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Inhibition of Cell Adhesion and Protein Adsorption onto Biomaterial Titanium by Polyethylene glycol

N.C. Nwokem^1,*, C.O. Nwokem², J.A. Lori¹, E.J. Ekanem¹.

1. Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

2. National Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Basawa-Zaria, Nigeria.

*Corresponding Author: nsi19@yahoo.com

Abstract: Biofuctions are required for metals placed in the vicinity of stenotic blood vessels. While compatibility is desired, dilation of blood or prevention of the adhesion of platelets is most important in the circumstance. Biomaterial grade titanium was coated with polyethylene glycol for the studies of cell adhesion and fibrinogen adsorption. The uncoated titanium oxide surface showed a significantly high cell adhesion and fibrinogen adsorption. While for the coated titanium oxide surface, cell adhesion and protein adsorption was very low. The polyethylene glycol coated titanium oxide surface can be deployed prevent surface biofouling by proteins like fibrinogen. This inhibition of protein adsorption prevents tissue growth allowing sliding movements at stenotic blood vessels.

[N.C. Nwokem, C.O. Nwokem, J.A. Lori, E.J. Ekanem. Inhibition of Cell Adhesion and Protein Adsorption onto Biomaterial Titanium by Polyethylene glycol. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):1-4]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.01

Keywords: Inhibition; Cell Adhesion; Protein Adsorption; Titanium; Polyethylene glycol

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Colume Chromatographic Separation of Fe (III) at Trace Levels in Various Synthetic Binary Mixtures by Cation – Exchange Resin Impregnated with Neutral Red Dye

Asrar G. El-Said

Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Girls branch), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt B.O.Box, 11754. asrargoma @yahoo.com

Abstract: A solid phase extraction (SPE) method was developed for the quantitative separation of trace amounts of Fe(III) from synthetic binary mixtures of Pb(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Mn(II) and Co(II). The cation-exchange resin Lewatite S100 has been modified by adsorption on neutral red dye at pH 3.0+0.5. Binary separations of important metal ions were achieved on the basis of their distribution coefficient (K_d) values when chromatographed with different mobile phases at room temperature. The values of separation factor (α) and recovery( %) were evaluated by batch technique for predicting the conditions for the possible separations on column in presence of different mobile phase.

[Asrar G. El-Said. Colume Chromatographic Separation of Fe(III) at Trace Levels in Various Synthetic Binary Mixtures by Cation–Exchange Resin Impregnated with Neutral Red Dye THD. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):5-13]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.02

Key words: modified Lewatite S100, distribution coefficient,quantitative separation,selectivity,recovery (%)

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Incidence And Intensity Of Powdery Mildew Fungi On The Plants Of Papilionaceae

Riyaz Ahmad Mir, Abdul Hamid Wani, Mohd. Yaqub Bhat, Taskeen-Un- Nisa and Shauket Ahmad Pala

Section of Plant Pathology and Mycology, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar , India 190006. Email: myaqub35@gmail.com

Abstract: Powdery mildew fungi have been known to cause heavy loss to various crops every year through out India and across the world. Keeping this in view, a thorough survey was carried out in four districts of Kashmir valley, viz. Kupwara, Baramulla, Srinagar and Anantnag in order to assess the incidence and severity of the disease on some plants of family Papilionaceae. It was revealed from the study that the plants such as Phaseolus aconitifolis, Phaseolus aureus, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum and Robina pseudoaccacia showed moderate to mild infection in different localities of Kupwara and Baramulla whereas P. aconitifolis, P. aurens, P. vulgaris and P. sativum showed mild infection in different localities of district Kupwara, Baramulla, Srinagar and Anantnag during the study. However, no infection was observed in some areas of the valley on plants of Papilionaceae surveyed during the study. The overall study reveals the need for the management strategies at the early stage before the disease can spread widely.

[Riyaz Ahmad Mir, Abdul Hamid Wani, Mohd. Yaqub Bhat, Taskeen-Un- Nisa and Shauket Ahmad Pala. Incidence And Intensity Of Powdery Mildew Fungi On The Plants Of Papilionaceae. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):14-20]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.03

Key words: Powdery mildew; severity; incidence; Papilionaceae; Kashmir valley.

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Optimal Facility Location on Spherical Surfaces: Algorithm and Application

Jovin J. Mwemezi, Youfang Huang

Logistics Research Center, Shanghai Maritime University

1550 Pudong Avenue, Shanghai, 200135 China. mwemezijm@yahoo.com

Abstract: Fundamental to optimal location of facility is some measure of point-to-point distances. Distance measurements used in facility location are predominantly based on Rectilinear and Euclidean distances. This paper presents “great circle distance” which represents the shortest path for distance modeling and optimal facility location on spherical surface. Great circle distances takes into consideration the geometrical reality of the spherical Earth and offers an alternative to widely held notion that travel over water can be exactly modelled by Euclidean distances. The need for geometrical presentation of the spherical earth becomes very relevant when we take into consideration an ever increasing facility location at sea where great circle travel can be practised. Facilities being located at sea include oil rigs, mobile drilling units and dynamically positioned units. The use of “Great circle distances” opens up another avenue for convergence of Navigation and Spherical Trigonometry into advancement of logistics and facility location. In this paper an evaluation of single facility location using great circle distances is used to demonstrate the application of the concept.

[Jovin J. Mwemezi, Youfang Huang. Optimal Facility Location on Spherical Surfaces: Algorithm and Application. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):21-28]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.04

Key words: Facility Location, Great Circle Distance, Spherical Surface, Logistics, Distribution system

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Incidence of Pancreatitis in Failed Versus Successful ERCP And the Possible Benefit of Pancreatic Duct Stenting in High Risk Cases. Prospective Randomized Study

*Wael Safwat, Amgad Anas, Emad Abdel Raouf, Ayman Abdel Aziz and Mohamed Abu EL-Ezz

Hepatogastroenterology Dept., Theodor Bilharz Research Institute (TBRI) Giza – Egypt

*waelsafwat@yahoo.com

Abstract: Introduction: Pancreatitis is the most common complication after ERCP. The reported incidence ranges from 1% to 24%, depending on the study population, the endoscopic procedure, and disease definitions. Objectives: The study had two objectives. The first was to assess the incidence of post ERCP pancreatitis in cases of failed biliary access after manipulation of the pancreatic duct with multiple cannulations, dye injection and/or guide wire cannulation. The second objective was assess the benefit of pancreatic duct stenting in high risk cases especially those with failed biliary access and had pancreatic duct manipulation in cases with calcular obstructive jaundice. Methods: This is a prospective randomized study which included 50 patients presented with calcular obstructive jaundice, all patients diagnosed with malignant obstructive jaundice or had a previous attempt of ERCP were all excluded. Patients who had more than 10 attempts of CBD cannulation which ended with pancreatic duct cannulation were all randomized for pancreatic duct stenting using closed envelops. Results: A total of 50 cases were included in the study. The study included 28 females and 22 males with a mean age of 50 years. The indication of ERCP was due to calcular obstructive jaundice in all 50 (100%) patients. The overall incidence of post ERCP pancreatitis was 7/50 (14%), mild pancreatitis in 5 cases and moderate in 2 patients, none of the patients had severe pancreatitis. Females had an overall incidence of pancreatitis of 14.3% while males had an incidence of 13.4 %. Conclusions: Incidence of pancreatitis is more in cases with failed biliary drainage. Pancreatic duct stenting after manipulation of the pancreatic duct is safe and successful in decreasing the incidence of post ERCP pancreatitis whether it was successful or not to drain the biliary system.

 [Wael Safwat, Amgad Anas, Emad Abdel Raouf, Ayman Abdel Aziz and Mohamed Abu EL-Ezz. Incidence of Pancreatitis in Failed Versus Successful Ercp Andthe Possible Benefit of Pancreatic Duct Stenting in High Risk Cases. Prospective Randomized Study. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):29-32]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.05

Keywords: Post ERCP pancreatitis – Pancreatic duct stenting

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Frequency of a Toxoplasma Circulating Antigen and Hepatitis C Virus Antigen in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Attallah A.M. ^*1, El-Waseef A.M.² and Waly Basma M.¹

¹Research and Development Dept., Biotechnology Research Center, New Damietta City, Egypt

 ²Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt

^*amattallah@hotmail.com

Abstract: It is known that toxoplasmosis rarely leads to various liver pathologies. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients are subject to a variety of cellular as well as humoral immunity disorders. Also, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is now recognized to be a major risk factor for HCC which triggers tolerance breakdown in specific conditions. It is aimed in this study to investigate the frequency of toxoplasmosis in patients with HCC. Serum samples from 134 HCC patients undergoing surgery and 205 samples from asymptomatic individuals were used for screening of HCV antigen and Toxoplasma antigen (Toxo-Ag) using ELISA. 96 out of 134 serum samples (72%) of HCC patients and 51 out of 205 serum samples of asymptomatic individuals (25%) were positive for HCV antigen. 36 KDa Toxoplasma antigen was purified from sera of HCC patients using electroelution technique and quantified in serum samples. A dose-response curve was constructed to estimate Toxo-Ag in serum samples and the cutoff level was set at 1.35 ng/ml. Of the 96 HCC patients associated with chronic HCV infection, 52 (54.2%) were Toxo-Ag positive. However, of the 38 HCC patients non-infected with HCV, 14 (36.8%) were positive for Toxo-Ag. 10 out of the 51 (19.7%) asymptomatic individuals positive for HCV-Ag were positive for Toxo-Ag . Also, 30 out of the 154 (19.5%) asymptomatic individuals negative for HCV-Ag were positive for Toxo-Ag. A positive significant correlation was found between the concentration of Toxo-Ag and HCV-Ag in patients with HCC. There is a new lethal coinfection of HCV and Toxoplasma; each may accelerates the course of the other.

[Attallah A.M., Basma.M.W.and El-Waseef AM. Frequency of a Toxoplasma Circulating Antigen and Hepatitis C Virus Antigen in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):33-39]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.06

Key words: Hepatitis C virus, Toxoplasma antigen, Hepatocelluler carcinoma

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Advanced computing in industrial Automation

Saurabh Saxena¹ and Rajeev Kumar²

¹Assistant Professor &Head of Department

Department of Computer Science, Indraprastha Institute of technology

Gajraula (J.P Nagar) India

²Computer Science Department, College of Engineering

 Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad (U.P.) India

ABSTRACT: The fundamental problem of every industry that they need more human power for their work such that to handling machine, carry item from one machine to another machine. the Grid research and development community is seeking to solve is how to coordinate distributed resources amongst a dynamic set of individuals and organizations in order to solve a common collaborative goal. The problem of service discovery in a Grid environment arises through the heterogeneity, distribution and sharing of the resources in different virtual organizations. This paper proposes a service discovery framework which is based on Automation. It gives an example of the industrial automation to reduce the man power.

[Saurabh Saxena, Rajeev Kumar. Advanced Computing in Industrial Automation. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):40-44]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.07

KEY WORDS: Advanced computing in industrial automation

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Seroprevalence of Glypican-3 (GPC3) in patients with pancreatic, gastric and esophageal cancers

Ahmed S. Sh.^*1, Ola A.¹, Ahmed E. ^2, and Mohammed A.¹

¹ Gastroenterology center, Faculty of Medicine Mansoura University, Egypt

² Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt

^*a_shehatta@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: Glypican-3 (GPC3) is a member of the glypican family of heparan-sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs), which are linked to the cell surface through a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchor. The present work was suggested to use the ELISA technique, based on monoclonal antibody (GPC3 – mAb), to identify and quantify the GPC3 levels in serum samples from patients with pancreatic, stomach and esophageal cancers. Obtained results revealed that there was a highly significant difference in GPC3 levels between pancreatic cancer patients and healthy individuals. Positive GPC3 samples were detected in 35 out of 40 pancreatic cancer samples with a sensitivity 87.5% and specificity 100 % compared to healthy individual samples while the overall accuracy of the test was 90.7%. Results revealed also that there was no significant difference in the levels of serum AFP between pancreatic cancer patients and controls. A significant difference in serum GPC3 levels was also found between pancreatic cancer patients and gastric cancer patients. GPC3 protein might be over expressed in patients with pancreatic cancer with subsequent release into blood circulation enabling its assay using the noninvasive ELISA technique that optimized based on specific monoclonal antibody (GPC3 – mAb). In conclusion; GPC3 is more sensitive tumor marker and can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for pancreatic cancer and it is preferred as a tumor marker than the classical tumor marker AFP.

[Ahmed S. Sh., Ola A., Ahmed E.^, and Mohammed A. Seroprevalence of Glypican-3 (GPC3) in patients with pancreatic, gastric and esophageal cancers. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):45-50]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.08

Keywords: Glypican-3, pancreatic, gastric, esophageal, cancer

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Assessing Different methods in distance education

¹Mojtaba Sadighi and ²Mehran Bozorgmanesh

1, 2Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, Iran

*Corresponding author: sharif11070@yahoo.com

Abstract: High front-end costs prevented an early widespread adoption of electronically mediated learning. Distance learning has been aggressively adopted in many areas because it can meet specific educational needs. As the concept of accountability became accepted and laws required certain courses in high school in order for students to be admitted to state colleges, telecommunications was examined as a way to provide student access to the required courses. Many rural school districts could not afford the special teachers to conduct required courses. Distance education met this need by providing courses in schools where teachers were not available or were too costly to provide for a few students. It also fulfilled a need for teacher training and staff development in locations where experts and resources were difficult to obtain. These systems link learner communities with each other and bring a wide array of experts and information to the classroom. Enjoying and giving publicity to any of technological tools with the aim to facilitate and accelerate the training process, as well as increase the quality and quantity of knowledge quality and knowledge of a serious intelligence community needs to integrate and standardize the educational system society. Hence, considering the position and role of education in the third millennium on the basis of ICT is also a serious approach to the topic with the knowledge community centered on learning and general trends of technological tools to enjoy much of the information and Find the appropriate place in the information society Third Millennium That actually can be a global community and is without limit is undeniable-and-run. Guidance and therefore move in the direction of society should be education and technology for comprehensive pandemic done. Considering the above definitions and with the knowledge and attitudes towards the third millennium and the desirability and some weaknesses in the achievement of certain standards and dynamic structures in order to achieve a knowledge based society, there is. In the present circumstances to provide our information infrastructure development and integration inevitably link the elements and tools that they are as indicators of technology education and technology education will be remembered. In the new context of combining these two indicators comes to training facilities and a variety of tools that will provide guidance and development in information will be very effective.

[Mojtaba Sadighi and Mehran Bozorgmanesh. Assessing Different methods in distance education. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):51-55]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.09

Keywords: distance education, educational methods

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Distance learning in agriculture education

¹Mehran Bozorgmanesh and ² Mojtaba Sadighi

1, 2 Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, Iran

*Corresponding author: mehran11070@yahoo.com

Abstract: According to the information in the development of any society should take half of the world to progress until the necessary coordination and synchronization global developments so as to accept the design structure of a knowledge-based society have a special place for the University and respect the role of education and technology was In designing a model with global standards of dynamism and flexibility at first be necessary to select a sample that the facilities and communications needed for this purpose provide action and then determine optimal cognitive deficiencies than Hammett and weaknesses push. No doubt the experiences of implementing these standards and to develop troubleshooting information using technological tools would be much more economical. That if we develop a range of information from a city university level and conduct more successful we'll be more acceptable was. Because the utilization and application tools and step up the information they've been successful. Therefore the most important first step needed to coordinate and synchronize technology education and educational technology standards and capability in the high user acceptability of the world is also enjoyed. Historically, most distance education courses were vocational in nature, but today courses are offered for academic, professional, and avocational purposes for students of all ages. There are numerous specialized programs, such as those for blind persons and for parents of small children with hearing impairments. Distance education is available in practically any field, from accounting to zoology. Courses are offered in gemology, high school diploma, journalism, lock smiting, child day care management, yacht design, and many fascinating subjects. Distance education courses also vary greatly in scope, level, and length. Some have a few assignments and require only a few months to complete, while others have a hundred or more lesson assignments requiring three or four years of conscientious study.

[Mehran Bozorgmanesh and Mojtaba Sadighi. Distance learning in agriculture education. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):56-60]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.10

Keywords: Distance Learning, Distance education

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Application of ICT in distance education

Alireza Talkhabi

Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, Iran

*Corresponding author: fereshteh12150@yahoo.com

Abstract: The background of distance education to mid-nineteenth century dates. Pioneers in America and Europe of the best distance learning technologies for training that day, took advantage. For example: mailing system for creating educational opportunities for those able to go to regular schools were not interested in science education, but had been used. Of course at that time most of those who took advantage of this type of Physically Handicapped facilities, women allowed to attend the classes along with men who did not have a. Location is N. There was a school; were. One of the pioneers in this field English personal name was Isaac Pitman. His short-term training through correspondence and the correspondence began in 1840 in England. Students were required to read the Bible a part of written questions and answers raised by Pittman to get a good score should return by mail. Challenges which faced the early users of distance education are still with us today. If distance education is to play a greater role in improving the quality of education, it will require expanded technology; more linkages between schools, higher education, and the private sector; and more teachers who use technology well. Teachers must be involved in planning the systems, trained to use the tools they provide, and given the flexibility to revise their teaching. Federal and state regulations will need revision to ensure a more flexible and effective use of technology. Connections have been established across geographic, instructional, and institutional boundaries which provide opportunities for collaboration and resource sharing among many groups In the pooling of students and teachers, distance learning reconfigures the classroom which no longer is bounded by the physical space of the school, district, state or nation.

[Alireza Talkhabi. Application of ICT in distance education.New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):61-64]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.11

Keywords: ICT, distance education

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The role of credit in empowerment of rural women

Maryam Abarashi

Damavand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damavand, Iran

E-mail: khaterehsiyar@yahoo.com

Abstract: rural woman helps to prepare farm , then she plows , harvests , does weeding and transplants , does milking and also acts as shepherd , weaves carpet , tries to make tools and handicrafts , bakes bread , cooks , does housekeeping duties , fetches water from water sources and from distances , fetches firewood , cares children , spins wool and makes curd , buttermilk , yogurt , butter and oil . In addition to all these, she is mother and family supervisor too. In spite of that rural women in developing countries are producer of about 80% of foods and responsible of supervising of about 30% of rural families, but their activities wasn’t considered as economic activity and simply are removed from agriculture and rural development programs. Base on formal existing statistics, women form about 31% of agriculture active workforce in developing countries. While, informal and local statistics, estimate number of working women at agriculture part more than formal statistics. In Egypt, base on formal statistic, rural women’s activity has been reported about 36 %. While local statistic represents between 35 to 50%. Base on formal statistic at many African countries (e.g. Congo) women’s share at preparing labor workforce at agriculture part is 60% but base on informal statistics, above share is reported 80%. This statistical difference exists at most developing countries. In addition to aforementioned substances, it is possible to mention women’s share of active force at agriculture part as follow.

[Maryam Abarashi. The role of credit in empowerment of rural women.New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):65-68]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.12

Keywords: empowerment, rural women, credit

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The Decision tree Mode for Prediction the Response to the Treatment in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C

M. Hassan¹; M. I. Abdalla²; S. R. Ahmed¹; W. Akil³; G. Esmat³; S.Khamis¹; M. ElHefnawi¹

¹ Systems and Information Department, Engineering Division, National Research Center; Cairo, Egypt

²Electronics and Communication Department Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt

3 Hepatology Department, Cairo University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt

engmarwa_3@yahoo.com; maddalla13356@hotmail.com; mahef@aucegypt.edu; shaimaa.tarek07@yahoo.com

Abstract: Interferon plus Ribavirin is the standard treatment for chronic hepatitis C is often accompanied by adverse side effects and unfortunately fails in almost half of cases. The ability to predict such failures previous to treatment could save a great deal of pain and expense for the patient with HCV. Decision tree with CART classification algorithm was developed to forecast response to therapy with 200 chronic hepatitis C patients. The data was divided where 150 cases were used to create the classifier and 50 cases for validation. HAI (hepatitis activity index), Fibrosis, ALT, age, and Gender were used as predictors for response of therapy. The overall classification error was 20% and 80% was the best accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were 0.80, 0.89% and 78%, respectively were results from validation stage as the following, true cases are 40 from 50 (total number of validation cases) and false cases 10 (represent error 20%). This model will help the physicians to build a decision before patient undergo treatment.

[M. Hassan; M. I. Abdalla; S. R. Ahmed; W. Akil; G. Esmat; S.Khamis; M. ElHefnaw. The Decision tree Mode for Prediction the Response to the Treatment in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C. New York Science Journal 2011; 4(7): 69-79]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.13

Keywords: Data mining; Decision tree; HCV; Virological response; Peg-interferon

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Inhibitory effect of essential oils on the growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. the causal organism of leaf spot disease of Murraya koenigii L

MIDHILA PADMAN and JANARDHANA G R*

Mycology and Phytopathology Laboratory, Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570 006, Karanataka-India

Tel. Phone : +91-821-2419763; Fax: + 91-821-2419759

*Corresponding Address: E mail: grjbelur@gmail.com

Abstract: Six essential oils viz., clove, cedarwood, lemongrass, peppermint, eucalyptus, citronella and neem oils were tested for their inhibitory effect on spore germination, growth of germ tube and mycelial growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolated from Murraya koenigii. All essential oils inhibited the germination and growth of germ tube at different concentrations. However, significant reduction in colony growth was observed with Citrus, Lemongrass and Peppermint oils at 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm concentrations respectively. Citrus oil at 1360ppm inhibited the maximum growth of the test fungus followed by Lemongrass oil at 1720ppm and peppermint at 2260ppm respectively. The effect of essential oils on mycelial dry weight showed that there is significant effect on growth of the fungi. The study revealed the possibility of some of these essential oils for the management of leaf spot disease of Murraya koenigii.

[MIDHILA PADMAN and JANARDHANA G R. nhibitory effect of essential oils on the growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. the causal organism of leaf spot disease of Murraya koenigii. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):80-84]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.14

Key words: Murraya koenigii; leaf spot disease; essential oils, inhibitory effect; Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

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El-Waseef, A.M.¹; Kishk, Mona, M.²; Attallah A.M. ²

¹Chemistry Dept., Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt.

²Research & Development Dept., Biotechnology Research Center, New Damietta City, Egypt.

mona_kishk80@hotmail.com

Abstract: Hepatitis C virus infection is the leading cause of advanced liver disease. The prevalence rates of infection range from 0.5-2% in the developed ‎world, through 6.5% in parts of equatorial Africa, to as high as 20% in ‎Egypt. Nitric Oxide is a short-living biological mediator generated ‎from L-arginine by NO synthase (NOS) and it ‎possesses a wide range of physiological functions. The present study aimed at the determination of NO levels in sera of HCV- infected patients compared with its levels in sera of non-infected individuals. 250 serum samples from patients with different liver affections were screened for HCV infection including anti-HCV antibodies (HCV-Ab) and HCV antigen (HCV-Ag) using ELISA technique in addition to 30 serum samples from healthy individuals as negative controls. The Detection of anti- HCV-Ab revealed that 150 serum samples are positive. In addition, a total of 30 healthy individuals were negative for anti–HCV Ab. The detection of HCV-Ag revealed that 129 serum sample were HCV-Ag positive while all controls were negative for HCV-Ag. All 129 individuals showing positive anti-HCV and HCV-Ag were classified histopathologicaly into 3 groups: non-cirrhotic liver (n=70), cirrhotic liver (n=23) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (n=36). HCV-Ag was detected in non-cirrhotic patients, cirrhotic and HCC patients with detection rate 96%, 74% and 94% respectively. In non-cirrhotic patients serum NO was detected in a rate of 91.4%, in cirrhotic patients the rate was 91.3% and in HCC patients it was detected in a rate of 63.8% .There were statistically significant differences between the mean NO concentrations of the different pathological classifications of the liver disorders compared to that of the control group. A significant correlation was shown between the NO levels and the HCV-Ag levels in sera of HCV patients with different pathological classification of liver disorders. It is concluded that the elevated serum NO level accompanies HCV-infection and correlates well with active viral infection indicated by high HCV-Ag levels.

[El-Waseef, A.M.; Kishk, Mona, M.; Attallah A.M. Nitric Oxide Levels in Sera of HCV-Infected Subjects. New York Science Journal 2011;4(3):85-91]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.15

Key words: Nitric Oxide, Hepatitis C virus, ELISA, HCV-Ag levels, ‎Egypt.

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Abstract:Methyl mercury chloride is a xenobiotic metal that is a highly deleterious environmental pollutant. The biotransformation of mercuric chloride (HgCl₂) into methyl mercury chloride (CH₃HgCl) in aquatic environments is well-known and humans are exposed by consumption of contaminated fish, shellfish and algae. The genotoxicity induced by mercury compounds remains controversial. Therefore we have investigated the genotoxic effect of methyl mercury chloride (MMC; CH₃HgCl) at two concentrations (100, and 1000 μg/L) and the role of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) at a single concentration of (9.734 mm) on MMC-treated short-term human lymphocyte cultures. We assessed the chromosomal aberrations (CAS), sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and COMET assay in control and MMC-treated lymphocyte cultures with and without Vitamin C supplementation. The results showed that MMC has increased the frequency of CAS and SCE/cell in a dose-dependent manner than control values. CH₃HgCl also, induced DNA damage in determined by COMET assay. These effects were prevented by the addition of Vitamin C to MMC-treated lymphocyte cultures. Data revealed that, mutagenic activity of MMC and the protective role of Vitamin C on mercury compounds-induced genotoxicity in human lymphocyte cultures is probably due to its strong antioxidant and nucleophilic nature.

 [Rania, M. A. Abdel Kader, Elkholy, Y.M., Helmy, N.A., Eltoukhy, S.E., Kayed, H.F. Alkyl Mercury chloride compounds-induced genotoxicity in human blood cultures and corrective role of Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C). New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):92-104]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.16

Key words: Alkyl mercury chloride compounds, Mutagenic activity, Geneotoxcity, Carcinogenic effect, COMET assay, Ascorbic acid, Anticlastogenic effect.

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Relationship between adjustment and Academic achievement among Adolescence Students

Armin Mahmoudi

Assistant Professor, Department of Studies in Education, Yasouj branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasouj, Iran. Email: dehlidena@yahoo.com, phone: 00989177430926

Abstract: In the present study an attempt is made to assess the relationship between adjustment and academic achievement among adolescents studying in class 9 in Shiraz city. A total of 100 adolescent students studying in Shiraz city were randomly selected. They were administered Bell’s Adjustment Inventory (1968) which measured adjustment of an individual in 4 areas (Home, health, social and emotional). Academic achievement scores were collected from the respective schools. One-way ANOVA was employed to find out the significance of difference between students with different levels of adjustment in various areas and their academic achievement scores. Results revealed that only home adjustment had significant influence over academic achievement. Emotional, social and health adjustments did not have significant influence over academic achievement of the sample studied.

[Armin Mahmoudi^. Relationship between adjustment and Academic achievement among Adolescence Students. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):105-108]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.17

Key words: Adjustment, Adolescence, Academic achievement, Emotional, social, health

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GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKS FED VARYING LEVELS OF ENERGY AND PROTEIN DIETS UNDER SINGLE VERSUS DOUBLE PHASE FEEDING

Aremu.A, T.Z. Adama, E.L. Shiawoya and B.A. Ayanwale

School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology

Department of Animal Production, Federal Univeristy of Technology, Minna, Nigeria.

Corresponding Author’s e-mail address: aremuayo52@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: A total of 240 days old broiler chicks were randomly divided into ten treatment groups of 24 birds per group with each group replicated twice. Nine of the ten groups were fed single phase diets of varying protein and energy levels, while the tenth which was the control was fed the two stage diets (0-5 weeks starter phase, and 6 – 8 weeks finisher phase). A 3 x 4 – 2 factorial design which was an adaptation of 3x4 factorial design was used in this experiment. Feed and water were served ad libitum throughout the duration (0-8 weeks) of the experimental period. All necessary vaccinations and preventive medication were carried out at various periods of the experiment. The parameters measured in this experiment were body weight, body weight gain, feed intake and feed to gain ratio. Data were analysed with the aid of a computer package SPSS for windows, version 11.0 (2000). Results showed that birds on low protein-high energy diet (T7) had the least values in most of these parameters measured. Birds on low protein-medium energy (T8) and high protein-low energy (T3) diets performed best in these parameters. Diets T8 and T3 were therefore recommended as the best to be used under the single phase feeding system.

[Aremu.A, T.Z. Adama, E.L. Shiawoya and B.A. Ayanwale. GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKS FED VARYING LEVELS OF ENERGY AND PROTEIN DIETS UNDER SINGLE VERSUS DOUBLE PHASE FEEDING. New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):109-114]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.18

Keywords: chick; bird; diet; vaccination; feed

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COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RAINFALL FORECASTING MODELS

Mohita Anand Sharma¹ and Jai Bhagwan Singh²

1. Research Scholar,

2. Seinor Professor Statistics.

Department of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Basic and Applied Science, Shobhit University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, 250110, India.

Email: mohita_anand@rediffmail.com 

Key words: Rainfall Data, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), Artificial Neural Network (ANN)

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Effects of Casein Hydrolysates and Glutamine on Callus and Somatic Embryogenesis of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.).

Sara Ageel and Khaled Elmeer

Biotechnology Centre, Ministry of Environment Doha Qatar. elmeer@gmail.com.

Abstract: This study was conducted to examine the effect of glutamine and casein concentrations on callus growth and somatic embryogenesis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). Explant derived from offshoot tip was cultured on MS medium containing four different macro nutrients and different concentrations of casein and glutamine. The type and concentration of amino acid significantly affected the size and differentiation of date palm explant. As concentration increases the size and differentiation decreases up to 40% especially with casein, while 3gl^-1 casein increase the callus weight up to 80g comparing with control which gave 20g. The best result of somatic embryos per treatment achieved with half macro nutrient medium supplemented with 3gl^-1 casein This study provides an insight into the importance of optimizing various culture medium and amino acid components to overcome in vitro recalcitrance of date palm.

[Sara Ageel and Khaled Elmeer. Effects of Casein Hydrolysates and Glutamine on Callus and Somatic Embryogenesis of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). New York Science Journal 2011;4(7):121-125]. (ISSN: 1554-0200). http://www.sciencepub.net/newyork.

doi:10.7537/marsnys040711.20

Key words: Callus; somatic embryogenesis; tissue culture; glutamine and casein

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