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Effect of Fed on Wheat Germ on Serum Minerals, Detoxification Enzymes and Immunological Indicators of Rats

Azza AL-Adle Ahmed Morsi

Faculty of Education, Hail University, Saudi Arabia

Abstract: Wheat germ is acting as one of the most good multiple vitamins and multiple mineral foods along with its additional high antioxidants content. This investigation was used about six levels of wheat germ which were 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30%, to form phytogenic diets for studying their effects on twenty eight Sprague-Dawley white male albino rats. Blood samples were collected for using to determine the serum minerals [Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Zn, and I], Bone minerals [Ca, Fe, P, and Zn], detoxification enzymes [GSH, GSHP, GSSGR, GST, g-GT, and catalase x10⁴], and immunological indicators [Total immunoglobulins, IgG, T₄, and T₈]. The results were revealed that the highest values of serum calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, and iodine for level six of wheat germ were showed very high significant increase (P< 0.001) than control group. Whereas, the highest values of bone iron for Groups of rats were received 20%, 25% and 30% of wheat germ respectively, which showed very high significant increased (P< 0.001) than control group. Also, the results were showed that the highest values of GSH, GSHP, GSSGR, GST, and catalase x10⁴ were for rats fed on different level of wheat germ, which showed very high significant increased (P< 0.001) than control group.

[Azza AL-Adle Ahmed Morsi. Effect of Fed on Wheat Germ on Serum Minerals, Detoxification Enzymes and Immunological Indicators of Rats. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):1-6]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.01

Keywords: wheat germ, serum minerals, detoxification enzymes, immunological indicators and rats

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GIS-Based Geodatabase For Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis In Location Based Service: An Application For Lagos State, Nigeria

¹Christopher Ndehedehe, ²Olusola Omogunloye, ¹Onuwa Okwuashi

¹Department of Geoinformatics & Surveying, Faculty of Environmental Studies, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria

²Department of Surveying & Geoinformatics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria

Abstract: Location Based Services intrinsically imply services rendered to mobile users with respect to their geographic locations. The main objective of this research is gaining an understanding of the concept of Location Based Services and the requirements necessary for the different technologies that underlie them. The most significant part of this project is developing a geodatabase for the design and implementation of Location Based Services for Lagos State, Nigeria. Due to the ability of Location Based Services to provide quick and easy access, and fast connection speed, the internet is the preferred platform for the location based service demonstrator. A platform is designed to query the Location Based Services. This platform contains the main functionalities of Location Based Services: search possibilities and map rendering with additional features such as the routing of roads, places, and points of interest. So far in the design and implementation of this work, a user friendly platform has been created that will avail the ordinary user the opportunity to be able to carry out basic GIS functionalities. Also, it can give assistance to the planning of daily routines. With this work, it has been demonstrated that GIS can be taken to a new level where we have an increased participation and under the driving of requirements and technology, Location Based Service will have much more wide spread application area. It is important we leverage on the potentials of low-cost web-based GIS applications like this for more stakeholder participation and effective governance.

[Christopher Ndehedehe, Olusola Omogunloye, Onuwa Okwuashi. GIS-BASED GEODATABASE FOR MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS IN LOCATION BASED SERVICE: AN APPLICATION FOR LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):7-14]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 2

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.02

Keywords: Location Based Services, Personal Digital Assistants, Map Server, Geospatial Information Systems, Point of Interest

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A Case study of Convex Optimization with Nonlinear Programming

Sachin Kumar Agrawal¹, Navneet Rohela², Mayank Pawar³

^1,2Moradabad Institute of Technology, Moradabad

³Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad

Abstract: In this paper we can say that nonlinear programming the objective function and constraints are not linear and in convex programming the objective functions admissible set are convex. Convex optimization problems are far more general than linear programming problems, but they share the desirable properties of LP problems: They can be solved quickly and reliably up to very large size up to hundreds of thousands of variables and constraints.

[Sachin Kumar Agrawal, Navneet Rohela, Mayank Pawar.^. A Case study of Convex Optimization with Nonlinear Programming. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):15-16]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3.

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.03

Keywords: case study; Convex Optimization; Nonlinear

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The Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Social Capital

Dr.Bozorgmehr Ashrafi¹; Ahmad Cheraghmakani²

^1. Faculty of Industrial Engineering and Management Shahrood University of Technology, SHAHROOD, IRAN.

^2. M.B.A Student of Shahrood University of Technology, SHAHROOD, IRAN.

a­_cheraghmakani@yahoo.com

Abstract: The present paper tries to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership and dimensions of it with organizational social capital in Sari's hospitals. The statistical population includes all remedial employees of Sari's hospitals totally amounting 2000 people, 322 employees were selected as sample. Assessment tools include Bass& Avolio multi-variable leadership questionnaire (2000), and organizational social capital questionnaire. Validity of said questionnaires is 87% and 93%. Analysis was carried out by using the Pearson correlation coefficient, linear regressions by SPSS21 and SEM by LISREL9.1. Our assumptions were confirmed with the results. The relationship between transformational leadership and social capital is meaningful and positive. [Bozorgmehr Ashrafi, Ahmad Cheraghmakani. The Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Social Capital. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):17-24]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 4

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.04

Keywords: Transformational leadership, Organizational social capital, Relational dimension, Structural dimension, Cognitive dimension.

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Kinetic Studies Of Wastewater Treatment From Rubber Factory Using Snail Shell

^1⃰Jatto, Ejeomo Osazuwa. Asia, Imohimi.Ohioma. Egharevba, Felix. Odia, Ariaburie

Department of Chemistry, Ambrose Alli University, P.M.B 14, Ekpoma, Nigeria.

ejey2010@gmail.com

ABSTRACT: The kinetics studies of the treatment of wastewater from rubber industry, shows that the treatment fit the pseudo-second order kinetic model, as compared to the other two kinetic models (Pseudo-first order or Lagergrien kinetic and intraparticle diffusions model) studied, since the correlation coefficient (R²) values of most parameters were ≥ 0.99. Moreover, the food composition (Nitrogen free extract, protein, fibre, fat and ash content), the mineral compositions (Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) as well as the surface area and pH were analysed for the four species of snail shell ( Archatina archatia, Archtina marginata, Achatina fulica and limucularia species). In addition, the physicochemical properties (pH, temperature, alkalinity, turbidity, total solids, suspended solids, dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, electrical conductivity, and phosphate, Nitrate-Nitrogen, Sulphate, Pb, Cd and Hg) were analysed for wastewater from rubber industry. The data derived from the physicochemical properties were treated with three kinetic models (Pseudo-first order- Lagergrien, Psuedo-second order and intraparticle diffusion). From the kinetic models, the results show that for the wastewater from the rubber industry, the correlation coefficient (R²) of the pseudo-second order was approximately 1, indicating that the treatment fit the pseudo-second order kinetics.

[Jatto, Ejeomo.Osazuwa. Asia, Imohimi.Ohioma. Egharevba, Felix. Odia, Ariaburie. Kinetic Studies Of Wastewater Treatment From Rubber Factory Using Snail Shell. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):25-33]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 5.

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.05

KEYWORDS: Rubber, snail shell, kinetics, pseudo-second order.

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Investigating the Impact of Corporate Governance Components on Financing and Dividend Policies of Firms

Farshid Ghalebi¹, Siroos Korahi Moghadam², Ali Hossein Zadeh³

¹ Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khozestan, Iran.

^2. Department of Accounting, Islamic Azad University, Masjed Soleimam, Iran.

^3.Faculty Member of S Ahahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran.

Abstract: The Purpose of This Study is to Investigate the Impact of Characteristics of Corporate Governance on Financing and Dividends Policies. In Firms Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. to Measure the Characteristics of Corporate Governance, There Components of the Ratio of Non executive Directors, Shareholder Ownership Concentration, and Board of Directors` Size Have Been used, Also in This Study, the Index of Quantifying the Policies of Financial and Dividends Ratio, Respectively to Test Nine Hypotheses of the Study. Data on 115 Firms Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange Have Been Analyzed as a Sample By pooled Data Analysis for time period 1386_1389. In Order Estimate Appropriate Models of hypothesis Testing in Pooled (Panel) Data, Chaw and Houseman tests Were Used. RESUTS of the Study, on the Whole Indicate That Hypotheses One, two, and Six are Confirmed at %99 Confidence Level, and Also, hypotheses There, Seven, and Nine are Rejected. In Other Words, Non Executive Directors Ratio, Shareholder Ownership Concentration, and Board of Directors Size Had a Significant Relationship With Dividend Policy. The Ratio of Non Executive Directors and Shareholder Ownership Concentration Also Had a Significant Relationship With Financing Policy.

[Farshid Ghalebi, Siroos Korahi Moghadam, Ali Hossein Zadeh. Investigating the Impact of Corporate Governance Components on Financing and Dividend Policies of Firms. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):34-41]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 6

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.06

Keywords: Corporate Governance, Ownership Concentration, Non Executive Directors, Financing Policy, Dividend Policy.

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An analysis of the factors relating to the knowledge sharing of the faculty members of engineering and humanities faculties of university of Tehran

Saadi M ¹, Rostami S ²

1. M.A in Educational Management, University of Tehran, Iran.

 2. M.A in Educational Management, University of Tehran, Iran.

m.saadi65@gmail.com, rostami.sasan@gmail.com

Abstract: The aim of the present study is to explore the factors relating to the knowledge sharing of faculty members of engineering and humanities faculties of university of Tehran. The research uses survey methods and is descriptive in nature. The faculty members of the engineering and humanities faculties constitute the population of the study whose count was determined for each of the faculties and in general 100 faculty members were chosen from the engineering faculty and 99 faculty members were chosen from the humanities faculty. To gather the data, the researcher identified some factors based on the theoretical background (literature) and devised a questionnaire with 31 questions on personal, organizational and technological factors relating to knowledge sharing in university teachers. To analyze the gathered data descriptive statistics values such as frequency, percentage and average, and inferential statistics measures such as T-test are utilized. The results reveal that trust factor (4.08) and interpersonal relationships factor (5.53) from the personal factors, as well as compensation factor (2.83) from the organizational factors of knowledge sharing among faculty members of engineering faculty are higher than those values in humanities faculty, and culture factor (-4.76) and leadership factor (-2/20) from the organizational factors of the faculty members of faculty of humanities were more than those of the faculty members of the faculty of engineering. This study also shows that there is no significant difference in the structure factor (-0.835) from the organizational factors and information technology factor (0.934) among the faculty members of the two faculties.

[Saadi.M, Rostami S. An analysis of the factors relating to the knowledge sharing of the faculty members of engineering and humanities faculties of university of Tehran. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):42-48]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 7

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.07

Keywords: knowledge sharing – organizational factors – personal factors – information technology factors – faculty of engineering and humanities of university of Tehran.

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The Effect of Marine Probionts on the Growth of Fish and Shellfish Pathogens

Caroline Nchedo Ariole and Niabari Blessing Kanee

Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, Nigeria. cnariole@yahoo.com

Abstract: Four isolates of Pseudomonas spp. from brackish water were screened for antimicrobial activity against ten fish and shellfish pathogens (Vibrio sp., Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Aeromonas spp.) by agar well diffusion assay. Two isolates of Pseudomonas spp.(P2 and P3) were found active against all the bacterial strains. The challenging experiment showed that Pseudomonas P2 with 1.0 x 10⁶ cfu/ml was enough to suppress Salmonella SM1 within 12 hours. The isolated strains Pseudomonas P2 and Pseudomonas P3 could have potential against Salmonella SM1 under in vitro condition and might be useful as biological control agents in fish and shellfish culture.

[Ariole CN and Kanee NB. The Effect of Marine Probionts on the Growth of Fish and Shellfish Pathogens. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):49-52]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 8

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.08

Keywords: Bacterial growth; fish and shellfish pathogens; marine probiont; antimicrobial activity.

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Nutritional factors affecting α-amylase production by Aspergillus versicolor and Aspergillus terreus: Effect of nitrogen source of growth medium

Adekunle Odunayo Adejuwon⁺¹, Olusola Abiola Ladokun², Bukola Ayodeji Bamkefa³, Akeem Olagunju Agboola⁴, Joseph Omololu-Aso⁵, Mary Ajibola Adejuwon⁶

^{1, 2,3,4}Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Information Technology and Applied Sciences, Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria

⁵Department of Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

⁶Department of Adult Education, Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

adejuwon_ao@yahoo.com

Abstract: Aspergillus versicolor and Aspergillus terreus isolated from deteriorated rice using potato dextrose agar grew at 25^oC and expressed α-amylase activity in a growth medium with starch as nitrogen source and various nitrogen sources. The varied nitrogen sources were potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, tryptone, peptone, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulphate, glycine and urea. Ammonium sulphate was best inducer of α-amylase by Aspergillus versicolor whereas, glycine was best inducer by Aspergillus terreus.

[Adejuwon AO, Ladokun OA, Bamkefa BA, Agboola, AO, Omololu-Aso J, Adejuwon MA. Nutritional factors affecting α-amylase production by Aspergillus versicolor and Aspergillus terreus: Effect of nitrogen sources of growth. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):53-55]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 9

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.09

Keywords: Aspergillus versicolor; Aspergillus terreus; α-amylase assay.

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*Investigating Factors Faciliating Knowledge Management in Crisis Management Organization*

Ali Bagherifar

Department of Managment, Ahvaz Branch,Islamic Azad UniversityAhvaz, Iran

Abstract: Knowledge Management is Introduced as Approach Based on Which an Organization Identifies, Creates, Achieves, and Applies Knowledge, in Order to improve and Promote Productivity in the Organization. Nowadays, the Role and Significance of Knowledge Management is More and More Evident, and its Successful Implementation Can Have a Great Impact on Increasing Efficiency and Effectiveness of the Organization, Thus Identifying Factors Which Facilitate the Implementation of Knowledge Management and Also Applying These Factors Can be as a Map and Quide to Better Managing it. In This Study, the Factors Facilitating Knowledge Management in Iran`s Crisis Management Organization and its Subordinate Offices Have Been Identified and Ranked By using the Variables of Information Technology (IT), Strategy, Structure and Culture. For Data Analysis, Pearson`s Correlation Test, Freedman`s Correlation Test, and Factor Analysis are Used. Based on the Results_ From the Respondents` Point of View_ Among Factors Facilitating Knowledge Management, IT and Organizational Culture are Significant For Facilitating Knowledge Management and There is no Significance in Strategy and Structure Factors as Effective Factors in Facilitating Knowledge Management. Among Four Factors Studied, the Organizational Culture is the Most Important Affecting Knowledge Management, and the Strategy Factor Has the Least Effect on Facilitating Knowledge Management.

[Ali Bagherifar. Investigating Factors Faciliating Knowledge Management in Crisis Management Organization. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):56-61]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 10

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.10

Keywords: Facilitating Factors, IT (Information Technology), Knowledge Management, Organizational Structure, Organizational Culture.

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Adoption of RTEP Production Technology Among Cassava-based Farming Households In Southwest Nigeria.

Adekemi A. Obisesan¹, Bola T. Omonona², Suleiman A. Yusuf ³, Omobowale A. Oni⁴

Department of Agricultural- Economics, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. kemi_triumph@yahoo.com

Abstract: One of the fundamental ways of improving agricultural productivity is through introduction and use of improved agricultural technologies. Root and Tuber Expansion Programme (RTEP) was one of the agricultural programmes in Nigeria. This study examined the adoption of RTEP production technology among cassava-based farming households in Southwest, Nigeria. The study utilized primary data collected using structured questionnaire. Multistage sampling technique was employed in the selection of 180 cassava farming households in four RTEP participating local government areas in the zone. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as: frequency, mean, percentages, standard deviation and tables. The adoption level of RTEP improved cassava production technology by the RTEP farmers was 76% and adoption level of the technology differs by socio-economic characteristics. Level of adoption differs by educational level, participation in off-farm activities and credit accessibility among other factors. Therefore, effective extension services should be put in place to give some level of training to farmers. Policy measures should be oriented towards the support and improvement of rural off-farm income opportunities and improving credit access should be considered as a core component of any development intervention such as RTEP.

[Obisesan AA, Omonona BT, Yusuf SA, Oni OA. Adoption of RTEP Production Technology Among Cassava-based Farming Households In Southwest Nigeria. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):62-65]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork 11

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.11

Keywords: Technology Adoption; RTEP; Cassava; Nigeria.

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Eeffect of Bifidobacterium longum and Allyl isothiocynate on survival of Salmonella typhimurium in Fermented Sausage

Asmaa, M. Sh. Fayed; Ghada, S.E. Salem and Salwa, R. S. Hegazy

Food Hygiene Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza – Egypt

Ghada_m999@yahoo.com

Abstract: Two batch of fermented sausage were made: one for organoleptic examination and second one for Bacteriological examination, each batch were divided into four groups. Sausage batters were inoculated with two commercial starter culture organisms (7 log CFU/ g Lactobacillus acidophilus and Sacromyces cerevisiae). Allyl isothiocynate (AITC) was added to the two batters at 500 ppm. B.longum (10⁷ log/g) was added in together with AITC or separately. S. typhimurium was added to the second batch to yield 6.3 log cfu/g. Sausages were fermented at 22°C for 5 days, subsequently sausages were dried at 18 °C for 7 days then stored at -4 °C. S. typhimurium count was monitored during fermentation, drying and storage. Count were reduced to undetectable level after 12 days of processing in sausages contain AITC and B. longum, while not detected in sausage contain AITC alone after 19 days of processing. Sausages contain B. longum alone and samples without additives Salmonella count reduced to undetectable level after 47 days from processing. Sensory evaluation of sausage showed that samples contain 500 ppm of AITC was considered the most acceptable one, although slightly spicy by panelists.

[Asmaa, M. Sh. Fayed; Ghada, S.E. Salem and Salwa, R. S. Hegazy. Eeffect of Bifidobacterium longum and Allyl isothiocynate on survival of Salmonella typhimurium in Fermented Sausage. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):66-70]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 12

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.12

Keywords:… Bifidobacterium longum, Allyl isothiocynate, Salmonella typhimurium, Fermented Sausage.

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Accounting of Intangible Assets An Empirical Study on the Saudi environment

Dr Mohamed Almoutaz Almojtaba Ibrahim 1, Dr Mohamednour Eltahir Ahmed 2

^1. Department of Accounting and Auditing University, Taif - Saudi Arabia University, Nileen –Sudan

^2. Department of Marketing University, Taif - Saudi Arabia University, Omdurman Islamic –Sudan

almoutazanab@yahoo.com

Abstract: This research aims to investigate the application of Saudi shareholders companies to the IAS (38) and Saudi accounting standard no (3) in respect of intangible assets, especially for companies that trade in stocks market in Saudi Arabia and accounting action of such assets including an analytical study of measurements and view intangibles in contemporary accounting thought. Moreover, the study explores the position of SMEs in dealing with accounting for intangible assets by conducting a field study for the Saudi shareholders companies. To do the field study, the researcher selected a random sample of the groups that deals with the analysis and studies the statements and financial reports of Saudi shareholding companies for investment and credit. Data were collected for study through survey, and then analyze this data using statistical methods to test the hypotheses. The results of the field study showed that Saudi shareholding companies applied international accounting standard no. (38) and Saudi accounting standard no (3) in respect of intangible assets on a measurement and recognition and presentation in statements and financial reports with very weak (little applied). Results of the field study and the application of these standards (IAS No. (38) and Saudi no (3)) by shareholders of Saudi company that these companies applied these standards in terms of intangible assets in relation to its measurement, recognition and presentation in statements and financial reports with very low degree (little application). That is due to fear of measurement objectivity and its presentation to these assets.

[Mohamed Almoutaz Almojtaba Ibrahim, Mohamednour Eltahir Ahmed. Accounting of Intangible Assets An Empirical Study on the Saudi environment. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):71-82]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 13

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.13

Keywords the IAS (38); Saudi accounting standard no (3); Intangible Assets; Saudi environment.

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Comparative Curative and Preventive Ovicidal Effectiveness of Certain Selected Igrs and Insecticides Against The Cotton Leafworm and Sweetpotato White Fly

Zidan, Lobna. T.M¹, M.H. Rashwan² and M.A.A Abd-El-Razik²

Central Agric. Pest. Lab. Agric. Res. Centre, Dokki-Giza, Egypt.

Pesticides Dep., Fac. Agriculture Minufiya University, Shebin El-Kom. Egypt.

Dr.lobna_zidan94@yahoo.com

Abstract: Six insect growth inhibitors (IGIs) and regulators (IGRs) were tested in the laboratory for their curative and preventive ovicidal properties on the cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) and sweet potato white fly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.).Both emamectin Benzoate and chlorpyrifos exhibited remarkably high curative ovicidal effectiveness against S.littoralis 24 hrs old eggs whereas each of the IGIs lufenuron and chlorfluazuron recorded moderate curative ovicidal activity. Likeswise, each of emamectin benzoate, Lufenuron and profenfos acts as excellent preventive ovicidal products with an LC₅₀ of 0.23, 1.47 and 1.6 ppm, respectively.As for whitefly, emamectin benzoate, lufenuron and chlorfluazuron act as effectively curative direct ovicides with LC₅₀ values of 0.78, 6.35 and 15.89 ppm compared ovicidal effect with LC₅₀ 24.02, 7.93 and 15.69 ppm for the same compounds, respectively. On the other hand each of emamectin benzoate, lufenuran and chlorfluazuron exhibited distinguished high preventive effect on reducing fecundity of both pests indirectly, recording and EC50 values of 0.1, 1.06 and 1.33 ppm for, S.littoralis compared with 0.59, 11.55 and 28.84ppm against B. tabaci for the same IGRs, respectively. In general profenfos exhibited the least curative and preventive ovicidal effect against both pests. However only four of the tested compounds Possessed the highest translaminar activity, recording 83.06, 82.67, 81.77 and 74.88% for emamectin benzoate, profenfos, chlorpyrifos and buprofezin, respectively.

[Zidan, Lobna. T.M, M.H. Rashwan and M.A.A Abd-El-Razik. Comparative Curative and Preventive Ovicidal Effectiveness of Certain Selected Igrs and Insecticides Against The Cotton Leafworm and Sweetpotato White Fly. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):83-91]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 14

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.14

Keywords: ovicidal, IGRs,IGIs, chlorpyrifos, profenfos, cotton, leafworm, spodoptera littoralis, whitefly, B. tabaci..

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Microbiological Quality Of Street-Vended-Ready-To-Eat “Bole” Fish In Port Harcourt Metropoplis

N.N. Odu, and N.B. Ameweiye

Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Choba, East-West Road, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

ngozi.odu@uniport.edu.ng

ABSRACT: Fish, a staple food is readily contaminated with microorganisms. This study was carried out to analyze the possible microorganism that are of public health concern in connection with roasted fish. A total of 18 samples were obtained from Ozuoba, Rumuokoro and Ada-George in Port Harcourt and plated on different media. The samples were analysed using the spread plate and MPN techniques. The percentage occurrences of the bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (35.7%), E. coli (17.9%), Klebsiella sp (21.4%), and Bacillus sp (25.0%) while fungal isolates were Neurospora sp (16.7%), Aspergillus flavus (25.0%), Aspergillus niger (41.7%) and Penicillium sp (16.7%). The total viable counts of the street-vended ready-to-eat bole fishes ranged from 2.8x10³ to 6.3x10⁵ cfu/g. Ready-to-eat bole fishes sold in the streets of Port Harcourt had the highest number of total coliforms (1560 MPN/g) with an average of 1100 MPN/g at the second sampling of the vending day. Aseptically homemade preparation of the roasted fish showed low microbial load. The study showed that the locations of roasted fish; handling and the personal hygiene of the vendors affect the microbial load of the roasted fish. Therefore, this study has shown that despite the heating of the fish, microorganism was still observed. However, based on the acceptable level of the microbiological guideline/standards, the total viable count, Staphylococcus count, and total coliform counts were exceeded in all samples collected at intervals of marketing times. Good personal hygiene was recommended.

[N.N. Odu, and N.B. Ameweiye. Microbiological Quality Of Street-Vended-Ready-To-Eat “Bole” Fish In Port Harcourt Metropoplis. N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):92-101]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 15

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.15

Keywords: Fish, microbial quality, street-vended, ready-to-eat bole.

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Complexes Of 4-Cyanobenzaldehydeisonicotinic Acid Hydrazone With Some Transition M(Ii) Sulphates. (M= Cu, Co, Ni)

Nwabueze J.N and *Salami H.A

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria

*Corresponding author: E mail: ahmedsalamus@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: New complexes of 4-Cyanobenzaldehydeisonicotinic acid hydrazone (4-CBINH) with M(II) Sulphates (M= Cu, Co, Ni) have been synthesized and characterized. The complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, conductance, infrared and electronic spectral studies. The ligand and complexes were screened for antimicrobial activity. The electronic data indicate an octahedral coordination for the Ni²⁺ and Co²⁺ complexes while the Cu²⁺ complexes assumed a square planer geometry. The spectral data are diagnostic of a bidentate coordination via the carbonyl oxygen and the azomethine nitrogen while the sulphate ions are in the outer coordination sphere.

[Nwabueze J.N and Salami H.A. Complexes Of 4-Cyanobenzaldehydeisonicotinic Acid Hydrazone With Some Transition M(Ii) Sulphates. (M= Cu, Co, Ni). N Y Sci J 2013;6(2):102-104]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 16

doi:10.7537/marsnys060213.16

Key Words: Cyanobenzaldehydeisonicotinic acid, hydrazone, Sulphates.

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