|
New York Science Journal
Volume 5 -
Number 11 (Cumulated No. 45); November 25, 2012,
ISSN 1554-0200, Monthly
Cover (online),
Cover (print), Introduction,
Contents, Call for
Papers,
ny0511
You can use the message in end of the article abstract to
cite it.
To get Microsoft Documents: After
you open the "Full Text" for each article, change the last 3
characters of the web address from .pdf to .doc (or .docx)
When you submit manuscript(s), please mention that it is
submitted to New York Science Journal
Marsland Press,
PO Box 180432, Richmond Hill, New York 11418, USA,
347-321-7172
CONTENTS
|
No.
|
Titles / Authors
|
Full Text
|
No.
|
|
1
|
Study Of Protein Quality Of Some
Fresh And Smoke-Dried Hill Stream Fishes From Manipur, India
Abdul Hei1 and Ch.
Sarojnalini2
1Lilong
Haoreibi College, Ushoipokpi, Lilong-795138, Manipur, India
2Department
of Life Sciences, Manipur University, Canchipur,
Imphal-795003, India. E-mail: ahei541@gmail.com,
sarojnalini_ch@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Protein quality of some hill stream fishes was studied by
in-vivo experiments of feeding Albino rats for 28 days. Growth
rate, apparent digestibility (AD), true digestibility (TD),
protein efficiency ratio (PER), food conversion ratio (FCR), and
biological value (BV) of the fish species Neolissocilus
stracheyi, Labeo pangusia, Semiplotus manipurensis, Schizothorax
sp. and Ompok sp. were determined. True
digestibility (TD) values varied from 82.04±0.04 to 96.41±0.20%,
biological value (BV) 96.10±0.25 to 97.72±0.01, PER 2.31±0.03 to
2.77±0.85 FCR 3.61±0.9 to 4.33±0.08 in the fresh fishes, while
the TD value, PER, FCR, and BV were from 78.81±1.04 to
95.37±0.43%, 2.25±0.09 to 2.76±0.08, 3.75±0.29 to 4.39±0.04,
96.10±0.25 to 97.83±0.18 respectively in the smoke-dried fishes.
All the fishes have high biological value compared with casein.
There were not big differences between the fresh and smoke-dried
samples as effect of processing. All the studied fish species
were comparably good with lower value of Ompok sp. in
comparison with casein.
[Abdul Hei and Ch.
Sarojnalini. Study Of Protein Quality Of Some Fresh
And Smoke-Dried Hill Stream Fishes From Manipur, India. N
Y Sci J 2012;5(11):1-6]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 1
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.01
Key words:
In-vivo protein digestibility tests; true digestibility; protein
efficiency ratio; biological value; hill stream fishes. |
Full Text
|
1
|
|
2
|
Internet in Supply Chain
Management: A Review about Indian Companies
Dr. Venkatesh. J1
; Aarthy. C2;
Thenmozhi. S3; Dr.Balasubramanie. P1
1 School of
Management Studies, Anna University Chennai, Coimbatore Regional
Office, Coimbatore,
India
2
Scholar in Computer applications,
Kongu Engineering College,
Erode, India
3 Department of Computer Science and Engineering,
Kongu Engineering College, Erode, India.
venkijv@gmail.com;
mailtoaarthy@gmail.com
Abstract:
The dawn of the Internet and
e-commerce has empowered companies to be more approachable to
their customers. Though, the uses of the same technical
innovations in business-to-business supply chain management are
altering the marketplace itself. Effective supply chain
management entails a change from handling discrete functions to
assimilating events into the significant supply chain process.
The benefits are far more than the efforts involved in accessing
the final product, a unified chain that controls gracefully and
aids the perfect value chain by brief up communication between
customers and their suppliers, refining service quality, and
decreasing costs. In this article, the author confers how the
Internet is being used in the supervision of various areas of
supply chain by Indian companies.
[Venkatesh. J
; Aarthy. C;
Thenmozhi. S; Balasubramanie. P.
Internet in Supply Chain Management: A Review about Indian
Companie.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):7-10].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
2
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.02
Keywords:
internet, supply chain, vendor order, transportation, order
processing |
Full Text
|
2
|
|
3
|
Studies on Chronic Diarrhoea
Associated with Acute Traumatic Reticuloperitionitis in Cows and
Buffaloes
Abd El Khalek El Sheikh, Hatem
Selim and Abd El Monem Ahmed
Department of Animal
Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University
onetwovet@yahoo.com
Abstract:
This study was done on 33
cases: from them 10 cows and 10 buffaloes were used as a
control, 7 cows and 6 buffaloes were suffering from acute
diffuse traumatic reticuloperitonitis including :anorexia, sharp
decreased in milk yield, systemic reaction (rise of body
temperature, tachycardia and tachypnoea), recurrent tympany and
abdominal pain as well as chronic diarrhoea. Hematological changes: The blood of diseased
animals showed significant decrease in the total erythrocytic
count, Hb concentration and lymphopenia and significant increase
in the total leukocytic count, neutrophilia and packed cell
volume, while there was significant decrease in the total
leukocytic count in one cow and one buffalo only from the
diseased animals. Serum analysis showed
Hypoproteinemia,
hypoalbuminemia, hyponatermia, hypokalemia and
hypochloremia and significant increase in the globulin level,
haptoglobin and hyperfibrinogenemia. Ultrasonographic
findings: The normal reticulum appears as a half-moon-shaped
with smooth contour and contracts three biphasic contractions
per three minutes. In the diseased animals a thick and
corrugated reticular wall, echogenic fibrin threads and
anechogenic to hypoechogenic fluid were seen on the reticular
serosa with reduction in the reticular biphasic contraction. It
is concluded that the chronic diarrhea that associated with
acute diffuse traumatic reticulo-peritonitis in cows and
buffaloes has a dangerous effect on general health condition as
well as hematological, serological and ultrasonographic changes.
[Abd
El Khalek El Sheikh, Hatem Selim, Abd El Monem Ahmed.
Studies on Chronic
Diarrhoea Associated with Acute Traumatic Reticuloperitionitis
in Cows and Buffaloes.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):11-14].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 3
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.03
Keywords:
Chronic Diarrhoea; Acute
Traumatic Reticuloperitionitis; Cow; Buffalo |
Full Text
|
3
|
|
4
|
Peer observation of Teaching
(POT) for Quality Assurance in EFL Context
Dr. Siddig Ahmed Ali
Department of English Language,
College of Science and Education, Khurma, Taif University,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
sidigahmed45@hotmail.com
Abstract:
This paper aims to examine the
attitudes towards peer observation of teaching and the need to
establish a POT at Taif University. The prime impetus for this
study is to raise teaching quality in EFL context at tertiary
level at higher institutions. moreover, it intends to change the
preconceived perception towards observation. It will discuss
the objectives and benefits of peer observation, teaching
quality, give guidelines on how to set up an observation
program, and alignment of the method of teaching with other
teaching on the module and with assessment. To achieve these
objectives, a survey is conducted with group of English language lecturers at the branches of the university. The study revealed
that though the majority rebuffs the idea of being observed by
peers because observation is often connected with judgment,
evaluation and assessment. However, they like to apply it for
professional improvement and teaching quality assurance. It also
showed that watching a person teaching and managing classroom is
often perplexing, embarrassing and controversial for many
lecturers at university. As far as the teaching quality is
concern, observation is required to share knowledge and
information, method and strategies and techniques and classroom
management. The outcome is that the students receive powerful
learning while lectures receive powerful professional
development for both the observed and the observers. Finally,
the study suggests some possible aspects of teaching and
learning plans, which can provide a focus for POT activities for
Quality Assurance in EFL Context.
[Siddig
Ahmed Ali.
Peer observation of Teaching (POT) for Quality Assurance in
EFL Context.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):15-22].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
4
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.04
Keywords:
Observation, Peer, Teaching
Quality, Assessment, observer, observed, Summative, Formative.
|
Full Text
|
4
|
|
5
|
The Effects of Time Budget Pressure on the Behavior of Internal
Auditors
Behzad Teimouri1, Zahra Rahmati2, Bahman
Gholami3
1 Maskan Bank
Branches Mangement of Ilam, Darehshar Baranch, Employed in
Maskan bank
2.
Department of Accounting, Abdanan Branch,
Islamic Azad University, Abdanan, Iran
3.
Department of Management Payame Noor University. IR. of IRAN
Abstract: Every auditing instiute has to regulate and schedule timed
budget of auditing operation as one of its current plans.
Preparing an unreasonable and unsuitable time budget will lead
to failure in achieving the defined goal in the predefined time;
and these will give rise to unprofessional behaviors of the
auditors. In such a case, the auditors' deviation from the
predefined time table will look natural and this can lead to
decrease in the quality of auditing. Among the most important
unprofessional behaviors one can point to underreporting the
real audit time and audit signoff without informing the superior
manager. The results of this research show that internal
auditors commit unprofessional behaviors against the pressures
of time budgeting. Additionally, the pressures of time budgeting
cause unsuitable work pressure on internal auditors.
[Behzad
Teimouri, Zahra Rahmati, Bahman Gholami.
The Effects of Time Budget Pressure on the Behavior of Internal
Auditors.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):23-29].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
5
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.05
Keywords:
Time Budget, Time Budget Pressure, Unprofessional Behaviors,
Unsuitable Work Pressure, Underreporting Real Work Time |
Full Text
|
5
|
|
6
|
Investigating the relationship between finance index and
effective factors on determining the capital structure of
accepted companies in Tehran stock exchange.
Alireza Zaman Pour
Department
of Accounting, Masjed Soleyman Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Masjed Soleyman, Iran.
EALIREZA_ZAMANPOUR11yahoo.com
Abstrac:
In the present study , the main issue is the finance index and
effective factors on determining capital index in Tehran stock
exchange .The sample study includes 162 companies in the time
period from 2005-2006. The results of this study show that
finance indexes are affected by effective factors on capital
structure of accepted companies in Tehran stock exchange and
basically dependent on free cash flow ,fixed assets of company
,profitability and investment opportunities variables .
Although the findings of this study does not envy the prediction
of finance options hierarchy theory and .information asymmetry
hypothesis, is seems that companies at Tehran stock exchange
practically pass finance options to provide their required
financial resources.
[Alireza Zaman Pour.
Investigating the relationship between finance index and
effective factors on determining the capital structure of
accepted companies in Tehran stock exchange.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):30-35].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
6
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.06
Key words:
finance index, effective factors on capital structure, finance
index options hierarchy theory, fixed balance theory |
Full Text
|
6
|
|
7
|
Cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius Fr. Singer on
fermented and non fermented sawdust
*JonathanSG1,Adegboyega
AA1 and Oyelakin AO2
1Mycology
and Biotechnology Unit, Department of Botany, University of
Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. 3College of Agriculture, Igbo-Ora.Nigeria: sg.jonathan@mail.ui.edu.ng
Abstract: Composting were
carried out (under natural environmental condition) on wood
wastes of five economically important Nigerian trees (Mansonia
altissima, Nauclea diderrichii, Gmelina arborea, Funtumia
africana and Anogeissus leiocarpus) . Both composted
and non composted wood wastes (control) were used to propagate
mycelia biomass and sporophores of Pleurotus pulmonarius
that have been tissue cultured .The pH of these
plank wastes (Nauclea
diderrichii
)significantly dropped from 6.3 to 4.0 after 90 days of fermentation(P≤ 0.05).Likewise, that of
Anogeissus leiocarpus also dropped from
6.2 to 4.2. It was rather observed that the amino nitrogen
content (ANC) generally increased in all the sawdust. For,
Gmelina arborea, the value of ANC increased from 2.24 to
4.20 mg/100g from 0 and 90 days. Besides, lignin content of the
composted wastes decreased considerably at end of the solid
state fermentation. The greatest lignin reduction for the
fermented and non-fermented wood wastes were observed in
Gmelina arborea followed in order by Funtumia africana,
Anogeissus leiocarpus and Mansonia altissima. The
best substrate for fruitbody production (29.5 g kg-1) was the composted sawdust of Funtumia africana while non
composted wastes of this wood gave fruit body yield of 8.3 g kg-1.
The second best woodwaste was Nauclea diderrichii with
values of 3.5 and 22.65g kg -1 for the non fermented
and fermented saw dusts. The significance of these
observations was discussed.
[JonathanSG,
Adegboyega AA and Oyelakin AO.
Cultivation of Pleurotus pulmonarius Fr. Singer
on fermented and non fermented sawdust.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):36-40].(ISSN:1554-0200).http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 7
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.07
Key words:
Fermentation, fruitbodies, Pleurotus pulmonarius, sawdust |
Full Text
|
7
|
|
8
|
Distribution and Current Conservation Status of Some Important
Threatened Medicinal Plants of Ducksum- kokernag (Kashmir
Himalayas)
Bilal Ahmad Baig1,
Tariq Ahmad Bhat2 and D. Ramamoorthy3
1: Corresponding author, Research
scholar, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences,
Pondicherry
University, India.
bilalahmadbaig@gmail.com
2: Lecturer, Department of
Education, Government of Jammu and Kashmir, India.
bhattariq110@gmail.com
3: Supervisor, Associate
Professor, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences,
Pondicherry University, India.
d.ramamoorthy01@gmail.com
Abstract:It is
imperative to understand the distribution and conservation
status of medicinal plants in their natural habitats, owing to
their increased demand and value. We studied the distribution
pattern and current conservation status of six threatened
medicinal plants in Ducksum Kokernag, Kashmir Himalayas, by
random quadrate sampling (n=335) in different habitat types. The
different uses of medicinal plants were obtained by informal
interviews and group discussions with family elders. Recent
re-emergence of herbal medicine applicability along with the
ever escalating threats to biodiversity and the intensifying
biopyracy controversions have necessitated for an urgent
documentation of the traditional use of bioresources. This
survey, in addition to the precious ethno medicinal information,
recorded the important natural history details .Our results
indicate that Podophyllum hexandrum Royle is most common
and has the highest density followed by Picrorhiza kurroa
Royle ex Benth and Arnebia benthamii (Wall ex Benth) I.M.
Johnston .It is pertinent to mention that Arnebia benthamii
is found in very less density and frequency in other surveyed
sites of Kashmir Himalayas. While Mecanopsis aculeata
Royle and Inula racemosa Hook f. are least frequent. Flat
tableland (FL) situated above the tree line and moist rocky
slopes (MR) were the most preferred habitats followed by flat
meadow (FM). While the shady slopes (SSs), open gentle slope
(OS) and moist meadow (MM) were least preferred. Our findings
can help to formulate a conservation strategy for the unknown
grass lands and the threatened vital medicinal plants of
Ducksum. While the low and localized distribution of all studied
species deserves effective conservation strategies, the scope of
such measures should be explored in a way to address the
reliance of local communities on these plants.
[Bilal
Ahmad Baig, Tariq Ahmad Bhat
and D. Ramamoorthy.
Distribution and Current Conservation Status of Some Important
Threatened Medicinal Plants of Ducksum- kokernag (Kashmir
Himalayas).
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):41-48].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
8
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.08
Keywords:
Medicinal plants; Ducksum Kokernag; Kashmir Himalayas;
bioresources; ethno-medicine; conservation strategy |
Full Text
|
8
|
|
9
|
Mathematical Model for
Predicting the Average Hardness of Heat Affected Zone of AISI
1013 Low Carbon Steel Weldment in Selected Quenching Media
Olumuyiwa V.
Oyatokun, John O. Oji
Prototype Engineering Development
Institute Ilesa, Osun State. Nigeria
(National Agency for Science and
Engineering Infrastructure, Abuja, Nigeria)
muyiallforone@yahoo.com
Abstract:
A model for
predicting the average hardness of
heat affected zone of AISI 1013
low carbon steel weldment in three selected quenching media
namely saline solution (brine), pure water and air is presented
in this paper. Chemical composition of the selected grade of
steel was carried out and experimental model set up in the
workshop. Welding operations under specified conditions and
model formulation was carried out, and a generalized
mathematical model derived.
The models were
finally validated. The results show that the generalized model
 can effectively predict the average hardness of heat affected
zones (HAZ) of AISI 1013
low carbon steel weldment cooled a selected solution, given the
average hardness values of the two other
AISI 1013
low carbon steel weldment quenched in different media.
Mathematical computations of the derived generalized model,
given hardness values of heat affected zones of two low carbon
steel weldment quenched in separate medium gives the average
hardness value of the third with highly insignificant deviations
from the experimental results. Upon validation the derived
generalized mathematical model gave rise to correction factors
of not greater the 5% indicating the reliability and validity of
the model.
[Olumuyiwa
V. Oyatokun, John O. Oji.
Mathematical Model for Predicting the Average Hardness of
Heat Affected Zone of AISI 1013 Low Carbon Steel Weldment in
Selected Quenching Media.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):49-53].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
9
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.09
Keywords:
Generalized Model;
average hardness;
heat affected zone;
weldment, quenching
media; correction factor; deviation; low carbon steel. |
Full Text
|
9
|
|
10
|
A COMPARATIVE STUDY
OF THREE MODELS FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF WET AND DRY SPELLS IN
THE MAHANADI DELTA
M.K. Sukla
Department of Statistics, S.V. College,
University of Delhi, New Delhi 110021.
E-mail:
suklamk@gmail.com
A.K. Mangaraj
Department of Statistics, Rajendra Junior College, Bolangir
767002.
E-mail:
akmangaraj@gmail.com
L.N. Sahoo
Department of Statistics, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004.
E-mail:
lnsahoostatuu@rediffmail.com
K.M. Sethy
Department of Geography,
Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004.
E-mail:
kabirmohan2006@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT:
This paper makes a comparative study of three models namely,
Markov Chain, Truncated Negative Binomial and Eggemberger-Polya
probability models in order to identify the most appropriate one
to represent the distribution of wet and dry spells during rainy
season for the Mahanadi Delta region of Odisha. In judging the
performance of a model, the minimum value of the Akaike’s
Information Criterion, and Chi-Squared and Kolmogorov-Sminov
goodness of fit tests are used.
[M.K.
Sukla,
A.K. Mangaraj,
L.N. Sahoo,
K.M. Sethy.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THREE MODELS FOR THE DISTRIBUTION OF WET
AND DRY SPELLS IN THE MAHANADI DELTA.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):54-61]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
10
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.10
Key Words: Chi-Squared test, dry spell, Eggemberger-Polya model, goodness
of fit, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Markov Chain model, truncated
negative binomial model, wet spell |
Full Text
|
10
|
|
11
|
Analysis of the
Determinants of Savings among Gum Arabic Collectors in Selected
Local Government Areas of Adamawa State, Nigeria
Dengle Yuniyus Giroh1
, Timothy Ngbalang Gal2 and Clement Jebsen Minampah3
1. Rubber Research Institute
of Nigeria, P.M.B1049, Benin City, Nigeria
2. Department of Agricultural
Engineering, Adamawa State Polytechnic, P.M.B 2146, Yola,
Nigeria
3. Department of Basic
Sciences, Adamawa State College of Agriculture, P.M. B 2088,
Ganye, Nigeria
girohdengleyuniyus@yahoo.com
Abstract:
The study analyzed the
determinants of savings among gum arabic collectors in selected
local Government Areas of Adamawa State, Nigeria through a
questionnaire survey administered on a sample of 100 gum arabic
collectors obtained through a multi stage sampling technique.
Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and production
function analysis). Results of the analysis revealed that total
income, consumption and saving derivable from gum collection
were N2, 137,139.20, N739, 141.76 and N1,
397,997.44, respectively while the average propensity to consume
and save was 0.4625 and 0.5375.
The estimated regression analysis showed that about 60.33
percent of variability of farmers’ saving is attributed to the
specified explanatory variables in the model. Education,
experience and membership of saving association had significant
and positive effect on the saving behaviours of gum Arabic
collectors while household size showed a significant and inverse
relationship (p>0.1) with savings.
[Dengle Yuniyus Giroh, Timothy
Ngbalang Gal, Clement Jebsen Minampah.
Analysis of the Determinants of Savings among Gum Arabic
Collectors in Selected Local Government Areas of Adamawa State,
Nigeria.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):62-67]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 11
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.11
Keywords:
Savings, consumption, propensity, gum collection, production
function |
Full Text
|
11
|
|
12
|
Incidence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Listeria
monocytogenes isolates from milk of West African Dwarf and
Red Sokoto breeds of goat from Southwestern Nigeria
Victoria
Olusola Adetunji and Opeyemi Oyinda Olaoye
Veterinary Public Health Unit, Department of Veterinary, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan,
Ibadan Oyo State, Nigeria
vadetunji@gmail.com; vo.adetunji@mail.ui.edu.ng; +234-7040979193
Abstract:
Listeriosis is an emerging zoonosis requiring continuous
surveillance in order to prevent outbreaks in humans. The
incidence of Listeria monocytogenes was evaluated from
milk samples obtained from mastitic West African dwarf and Red
sokoto breed of goats. A total of sixty samples was evaluated.
An incidence rate of 12 (20%) was observed for Listeria
monocytogenes. Antibiotic sensitivity of the 12 isolates
against eight different antibiotics using the Disc Diffusion
Method showed that the isolates were most susceptible to
Gentamycin with the exception of strains 14B and 53A which were
resistant to all the antibiotics used, the human strains used as
control were only susceptible to Gentamycin and share a strong
positive correlation at P<0.01 with strains 41A and 43A, however
complete resistance to all the isolates was observed with
Augmentin and Cloxacillin. The effectiveness of the antibiotics
was in this order; Gentamycin > Chloramphenicol > Erythromycin >
Streptomycin > Tetracycline > Cotrimoxazole > Augmentin
>Cloxacillin. Hence, a continued surveillance of emerging
antimicrobial resistance of this pathogen is very important,
considering the fact that the samples evaluated were obtained
from goat milk which presents several public health implications
on humans.
[Adetunji, VO and Olaoye, OO.
Incidence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Listeria
monocytogenes isolates from milk of West African Dwarf and
Red Sokoto breeds of goat from Southwestern Nigeria.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):68-73].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
12
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.12
Key words:
Incidence, Antibiotics, Sensitivity Profile, Listeria
Monocytogenes, Goats |
Full Text
|
12
|
|
13
|
Field studies on the removal of lead, cadmium and copper by the
use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria from the water for
culturing marine tilapia
T. spilurus
Amnah A.H. Rayes
Faculty of Applied Sciences. Umm Al- Qura University Makkah
Saudi Arabia
Amnaa_rayes_50@yahoo.com
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of probiotic
lactic acid bacteria in removal lead, cadmium and copper from
cultured water in fish farming system for
marine tilapia T. spilurus,
in addition studying the effect of heavy metals lead and cadmium
and copper on genotoxcity of tilapia fish as bioindicator for
heavy metal toxicity.A
total number of 36 water samples from three localities of
cultured fish farm; inlet of water, hatcheries (cement ponds)
and rearing ponds (earthen ponds), The probiotic lactic
acid bacteria (LAB) strains
used in this study;
Lactobacillus rhamnosus
GG,
Lactobacillus fermentum
ME3,
Lactobacillus bulgaricus (Commercial strain) and
Lactobacillus acidophilus X 37 were used to remove lead,
cadmium and copper from water of fish culture each sp. examined
alone;
the highest total concentration of removal was by
L.acidophilus
X37 (97.6) followed by
L. rhamnosus GG (74.8), then L. fermentum ME3
(71.16) while the lowest concentration of removal was by
L. bulgaricus
(61.00).
It was
found that the optimal pH for
L. fermentum
ME3
was
6.0 for
L. rhamnosus GG
was
6, for
L. bulgaricus
was
5.0 and for
L. acidophilus X37 was 6.0 While the impact of water
temperature was clear that the percentage of removal of heavy
metals depend on temperature where, all strains showing highest
activity at temperature between 25 oC and 37oC
then the activity was declined at 43oC.
There was
significant increase in micronucleus (MN) frequencies in
erythrocytes of tilapia sp. exposed to heavy metals in the fish
farm in comparison to control.
[Amnah
A.H. Rayes.
Field studies on the removal of lead, cadmium and copper by the
use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria from the water for
culturing marine tilapia
T. spilurus.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):74-82].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
13
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.13
Key words:
probiotic; lactic acid bacteria;
marine tilapia (T. spirulus);
Heavy metals;
pH;
temperature.;
micronucleus |
Full Text
|
13
|
|
14
|
Climatic
Changes and Their Impact on the Behaviour of Some Maize
Varieties in Egypt
Samia, M.,
El-Marsafawy1; M. K. Hassanein2; H.
El-Ramady3 and Namait Allah, Y. Mokhtar1.
1Soil,
Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Agricultural
Research Center (ARC).
2Central
Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC), ARC.
3Faculty
of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh University.
samiaelmarsafawy797@hotmail.com
Abstract:
This study employed the DSSAT and CropWat simulation models to
measure the adverse impacts of climate change on some maize
varieties in Egypt. Field experiments were done at different
agroclimatological zones in 2009 and 2010 seasons to calibrate
and validate the model. Changing planting dates, excess or
deficit irrigation water amounts, changing interval days between
irrigation and skipping irrigation at different growth stages
were studied under future climatic changes. Simulations were
carried out on data covering 25 - 30 years under the normal
weather conditions and climate change conditions. Results of
maize simulation studies indicated that climate change could
decrease national production of maize crop ranging between 40 to
44 % at Gemmiza area, 12 to 27 % at Sids area and 43 to 47 % at
Mallawy area. The highest sensitive variety was found for V6
(-47 %) under Mallawy conditions which declining productivity
from 12780 kg/ ha (under current conditions) to 6820 kg/ ha
(under future climatic changes). However, the highest tolerant
variety was obtained for V3 (-12 %) under Sids
conditions which dropped from 7340 kg/ ha to 6451 kg/ ha.
Results indicated also that increasing temperature 1.5°C
increased maize water consumption around 3.5 %, and 8.5 % with a
3.5°C increase. Regarding adaptation strategies, results showed
that select appropriate variety with optimum sowing date for the
region can achieve maximum benefit from this variety. In this
connection, the suitable varieties which can be used under
future climate are V6 at Gemmiza area with sowing
date of 20th May, V4 at Sids area with
sowing date of 10th May and V2 at Mallawy
area with sowing date of 1 May. In addition, shortening
interval days between irrigation without increasing in total
amounts of irrigation water applied under future climate change
conditions will lead to reduce the negative impact of climate
change on productivity of different maize varieties. Also,
increasing amount of irrigation water applied 10 % could achieve
the same result. However, skipping irrigation at different
growth stages may be resulted in more reduction in grain yield
with all varieties and areas under study.
[Samia,
M., El-Marsafawy; M. K. Hassanein; H. El-Ramady and
Namait Allah, Y. Mokhtar.
Climatic Changes and Their Impact on the Behaviour of Some Maize
Varieties in Egypt.
N Y Sci J
2012; 5(11):83-99]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 14
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.14
Key words:
Climate change, adaptation, maize varieties, agroclimatological
zones, irrigation water. |
Full Text
|
14
|
|
15
|
Assessing the contribution of
improved stove to the household income and environmental
protection in Musanze district, Rwanda.
Alphonse Nahayo
*,
Jean de Dieu Murindahabi,
Jennifer Rono
Higher Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry (ISAE)-
Busogo; Department of Forestry and Nature Conservation, P.O.Box
210 Musanze, Rwanda; email:
nahayo1@yahoo.fr
Abstract:
In Rwanda, fuel products such as charcoal, firewood, crop
residues and dung are usually used for cooking. Firewood
collection is perceived as an increasing difficult task, and
many people walk long distances to look for it.
To overcome the shortage of
fuelwood and environmental degradation issues, several solutions
are possible: reforestation, improving the performance of the
charring, the use of improved stoves and other sources of energy
such as sun, peat and biogas. The purpose of this study was to
investigate how improved stove can both contribute to the
forests protection and to increase the household income. The
methodology used was a cooking test experiment by repeating
three times each trial and a boiling water test. The
experimentation was conducted throughout both cooking the
required food for the family of about 5 members as well as
boiling water test to determine the stove’s efficiency. Some
quantity of food such as 1 kg of rice, 3 kg of potatoes, 3
liters of maize porridge and 1 kg of dried beans have been
cooked on metal improved firewood stove model as well as on a
traditional one. Thus, the cooking time and the firewood
consumption of all complete cooking spans have been determined.
The boiling test has used 3 liters of water in order to
determine the thermal efficiency of different studied stoves.
The rate of forest protection, firewood and time saved and the
cost benefit resulting from the adoption of the improved stove
over the use of traditional stove have been determined by using
the formulas. The final findings prove that metal improved
firewood stove model contributes to protect forests
significantly at the rate of 50.33%. This can save firewood
consumption at a considerable proportion, reduce the cooking
time for about 21% and contribute to increase household income
at 50.33% referring to the budget reserved to the use of
firewood by households.
[Nahayo A, Murindahabi, J.D, Rono
J. Assessing the contribution of improved stove to the
household income and environmental protection in Musanze
district, Rwanda.
N Y Sci J
2012;
5(11):100-109].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork. 15
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.15
Keywords:
Improved stove,
forest protection, household income, Rwanda |
Full Text
|
15
|
|
16
|
Effects of
Different Landuses on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in
Wondo Genet Area, Ethiopia
Fikadu Getachew1*,
Abdu Abdulkadir2, Mulugeta Lemenih2 &
Aramde Fetene3
1Oromia
Bureau of Agriculture, Natural Resource Development, Protection
and Utilisation Department, P.O. Box, 1397 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
* E-mail: gonfa2002@gmail.com
2Wondo
Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resource, P. O. Box 128,
Shashamane, Ethiopia;
3
Department of
Natural Resource Management, Debre Markos
University
P.O.Box 269 Debre Markos, Ethiopia
Abstract:
Landuses/land
cover changes from natural forests to farmland, open grazing and
fast growing plantation forests, and subsequent changes in soil
physical and chemical properties are widespread in Ethiopia. The
aim of this study was to identify and characterize the influence
of different landuse changes on soil chemical and physical
properties, and its implications on sustainable soil resources
management. The types of landuses considered under this study
were: farmland, grazing land, Eucalyptus saligna
plantation and the adjacent natural forests. The natural forests
provided the benchmark (control) against which the effects of
the other landuses on soil properties were investigated. The
result showed that some soil physical properties, particularly
soil moisture and infiltration significantly differed between landuses under consideration. Soil moisture content under the
plantation was lower than those of the farm and grazing
landuses, but similar to the soil of the natural forest. Soil
infiltration capacity was lower in the grazing land compared to
the natural forest. However, significant differences were not
observed on the soil chemical parameters considered (i.e. pH,
soil organic carbon, total N, available P) among the different landuses. This result is not in agreement with the widely
accepted notion that conversion of tropical natural forest to
human-managed landuses causes extreme changes in soil chemical
properties. The observed little or no effect of landuse changes
on soil chemical properties might be due to a high resilience to
landuse change attributed to Andosols. It was concluded that
soil physical properties are more susceptible to landuse change
than chemical properties in Andosols. This implies that
managements of Andosols need to focus on strategies that improve
the soil physical properties rather than soil chemical
properties.
[Getachew
F, Abdulkadir A, Lemenih M, Fetene A. Effects of Different
Landuses on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in Wondo Genet
Area, Ethiopia.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):110-118]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
16
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.16
Keywords:
Andosol, Eucalyptus saligna, Landuse,
physical and
chemical properties, landuse, Wondo Genet
|
Full Text
|
16
|
|
17
|
Diagnosis
of Acute Meningococcal Meningitis by Using Of Pcr Versus
Conventional Methods In El-Menoufiya Governorate
Nasser El-hamshary1, Mahmoud Afifi El-Sayed2,
Waleed Fathy3, Mohammed Kader4.
1Tropical
Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University
2Internal
Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University
3Clinical
Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menofyia University
4Clinical
Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al Azhar University
aghazy099@yahoo.com;
nadia_nour27@yahoo.com
[Nasser El-hamshary,
Mahmoud Afifi El-Sayed,
Waleed
Fathy,
Mohammed Kader.
Diagnosis of Acute Meningococcal Meningitis By Using Of Pcr
Versus Conventional Methods In El-Menoufiya Governorate.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):119-127].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
17
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.17
Keywords:
Diagnosis; Acute Meningococcal Meningitis;
inflammation |
Full Text
|
17
|
|
18
|
Effect of Farmyard and Compost Manures on Survival and Growth of
Calliandra calothyrsus Seedlings: A case of Land-Husbandry,
Water-Harvesting and Hillside-Irrigation (LWH) Project Tree
Nurseries in Gatsibo District, Rwanda.
Rono Jennifer1, Maniriho Festus1
and Niyonsaba Benjamin
1Higher
Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry (ISAE)- Busogo
Department of Forestry and Nature Conservation, P.O.Box 210
Musanze, Rwanda;
ronojenni@gmail.com.
Abstract:
This study was undertaken with the main aim of improving the
survival and growth of Calliandra Calothyrsus seedlings
in tree nurseries through the application of organic manure by
making a comparative study on different organic manures and
evaluating growth characteristics of seedlings for 55 days after
pricking out. An experiment was conducted at LWH nursery site
which is located in Eastern Province, Gatsibo District using a
completely randomized block design with 4 treatments, replicated
four times. The treatments were: T0-
Soil without any organic fertilizer (Control), T1- soil mixed
with farmyard manure, T2- soil mixed with compost manure, T3-
soil mixed with both compost and farm yard manure. The
observed growth parameters were the survival rate, height and
diameter of seedlings at 25th; 40th and 55th
days after pricking out. The overall survival of seedlings was
89.79%; The results further showed that the combination of farm
yard manure and compost mixed with soil performed well compared
to other treatments for all the parameters observed with a
survival rate of 94.44 %, mean seedling height of
6.6 cm and mean seedling
diameter of 0.06 cm after 55
days while the control was the poorest performer among all
treatments with a survival of 73.89 %, mean seedling height of
5.6 cm and mean seedling
diameter of
0.04 cm after 55 days. It can
be concluded that the use of organic manures can significantly
improve survival and growth of Calliandra calothyrsus in
the nursery. It is therefore recommended that organizations
interested in seedlings production should enhance the use of
compost and farm yard manure; mixed at appropriate ratios in
order to boost seedling establishment and also the economic and
ecological benefits from agroforestry resources and to also
train farmers on the use of organic manures in seedling raising.
[Rono J, Maniriho F, Niyonsaba B.
Effect of Farmyard and Compost Manures on Survival and Growth of
Calliandra calothyrsus Seedlings: A case of Land-Husbandry,
Water-Harvesting and Hillside-Irrigation (LWH) Project Tree
Nurseries in Gatsibo District, Rwanda.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):128-132].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
18
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.18
Key words:
Organic manures, Survival, Growth rate, Height, Root Collar
Diameter. |
Full Text
|
18
|
|
19
|
A Comparative Study On The Perfomance Of Alnus Acuminata Planted
As Intercrops And In Woodlots: A Case Study Of Nyabihu District,
Western Province, Rwanda.
Rono Jennifer, Maniriho Festus and
Uwezimana Valence.
1Higher
Institute of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry (ISAE)- Busogo,
Department of Forestry and Nature Conservation, P.O.Box 210
Musanze, Rwanda;
ronojenni@gmail.com.
Abstract:
The main objective of
this study was to compare the growth performance of Alnus
acuminata planted as intercrops in agroforestry systems and
in woodlots by carrying out an inventory on trees planted in
Nyabihu District, Rwanda in the year 2007. The height, DBH,
silvicultural treatments subjected to the trees and the stocking
parameters including the number of trees, basal area volume per
hectare and mean annual increment (MAI) of height were compared.
Farms and farmers sampled were randomly selected and a
questionnaire was used to compare the silvicultural treatments
used on both land use systems. For measurements, 0.04 ha
circular plots were used. T-Test was used to find if the
performance means were significantly different between
agroforestry systems and woodlots at
P≤0.05. For silvicultural treatments, pruning emerged to be the most
practiced technique with all the farmers who have planted the
species as an intercrop practicing it while 81.6% of the farmers
prune their trees in woodlots. Coppicing is also practiced in
both systems with 33.3% and 16.6% using the treatment in
intercropping and woodlot systems respectively. Thinning is done
only in the case of woodlots while pollarding is practiced
solely in the intercropping system. A higher DBH mean of 18.77cm
was found in intercrops while woodlots presented a lower mean of
17.3 cm. On the other hand, trees in the woodlots had attained a
higher height with an average of 19.55m while the trees in
intercrops had an average height of 13.23m and the Mean
annual increments (MAI) in height in intercrops and woodlots
were 2.64 and 3.91 respectively.
A higher number of trees per hectare (679 trees/ha)
was found in the
woodlots with a basal area of about 15.98 m2/ha
and a volume was 153.00 m3/ha.
The number of trees found in intercrops was 454 trees/ha with a
basal area of 12.68 m2/ha and a volume of
84.14 m3/ha. It can
then be concluded that,
there is a
significant difference in the average number of trees per
hectare, height, MAI in height and volume per hectare and
silvicultural treatments between Alnus acuminata planted
as intercrops and in woodlots. However, there is no significant
difference in the mean DBH and basal area per hectare between
Alnus acuminata planted as intercrops and in woodlots.
This study recommends that a national forest inventory be carried out to assess the performance of
Alnus acuminata in different land use system and also
advise farmers on the system that can be more profitable to
them.
[Rono
J, Maniriho F, Uwezimana V.
A Comparative Study on the Perfomance of Alnus acuminata
Planted as Intercrops and in Woodlots: A Case Study of Nyabihu
District, Western Province, Rwanda.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):133-137].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
19
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.19
Key words:
Alnus acuminate, Height, DBH, basal area, Volume, MAI,
woodlots, Agroforestry systems and Silvicultural treatments. |
Full Text
|
19
|
|
20
|
Isolation And Characterization Of Triterpene Lup-20-EN-3-Ol And
1,3-Hexyloxacyclotridec-10-EN-2-One From The Root Of Grewia
Mollis
1 Efiom, O.O.,
and 2 E. Oku
1 Department of
Chemistry University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
2 Department of
Agriculture, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
otuefiom@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Two new additional compounds type characterized as Triterpenes
lup-20-en-3-ol and
1,3-hexyloxacyclotridec-10-en-2-one were isolated from n-Hexane
extract of root of Grewa mollis (Twaceae). The structures
of the new compounds were identified on the basis of spectral
interpretation.
[
Efiom, O.O, E. Oku. Isolation And Characterization
Of Triterpene Lup-20-EN-3-Ol And
1,3-Hexyloxacyclotridec-10-EN-2-One From The Root Of Grewia
Mollis.
N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):138-141].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
20
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.20
Keywords:
Grewa mollis, Triterpenes, n-Hexane extract, Isolation, Spectra. |
Full Text
|
20
|
|
21
|
Investigating the Effect of Human Capital and Social Capital on
Innovation Using the Fuzzy AHP Method
Ali Sasani1,
Motahareh Rabani2,
Amirhesam Behrooz
3
1
M.A. Candidate of Entrepreneurship Management, University of
Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2
M.S. Candidate of Industrial Engineering, University of Science
and Culture, Iran
3
M.S. Candidate of Executive Management of Business
Administration, University of Tehran, Iran
E-mail: Ali_sasani@ut.ac.ir
Abstract:
In this paper, we investigate the effects of two forms of
capital, i.e. human capital at the specific-firm level
and social capital at the organizational level on innovation. We
use previous conceptualizations of human capital as educational
levels and work experience and social capital as comprising
trust, norms of civic behavior, and formal/informal networks to
identify factors of human and social capital which affect on
innovation. After that we prioritize them using Fuzzy analytic
hierarchy process in Industrial Corporations of Tehran and
Alborz provinces, during the period of 2010-2012.
[Ali Sasani, Motahareh Rabani, Amirhesam Behrooz.
Investigating the Effect of Human Capital and Social
Capital on Innovation Using the Fuzzy AHP Method. N Y Sci
J 2012;5(11):142-151]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
21
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.21
Keywords: Human capital, Social capital, Innovation, Analytic hierarchy
process, Fuzzy set. |
Full Text
|
21
|
|
22
|
Impact of Wireless Communications Sensor Based Secure Networks:
Case Study
V K Panday1 and Dr. G. K. Upadhyay2
1Research
Scholar CMJ University, Shillong.
2Director Landmark Technical Campus Moradabad
Abstract:
In this paper we will discuss the typical wireless sensor
network consists of thousands of sensor nodes, deployed either
randomly or according to some predefined statistical
distribution, over a geographic region of interest. A sensor
node by itself has severe resource constraints, such as low
battery power, limited signal processing, limited computation
and communication capabilities, and a small amount of memory;
hence it can sense only a limited portion of the environment.
However, when a group of sensor nodes collaborate with each
other, they can accomplish a much bigger task efficiently.
Wireless sensor networks are made up of a large number of
inexpensive devices that are networked via low power wireless
communications topologies. Here we implement the application of
sensor networks include environmental monitoring system, natural
disaster prediction and relief, homeland security, healthcare,
manufacturing, transportation, and home appliances and
entertainment.
[V
K Panday and G. K. Upadhyay.
Impact of Wireless Communications Sensor Based Secure Networks:
Case Study. N Y Sci J
2012;5(11):152-154].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.
22
doi:10.7537/marsnys051112.22
Keywords:
Security, routers, wireless networks, wireless devices, sensor
assets, ICT. |
Full Text
|
22
|
The manuscripts in
this issue were presented as online first for peer-review,
starting from 9/9/2012.
All comments are
welcome: newyorksci@sciencepub.net.
For back issues of the
New York
Science Journal, click
here.
Emails: newyorksci@sciencepub.net;
editor@sciencepub.net
Website: http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork
|
