^2.  Assistant Professor in Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract: Investigating the causes of crime show that crime is more influenced by their biological characteristics and people are trying to determine their criminal path based on their physical abilities. The socialization of individuals based on their gender affects the formation of criminal behavior, it has been found that in Psychological causes of delinquency in both men and women both depression and aggression, which are corresponds to gender issues affect them and can play an important role in the delinquency. Also the study of changing and rising crime in men and women show that Women delinquency in some cases has changed, Expanding social freedoms, increased employment in the public and the weakening of social controls are the main reasons of raising the crime. Security in any society is the most important factor in ensuring sustainable desirable development, while the offense is the enemy of social security and increasing of negatively related to security, in recent years, increasing changes in traditional patterns has increased public involvement criminal activities especially among the youth. Increasing the state's criminal behavior forces the government to find a solution that makes the public reaction to criminalize the most basic form; but in the fighting against criminality, Criminal laws should be a last resort, not the first. Disproportionate Criminalize is not only the effective solution but it maybe create the new deviance. So because of this reason today it has been paid more attention to prevention of crime which is the most important measures in the fight against crime, should be taken to the account. Prevention of crime is the significant part of the anti-crime in literature. To prevention of any crime paying attention to reason of crime is so important. The aim of this paper is to showing the psychological crime jurists and Western and Islamic jurist.

[Mahdi pour bachari, Mansour atashehne. The study of psychological factors causing crime in the community. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):1-4]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.01

Keywords: psychological factors, crime, delinquency, and crime prevention.

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The impact of Internet on civil rights with an emphasis on social reconstruction approach in the curriculum of students

Vahid Fallah¹, Fatemeh Bazargan²

^1. Assistant Professor in educational sciences, Islamic Azad University Sari Branch, Mazandaran, Iran

^2. MA in educational sciences, curriculum trend, Islamic Azad University of Sari, Mazandaran, Iran

Vahidfallh20@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the influence of the Internet on civil rights and social reconstruction approach with an emphasis on students' points of views took place in the curriculum. The purpose was application of descriptive methods (survey). The study population included all students of Islamic Azad University in the academic year 2013-2014 admitted that it was equal to 10,080 people. Total sample of 375 people, a simple random sampling and the Kerjesi & Morgen table were selected. Measuring tool was questionnaire. Content and face validity of the study in terms of experts and specialists in education was confirmed. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of reliability was 0.70. The high rate is acceptable. For the statistical analysis of the study tables, frequency, percentage and graphs and in inferential statistics and T test Spss software is used. The findings showed that the Internet component of civil rights (including participation in decisions relating to the freedom of expression of opinion, enjoy the social status, secure access to various social and welfare) affects students.

[Vahid Fallah, Fatemeh Bazargan. The impact of Internet on civil rights with an emphasis on social reconstruction approach in the curriculum of students. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):5-9]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 2. doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.02

Keywords: Internet, civil rights, social approach, students

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Study of anticancer effect of Calocyby indica mushroom on breast cancer cell line and human Ewings sarcoma cancer cell lines

Swapan Kumar Ghosh

Molecular Mycopathology Lab. PG Dept, of Botany. Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata-700118, India. swapan.krghosh@yahoo.com

Abstract: Calocybe india is one kind of basidiomycetous edible mushroom. Its inhibitory and cytotoxic effects have been tested on human Ewing's sarcoma MHH‐ES‐1 and breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines, using vincristine and tamoxifen as reference positive controls. Inhibition of MHH‐ES‐1 and MT7 cells to C. indica was determined individually by the MTT colorimetric assay method was employed to evaluate cell viability in this cytotoxic assay. Micromolar concentrations of both WE and ME of C.indica (10 mg to 100mg) inhibited the growth of both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 values of WE and ME in MHH‐ES‐1 cell line were 55.25±1.201mg/ml and 46.56±0.134mg/ml respectively while these values of MCF7 cell line were 52.12±0.15mg/ml and 47.94±0.09mg/ml respectively. It indicats that both WE and ME of this mushroom fruit body are effective for inhibition of both cancer cell lines. This action suggests that the extract of C indica might be a new promising agent in the treatment of both human sarcoma and breast cancer.

[Ghosh SK. Study of anticancer effect of Calocyby indica mushroom on breast cancer cell line and human Ewings sarcoma cancer cell lines. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):10-15]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.03

Keywords: Mushroom, Cancer, anticancer agent, Cancer cell lines

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Comparative analysis of the 5th century Hijri and modern Persian texts from the perspective of the Morphology

Sara Mohammadi Moghaddam¹, Dr. Mahmoud Ramazanzadeh Lak²

^1. M.A in General Linguistics, Faculty of Humanities, Payam Noor University of Mashhad

^2. Assistant Professor, Payam Noor University of Mashhad

Abstract: This paper will investigate "morphology of 5th century Hijri texts and comparison with modern persian" and based on the theory of Chomsky's generative transformational model. Research tools in this article, are most from the books of Bayhaqi, Siyasatnama and Chahar Maghaleh from 5th century texts. The two books Khorshid Maghreb and 100 years of writing stories, which are today paragraphed proses are given. The results of the hypothesises in this paper show that: 1 – Frequency of extensive words in 5th century's texts is more in comparison with compound and compound-derivative words in modern Persian texts. 2 – With revival of affixes and combinations that have been used in 5thcentury's texts we can use them in today writingsword-formation. 3 – Persian language is a suffix one.

[Sara Mohammadi Moghaddam, Mahmoud Ramazanzadeh Lak. Comparative analysis of the 5th century Hijri and modern Persian texts from the perspective of the Morphology. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):16-21]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 4

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.04

Keywords: 5th century's texts, morphology, affixing, extensive, modern Persian texts, simple prose

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The last designer and architect of Iranian contemporary literature (Modern poetry: Nima Yooshij)

Hassan Rafiei

PhD student in Persian language and literature, Yerevan public university, Armenia

hrafiee3@gmail.com

Abstract: Literature and culture is one of the richest and most valuable legacies of each nation. Culture, civilization, and identity are considered as the community core, which have had indispensable and integral relationship with literature and literary and artistic works of every society. Reflection, illustration, and performance of these cores would be studied in the structural or content description and analysis of prose and verse literature work of the society’s writer and poets whom are addressing that society identity; thereby, lead to a better recognition of these writer and poets. Hence, since Nima Yooshij was a poet, storyteller, playwright, author and literary theorist and critic; we should have second thought when trying to represent his artistic figures; which has been under studied, and usually they look at the empty side of his ideas when they trying to recognize and introduce this literary myth; while the capacity of his ideas are tend to perfection and completion; and there are few vacancies there to be found; insofar as, he believed himself that: "I'm like a river that anyone can take amount to his ability from anywhere of it, without any struggle". Nima wasn’t a copytaker or borrower; he spoke about his own state and condition and in his own way. "I’m not working by borrowing/ only state my own condition in my own way". ("Njstam tʃɔɪn be kare arje saz/hæsbe hale khɔɪd næmajæm baz"). The highlight and key point of Nima’s theories is vision and perspective alteration. He has replaced objective views with subjective view in his works.

[Hassan Rafiei. The last designer and architect of Iranian contemporary literature (Modern poetry: Nima Yooshij). N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):22-34]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 5

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.05

Keywords: Nima’s vision, symbol, nature (essence), deviation, point of view

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Enjoining good and forbidding wrong and its impact on security

Seyyedeh Fatemeh Tabatabaee¹, Mahboubeh Chin Aveh²

^1.  Assistant Professor, Faculty of Law and Theology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman

^2.  Assistant Professor, Faculty of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Arsanjan Branch

Abstract: Implementation of social security and discipline is one of the most important issues in new world. Various factors and variables are effective and one of those factors in the Islamic government is vital duty of “enjoining good and forbidding wrong”; thus, in this paper, by the descriptive-analytical method, the position of this divine duty in the lifestyle and its impact on the social order and security is analyzed and determined by appealing to verses and narrations (hadiths). The results obtained from this study show that in the case of enforcement of “enjoining good and forbidding wrong” which can be regarded as “public conscience”, it will be aligned with the components of social security in the lifestyle and will be considered as one of the most efficient factors for establishment of order and security in the society. In case of performing this duty, in proportion to the number of those enjoining the good and also those forbidding wrong in the society, commanding the good (al-ma'roof) and forbidding wrong (al-munkar) will take place, and in this summons, the path of righteousness is smoothed both for those inviting to this duty and also for those invited. It ensures the reform of individual behavior, which is aligned with “individual security”, establishment of order, aligned with “public security”, propagation and promotion of the spread of Islam, aligned with “international security”, establishment of social justice, aligned with “legal or judicial security”, establishment of economic welfare, aligned with “economic security”, succession (to authority) of righteous authorities, aligned with “national security”, integrity and survival of the Islamic community, aligned with “military security”, reform of the society, aligned with “social security”, and enforcement of divine orders, aligned with “political security”.

[Seyyedeh Fatemeh Tabatabaee, Mahboubeh Chin Aveh. Enjoining good and forbidding wrong and its impact on security. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):35-44]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 6

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.06

Keywords: enjoining the good (al-ma'roof), forbidding wrong (al-munkar), security, the functions of enjoining good and forbidding wrong (al- 'amr bi al-ma'ruf wa al-nahy 'an al-munkar)

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Appraisal of association among abiotic factors and population of Chilo infuscatellus (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera)

Shahbaz Ahmad¹, Sahar Naz¹, Muhammad Anjum Aqeel² and Qurban Ali³

^1.  Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590

^2.  Department of Entomology, University of Sargodha

^3.  Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore Pakistan

Corresponding Author’s E-mail: Shahbaz.iags@pu.edu.pk, saim1692@gmail.com

Abstract: Chilo infuscatellus is key pest of sugarcane crop in Pakistan. The study was carried out in southern areas to find the effect of relative humidity, temperature and rainfall on the population of Chilo infuscatellus. The impact of abiotic factors was find out by using simple correlation and regression equation. The results revealed that relative humidity and rainfall showed positive and highly significant relation with infestation and showed r-value 0.529 and 0.765 respectively. The minimum temperature showed positive and significant relation with infestation and showed r-value 0.406 while maximum temperature showed negative and non-significant correlation with infestation (-0.064). The coefficient of determination (R²) = 70.4% was obtained by computing abiotic factors, temperature, relative humidity and rainfall mutually for multivariate regression models. In concluded, that findings of the present study could be helpful for the management of Chilo infuscatellus.

[Ahmad, S, Sahar N, Muhammad AA and Qurban Ali. Appraisal of association among abiotic factors and population of Chilo infuscatellus (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera). N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):45-47]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 7

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.07

Keywords: Chilo infuscatellus, Temperature, rainfall, Humidity, Population, Pakistan

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The Environmental Effects of Amalgam Tooth Fillings

Abdulsalam. I. Rafida¹, Abdulhmid.M. Alkout¹ and Abdultif. M. Alroba²

¹Tripoli University Faculty of medical Technology, Tripoli, Libya

²Department Environment Sciences and Engineering - Academy of Libyan for Graduate Studies, Libya

Abdulsalam_62rafida@hotmail.com

Abstract: This study investigates the heavy metal content in the saliva of persons with amalgam tooth fillings. For this purpose, samples of saliva have been collected based on two factors i.e. the number of amalgam fillings in the mouth (one, two or three fillings), and the time factor i.e. the time since the fillings have been in place (less than a year and more than a year). Samples of saliva have also been collected from persons with no amalgam tooth fillings for control. The samples that have been collected so far, have been examined for the basic heavy metal content featuring amalgam, which include mercury (Hg) and silver (Ag). However, all the above mentioned elements have been detected in the samples of saliva of the persons with amalgam tooth fillings, though with varying amounts depending on the number of fillings. Thus for persons with only one filling the average quantities were found to be 0.00061 ppm and 0.033 ppm for Hg and Ag respectively. On the other hand for persons with two fillings the average quantities were found to be 0.0012 ppm and 0.029 ppm for each of the two elements respectively. However, in order to understand the chemical reactions associated with amalgam tooth fillings in the mouth, the material have been treated outside the mouth using some nutrient media. Those media included drinking water, fizzy drinks and hot tea. All three media have been found to contain the three elements after amalgam treatment. Yet, the fizzy drink medium was found to contain the highest levels of those elements.

[Abdulsalam. I. Rafida, Abdulhmid.M. Alkout and Abdultif. M. Alroba. The Environmental Effects of Amalgam Tooth Fillings. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):48-52]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 8

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.08

Keywords: Amalgam, Mercury, Silver.

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How personality traits affect knowledge acquisition sources?

An empirical study of Iranian Automobile Company

Leila Hooshmand¹, Roghayeh Abdali^2*

^1. Department of Public Management, Faculty of Management, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran

^2. Department of Public Management, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modaress University, Tehran, Iran

r.abdali@modares.ac.ir

Abstract: The focal point of present study is the relation between personality traits and knowledge acquisition sources. The Big Five factors are extraversion, openness, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism. The knowledge acquisition sources are internal codified sources, internal non-codified sources, external codified sources and external non-codified sources. A total of 237 members of staff in an automobile company in Iran completed the questionnaires. The results of analysis of variance indicated that except one personality trait (neuroticism) that have a significant relationship with internal codified sources, other personality dimensions tested in the study (extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness) don’t connected to knowledge acquisition sources. The Implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are also discussed.

[Leila Hooshmand, Roghayeh Abdali. How personality traits affect knowledge acquisition sources? An empirical study of Iranian Automobile Company. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):53-60]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 9

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.09

Keywords: Knowledge acquisition, Big Five Personality Characteristics

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Modeling Surface Water Quality Upstream Cairo Drinking Water Plants

M.A. Reda^1,2, Samia Abou El- Ftouh Mohamed², P.H.S. Riad², H.A. El Gammal³ and M.M. Nour El Deen²

¹Greater Cairo Water Company, Cairo, Egypt

²Irrigation and Hydraulic Dept., Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

³National Water Research Center, Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation, Cairo, Egypt

mohamedahmedreda@yahoo.com

Abstract: The population growth, economic development, with the consequent anthropogenic activities in Egypt and global climate change pose to reduce the quality trends of surface water resources. The limited amounts of rainfall make the country dependent mainly on the Nile River. The management of river water quality is a major environmental challenge. Cairo, sits on the River Nile south of the Mediterranean Sea, just upstream of the point where the river widens into the Delta. Cairo has an average reach length along the river about 50 km (from Km 900 to km 950 Referenced to Aswan High Dam). This research study area covers Cairo governorate along the River Nile, bounded by El Saff town at Km 877.00 from the South and El Kanater town at Km 953.00 from the North. This area is of particular importance in the study of surface water quality because; industrial and municipal wastes, agricultural and run-off from developing areas were mixing with river flow and surrounding water body thereby deteriorating the water quality. This study mainly aims to develop Water Quality Management Information System (WQMIS) capable of proposing the required managent scenarios to improve water quality upstream Cairo drinking plants and control the pollution sources. The collected data were utilized in three phases of analysis. In the first phase water quality indices (WQIs) were calculated using Canadian Water Quality Index (CWQI). In the second phase, mathematical model (MIKE11 model developed by Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI), Denmark) was formulated to simulate a conservative WQ parameter (salinity of river water). This model was calibrated and used to simulate different scenarios to improve study reach water quality. Three WQ parameters (dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD)) were modeled. In the third phase, The Water Quality Management Information System (WQMIS) was constructed for assessing and predicting the situation of the WQ status under current and future conditions. The study management scenarios showed that the maximum water quality improvement can be achieved under integrated management approach of study reach water quality based on the application of drain effluent treatment, drinking water plant sludge disposal treatment and increasing the study reach flow.

[M.A. Reda, Samia Abou El- Ftouh Mohamed, P.H.S. Riad, H.A. El Gammal and M.M. Nour El Deen. Modeling Surface Water Quality Upstream Cairo Drinking Water Plants. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):61-73]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 10

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.10

Keywords: Surface Water, CWQI, MIKE 11, Drinking Water Plants, WQMIS

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Investigation learning methods in students

Parto Sadat Yazdani

MSc in Persian Language and Literature

Abstract: Learning is the result of human interaction with the environment in order to answer his questions. But learning disorder, a serious problem that can affect a person's life. If you develop the disorder at an early age leads to many problems in the process of training the students. But several measures to help solve these problems in children. Among these strategies can be read, focused and noted a positive self-image.

[Parto Sadat Yazdani. Investigation learning methods in students. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):74-76]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 11

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.11

Keywords: Learning disorders, methods of learning, memory, students

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Study of the Facilitating and Preventing Factors of Learning Clinical Skills from the Final Year Students’ Viewpoints

Zahra Pournamdar

Faculty member in Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Operating Room Group, Center for Reproductive Health Research

Abstract: Introduction: Although some researches have focused on studying the facilitating and preventing factors of learning clinical skills, no attention has ever been paid to the study of these factors in the universities that have a different structure and macro-management (Ministry of Health and Islamic Azad University). This study, aiming at determining the facilitating and preventing factors of learning clinical skills, was conducted taking the viewpoints of the students of the school of Nursing of Zahedan branch of Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences into consideration. Methods: In this descriptive-sectional study, 180 final year students of school of nursing, Zahedan branch, Islamic Azad University were selected according to classified sampling in correspondence with the volume. The instrument to collect data was a questionnaire in which the first part contained demographic information of the samples. 67 questions were about facilitating and preventing factors effective on learning clinical skills within the area of student's relation with the personnel, trainers and patients, the student's satisfaction of the method used by the trainer and personnel to teach skills, the method used to present theoretical and applied subjects, the existing hospital and university facilities and the characteristics of the trainers in five scales of Likert ranging from ‘fully agreeable’ to ‘fully disagreeable’. Conceptual and face validity were confirmed using the lecturers' views and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient of 0.81.  The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and T-Test at the certainty level of 95%. Findings: The results of the facilitating and preventing factors from the nursing students' viewpoints according to the given priority and the Islamic Azad University with regard to learning clinical skills showed the trainers' characteristics as the first priority of facilitating factor with the mean of 4.37 and the criterion deviation of 0.43. The student's satisfaction of the rules and regulations in the hospital ward as the last priority of the facilitating factor showed the mean of 3.72 and the criterion deviation of 0.61. The relation between the student and personnel as the first priority of preventing factor showed the mean of 4.71 and the criterion deviation of 0.66 and the student's satisfaction of the method of presenting the applied and theoretical subjects as the last priority of preventing factor showed the mean of 3.92 and criterion deviation of 0.54. Conclusion: Considering the study of the two sample societies under research (school of nursing and Islamic Azad University) that have different decision-making and policy-setting contexts, attention to their special viewpoints toward facilitating and preventing factors of learning clinical skills should focus on the existing differences as well as their special viewpoints in the training courses.

[Zahra Pournamdar. Study of the Facilitating and Preventing Factors of Learning Clinical Skills from the Final Year Students’ Viewpoints. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):77-82]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 12

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.12

Keywords: Clinical Skill, Facilitating Factors, Preventing Factors

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Evaluation the impact of dispersion of particles on air pollution

Mahdi Ojaghi¹, Ziba Beheshti², Reza Farrokhizadeh³, Mahmoud Ojaghi⁴, Mohammad Davoodian Bahnamiri⁵

^1. MSc in Planning, management & training of Environment, Faculty of Environment, Tehran University.

^2. MSc in Assessment and Land Use Planning, Faculty of Environment and Energy, Islamic Azad University, Tehran

^3. MSc in Environmental Design Engineering, Faculty of Environment, Tehran University.

^4. BSc in Applied chemistry, Chemistry faculty, Maragheh payame Noor University.

^5. BSc in Natural Resources Engineering, Natural Resources faculty.

Abstract: To evaluate exposure estimation methods such as spatially resolved land-use regression models and ambient monitoring data in the context of epidemiological studies of the impact of air pollution on pregnancy outcomes. The study measured personal 48 h exposures (NO, NO₂, PM2.5 mass and absorbance) and mobility (time activity and GPS) for 62 pregnant women during 2005–2006 in Vancouver, Canada, one to three times during pregnancy. Measurements were compared to modeled (using land-use regression and interpolation of ambient monitors) outdoor concentrations at subjects’ home and work locations. Various studies have reported associations between modeled estimates of traffic-related air pollution and adverse birth outcomes but these models have not yet been evaluated. A growing body of epidemiological research indicates adverse effects of outdoor air pollution on birth outcomes such as low birth weight, preterm birth and intrauterine growth retardation. Studies of birth outcomes have used different methods to estimate exposure, including nearest monitor, interpolation and traffic-based metrics or, for small study populations, short-term personal sampling.

[Mahdi Ojaghi, Ziba Beheshti, Reza Farrokhizadeh, Mahmoud Ojaghi, Mohammad Davoodian Bahnamiri. Evaluation the impact of dispersion of particles on air pollution. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):83-89]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 13

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.13

Keywords: Air Pollution, Dispersion of Particles, NO₂

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Restoration of Iranian houses with a special focus on the residential use (A Case Study of Madani historical House)

Maryam Manouchehri Naeini¹, Hamed Shafiei²

^1. University lecturer and expert of restoration in Isfahan University of Art

^2. Faculty member of Sheikh Bahaei University, Urban Development Group

shafiee@shbu.ac.ir

Abstract: Part of the urban identity depends on prosperity and continuity of life in the historical context of the city. This tissue is often damaged. As more people lose their native has been suffering from severe exhaustion. In order to maintain the historical context, it is necessary elements and main characteristics, the recognition and support. In order to use this and protect this precious seed shall be considered the soul space. There's an attempt in this paper to make special investigate of residential area use for Madani historic home and also current situation of Jamaleh region context which has undergone many changes in recent years, to restore Madani home with influence on Surrounding context, while investigate the role of residential space, new usage needs today's demands of ujrban historical context.

[Maryam Manouchehri Naeini, Hamed Shafiei. Restoration of Iranian houses with a special focus on the residential use (A Case Study of Madani historical House). N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):90-95]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 14

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.14

Keywords: Restoration, Iranian house, soul of space, residential use, Madani House

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Prediction of Hypoglycemia in Large for Gestational Age Neonates by Non-Invasive Method

Amira Ahmed¹ and Mohamed Yousef Elsemary ²

Departments of: ¹Neonatology ² Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al Galaa Teaching Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.

Amiraahmed00030@gmail.com

Abstract: Macrosomic infants show increased risk for hypoglycemia. This prospective study is undertaken to determine the predictive value of ultrasonographic measurement of  abdominal wall subcutaneous fat thickness (AWSFT) and neonatal anthropometric measurements in anticipating hypoglycemia in large for gestational age (LGA) neonates. Ultrasonographic measurement of AWSFT and femur length/abdominal circumference ratio (FL/AC) before delivery, neonatal serum glucose, ponderal index (PI), mid arm circumference (MAC) and skin fold thickness (SFT) at three sites (biceps, triceps and subscapular) were measured in 50 singleton, term LGA fetuses (group 1) and 20 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) fetuses as a control (group II) as detected by ultrasonographic examinations. Only 34 newborns were LGA out of fifty fetuses detected by ultrasonographic examination (group I), 14 LGA newborns (41%) developed hypoglycemia within one hour of delivery. There was a highly significant statistical difference (P < 0.001) as regards AWSFT and significant statistical difference (P<0.01) as regards PI, length and subscapular SFT between hypoglycemic and euglycemic LGA newborns. Fetal AWSFT measured by ultrasound and neonatal PI were the most sensitive (92% & 71%) and exhibited high specificity (80% & 80%) and / or efficacy (985% & 76%) in predicting hypoglycemia in LGA newborns. Conclusion: Fetal AWSFT measured by ultrasound and neonatal PI are simple and accurate indices that can be used to predict hypoglycemia in LGA newborns. Fetal AWSFT is a sensitive index to predict disproportionate growth in LGA newborns.

[Amira Ahmed  and Mohamed Youssef. Elsemary Prediction of Hypoglycemia in Large for Gestational Age Neonates by Non-Invasive Method. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):96-101]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 15. doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.15

Key words: Large for gestational age neonates- Fetal ultrasonography- Anthropometric measurements-Hypoglycemia

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Request to Stop Treating Leukemia, Cancer and AIDS (AIDS) by Chemoradiotherapy

Sun Chunwu

Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225008, China

Email: yzscw0514@163.com;   Phone: 18652544068

Abstract: I am not a doctor but a bold scientist. I had once my own experience in preventing and treating disease with folk prescriptions, during which time my seven-year brain caner and low fever had made me in semicoma and ailment at most of the time everyday. Though no ideal results were achieved during five years, especially when there was a rainy day or overstrain, illness might be aggravated, I still was keeping the faith and persistent in not taking chemoradiotherapy as I said above, finally stayed alive after over ten years with my diseases healed one by one, such as my sciatica, ankylosing spondylitis, syndrome vertigo, rheumatic heart disease and brain cancer etc. While some of my schoolmates, colleagues from factory and cousin’s wife whose diseases were not as serious as mine died of chemoradiotherapy on hospital’s bed in the faith of scientific treatment.

[Sun Chunwu. Request to Stop Treating Leukemia, Cancer and AIDS (AIDS) by Chemoradiotherapy. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):102-111]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 16

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.16

Key words: Leukemia, Cancer, Causes and Prophylaxis and Treatment of AIDS

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Storm in Iran’s Contemporary Literature (New Poetry)

Nima Yushij (Part I)

Hasan Refiey

PhD student of Orientalism (Field of Iranian studies), State university of Yerevan, Armenia

Abstract: Nima Yooshij is the vanguard of change in the form and structure of poetry. He begins his work with Khorasani poetic style with special calmness and serenity. Taking advantage of a diversity-seeking spirit, he follows up his route by making change in the form, language, and meaning. He looks from a diverse perspective to the world using poetry a tool for expressing the meanings that has been pondered in the mind.

[Hasan Refiey. Storm in Iran’s Contemporary Literature (New Poetry) Nima Yushij (Part I). N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):112-116]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 17

doi:10.7537/marsnys080515.17

Key words: The storm, Nima, Poetry, subjectivity, objectivity

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Indwelling Urinary Catheter Management: Effect of an Interactive Workshop on Nurses’ practice and Perception

Hanan SobeihSobeih and Manal Hussein Nasr

Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Ain Shams University Egypt

manalelwakeel@hotmail.com

Abstract: Background: Over the past several years, catheter management has been evaluated to the best practice technique for providing effective catheter care and minimizes the catheter-associated infections and complications. Aim: Evaluate the effect of an interactive workshop on nurses’ practice and perception for managing indwelling urinary catheter Design: A quasi- experimental. Setting: The study was conducted at the National Training Institute affiliated to the Ministry of Health. Subject: A convenience sample consisted of 40 female nurses selected from different specialties. Tools of data collection: three tools were used: 1-Nurses'self- administered questionnaire: It was used pre/post tests and one month after the workshop and consisted of 2 parts: -demographic data - nurses' knowledge assessment sheet. 2-Nurses 'observational checklist: to evaluate level of nurse's practice (pre/post workshop & after one month) 3- Nurses’ perception assessment sheet: It was used pre/posttests to assess nurses' perception regarding expected urinary catheter complications, ability to solve those problems through proper decision making. Results: The mean age of the studied nurses was 30.0±8.5. The majority of nurses (80.0%) had satisfactory level of knowledge post the workshop. Also, 92.5% of the nurses had satisfactory level of practice post the workshop. The nurses' percentage of satisfactory level of perception about expected urinary catheter complications, problem solving and potential solution was increased post workshop. As well, nurses' attitude toward urinary catheter management was improved post workshop. Conclusion: There was a highly significant difference between nurses' knowledge and practice pre/post and one month later after implementing the interactive workshop. As well, nurses' perception regarding expected urinary catheter complications and ability of them to solve problem through correct potential solution in each situation were significantly increased post workshop. Furthermore, a positive improvement was noticed as regards their attitude towards urinary catheter practices post workshop. Recommendations: Implement this developed interactive workshop on other groups of nurses in order to improve their knowledge, practice and perception of managing indwelling urinary catheters. Consider results of this study as a valuable baseline for further researches for evidence of results and generalization.

[HananSobeihSobeih and Manal Hussein Nasr. Indwelling Urinary Catheter Management: Effect of an Interactive Workshop on Nurses’ practice and Perception. N Y Sci J 2015;8(5):117-126]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 18

Key Words: Active workshop- practice –nurses ‘perception -Urinary catheter management

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