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Hiv And Helicobacter Pylori Co-Infection In Dyspeptic Patients In Abeokuta, Nigeria.

Ejilude O.¹*, Akinduti P.A¹, Idowu M², Ogunbileje J.O ³, Akinbo J.A ⁴

1. Department of Medical Microbiology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria.

2. Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria.

3. Department of Chemical Pathology & Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan.

4. Department of Pathology, Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta.

seunejilude@yahoo.com

Abstract: Synergistic severity of H. pylori and HIV co-infection in dyspeptic patients and its seroprevalence by socio-economic and environmental factors in this locality was studied. 109 confirmed seropositive HIV patients suffering from dyspepsia were tested for the presence of H. pylori IgG antibodies from 230 patients, attending out-patient clinics of Sacred Heart Hospital, Abeokuta, Nigeria. 47.4% has H. pylori and HIV antibodies with significant H. pylori IgG titre more than 1:40. 29.4% was recorded in age group 26-35 while 3.5% was recorded in 66-75. Female subjects were more predisposed having 52.7% to the disease while 27.5% have malaria as associated disease. Unemployed individuals are 17.4% with a significant titre of 1:60 compare to artisan with 36.7% prevalence rate but with low titre of 1:20. Low CD4 count of 213cell/mm3 among 17.4% unemployed and 405 cell/mm3 among 36.7% artisan was observed.  Prevalence of H. pylori in HIV is correlated to poor socio-economic condition (that is low daily income), associated low-level of education and overcrowding which could predispose many HIV seropositive individuals to severe dyspepsia and other severe disease conditions.

[Ejilude O., Akinduti P.A, Idowu M, Ogunbileje J.O , Akinbo J.A. Hiv And Helicobacter Pylori Co-Infection In Dyspeptic Patients In Abeokuta, Nigeria. New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):1-5 ]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.01

Keywords: Dyspepsia, HIV, Helicobacter pylori

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Study on Grouper fish mortality phenomenon at the east costal Libyan area of the Mediterranean Sea with reference to bacteriological and parasitological examinations

Soliman, W.S.; Samira, S. Rezika; AlGhareeb, S.; Al-Waair, O. and Al-Deghies, E.

 Al-Fatah University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases.

waleed0809@yahoo.com

Abstract: Grouper fish mortality at the East Cost Libyan area of the Mediterranean Sea is one of the major problems encountered at autumn season starting from October. Sudden environmental changes associated with water pollution were recorded. Adult fish especially the grouper types were affected. This phenomenon was previously recorded in Libya at 1985. The present study was carried out to demonstrate the most prevalent isolates that may lead to this phenomenon. It was found that the gram negative oxidase positive bacterial group (Pasteurella, Vibrio and Aeromonas spp.) were the most isolated bacteria with high incidence refers especially to Pasteurella piscicida  with an incidence of 64%. Black or metallic colour cysts (Microspordiosis, Glugea spp. and Plistophora spp.) representing spores or larvae of this parasite were observed on the visceral organs and abdominal cavity. Other parasites included larval stages of Contracaecum spp. and Gonapodasmius epinepheli (Didymozoid digenes). The clinical and postmortem lesions were mostly characterized by unilateral or bilateral corneal opacity and haemorrhagic spots on the skin with ulcer formation in some cases. Abdominal distension and anal prolaps were also recorded. All the internal organs were congested. The swim bladder was greatly swollen and filled with gas.

[Soliman, W.S.; Samira, S. Rezika; AlGhareeb, S.; Al-Waair, O. and Al-Deghies, E. Study on Grouper fish mortality phenomenon at the east costal Libyan area of the Mediterranean Sea with reference to bacteriological and parasitological examinations. New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):6-14]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.02

Key words: Grouper fish; Pasteurella, Aeromonas, Vibrio; API; Monogenea, Digenean

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Determinants of Bread Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Safety Labels in Oredo Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria

Oviahon I. S; S.A Yusuf; R.J Akinlade and O.L Balogun

Department of Agricultural Economics University of Ibadan, Nigeria. blarrybunmi@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: The study examined the determinants of bread consumers’ willingness to pay for safety labels in Oredo Local Government Area in Edo State.  Stratified sampling technique was used to select three wards (strata) from the 12 wards in the area of study to have representative sample of different classes of people (high, middle, and low income earners) and one hundred and twenty bread consumers were interviewed. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model. Average age of consumer of bread in the area was 38.1 years while mean income was N132, 567.50 monthly. Household size was 5 members and majority of respondents were married. Majority (94.2%) of the respondents preferred safety labeled bread with 72.5% willing to pay extra amount for safety labeled bread. High proportion of the variation in willingness to pay was explained by the independent variables (Pseudo R²=78.38%). The mean willingness to pay for safety labeled bread was N175.4. The consumers’ willingness to pay for safety labeled bread decreased as the price (p<0.1) increased while increase in educational level, marital status, label, and source of information were statistically significant at (p<0.05 and increased consumers’ willingness to pay for safety labeled bread.  Consumers are willing to pay for safety label and this increased with increase in the level of education, news (electronic) as their source of information, labeled bread as the key characteristics of bread considered by respondents, and being married while it decreased with increase in price of bread.

[Oviahon I. S; S.A Yusuf; R.J Akinlade and O.L Balogun. Determinants of Bread Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Safety Labels in Oredo Local Government Area, Edo State, Nigeria. New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):15-20 ]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.03

 Keywords: Bread Consumers, willingness to pay, safety label, Edo State, Nigeria

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Prevalence of Chicken Cestodiasis in Egypt

Lebdah, M.A.¹; Abu-Elkheir,S. A.¹ Elmeligy, M.M. ٍ² and Shahin, A.M.^*2

¹Avian and Rabbit Medicine Department; Faculty of Vet. Med.; Zagazig University

²Department of parasitology; Animal Health Research Institute; Mansoura Branch

^*Abeer.shahin@gmx.de

Abstract: Eight hundred and sixty chickens of different ages representing all types of production were collected either morbund or freshly dead. Thirty-Seven birds out of 860 examined chickens, showed infestation with different types of cestode worms with percentage of 4.3%. The recorded species of cestodes were Raillietina tetragona, Raillietina echinobothrida, Raillietina cesticillus, Choanotaenia infundibulum and Raillietina ransomi in an incidence percentage of 97.2%, 91.9%, 59.4%, 40.5% and 18.9% respectivelly. Raillietina ransomi was the first record in Egypt. The cestode infestation incidence in back yards; breeders; SaSo broiler; layer and broilers were 45.9%; 29,7%; 18,9%; 5.4% and 0% respectivelly. The highest incidence was recorded in backyard chickens while no infestation was recoded in broilers.

[Lebdah, M.A.; Abu-Elkheir,S. A; Elmeligy, M. M; Shahin, A. M. Prevalence of Chicken Cestodiasis in Egyp. New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):21-29]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.04

Keywords:  chicken cestodiasis, Egypt

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NPHS2 variation in children with late steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome

Ren Q ¹ , YU SY ²

^1. Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology，HuBei,WuHan，430030，China

^2.Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University,Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510180,China. E-mail: shengyouyu@163.com

Abstract:Many children with late steroid resistent nephrotic syndrome (late SRNS) are prone to a complicated clinical and therapeutic course.The etiopathogenesis and the long-term prognosis of late SRNS remains obscure. Considering the similar steroid resistance between late and initial SRNS, analysis of NPHS2 variation was performed in 35 sporadic Chinese children with late SRNS and 30 controls in present study to investigate the possible role of NPHS2 gene in late SRNS. The variation analysis revealed 3 polymorphisms (288C>T heterozygous in exon 2, 954T>C heterozygous and homozygous, 1038A>G heterozygous in exon 8) in 11 out of 35 patients studied, but there was no significant difference in the genotypic and allelic frequencies of these polymorphisms between patients and controls. The hypothesis that late SRNS may be associated with NPHS2 gene variations was not confirmed in this studied.

[Ren Q , YU SY. NPHS2 variation in children with late steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):30-33]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.05

Keywords: NPHS2; nephrotic syndrome; mutation; SRNS

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A Survey of Public Health Disease vectors Breeding in Refuse Dumps in Onitsha Metropolis, Anambra State Nigeria

¹Onyido, A.E., ¹Azubuike, J., ²Amadi, E.S., ¹Obiukwu, M.O., ¹Ozumba, N.A and ¹Ikpeze, O.O.

¹ Department of Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Biosciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe  University, Awka, PMB 5025 Anambra State, Nigeria.

² Department of Microbiology, School of Science, Federal University of  Technology, PMB 1526 Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.

ejidikemeonyido@yahoo.com

Abstract: The study was conducted to determine the public health disease vectors breeding in refuse dumps at Onitsha metropolis in Anambra State of Nigeria. The study was conducted between March and August 2009. Visual observations were used to estimate the age and composition of the refuse dumps. Sweepnets, sticky traps and water traps were used to collect different vector species. Snap traps were used to collect the rodents and other small animals. Twelve refuse dumps were selected based on their locations in the city and human activities in the areas. The refuse dumps were aged 3-5 weeks in the GRA and 2-5 months in the urban slums. Compositions of the refuse dumps varied from vegetable matter and animal remains to assorted materials including used tyres, electronic parts, cartons and hair-care products. Seven insect vector species, 2 reptiles, 3 snails and 6 rodents were collected from the refuse dumps. Out of 153 animals from the refuse dumps, 144(94.1%) were insect vectors of public health diseases. Musca domestica 60 (39.2%), Culex quinquefasciatus and biting midges 20 (13.0%) respectively and Periplanata americana 19 (12.4%) were the most abundant vector species. The thriving populations of these vector species, the abundance of putrefying refuse dumps and human disease in the refuse dumps are suggestive of the endemicity of diseases transmitted by the vectors in the city. This work therefore recommends the urgent disposal of refuse in the study areas to improve both human and environmental health of the city.

^[Onyido, A.E., Azubuike, J., Amadi, E.S., Obiukwu, M.O., Ozumba, N.A and Ikpeze, O.O. A Survey of Public Health Disease vectors Breeding in Refuse Dumps in Onitsha Metropolis, Anambra State Nigeria. New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):34-39]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.06

Keywords: Refuse dumps, Disease Vectors, Public Health

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Improving Fruit and Oil Quality of Picual Olive through Exogenous Application of Putrescine and Stigmasterol

¹Hasnaa, S. Ayad; ²Aml. R. M. Yousef and ¹A. El-Moursi

¹Botany Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt

²Horticultural Crops Technology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt

^*Ahmedhms2005@yahoo.com

Abstract:  A field experiment was carried out at a private orchard located at El-Saff district, Giza governorate, Egypt, during two successive seasons (2007 and 2008) to study the effect of putrescine and stigmasterol on fruit growth, quality and some chemical constituents of picual olive oil. Picual olive trees (20 years old) were sprayed with putrescine (44, 88 and 132 ppm) and stigmasterol (50, 100 and 150 ppm) before fruit harvest (one month). Applications of putrescine and stigmasterol significantly increased fruit growth characters i.e. size, weight, length and diameter during the two successive growth stages (green and purple stages). Olive fruit quality characters i.e. pulp weight and thickness, moisture content, soluble solid content and acidity were also positively affected by putrescine and stigmasterol treatments. The most effective treatments on fruit growth and quality were those of putrescine (44 ppm) and stigmasterol (150 ppm). Such treatments had the highest pronounced effect on oil production and quality of picual olive trees

[Hasnaa, S. Ayad; Aml.R.M.Yousef and A.El-Moursi. Improving Fruit and Oil Quality of Picual Olive through Exogenous Application of Putrescine and Stigmasterol.  New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):40-45 ]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.07

Key words: Olive, Putrescine, Stigmasterol, Fruit, Quality, Oil characters.

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Bacterial resistance to cephalosporin in clinical isolates in Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH)

Vivian Okemena Agbor, Lynn Ma’ori

Department of Medical Microbiology, Federal School of Medical laboratory Sciences Jos, Plateau State, P. M. B 2253, Nigeria. lynnmaori09@gmail.com

Abstract: Bacterial resistance to cephalosporin in clinical isolates in Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) was carried out between November and April, 2011. 60 bacterial isolates were collected from Urine, Blood, Stool, Wound, Ear, Throat and High Vaginal Swabs. Cultural and biochemical techniques were used to identify the isolates.  Out of the 60 isolates, 26(43.3%) were resistant to the prepared first generation (Cephalexin), 5(8.3%) to 2^nd generation (Cefuroxime), 4(6.6%) to 3^rd generation and 9(15.0%) were resistant to control used (commercially prepared Ceftazidime 30ug). Salmonella spp were shown to be susceptible to all the generation of Cephalosporins with 0(0%) resistance while Pseudomonas spp were shown to be resistant to all the generations of Cephalosporins with 9(100%), 6(66.6%), 1(11.1%) to 1^st, 2^nd, and 3^rd generations respectively and control with 1(11%) which is also a second generation of Cephalosporins. Therefore, even among the 2^nd generations some are more active than others while 3^rd generation of Cephalosporins are still more effective over the others from the result of this study.

[Vivian Okemena Agbor¹, Lynn Ma’ori. Bacterial resistance to cephalosporin in clinical isolates in Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH). New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):46-55]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.08

Keywords: Cephalosporins, Pseudomonas, Salmonella , Escherichia coli, Stapylococcus aureus, Proteus Klebsiella

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Delineation of Linear Structures From Digitized Aeromagnetic Data of The Western Part of The Younger Granite Complex of North Central Nigeria

S. C. Alkali¹ and Gaiya S.²

Department of Geology, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria

e-mail: samailacrahalkali@yahoo.com

Department of Applied Science, Kaduna Polytechnic, Kaduna, Nigeria

e-mail: gaiyastephen@ymail.com

ABSTRACT: Residual magnetic anomaly field shows lower values resting upon intrusive younger granite rocks. Regions underlain by volcanic rocks and their associates are characterized by higher anomalies. Structurally the southwestern part is situated upon a relatively quite environment; the northeastern, north central and southeastern regions are characteristics of severed tectonic events. Linear structures are oriented in the N - S, NE – SW, NNE - SSW, NW – SE, E – W and ENE – SWS directions. Digital elevation model shows more than seventy five percent of the lineaments confining within the eastern side of the northwest corner to the southeast margin diagonal line. Individual lineaments exceeding 20 km long are deep-seated in origin and may represent regional subsurface faulting. Minor lineaments attained lateral dimensions shorter than 20 km. They are shallow structures and consist essentially of joints, veins and so on. Analyses of major and minor fracture lines on bidirectional rose diagrams organized into class intervals of 15^o recorded five classes for the major lineaments and four for the minor ones. The main structural units of the rose diagrams are oriented along the N – S, NE – SW, NNE – SSW, NW – SE and NNW – SSE directions. The NE - SW and NNE - SSW trending lineaments are interpreted as belonging to major fracture lines, which probably controlled the emplacement of the granite and the NE – SW trending joints. The NE - SW set is therefore interpreted as representing fractures associated with major movements attributable to past tectonics activities. Pegmatite zones and quartz veins are associated with the NNE – SSW linear structures.

[S. C. Alkali and Gaiya S. Delineation of Linear Structures From Digitized Aeromagnetic Data of The Western Part of The Younger Granite Complex of North Central Nigeria. New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):56-62]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.09

Keywords: magnetic anomaly;  tectonic; lineaments; fractures; bidirectional rose

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AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF LIQUID FLOW FROM ORRIFICES AND SHORT TUBES

¹ADEWOLE O.O,  ²OYINKANLA L.O.A

¹DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS, UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN, NIGERIA.

²DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS & ELECTRONICS, THE POLYTECHNIC, IBADAN.

¹Correspondence viz: koredeadewole@yahoo.com.

ABSTRACT: The current study involved investigation of liquid flow from orifices and short tubes. Certain fundamental physical laws govern the flow of liquids through various channel or medium, among which are the Poiseuille theorem, Bernoulli theorem, Darcy law, etc. An elaborate consideration of liquid flow from orifices and short tubes with a simple experimental investigation has been outlined with results of findings here. The findings are quite interesting and the flow observed under  relevant governing  physical laws. The horizontal ranges have been obtained and found to increase initially and subsequently decrease with decreasing depth. It is pertinent to state that the horizontal velocities of water as it comes out from different holes and the different ranges can be respectively calculated.

[ADEWOLE O.O, OYINKANLA L.O.A. AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF LIQUID FLOW FROM ORRIFICES AND SHORT TUBES.  New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):63-65]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.10

KEY WORDS: Liquid flow, orifices, short tubes, Poisuelle theorem

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Quantification Study of Toxic Heavy Metals Pollutants in Sediment Samples Collected From Kasardi River Flowing Along the Taloja Industrial Area of Mumbai, India

R.S.Lokhande¹, P.U.Singare², D.S.Pimple³

^1.Department of Chemistry, University of Mumbai, Santacruz, Vidyanagari, Mumbai 400 098, India ^2.Department of Chemistry, Bhavan’s College, Munshi Nagar, Andheri (West), Mumbai 400058, India

^3.Department of Chemistry, R.J. College, Ghatkopar, Mumbai 400 086. India

pravinsingare@vsnl.net

Abstract: The present paper deals with quantification study of some toxic heavy metals in the sediment samples of Kasardi River flowing along the Taloja Industrial belt of Mumbai. The results indicates high level of pollution due to toxic heavy metals like chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and iron (Fe). All these heavy metals were found to be much above the acute toxicity level. It is feared that these metals may enter the food chain through bio-magnification there by creating threat to aquatic life and the surrounding population. The results of the present investigation point out the need to implement common objectives, compatible policies and programmes for improvement in the industrial waste water treatment methods.

[R.S.Lokhande, P.U.Singare, D.S. Pimple. Quantification Study of Toxic Heavy Metals Pollutants in Sediment Samples Collected From Kasardi River Flowing Along the Taloja Industrial Area of Mumbai, India. New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):66-71]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.11

Key words: Heavy metals; pollution; sediments; industrial effluent; Kasardi River; Taloja Industrial Area; Mumbai; India

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MODELING AN INTEGRATED MULTI-DISTRIBUTOR SUPPLY CHAIN WITH PRODUCTION MEAN PROBLEM

M. Abolhasanpour1, A.M. Kimiagari1, A. Abolhasanpoor2, M. Tajalli2, F. Vaezi Shokouh3

1,2 Department of Industrial Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Iran

3,4 Asia Pacific International College, Sydney, Australia

5 Mehr Alborz Nonprofit Institution, Tehran, Iran

m.abolhasanpour@gmail.com

Abstract: One of the most important challenges in a Single-Vendor multiple-Distributor Multiple-Buyers supply chain is deciding about production mean amount. Production mean determines yield rate of the vendor that could affect production lot size and specify number of shipments between vendor, distributor and buyers. In this paper, an integrated Single-Vendor multiple-Distributor Multiple-branch problem formulated. In this model vendor allowed to deliver product lots to distributor in an unequal-sized shipments manner. Respectively distributor has been allowed to deliver products to each customer base on its demand. Outgoing items will be inspected and will be reprocessed if couldn’t satisfy lower specification limits. This model expected to lower reprocessing cost due to the deviation from the optimum target value. Because of nonlinearity that exists on the total cost function due to fraction of conforming items produced and also ratio of yield rate to demand rate, we suggested a step by step numerical solution algorithm to finding the model optimal solution.

[M. Abolhasanpour, A.M. Kimiagari, A. Abolhasanpoor, M. Tajalli, F. Vaezi Shokouh. MODELING AN INTEGRATED MULTI-DISTRIBUTOR SUPPLY CHAIN WITH PRODUCTION MEAN PROBLEM. New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):72-77]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.12

Key Words: Supply Base Supply Chain, Integrated Model, Heuristic Solution, Production Mean, Numerical Solution

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 Spectroscopic Studies, Crystal Structure and Biological Activity of {ethyl 4-(2-hydroxy-benzylideneamino) benzoate} Schiff Base and its Copper Complex

Mohammad El-Nawawy, Rabie Saad Farag, Ibrahime Al-Sbbah and Abdel-Aziz Mohammad Abu-Yamin*

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

*Abuyamin33@yahoo.com

Abstract: Ethyl4-(2-hydroxy-benzylideneamino) benzoate Schiff base (C₁₆H₁₅NO₃), were synthesized and the structure was elucidated in the bases of elemental analysis, ¹HNMR, X-ray, UV–VIS, IR, and Mass spectroscopy. The X-ray establish the conformation of the molecule, which indicate the compound is crystalline in the monoclinic C2 / c with a = 16.0916 (5)Å, b = 6.0315 (2)Å, c = 29.0072 (10)Å, α = 90.00°, β = 101.856 (2)°, γ = 90.00°, V = 2755.3 (2)ų, Z = 8 and R_int = 0.032. Also, the Cu complex was prepared and its structure was elucidated in the bases of elemental analysis, electronic, IR spectra, and conductance measurements.  Also, the biological activity of the Schiff base and its Cu complex are biologically active.

[Mohammad El-Nawawy, Rabie Saad Farag, Ibrahime Al-Sbbah and Abdel-Aziz Mohammad Abu-Yamin. Spectroscopic Studies, Crystal Structure and Biological Activity of {ethyl 4-(2-hydroxy-benzylideneamino) benzoate} Schiff Base and its Copper Complex. New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):78-82]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.13

Keywords: Synthesis; Spectroscopic; Benzocaine; Schiff base; X-ray single crystal; Biological activities

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Impact of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks in e-Governance

Rajeev Kumar¹, Rahul Rathore², Navin Agarawal³ and Dr. M.K. Sharma⁴

¹Department of Computer Application, College of Management & Computer Application

Teerthanker Mahaveer University Moradabad U.P. (India)

^2,3Department of computer Science, Teerthanker Mahaveer University Moradabad, U.P. (India)

⁴Associate Professor & Head MCA Program, Department of Computer Science, Amrapali Institute -Haldwani (Uttarakhand)

rajeev2009mca@gmail.com

Abstract: In this Paper we discuss the Services of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks and security & Challenges in different areas for e- Governance like Defense, Crisis, rural and emergency areas. We used the information and communication Technology to solve the problem in these networks. This has no networking & communication to the other person. It has used the mobile Ad Hoc networking. A Mobile Ad Hoc network also is used to provide crisis management services applications such as in disaster recovery. Where the entire communication infrastructure is destroyed and resorting communication quickly is crucial. So we solved & study these issues in this paper and phase the all problems.

[Rajeev Kumar, Rahul Rathore, Navin Agarawal, M.K. Sharma. Impact of Mobile ad Hoc Networks in e-Governance. New York Science Journal 2011; 4(9): 83-85]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.14

Keywords: Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, Information and Communication Technology, e- Governance.

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Protective Effect of Eclipta Alba Extract, Silymarin and their Combination Against Obesity Induce Insulin Resistance and Hyperglycemia In Rats.

Ghada M. Elhadi; S. A. Ghareib and M. A. Mohamed.

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt.

ghmelhady@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study was designed to show that, if the causative role of obesity in the peripheral and hepatic insulin resistance, was through the induction of systemic oxidative stress or not and if antioxidants alter the natural history of developing diabetes in a rodent model of obesity?. Therefore silymarin and Eclipta alba extract (natural Flvonoids antioxidant) are used in this study to examine their prophylactic effects against high fat diet-induced obesity involved in the development of type II diabetes mellitus. Fasting blood glucose (BG) and serum insulin (SI) levels, in addition to glucose utilization, insulin resistance (IR) and β-cell function were measured as biochemical markers for diabetes mellitus., free fatty acids (FFA), total cholesterol(T-Ch), triglycerides (TG), LDL-C and HDL-C were used as biochemical markers for obesity. Glutathion content (GSH) and superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) were measured as biochemical markers for redox homeostasis. Adult male albino rats were used in this study and arranged into six groups: The first group was kept on normal standard diet and was served as normal control. The second group was left free on high fat diet for 60 days and represent the obese control group. While G_3,4&6 were received silymarin (100 mg/kg), Eclipta  alba  extract (75 mg/kg) and metformin (200 mg/kg) respectively in concurrent with high fat diet for 60 days. While G₅ received silymarin (100 mg/kg) and Eclipta alba extract (75 mg/kg) as combination for 60 days. Obtained results revealed that: 1- The incidence of type II diabetes mellitus by obesity, through hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and elevation in total lipids and FFAs, are associated with a reduction in β-cell function and antioxidant defense mechanisms. 2- The progressive reduction in serum lipids especially FFAs and the increase in antioxidant enzymes may lead to the improvement of the hyperglycemic state after the administration of antioxidants (silymarin and Eclipta alba extract). 3- Silymarin and Eclipta alba extract delayed the incidence of obesity-induced diabetes mellitus in normal and obese rats due to its ability to protect both the liver and the pancreas against free radicals that were produced by the elevated FFAs levels. 4- Silymarin and Eclipta alba extract in combination have more potent protective effect than each one alone and than that of metformin.

[Ghada, M. Elhady Ahmed; Salah, A. Ghareib and M. Abdel-Aal. Mohamed. Protective Effect of Eclipta Alba Extract, Silymarin and their Combination Against Obesity Induce Insulin Resistance and Hyperglycemia In Rats.  New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):86-97]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.15

Keywords: Eclipta Alba; Silymarin; diabetes mellitus; Obesity.

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Noise pollution implications of base transceiver stations of telecommunication industries in Nigerian.

O.B. Okedere¹, F. Elehinafe²

¹College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria.

²Department of Chemical Engineering, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Corresponding author: E-mail: okederetunjib@yahoo.com, phone: +234 - 8069057019

Abstract: The present study investigated the impact of diesel fueled generators used at base transceiver stations of telecommunication industries on the day and night time noise levels in the vicinity of residential buildings located around the base stations. The average noise levels were obtained as arithmetic mean of the maximum and minimum noise levels measured with EXTECH 407735. During each sampling the EXTECH instrument was positioned on a flat surface to minimize vibrations and switched on. Results showed that the average noise levels in the residential areas around the base stations exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended levels of 55 dB (A) and 40 dB (A) for day and night time, respectively. The average day time noise level of 43.6 dB (A) around the solar energy powered base station was however below WHO level. Siting of base stations within residential areas should be discouraged or alternative energy sources be considered.

[O.B. Okedere, F. Elehinafe. Noise pollution implications of base transceiver stations of telecommunication industries in Nigerian. New York Science Journal 2011;4(9):98-101]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040911.16

Key words: Noise pollution, base transceiver stations, telecommunication industry, diesel generator

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