Nature and Science
ISSN: 1545-0740
Volume 8 - Number 3 (Cumulated No. 36), March 1, 2010
Cover (online), Cover (print), Introduction, Contents, Call for Papers, All in one file
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CONTENTS
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Titles / Authors
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1
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Effect of Metal Pickling and Electroplating Industrial
Sludge-Borne Heavy Metals on Wheat (Triticum aesativum)
Seedling Growth
1Sudarshana Sharma, 2Parmanand Sharma, 3Sazada
Siddiqui 2A.
K. Bhattacharyya
1Department of Biochemistry, Bundelkahnd
University Jhansi, India
2 School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru
University, New Delhi, India
3 Department of Botany, Bundelkahnd
University Jhansi, India
pnsjnu@gmail.com
Abstract: A pot culture study has been
undertaken to evaluate the effect of rolling and pickling
industrial sludge amendments on growth response and
bioaccumulation of heavy metal in wheat seedlings. Processed
acidic waste was first treated with three doses of lime (0, 0.5
and 1%) and then mixed with two soils in different ratios (0, 10
and 20%). Samples were filled in earthen pots (2Kg/pot) one
week before planting and seven days old wheat seedlings (3 per
pot) were transplanted in these pots and pots were kept in
glass house. Temperature of glass house was maintained at 22±20C
and moisture contained at 50% of water holding capacity. DTPA
extractable heavy metals and metals in seedlings increased with
increasing doses of industrial sludge amendments. Biomass and
growth has been also found to increase with increasing rate of
sludge. Lime enhanced the biomass and reduced the heavy metal
concentrations. Although 20% treatments in both soils showed a
significant enhancement in shoot length but metals like Pb was
found beyond permissible limit. The heavy metal in wheat
seedlings follow the trend Zn>Pb>Cu>Cd. Lime has a
negative correlation with availability and uptake of heavy
metals. Results showed that application of lime treated
industrial sludge to soil could be useful in order to increase
crop growth in the glass house. [Nature and Science
2010;8(3):1-8]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.01
Key words: pot culture, industrial
waste, bioaccumulation, DTPA extractable metals.
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2
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Fassil Kebede
Department of
Land Resource Management and Environmental Protection, Mekelle University;
P.O.B-231, Mekelle,
Ethiopia;
E-mail: fyimamu@gmail.com
Abstract:
Significant proportions of the landmasses of Ethiopia are covered by massive
and continuous Rocky Mountains
of different geological origin and composition, which can be
useful even for organic farming. In the last decade, in fight
against the recurrent drought in the north Ethiopian State
of Tigray more than 46 dams have been constructed with a
cumulative storage capacity and irrigable area of 49.91 million
m3 and 3115 ha, respectively. However, in the irrigated fields of
these dams, salt minerals like thenardite (Na2SO4),
halite (NaCl), zincobloedite (Na2Zn(SO4)2.4H2O),
and anorthoclase (Na,K)(Si3Al)O8
have been observed recently, which can cause sodicity thereby crop productivity can
be impaired gradually. A list of management options should be
tabled urgently before the problem is aggravated. Large gypsum
deposit was found in the localities of the irrigated
fields. Thus, this study
attempted to evaluate the quality of these minerals whether
they can be useful for agricultural purposes. Analysis revealed
that up to 150 cm of the profile depth of the rock was mainly
composed of gypsum (95%) with the predominance of oxides of S
(43.5-46.6% SO3-2) and Ca (32.1-33.5%
CaO). The oxides in the sampled rock followed the order of: SO3-2>
CaO>SiO2>Al2O3>Fe2O3>MgO>Na2O>K2O>TiO2>MnO>P2O5
with the finest particle size (81.7-90%) dominating over other
sizes. This study has come to the conclusion that Adigudom
gypsum deposit can be used as rock for crops through enhancing
sodicity management and sulphur nutrition. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):9-14]. (ISSN:
1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.02
Keyword:
Adigudom gypsum, agromineral, microdams, sodic soils,
sulphur nutrition
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3
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Morphology, Fecundity and diet of Galeoides decadactylus (Pisces: Polynemidae) (Bloch, 1795) off Nigerian coast
*EMMANUEL B.E, GBESAN, K and OSIBONA, A.O.
Department
of Marine Sciences, Faculty of
Sciences, University
of Lagos Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria.
monetemi@yahoo.com
Abstract: Galeoides
decadactylus (Bloch)
is one of the three species of the family polynemidae commonly
called the threadfins, found in warm tropical surface water of
the Atlantic on the continental shelf of West
Africa. They are important in the trawl fisheries
of Nigeria.
The specimens used for this study were collected off Nigerian
coast from Lagos
to Calabar between December, 2003 and November, 2004. In this
study the length-frequency distribution, length - weight
relationship, condition factor, sex ratio, fecundity, food and
feeding habits of Galeoides
decadactylus were examined.
Measurements recorded for each fish were standard length
(SL) and total length (TL) to the nearest 1mm and weight to the
nearest 0.1g. Sexes of fish were determined by visual and
microscopic examination of the gonads. Fecundity was estimated
from the ripe ovaries (stage v) by the gravimetric method. The
Gonadotropic Index (GI) and the Condition Factor (K) were
calculated. Food items were quantified by two methods, the
numerical and frequency of occurrence methods. The total length
of 259 specimens examined ranged between 12.0cm and 28.3cm
(standard length 9.9cm to 20.8cm). Specimens exhibited negative
allometric growth. The
condition factor increased with individual size. Females had a slightly higher
condition factor than males.
The sex ratio was 1:0.46 (male:female). The number of
eggs per female ranged between 58 001 and 279 279. There was a negative
correlation between log-fecundity and log-weight than between
log-fecundity and log length.
The major food items were crustaceans, molluscs, pisces
and annelids. There were
no distinctions in the feeding habits of the species in
relation to size. The
fish was euryphagus species and highly fecund. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):15-23].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.03
Key words:
Galeoides
decadactylus, fecundity, allometric growth, condition
factor, euryphagus.
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4
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Elemental Analysis
of Satluj
River
Water Using EDXRF
Prem Singh* and J.P. Saharan$
*Dept. of Physics, S.D.
College (Lahore)
Ambala Cantt.,
$Dept. of Chemistry, S.D.
College (Lahore)
Ambala Cantt.
Corresponding
author: * pspundir1@gmail.com
Abstract:
A
systematic study was carried out to explore the concentration
of different low-Z elements present in the water samples of Satluj River
in Himachal Pradesh,
India.
Water samples from four different locations were collected and
analyzed for elemental analysis. In this study, energy
dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technique has been
employed. The degree of elemental pollution and the suitability
of the river water for drinking purpose were assessed. A
close look at the elemental concentration in water samples of
different locations shows variation in concentrations but
elements are within the safe limits as prescribed by Bureau of
Indian Standards (BIS)
and World Health Organization (WHO). The concentration of Ca
and Fe is little higher. “[Nature and Science.
2010;8(3): 24-28]. (ISSN: 1545-0740)”.
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.04
Keywords: EDXRF, Water Quality,
x-ray tube, Pollution, Elemental Analysis
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CATTLE BABESIOSIS AND ASSOCIATED BIOCHEMICAL
ALTERATION IN KALUBYIA GOVERNORATE.
Ola, F. A. Talkhan**; Mervat E. I. Rdwan.*; Ali. M. A**
* Veterinary Hospital –Benha University **Animal Health Research
Institute, Shebin El-kom.
drofscience@ymail.com
Abstract :
Members of genus
babesia are tick transmitted intra erythrocytes proto zoon
parasites, many species are of considerable economic importance
in live stock industry, additionally some species are zoonotic
and affected on human health, so this investigation performed
to differentiated between traditional and some modern methods
for diagnosis of bovine babesiosis, a total of 100 animals from
private farms located in different places in Kalubia aged from
1-3 years the samples were collected from clinically infected
animals that suffered from fever (41 C°) , Anorexia,
depression, weakness, pale mucos membrane, emaciation, weight
loss hemoglobin urea with accelerate heart and respiratory
rates and animals appearan healthy in contact with this
animals, laboratory examination two blood samples were
collected from each animals from juglar vein samples with
anticoagulant for blood film stain and PCR while second without
anticoagulant for biochemical the result of our study revealed
a great significant Increase in urea , creatinine, AST, Alt and
globulin in clinical cases of babesia bigemina but non
significant changes in sub clinical cases Also the result
revealed significant increase in serum iron ,Total iron binding capacity transfferin
total protein, However There are non significant increase in
albumin and A/G ration. 2010;8(3):29-36]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.05
Keywords:
Babesiosis,
Cattle, Early diagnosis, Pathogenic Alteration.
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6
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Awareness of Urban and Rural People
Regarding Polythene Ban in Rajshahi Division, Bangladesh
1,2Abul Hasnat Md.
Shamim, 2Md. Abu Taleb and 3Md. Anisur
Rahman
1Department of Environmental Management
Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Science
& Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
2School of Agriculture & Rural
Development, Bangladesh
Open University, Gazipur-1705, Bangladesh
3School of Social Science, Humanities
& Language, Bangladesh Open University,
Gazipur-1705, Bangladesh
abulhasnats@yahoo.com
Abstract:
The awareness of the urban and rural people regarding the ban
on polythene bags was studied in Rajshahi division. Information
was collected from urban and rural people to know their views
after a period of 4 years of ban on polythene bags. The surveys
included interview schedule, observations and discussions with
the users. The largest part of the respondents were
congratulated the decision of the government on ban of
polythene bags. About 97.3 % of urban and 76 % of rural people
was in favour of ban of polythene and a few of the respondents
(2.7 %) were in disfavour in case of urban whereas in rural it
was 24 %. Majority of the users were ignorant about the
hazardous impacts of polythene bags on the health (urban 24 and
rural 1.3 %). [Nature and
Science 2010;8(3):37-40]. (ISSN:
1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.06
Keyword: Awareness, polythene bags, ban and
environment.
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Biochemical Studies
on Nephroprotective Effect of Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.)
Growing in Egypt
Mahgoub M. Ahmed
Molecular Drug Evaluation Dep., National Organisation for Drug Control
and Research (NODCAR). Egypt
dr_mahgoub1@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT:
Reactive oxygen species and free radicals are involved in the
nephrotoxicity induced by the synthetic anticancer drug
cisplatin. The nephroprotective effects of carob pods and
leaves (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) was investigated using cisplatin
(10 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) to induce oxidative renal damage
in mice. The results showed that cisplatin administration
caused abnormal renal functions in all studied mice. Serum urea
and creatinine concentrations were significantly highered (P<0.5)
in the cisplatin alone treated (control) group compared to the
normal group. The concentrations of serum creatinine and urea
in the carob pods (200 mg/kg body weight) treated group were
reduced to 57.5% and 51.5%, respectively, with respect to the
control group. Also,
cisplatin induced decline of renal antioxidant enzymes such as
superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione
peroxidase (GPx) activities, but the treatment of carob pods
and leaves (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly attenuated
the cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. Both pods and leaves of
carob at 100 and 200 mg/kg increased the concentration of
reduced glutathione (GSH) and protected against the increase of
cisplatin-induced lipid peroxidation. In addition, treatment
with cisplatin increased the activity of cathepsin D, RNase II,
DNase II and acid phosphatase. The treatment of carob pods and
leaves (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) improved the activity of
lysosomal enzymes nearly to the normal group. In conclusion,
carob leaves and pods may be effective to protect from
oxidative renal damage and the leaves are the better
nephroprotective agent than pods. The protection may be
mediated partially by preventing the decline of renal
antioxidant statues. [Nature and
Science 2010;8(3):41-47]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.07
Key words:
nephrotoxicity; carob; cisplatin; antioxidant enzymes;
lysosomal enzymes
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8
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Genotypic Variability for Agronomic and Yield
Characters in Some Cowpeas (Vigna
unguiculata (L.) Walp.)
D. O. Idahosa1 J. E. Alika2 and A.
U. Omoregie1
1. Department of Crop Science, Ambrose Alli
University, Ekpoma, Nigeria
2. Department of Crop Science, University of Benin, Nigeria.
E-mail: danielidahosa@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Cultivated species of crops are usually variable because of
artificial selection under diverse environments of which cowpea
is not exception. Consequently, genotypic variability study was
conducted with eight parent line cowpeas to evaluate some
genetic parameters namely coefficient of variation, genetic
variance and heritability estimates in the broad-sense. Per se
mean performance was variable among the genotypes for all
characters investigated which indicated the superiority of some
parent lines. Highly significant heritability effects were
observed for all characters except for 100-seed weight (42.2%)
which expressed moderate heritability estimate. Days to 50%
flowering, pod length, pod weight and grain yield characters
showed that some levels of genetic variability existed.
Consequently, progress could be made from selection and
improvement for those characters. [Nature
and Science 2010;8(3):48-55]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.08
Keywords: Genotypic variability, genetic
variance, coefficient of variation, heritability, cowpea.
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Effects Of
Organic, Organomineral And NPK
Fertilizer Treatments On The
Quality Of Amaranthus Cruentus (L) On Two
Soil Types In Lagos,
Nigeria
*Makinde Esther. A., **O. Fagbola., **E. A. Akinrinde,
and ***E.A. Makinde
*Department of Botany, Lagos State
University,
Ojo Lagos.Nigeria.
** Department
ofAgronomy, Universityof Ibadan.Ibadan.Nigeria.
*** Federal College of Agriculture. Ibadan
leyesam@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Under tropical soils, the precise
requirement of inorganic fertilizer and its possible substitute
is yet to be validated for the production of Amaranthus
cruentus L. The nutrient requirement of A. cruentus
under two soil types and yield quality under field conditions.
Field experiment was conducted at two locations in Lagos State: Ikorodu (Orthic
Luvisol) and Lagos State (LASU) Ojo Campus (Dystric Fluvisol)
to investigate the effects of organic
and organomineral and NPK
fertilizer treatments on the quality of Amaranthus cruentus
L. Eight fertilizer treatments. (1) Control (no
fertilizer), (2) Pacesetter’s Grade B (PGB) 100 %, (3)
PGB + NPK (75:25),
(4) PGB + NKP (50:50), (5) Kola Pod Husk (KPH) 100 %, (6) KPH +
NPK (75:25), (7)
KPH + NPK (50:50)
and (8) NPK (100
%) were tested at first planting. Residual effects of the
fertilizers were assessed in the second and third planting
periods. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete
block design in four Replications. Parameters assessed include
proximate analysis. Data were analysed using ANOVA. The KPH + NPK (75:25)resulted in significant
(p<0.05) higher crude protein content (19.8 and 14.9 %),
ether extract (8.5 and 8.2 %) while crude fibre (9.5 and 10.8
%) was lower than control at Ikorodu and LASU respectively. The
KPH and PGB had high potential in A. cruentus
production. At Ikorodu, KPH + NPK
(75:25) was the best while at LASU, PGB + NPK (75:25) was optimum. KPH + NPK (75:25) gave highest crude
protein content, ether extract and lowest crude fibre in A.
cruentus. [Nature and Science
2010;8(3):56-62]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.09
Keywords: Amaranthus cruentus, organomineral fertilizer, quality
and soil type
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10
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Analysis on the Parking demand of the Commercial
Buildings Considering the Public Transport Accessibility
——Commercial Buildings in Beijing as an Example
Huanmei Qin 1,
Qing Xiao 1, Hongzhi Guan 1, Xiaosong Pan
1
1. Beijing
Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering, Beijing
University of
Technology, Beijing 100124, China
hmqin@bjut.edu.cn
Abstract: Parking
index is the fundamental basis for the buildings’ parking
supply in city. Researches on the parking demand takes prepare
for establishing the buildings’ parking index. Based on
the parking survey of the commercial buildings in Beijing,
this paper first analyzes the parking demand of the shopping
centre and supermarkets. Further it analyzes the relationship
between the parking demand of the commercial buildings and the
public transport accessibility. The conclusion is that the
parking demand rate of the shopping centre and supermarkets
decreases with the increasing of the public transport
accessibility. It also provides the parking demand rate under
the different levels of the public transport accessibility and
the parking demand model with the accessibility. The
conclusions are valuable for the researches on the parking
demand and the making of the parking index for the commercial
buildings. [Nature and Science. 2010;8(3):63-68]. (ISSN:
1545-0740)
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.10
Key words: commercial
buildings; public transport accessibility; parking demand
analysis; parking index
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Probiotic
Activity of L. acidophilus against Major Food-borne
Pathogens Isolated from Broiler Carcasses.
Sherein* I.
Abd El-Moez1, Ahmed F.Y.2, Samy A.A. 1,
Aisha R.Ali3
1. Department of Microbiology and
Immunology - National Research Center
Cairo Egypt.
2. Department of Animal
Reproduction and A.I. - National
Research Center Cairo
Egypt.
3. Serology unit -Animal Health
Institute Cairo Egypt
*shereinabdelmoez@yahoo.com, yfahmed54@yahoo.com,
Ayman_Samy@hotmail.com
Abstract: C.jejuni E.coli and
S. typhimurium are the principal food borne pathogens in
poultry industry. The first experiment tested the effectiveness
of different strains of Lactobacillus as in vitro as
probiotic against C. jejuni E.coli O157 and S.
typhimurium Result showed that L.acidophilus
isolated from colostrums of mare and goat showed the widest
inhibition zone against C. jejuni E.coli O157 and S.
typhimurium strains compared to the use of L.acidophilus
isolated from goat and cattle milk. The second experiment
evaluate the efficiency of
L. acidophilus isolated from mare colostrums
showing highest in vitro inhibition activity against
tested strains as in
vivo probiotic against C. jejuni isolated from
broiler carcasses. The result showed great inhibition of C.
jejuni E.coli O157 and S. typhimurium strains by the
use of L.acidophilus in comparing to the use of
antibiotics. In the
second experiment; four groups of adult albino rats were used;
group (1) control negative, group (2) rats orally administrated
by L. acidophilus only from the start of experiment till
the 14th day, group (3) rats challenged only with C.
jejuni and group (4) orally administrated by L.
acidophilus from the start of experiment till the 14th
day at the 7th day they were challenged with C.
jejuni. Result showed that the third group showed the
highest rate of reisolation of C.jejuni (0.80±0.16 from
fecal swabs and 0.84±0.17 from the internal organs) as well as
major pathological lesions in the tested organs in the form of
granulomatus reaction in the lung tissue infiltration of
inflammatory cells in the lung tissue thickening of wall of
blood vessels with alveolar emphysema. Congestion hemorrhages
of renal blood capillaries and coagulative necrosis of the
renal tissue as well as degeneration and necrosis of
hepatocytes with proliferation of fibrous tissue. The forth
group pretreated with L. acidophilus Showed lower rate of
isolation of C.jejuni (0.08±0.02 from fecal swabs and
0.04±0.01 from internal organs. The pathological findings of
the internal organs showed minor lesions in the form of
interstitial pneumonia and inflammatory cellular infiltration
in the lung Swelling and degeneration of renal epithelium and
hepatocytic degeneration with infiltration of inflammatory
cells. The second group which was only treated with L.acidophilus
showed no reisolation of C.jejuni as well as no
pathological lesions were detected except a minor lesion in the
liver in the form of diffused vacuolar degeneration in
hepatocytes. Results develop a safe method for competing food
borne pathogens in edible animals and suggest the need for
probiotics to hinder the spread of highly pathogenic zoonotic
bacteria transmitted by animal food by products. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):69-78].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.11
Key words: C. jejuni; L. acidophilus;
probiotics; in vivo, antibiotic sensitivity, rat.
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Tracking
the Invasion Pathway:
Assesment of α-Diversity and Invasiveness of Alien Ornamental
Plants of Srinagar(Kashmir,
J&K), India
Shabana Aslam1,
*Khursheed Ahmad Ganaie2, AQ John3
and GH Dar1
1. Department
of Botany, University
of Kashmir, Srinagar,
J& K, India190006
2. Department
of Botany, Islamia college
of Science and
Commerce, Srinagar, J& K, India
190006
3. Division
of Floriculture, Medicinal and Aromatic plants, SKUAST-
Kashmir, J& K, India 191121
Shabana_botany@yahoo.com;
khursheedtrali@yahoo.co.in
Abstract: The valley of Kashmir
is famous for its marvellous landscape which attracts tourists
from all along the globe. The landscaping of this heavenly
abode predominantly involves alien ornamental plants. The
present study puts on record the alien ornamental flora of
Srinagar Kashmir, and thus, is a first compilation of alien
ornamental flora of the region. The study enlists the
occurrence of 271 exotic ornamental species distributed in 187
genera, belonging to 85 families, therefore piling up the total
number of alien plant species in the Kashmir Himalayas to 704.
The taxonomic composition analysis of alien ornamental flora of
the region revealed that dicots are represented by 223 species
(82%) belonging to 151 genera and 65 families while as monocots
comprised of 39 species (15%) dispersed in 28 genera and 13
families. Gymnosperms are represented by 9 species (3%), 8
genera and 7 families. Asteraceae (11.07%), Rosaceae (9.59%),
Oleaceae (4.79%) are the largest families of exotic ornamental
plants introduced into the Kashmir Himalayas. Out of 85
families, 42 are represented by a single genus and single
species. The highest number of alien ornamental species have
come from the continent Asia (31%) followed by Europe (30%) and
North America (20%). The study
reports the occurrence of 133 alien ornamental species for the
first time from Kashmir Himalayas. Our analysis of alien
species establishment and invasion is not in consonance with Williamson’s
tens rule and proposes that human assisted species selection,
introduction and establishment change the entire dimensions of
tens rule to maximum values in invasion biology. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):79-95].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.12
Key words: Exotic, alien, ornamental flora,
Kashmir, Himalayas, New
records
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Influence
of dietary commercial Beaker's yeast, Saccharomyces
cerevisae on growth performance, survival and
immunostimulation of Oreochromis niloticus challenged
with Aeromonas hydrophila.
H A M, Osman1, Taghreed, B Ibrahim1,
W E, Soliman1 and Maather, M Monier2
1. Hydrobiology Dept.
National Research Center
Dokki, Egypt.
2. Fish diseases
and management Dept.Fac.of Vet.Med.Seuz Canal Univ.Egypt.
dr.hussien_osman@yahoo.com
Abstract: Eight weeks feeding trials were
conducted to examine the effect of dietary commercial brewer's
yeast, (Beaker's yeast), Saccharomyces cerevisiae on
growth performance, survival and immunostimulation of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus.
Brewer's yeast supplemented at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 6 gm/kg diet A,
B, C, D and E respectively. Each diet was fed to triplicate
group of O. niloticus with initial body weight at 77.39
± 5.33 g at 8 weeks feeding period. Control group fed non
supplemented diet at total period of experiment. Final weight,
weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (CF)
were recorded, and the optimum growth performance were obtained
with 3.0 g yeast/kg diet. Physiological and biochemical
parameters (RBCs count, Hb concentration, HCT value, glucose
and lipids of fish), cellular immune parameters (total
leucocytic count, phagocytic activity) and hormonal immune
parameters (Total protein, albumin, globulin and lysozyme
concentration) were significantly elevated than the control
group( fed on A diet) and improved in O. niloticus fed
brewer's yeast up to 3.0 g/kg diet. After experimental period
(8 weeks) fish from each group were challenged by pathogenic
Aeromonas hydrophila IP, kept under observation
for 7 days, total fish mortality, clinical signs were recorded,
and mortality percent decreased with the increase of yeast
level in fish diets. [Nature and
Science 2010;8(3):96-103]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.13
Keywords: Oreochromis niloticus ; brewer's yeast ; growth performance
; immuno-stimulation ; condition factor ; immune promoters
; Aeromonas
hydrophila.
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Quadratic Model for Predicting the
Concentration of Dissolved Iron Relative to the Initial and
Final Solution pH during Oxalic Acid Leaching of Iron Oxide Ore
Chukwuka I. Nwoye
Department of
Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Federal University of Technology,
Owerri, Nigeria.
chikeyn@yahoo.com
Abstract: Model for predicting the
concentration of dissolved iron (relative to the initial and
final solution pH) during leaching of iron oxide ore in oxalic
acid solution has been derived. The model;
γ2 – βγ - 0.001N = 0
%Fe
was found to
calculate the concentration of dissolved iron being dependent
on the values of the initial and final leaching solution pH
measured during the leaching process. It was found that the
validity of the model is rooted on the expressions D = 1000%Fe
where both sides of each expression are correspondingly
approximately almost equal. The maximum deviation of the
model-predicted values of %Fe (dissolved) from the
corresponding experimental values was found to be less than 28%
which is quite within the acceptable range of deviation limit
of experimental results. The value of the assumed coefficient
of the dilution (N) was calculated to be 197.527. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):104-109].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.14
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Model for the Calculation of the
Concentration of Sulphur Removed
during Oxidation of Iron
Oxide Ore
by Powdered Potassium Chlorate
Chukwuka I. Nwoye
Department of
Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Federal University of Technology,
Owerri, Nigeria. chikeyn@yahoo.com
Abstract: Model for the calculation of the
concentration of sulphur removed (during oxidation of iron oxide
ore by powdered potassium chlorate) has been derived. The model
was found to predict the concentration of sulphur removed, very close
to the corresponding %S values obtained from the actual
experimental process. It was found that the model is dependent
on the values of the weight input of the oxidant (KClO3)
during the desulphurization process. The validity of the model
is believed to be rooted in the expression [(α)β%S]
= T/γkn where both sides of the expression are
approximately equal to 2. The positive or negative deviation of
each of the model-predicted values of %S from those of the
corresponding experimental values was found to be less than 30%
which is quite within the range of acceptable deviation limit
of experimental results. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):110-114].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.15
Keywords: Model, Sulphur
Removed, Iron Oxide
Ore, Oxidation,
Potassium Chlorate.
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Electrogastrograhy As A Diagnostic Tool For
Overlapping Dyspepsia In
Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients
Engy Yousry
Elsayed1, Mohamed Omar2, Aml Ameen3
from 1Internal Medicine,2 Tropical
medicine, 3Radiodiagnosis departement, Ain Shams
University, Cairo, Egypt
ashorengy@yahoo.com
Abstract: Introduction:
Distinguishing between irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and
functional dyspepsia can be challenging because of the
variations in symptom patterns, which commonly overlap.
Although the principles of electrogastrography (EGG) have been
known for years, it is contrvesial whether alteration of
gastric electrical activity (GEA) could be of clinical
relevance in functional gastrointestinal disorders.
Aim
of the work
was to assess the role of electrogastrography and gastric
emptying in diagnosis of overlapping dyspepsia in patients with
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Subjects and methods: 120 patients with IBS
were compared with 60 healthy controls. EGG was performed before
and after a standard meal. Furthermore, gastric emptying (GE)
and symptom scores were assessed.
Results: Of 120 IBS patients, 52
(43.3%) had dyspeptic symptoms as well as delayed gastric
emptying. IBS patients with overlapping dyspepsia showed significantly
more bradygastria (26.9%) than controls
(5.9%) (P
< 0.01) , also they had
statistically significant lower PR compared to non
dyspeptic patients(2.1±1.3 vs. 2.9±1.6 respectively P<0.05),
moreover gastric emptying time was delayed in IBS patients with
overlapping dyspepsia (14.7±1.8) compared to those without dyspeptic complaints
and controls (10± 1.27 & 10.6±2.1 respectively) (P<0.01).
Conclusion and recommendation: IBS patients with
overlapping dyspepsia frequently reveal impaired gastric
emptying and increased bradygastria, lack of a postprandial
increase in the EGG amplitude, which may have
pathophysiological significance in these patients .Using both
EGG and gastric emptying test can aid in the detection of
functional disorders associating IBS and therefore achieve
greater patient satisfaction with their treatment. [Nature and
Science 2010;8(3):115-120]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.16
Keywords:
Electrogastrography,
functional dyspepsia, gastric emptying, irritable bowel
syndrome
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Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Diversity of Asteraceae in Uttarakhand
Vinod Kumar Bisht*1
&Vineet Purohit1
1Herbal Research & Development
Institute, Gopeshwar - 246 401, Uttarakhand, India.
*E-mail: vksbisht@gmail.com; vksbisht@rediffmail.com
Abstract: Geographically Uttarakhand represents
six eco-climatic regions from 300 m asl to 7817 m asl, and
abode to a variety of medicinal and aromatic plants, and their
products are being used by local communities from time
immemorial. Asteraceae is the largest family of medicinal and
aromatic plants in Uttarakhand. The species of the family are
growing from low altitude of Tarai Bhabar to the alpine. There
are annual, biennial or perennial herbs, under shrubs, shrubs.
This paper includes the database on various aspects of
medicinal plants of the family Asteraceae in the state. The
database on various aspects includes species richness, genera
richness, medicinal use and altitude for the different species
of the family Asteraceae. Nature and
Science. 2010;8(3):121-128]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.17
Key Words: asteraceae, diversity, medicinal and
aromatic plants
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An issue
of improvement in Annual land use planning
Bolormaa Batsuuri
Faculty of
Earth Sciences of National
University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201,
Mongolia.
bolor_8315@yahoo.com
Abstract: The part
where the mathematic modeling and GIS modeling are being established and formulated is the major system of
decision supporting system, and taking into account the
criterions of making the GIS modeling, \in this thesis\ it will
be easily established using all types of relevant information.
Models that base on relevant information and criterions are
most likely to effectively serve the decision makers and the
users of the modeling.
In order to follow the world standard and freely
transfer geographic information in an international
environment, the process of reforming meta data standard of GIS
in Mongolia
is basing on researches of international meta data standard of
GIS (ISO 19115). Therefore the
meta data standard have been processed adapting into certain
conditions of Mongolia.
The territory
of Ulaanbaatar
city is selected as the research object and including the total
territory, researches on today’s pressing issues of land
administration, land legislation, land cadastre, and land
planning have been made thoroughly and the objectives of this
thesis have been put forward in resolving issues in urban land
use planning. When processing the land use planning of the
capital in 2009, taking into account the results from the 3.3.1
and using the GIS analyzing and GAP assessment tools, it is now
possible to extend the serving area. Two types of construction
standards those are observed in Mongolia
used in order to set\establish serving area of commerce in Ulaanbaatar
city. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):129-138].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.18 Keywords: Annual land use planning, Geographic
information system, assessment, land administration, meta
data
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back issues of the Nature and Science, click
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Emails:
editor@sciencepub.net; sciencepub@gmail.com
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doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.01
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.02
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doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.16
doi:10.7537/marsnsj080310.17
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