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New York Science Journal
Volume 3 -
Number 4 (Cumulated No. 14); April 1, ISSN 1554-0200
Cover (online),
Cover (print), Introduction,
Contents, Call for
Papers, All papers in one file
Welcome to send your manuscript(s)
to: newyorksci@gmail.com.
CONTENTS
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No.
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Titles / Authors
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1
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Effect of Cocoa Pod Ash,
NPK Fertilizer and their Combinations on Soil Chemical
Properties and Yield of Tomato (lycopersicon lycopersicum)
on Two Soil Types
Ayeni L.S
University of agriculture,
Department of Soil and Land Management, Abeokuta, Nigeria
E mail: leye_sam@yahoo.com
Abstract: Field experiments were conducted in
September 2006 and March 2007 on two soil types loamy
sand (Ondo town) and clay soil (Bagbe town) in forest zone,
southwest Nigeria to study the effect of cocoa pod ash (0, 5
and 10 t ha-1), NPK 20:10:10 fertilizer (0, 150 and
300 kg ha-1) and cocoa pod ash rates combined with
150 kg ha-1 NPK 20:10:10 fertilizer on soil chemical
properties, plant nutrient content, growth and fruit yield of
tomato. Mean data for 2006 and 2007 were use to compare the
treatment means. The treatments were arranged on randomized
complete block design and replicated three times. The
experiment was repeated in the second year on the same
locations. The soil at Ondo was deficient in soil OM, N, P, K,
Ca and Mg while Bagbe was fairly adequate for crop production.
Cocoa pod ash combined with NPK fertilizer significantly
(p<0.05) increased soil OM, P, K, Ca, and Mg than single
application of cocoa pod ash and NPK 20:10:10. Fertilizer
combinations also increased plant N, P and K at the two locations
than single application of cocoa pod ash and NPK fertilizer
significantly. 10 t ha-1 of cocoa pod ash combined
with 150 kg ha-1 of NPK fertilizer gave the highest
fruit yield at the two locations (89 % for Bagbe and 110 % for
Ondo). The combined application of cocoa pod ash with reduced
level of NPK fertilizer was more effective in increasing soil
nutrients and fruit yield of tomato than cocoa pod ash and NPK
fertilizer applied individually in loamy sand and clay loam.
The trend in the yield showed that loamy sand utilized cocoa
pod ash applied alone or combined with NPK fertilizer more than
clay loam [New York
Science Journal 2010;
3(4):1-11) (ISSN 1554 – 0200)
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.01
Key words: integration, nutrient, uptake, yield
component
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2
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Effects of Organic,
Organomineral and NPK Fertilizer Treatments on Fresh And Dry
Matter Yield of Amaranthus Cruentus L On Soil
Types in Lagos, Nigeria
*1Makinde
E.A.,1Oluwa O.K., 1Oke,A.O and2Duyile
P.O
*2Department
of Botany, Lagos State University, Ojo Lagos, Nigeria
ABSTRACT: Field experiment was conducted at
two locations in Lagos State, Ikorodu (Orthic Luvisol) and
Lagos State (LASU) Ojo Campus (Dystric Fluvisol) to
investigation the effects of organic, organomineral and NPK
fertilizer treatments on the yield of Amaranthus
cruentus L. Eight fertilizer treatments: Control (no
fertilizer), Pacesetter’s Grade B (PGB) 100 %, PGB + NPK
(75:25), PGB + NPK (50:50), Kola Pod Husk (KPH) 100 %, KPH +
NPK (75:25), KPH + NPK (50:50) and NPK (100 %). Residual
effects of fertilizers were assessed in the second and third
planting periods. All the experiments were arranged in a
randomized complete block design in four replications.
Parameters assessed include plant height, number of leaves
fresh and Dry Matter Yield (DMY). Data were
analyzed using ANOVA. The yields obtained were in the order of
KPH + NPK (75:25) > PGB + NPK (75:25) > KPH (100 %) >
PGB + NPK (50:50) > KPH + NPK (50:50) > PGB (100%) >
NPK (100%) > control. Compared to the control, application
of KPH + NPK (75:25) and PGB + NPK (75:25) had significantly
(p< 0.05) higher DMY (200.1 % and 250.2 %) at Ikorodu and
LASU respectively. This was because soils in Ikorodu (sandy
clay loam) have high retentive capacity ) than that of LASU
(sandy loam). At Ikorodu, KPH + NPK (75:25) was the best while
at LASU, PGB + NPK (75:25) was optimum. [New York Science
Journal 2010;3(4):12-17]
(ISSN 1554 – 0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.02
Keywords: Amaranthus cruentus, fresh yield, dry matter yield
organomineral fertilizer,soil type
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3
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Microbiology and
Proximate Composition of ‘Ogiri’, A Pastry Produced
From Different Melon Seeds
*David, Oluwole Moses and Aderibigbe, Esther Yemisi
Department of Microbiology, University of Ado-Ekiti,
Nigeria
davidgenerationng@yahoo.com
Abstract: The total bacterial
load in fermented Cucumeropsis
manii (Naud); Citrullus
lanatus (L) and Colocynthis
vulgaris (Schrad) ranged from 2.12 x 108 to 2.15
x 108; 1.35 x 108 to 2.00 x 1010
and 2.05 x 108 to 2.10 x 1010 cfu/g
respectively. Six bacterial species were isolated from the
fermented products which were tentatively identified to belong
to the genera: Bacillus,
Micrococcus, Leuconostoc, Streptococcus, Pediococcus and Lactobacillus. The
proximate composition of both fermented and unfermented samples
of the three melon seeds were determined. Results showed that
unfermented samples had higher amounts of dry matter (91.9 to
93.4g/mg) and crude fiber (2.61 to 3.85g/100g) than
corresponding fermented products. The ash content decreased in
the fermented samples, except in Colocynthis vulgaris. Fermented samples had higher
amounts of moisture and carbohydrate; a higher pH and
titratable acidity during fermentation. Potassium was the
predominant mineral in the samples. It ranged between 1075.00
and 1834.42 mg/100g of dried fermented samples. The fermented
products were challenged with four pathogenic organisms: Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella sp. The
results indicated a prebiotic potential of freshly-fermented
‘ogiri’ against some of the pathogens. [New York
Science Journal. 2010;3(4):18-27]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.03
Key words: Proximate
composition, pathogens, melon seeds, ‘ogiri’,
fermentation, prebiotic
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4
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Process Data Analytical Method for
Comparative Assessment and Determination of Limits of Viability
of Various Experimental Techniques Applied
Chukwuka Ikechukwu
Nwoye
Department of
Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Federal University of
Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. chikeyn@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Process data analysis has been carried out to comparatively
assess and determine the limits of viability of various
experimental techniques applied. The analytical method used;
DIGREP analysis, shows that the adoption of any technique for
application in materials processing depends on the quantity and
quality of the output expected. DIGREP analysis shows that all
techniques have specific limits at which each is most viable
and the associated output best guaranteed. [New York Science
Journal. 2010;3(4):28-32]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.04
Keywords: Process Data Analysis, Comparative
Assessment, Limits of Viability, Experimental Techniques.
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5
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Effect of Water-Steam Transition
Temperature on the Evaporation
of Water and Shrinkage of Clay during Oven Drying of
Clays
Chukwuka Ikechukwu
Nwoye
Department of
Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Federal University of
Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. chikeyn@yahoo.com
Abstract: The effect of water-steam transition
temperature on the evaporation of water and shrinkage of clay
during oven drying of clays has been studied. The investigation
was carried out over a range of drying temperature and time;
80-1100C and 30-130 minutes respectively. The
results of the investigation indicate that evaporation of water
and shrinkage of clays are lowest at the water-steam transition
temperature (1000C) compared to drying temperatures:
80, 90 and 1100C due to repeated reversible
transition of state between water and steam at this temperature
(1000C) within the clay-surrounding interface,
resulting to absorption of the condensed water by the clay
matrix. This is in agreement with the boiling characteristics
of water at 1000C.The condensation process at this
temperature increases and decreases the masses of water in the
clay and that lost through evaporation respectively. [New York
Science Journal. 2010;3(4):33-38]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.05
Keywords: Effect, Water-Steam
Transition Temperature, Evaporation, Shrinkage, Drying, Clay
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6
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Effects of Chronic Ethanol
Administration on Body Weight, Reduced Glutathione (GSH),
Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels and Glutathione-s-transferase
Activity (GST) in Rats
Ighodaro
Osasenaga Macdonald1, Omole Johnson Olusola2
and Uwaifo Anthony Osaigbovo1,2
1.Department of Biochemistry, Lead City
University, Ibadan, Oyo State, +234, Nigeria
2.Cancer research & molecular
biology unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan,
Ibadan, Oyo State, +234, Nigeria.
macigho@yahoo.com
Abstract: The etiology of some oxidative-stress
based pathological conditions in the liver has implicated
excessive alcohol consumption. The present study therefore, is
directed at investigating the effect of ethanol (found in
alcoholic drinks) on selected markers of oxidative
stress/damage. The effect was assessed on the basis of comparative
levels of MDA, GSH and
GST in rats vis-a-vis experimental group treated with ethanol.
Ten male albino rats of Wister strain, body weight range of
(166 – 170) grams were treated with 5g ethanol (20%v/v) per
kg body weight per day for 28 days along side with ten male
untreated rats. Both groups were fed normal feeds and water ad
libitum. The administratison of ethanol was done orally using
oral catheter. Biochemical analysis at the end of the
administration of ethanol
at a dose of 5g/kg body weight, caused significant increase
(P<0.05) of the
hepatic, renal and intestinal concentrations of malondialdehyde
(MDA) by 109.96%, 84.42% and 37.60% respectively, compared with
control. Similarly, the hepatic, renal and intestinal GST
activities were significantly increased (p<0.05) by 112.29%,
85.76% and 80.96%respectively. The levels of reduced
glutathione (GSH) in the liver, kidney and intestine of
ethanol-treated animals significantly decreased by 66.72%,
50.36% and 56.67% relative to the control group. A lower mean
body weight gain was observed in rats treated with ethanol as
compared with control. Overall, the results of the study
suggest that alcohol in chronic doses induces oxidative stress
in the rats with implication of dangerous effects on humans if consumed
at chronic doses. [New York Science Journal. 2010;3(4):39-47].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.06
Key words: Ethanol, malondialdehyde (MDA),
reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione-s-transferase (GST.) and
rats
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7
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Variation in the Physical, Chemical and
Physico-Functional Properties of Starches from Selected Cassava
Cultivars
Agunbiade
Shedrack Oludare and Ighodaro
Osasenaga Macdonald
Department of
Biochemistry, Lead City University, Ibadan, Oyo State, +234,
Nigeria.
macigho@yahoo.com
Abstract: Starches, fabricated from fresh
cassava cultivars TMS series 4(2)1425, 91934, 30001, 30555 and
Odongbo, were analysed for their % yields, granular structures,
granule sizes and distribution, proximate composition, chemical
composition and physico-functional properties. TMS 91934, with
the highest moisture content (MC) [65.0%] produces the
least starch yield
[13.86%] compared with
TMS 30001 with 58% MC & 24.68% starch yield, TMS 1425 with
61.0% MC &19.68% starch yield, TMS 30555 with 60.5% MC
& 20.13% starch yield, and odongbo (local cultivar) with
59.0% & 21.19% starch yield. All the starches from these
cassava cultivars exhibit similarities in their granular
structures being oval/round, some truncated. Other observed
features are: granule sizes ranging from 11.25µm in TMS
4(2)1425 to 15µm in TMS 91934; high dry matter (87%), low
phosphorus (0.01 – 0.03%); low crude protein (0.18
– 0.88%); low ash (1.0%); pH 5.15 value; low water
activity (aw) of 0.51 – 0.67; bulk density of
0.81 – 0.82; non-ionic characteristic; nil cyanide
content, and salivary amylolysis of the starches, showing TMS
30001 and Odongbo to be more enzyme resistant than other
starches. The swelling of water slurries of the starches is
temperature dependent.The higher the temperature, the greater
the swelling capacities of the starches. [New York Science
Journal 2010;6(3):48-53]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.07
Key words: Cassava,starch,granule,morphology,swelling
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8
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Developing a Mobile Application to be
used in Mineral/Geological Exploration with emphasis on
Geochemical Soil Sampling
Albert
Kwansah Ansah 1, Gill Windall 2
1. Department of Computer Science and
Engineering, University of Mines and Technology, Tarkwa, Box
237 Ghana
2. Computing and Mathematical Science
Department, University of Greenwich, SE10 9LS, London
adetunde@googlemail.com
Abstract: This paper presents a mobile
application that could be used during geological field
exploration placing emphasis on Geochemical Soil Sampling
technique to capture data. Geological Soil Sampling Field data
recorded digitally benefits from quick processing, hence
facilitating the mineral exploration task and reducing
exploration duration. This paper describes a prototype
application developed with NetBeans IDE 6.7/J2ME Wireless
Toolkit 2.2 emulator platform, which could run on any MIDP
compatible devices.
[New York Science Journal 2010;3(4):54-65]. (ISSN:
1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.08
Keywords: Mining/Mineral Exploration,
Geochemical Soil Sampling, MIDlet, Java ME Networking, Mobile
Application, Wireless Communication, Mobile Devices, Personal Digital
Assistant (PDA), Security, Graphical User Interface (GUI)
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The
Impact of Obesity on Some Hormones and the Cognitive Function
among School Girls
Ismail M.
Abdel-Nabi1; Abla G. Khalifa2;
Hanaa H. Ahmed3; Emad F. Eskander3 and
Alaa H. Sayed3
1 Zoology Dept., Fac. Of Science, Suez
Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
2 Child Health Dept., National Research
Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
3 Hormones Dept., National Research
Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
alaasc@yahoo.com
Abstract: The number of obese children has increased
considerably worldwide and childhood obesity causes many
problems that can track into adulthood. The current study was conducted on 45
obese girls [mean age±SE =10.53±1.29 years; mean BMI±SE =28.43±
4.62 Kg/m2] in addition to 45 age- and sex-matched
controls (mean age±SE =10.36±1.53 years; mean BMI±SE
=19.07±3.47 Kg/m2). Estimation of serum ghrelin and
growth hormone (GH), plasma leptin, insulin, and insulin-like
growth factor-1 (IGF-1) as well as learning ability and
cognitive functions (auditory vigilance, digit span, coding
ability and visual memory) were carried out. The levels of
plasma leptin, insulin and IGF-1 were highly significantly
higher whereas those of serum ghrelin and GH were highly
significantly lower in the obese group than the control. The
total right response of auditory vigilance (TR) showed
insignificant decrease while the total wrong response of
auditory vigilance (TW) showed significant increase in the
obese group as compared with the control group. Digit span
showed highly significant decrease while coding scores showed
significant increase. Visual memory recall showed insignificant
decrease while visual memory classification showed highly
significant decrease in the obese group as compared with the
control group. Ghrelin
decreased because of hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia.
Increased leptin level may be due to increased amount of
adipose tissue in obese subjects. Hyperinsulinemia occurs to
compensate for insulin resistance occurring in obesity and to
maintain glucose homeostasis. The decrease in GH may be due to
low GHRH, high somatostatin and increased free IGF-1 levels.
Increased IGF-1 in obese subjects may be a result of
hyperinsulinemia. Obesity in school girls
negatively affected the levels of the measured hormones as well
as the educational achievements of these girls which reflect
the impact of obesity on cognitive performance and learning
ability in these subjects. [New York Science Journal
2010;3(4):66-71]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.09
Key words: obesity, girls, ghrelin, leptin,
insulin, GH, IGF-1, cognition
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10
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Production of Bioethanol Via Enzymatic Saccharification
of Rice Straw by Cellulase Produced by Trichoderma Reesei
Under Solid State Fermentation
Fatma, H. Abd El-Zaher1*
and Fadel, M2
1 Department of Agricultural Microbiology,
National Research Center, Cairo, Egypt. Post. Address 12622. 2
Department of Microbial Chemistry, National Research Center,
Cairo, Egypt.
Fatimaom_nrc@yahoo.com
Abstract: Alternative substrates to produce
useful chemicals such as biofuel have been attractive. Rice
straw, one of the most abundant lignocellulosic wastes
by-products world wide can be used for this purpose. In the present study the
production of cellulase by Trichoderma reesei F-418
cultivated on alkali treated rice straw using solid state
fermentation (SSF) technique. The high cellulase activity was
obtained when the fungus was cultivated on substrate with about
75 % (v/w) moisture, pH 4.8 for 5 days incubation at 28±2şC, as
it gave 16.2 IU/g substrate. The obtained cellulase of 1.2 IU/
ml culture filtrate was applied for saccharification (5% w/v)
of alkali treated rice straw, in 0.1M citrate buffer pH 4.8 in
shaker water bath of 100 rpm. Sugary solution of 1.07 % glucose
was achieved after 16 hrs. The sugary solution was concentrated
to give 10% (w/v) glucose. Ethanolic fermentation was conducted
by Saccharomyces cerevisiae SHF-5 under static condition
giving 5.1% (v/v) ethanol after 24 hrs. The fermented mash
contained 3.6 g/L yeast cell can be utilized as fooder yeast
used for animal feeding.
[New York Science Journal. 2010;3(4):72-78]. (ISSN: 1554-0200)
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.10
Key words: rice straw, Trichoderma reesei
F-418, cellulases, fermentation, biofuel
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Ferulic acid production from wheat
bran using Staphylococcus aureus
Prakash Kumar Sarangi ↑ and Hara Prasad Sahoo
PG Department
of Botany and Biotechnology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack,
India-753003
↑Author for correspondence (Telephone: 00
91-674-2471284, 00 91-9437305796
E-mail:
sarangi77@yahoo.co.in
Qtr.
No-2RB/115, Road No-1, Unit-9, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, 751022
Abstract: Work has been carried out
to study the isolation of ferulic acid from wheat bran using Staphylococcus aureus.
The ferulic acid was identified and quantified by HPLC. It was
confirmed that about 275 mg of ferulic acid was obtained from
1kg of wheat bran after 6th days of incubation
period. [New York Science Journal. 2010;3(4):79-81]. (ISSN:
1554-0200]
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.11
Key words: Staphylococcus,
ferulic acid, wheat bran, vanillin.
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12
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Deepali , K. K. Gangwar
Department of
Zoology & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences
Gurukul
Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar-249 404, India. deepali.phd@rediffmail.com
Abstract: An investigation has been made to
ascertain the metals concentration in the effluents and
associated soil and groundwater samples collected from textile
and tannery industries located near Haridwar. The
physico-chemical analysis for metallic parameters was conducted
by using Atomic absorption
spectrometer (AAS) and spectrophotometer. The results showed that all metals
such as Cr, Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb and Cd exceeded the standard limits
in effluents of textile and tannery industries and associated
soil samples, while Cr contamination in groundwater samples was
observed only in samples collected from nearby areas of
tannery. The findings also indicate that the Cr contamination
was more than other metals. The estimated metal levels in the
water and soil were compared with the safe limits laid down by
World Health Organization (WHO). [New York Science Journal
2010;3(4):82-89]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.12
Key
words:
Heavy metals, Atomic absorption spectrometry, textile and
tannery effluents
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13
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Biochemical Studies on Tilipia Nilotica
Exposed to Climate change and Cadmium Sulphate (0.50p.p.m.)
1Mona
S. Zaki, 2, 3Olfat M. Fawzi 2Suzan O. Mostafa , 2Isis
Awad, 1Mostafa fawzy
1Department
of Aquaculture, vet.
devission National Research
Centre, Giza, Egypt.
2Department of Biochemistry,
National Research
Centre, Giza, Egypt. dr_mona_zaki@yahoo.co.uk
Abstract: Fourty fish (Tilipia Nilotica)
were collected from Abbassa Sharkia government and fed commercial fish diet.
Thirty fish were exposed to cadmium Sulphate (0.50p.p.m.) and
30◦ temp. for 21 days. Ten fish were kept without treatment (control).
Haematological analysis of the exposed group demonstrated a
marked elevation in serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase,
serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, serum glucose, urea,
creatinine, sodium, potassium and phosphorus, while serum
calcium, haemoglobin and PCV were reduced.
[New York Science Journal 2010;3(4):90-95]. (ISSN:
1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.13
Keywords: Pollution
– cadmium, fish, immunity
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14
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Floristic
Diversity of Protected Ecosystems of Kandi Region of Punjab,
India.
Manhas, R.K.1,
Lokender Singh2, H.B. Vasistha3 and
Mridula Negi3
1Department of Botany, S.P. College,
Srinagar (J&K), India.
2Swajal Pariyojna, 2nd
Floor, Aman Hotel, Uttarkashi (Uttarakhand), India.
3Forest Ecology and Environment
Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun (Uttarakhand), India.
manhark@rediffmail.com
Abstract: Present
study was conducted in protected ecosystems of Pathankot,
Hoshiarpur and Garhshanker areas of Kandi region of Punjab.
Total 206 species
belonging to 159 genera and 59 families were identified from
these sites. The contribution of dicotyledons, monocotyledons
and pteridophytes was 77.7%, 20.4% and 1.9%, respectively. Ipomoea was the most
dominant genera. Biological spectrum of the study site showed
that therophytes (52%) were the most dominant life form
followed by phanerophytes (27%). [New York Science Journal.
2010;3(4):96-103]. (ISSN 1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.14
Keywords: Biological spectrum;
Floristic diversity; Kandi region of Punjab; Life form
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15
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Design and Development of the Human
Energized Chaff Cutter
Zakiuddin
Syed Kazi 1, Jayant P.Modak 2
1. Department of Mecanical
Engineering, Anjuman College of Engineering, Nagpur-44001,
India,
2. Priyadarshini College of
Engineering, Nagpur-44001, India
qszaki1@rediffmail.com
Abstract: In the recent past a human-powered process
machine has been developed for brick making, wood turning,
clothes washing and drying and earthen pot making. The machine
consists of a human-powered flywheel motor using a
bicycle-drive mechanism with speed-increasing gearing and a
flywheel, which drive the process unit though a spiral jaw
clutch and torque-increasing gearing. The operator puts energy
into the flywheel at a convenient power level for about one
minute. After enough energy is stored, pedaling is stopped and
the energy in the flywheel is made available to the process
unit. Pedal power is the transfer of energy from a human source
through the use of a foot pedal and crank system. This
technology is most commonly used for transportation and has
been used to propel bicycles. Less commonly pedal power is used
to power agricultural and hand tools and even to generate
electricity. The paper discuss about the applications for pedal
power technology. The machine is economically viable, can be
used by unskilled workers, save time otherwise spent in
traditional mixing and can be adopted for human-powered process
units which could have intermittent operation without affecting
the end-product. [New York Science Journal 2010;3
(4):104-108].(ISSN:1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.15
Keywords:
Flywheel, Spiral Jaw Clutch, Chaff Cutter
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Assessment of Noise Level in Different
Zones of Haridwar City of Uttarakhand State, India
Vijay Sharma*, Pankaj
Saini, Sudhanshu Kaushik and B. D. Joshi
Department of Zoology
and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences,
Gurukula Kangri
University, Haridwar-249404, Uttarakhand (India).
*E.mail: vijaysharma_mediplants@yahoo.com
Abstract: In the present study, noise levels
were measured in four different zones within Haridwar city
viz., industrial, residential, commercial and silence zone, on
working day and non-working day (holiday of Sunday) in August
2009. The results show that the noise level of selected zones
within city is higher during the working day as compared to
non-working day, except residential zone. The noise level
during day period was 18.9%, 8.3% and 28.8% higher on working
day as compare to non working day, respectively for industrial,
commercial and silence zone. The noise during night time was
8.2%, 5.9% and 3.8% higher on working day as compare to non
working day, respectively in the industrial, commercial and
silence zone. While in the residential zone, the average noise
was 2.09% and 2.6% higher on working day as compare to a non
working day, respectively to day and night time. [New York
Science Journal 2010;3 (4):109-111].(ISSN:1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.16
Keywords: Traffic, means of entertainment, small
scale industries, human activities.
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Immunohistochemical Expression of Heat Shock Protein 70 in
Psoriasis Vulgaris
Amina Gamal
el Din1*, Hanan M Saleh2, Nermeen Abdel Fattah2
and Abdel Maksoud A3
1.Pathology Department,
Medical Research Division, National Research Centre,Dokki,
Cairo-12622 (Egypt)*
2.Dermatology & Venereology
Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbasia,
Cairo-12622 (Egypt).
3Dermatology and Venereology
Department, Medical Research Division, National Research
Centre, Dokki, Cairo-12622(Egypt). hassaneinamina@yahoo.com
Abstract: Psoriasis,
a common skin disease in Egypt, has drawn much attention to
study the potential role
of immunity in its pathogenesis.. Exposure
of skin to microbial antigens and other stressful stimuli can
induce heat shock proteins (HSPs) expression. HSPs comprise a
large number of antigens against which immune responses are
directed, owing to their cytokine-like effects and
immunomodulatory properties. The potential role of HSP70 in pathogenesis
of psoriasis is under investigation. We aimed at evaluating
the differential
immunohistochemical expression of HSP 70 in psoriatic skin and
correlating the results with disease severity ; to elucidate
its potential role in
pathogenesis of psoriasis. Skin biopsies were taken from 20
patients with different severity of untreated chronic
plaque-type psoriasis and from 20 healthy volunteers.
Antibodies to HSP70 were analyzed immunohistochemically.
Immunoreactivity intensity distribution index (IRIDI) scores
including the proportion of immunoreactive cells and their
staining intensity were calculated in the basal, suprabasal,
superficial as well as the whole epidermal layers of patients
and controls. Differential and total IRIDI scores for HSP70 expression
showed highly significant higher values in psoriatic patients
compared to controls. Statistical differences were found
between the different groups of patients; according to their
disease severity and controls. Positive correlations also
existed between IRIDI scores of patients and disease severity.
Based on the findings of the present study, HSP70 is suggested
to play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and to
correlate with disease severity. Further studies on
immunotherapeutic intervention are recommended, aiming at
inhibiting events in an ongoing immune response which may
provide new therapeutic and perhaps preventive approaches for
psoriasis.
[New York
Science Journal. 2010;3(4):112-116]. (ISSN: 1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.17
Keywords: : psoriasis,
heat shock protein 70,
immunohistochemistry
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18
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HYDROCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF
GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN SELECTED LOCATIONS IN UYO, AKWA-IBOM
STATE OF NIGERIA.
Adetoyinbo
Adedeji1 , Adebo Babatunde 1, 2 Alabi
Aderemi 3
Department of
Appled Sciences, Lead City University Ibadan, oyo –State,
+234, Nigeria1
Department of
Physics, University of Ibadan, Oyo State,+234, Nigeria2
Department of
Physics, Lagos State University, Lagos, +234, Nigeria3
datewithdestiny2007@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT: Water is a vital
component to the development of an area. Human settlement is to
a large extent dependent on the availability of reliable
sources of water preferably in close proximity to the settled
localities. This paper
examines the hydrochemical facies of groundwater present in the
Uyo, Akwa Ibom of Nigeria.
40 Borehole water samples were carefully collected in 8
different locations in Uyo
for various physico – chemical analyses. Calcium,
magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, aluminium, and
silver, Nitrate, phosphate, fluoride, chloride, pH,
conductivity, total dissolved solid, total suspended solid,
hardness, summation of ions as well as the temperature and
colour were assessed among the entire samples collected. The
results shows that: temperature ranges from 26.3 – 28.3,
pH range is 3.19 –
5.18 . This means the borehole water samples fall within
the highly acidic range.
Conductivity ranges between 10.85 and 181.60 μs/cm, TDS
range is 4.7 – 86.8mg/l, TSS is between 1.0 and 12.0
mg/l,Total hardness (2.61 – 31.29 mg/l) and Chloride
concentration (5.0 – 9.36mg/l). Results show that some of the water
samples considered in this work do compare favourably with WHO
(1984) water standard for drinking and domestic usages while
some other samples of boreholes water fall short of this
standard. [New York Science Journal. 2010;3(4):117-122]. (ISSN:
1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.18
Key words: Borehole water, hydrochemical facies,
water quality, Uyo, Akwa -Ibom
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19
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Ethnopaediatrics in Garhwal
Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India
(Psychomedicine and
Medicine)
Jay Krishan
Tiwari, Radha Ballabha and Prabhawati Tiwari
Department
of Botany, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal,
Uttarakhand- 246 174, India
jktiwari31@rediffmail.com, radhekuniyal.2007@rediffmail.com, ptiwari29@rediffmail.com
Abstract: Garhwal
Himalaya has its peculiar topography, vegetation, people and
traditions. In the remote areas traditional customs and beliefs
are still maintained and modem trends are yet to reach, which
provide interesting scope of ethnobotanical studies. The
present paper pertains to typical practices in ethnopaediatrics
in Garhwal Himalaya, India. The inhabitants use different
plants in primary health care of children. Different charms and
amulets associated with the common ailments of children have
been discussed. [New York Science Journal 2010;3(4):123-126].
(ISSN: 1554-0200).
doi:10.7537/marsnys030410.19
Key Words:
Ethnopaediatrics, Garhwal Himalaya, indigenous knowledge, local
communities
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The manuscripts in
this issue are online first for peer-review starting February 16,
2010
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