Nature and Science ISSN: 1545-0740 Volume 8 - Number 3 (Cumulated No. 36), 2010 Cover Page, Introduction, Contents, Call for Papers, All in one file
The
following manuscripts are presented as online first for
peer-review, February 11, 2010.
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comments are welcome: editor@sciencepub.net
Welcome to send your manuscript(s) to: editor@sciencepub.net.
CONTENTS
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1
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Effect of Metal Pickling and Electroplating
Industrial Sludge-Borne Heavy Metals on Wheat (Triticum
aesativum) Seedling Growth
1Sudarshana Sharma, 2Parmanand Sharma, 3Sazada
Siddiqui 2A.
K. Bhattacharyya
1Department of Biochemistry, Bundelkahnd
University Jhansi, India
2 School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru
University, New Delhi, India
3 Department of Botany, Bundelkahnd
University Jhansi, India
pnsjnu@gmail.com
Abstract: A pot culture study has been
undertaken to evaluate the effect of rolling and pickling industrial
sludge amendments on growth response and bioaccumulation of heavy
metal in wheat seedlings. Processed acidic waste was first
treated with three doses of lime (0, 0.5 and 1%) and then mixed
with two soils in different ratios (0, 10 and 20%). Samples
were filled in earthen pots (2Kg/pot) one week before planting
and seven days old wheat seedlings (3 per pot) were
transplanted in these pots and pots were kept in glass house.
Temperature of glass house was maintained at 22±20C
and moisture contained at 50% of water holding capacity. DTPA
extractable heavy metals and metals in seedlings increased with
increasing doses of industrial sludge amendments. Biomass and
growth has been also found to increase with increasing rate of
sludge. Lime enhanced the biomass and reduced the heavy metal
concentrations. Although 20% treatments in both soils showed a
significant enhancement in shoot length but metals like Pb was found beyond permissible limit. The
heavy metal in wheat seedlings follow the trend Zn>Pb>Cu>Cd. Lime
has a negative correlation with availability and uptake of
heavy metals. Results showed that application of lime treated
industrial sludge to soil could be useful in order to increase crop
growth in the glass house. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):1-8]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Key words: pot culture, industrial
waste, bioaccumulation, DTPA extractable metals.
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2
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Fassil Kebede
Department of
Land Resource Management and Environmental Protection, Mekelle University; P.O.B-231, Mekelle, Ethiopia; E-mail: fyimamu@gmail.com
Abstract: Significant
proportions of the landmasses of Ethiopia are covered by
massive and continuous Rocky Mountains of different geological origin
and composition, which can be useful even for organic farming. In
the last decade, in fight against the recurrent drought in the north
Ethiopian State of Tigray more than 46
dams have been constructed with a cumulative storage capacity
and irrigable area of 49.91 million m3 and 3115 ha,
respectively. However, in
the irrigated fields of these dams, salt minerals like thenardite (Na2SO4),
halite (NaCl), zincobloedite (Na2Zn(SO4)2.4H2O),
and anorthoclase (Na,K)(Si3Al)O8 have
been observed recently, which can cause sodicity
thereby crop
productivity can be impaired gradually. A list of management
options should be tabled urgently before the problem is
aggravated. Large gypsum deposit was found in the localities of
the irrigated fields. Thus, this study attempted to
evaluate the quality of these minerals whether they can be
useful for agricultural purposes. Analysis revealed that up to
150 cm of the profile depth of the rock was mainly composed of
gypsum (95%) with the predominance of oxides of S (43.5-46.6%
SO3-2) and Ca (32.1-33.5% CaO). The oxides in the sampled rock
followed the order of: SO3-2> CaO>SiO2>Al2O3>Fe2O3>MgO>Na2O>K2O>TiO2>MnO>P2O5 with the
finest particle size (81.7-90%) dominating over other sizes. This
study has come to the conclusion that Adigudom
gypsum deposit can be used as rock for crops through enhancing sodicity management and sulphur
nutrition. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):9-14]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keyword: Adigudom
gypsum, agromineral, microdams, sodic
soils, sulphur nutrition
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Morphology, Fecundity and diet of Galeoides decadactylus (Pisces: Polynemidae)
(Bloch, 1795) off Nigerian coast
*EMMANUEL B.E, GBESAN, K and OSIBONA, A.O.
Department
of Marine Sciences, Faculty of
Sciences, University of Lagos Akoka,
Lagos, Nigeria.
monetemi@yahoo.com
Abstract: Galeoides
decadactylus (Bloch) is one of the three species of
the family polynemidae commonly
called the threadfins, found in warm tropical surface water of
the Atlantic on the continental shelf of West Africa. They are
important in the trawl fisheries of Nigeria. The specimens used
for this study were collected off Nigerian coast from Lagos to Calabar between December, 2003 and
November, 2004. In this study the length-frequency distribution,
length - weight relationship, condition factor, sex ratio,
fecundity, food and feeding habits of Galeoides decadactylus
were examined.
Measurements recorded for each fish were standard length
(SL) and total length (TL) to the nearest 1mm and weight to the
nearest 0.1g. Sexes of fish were determined by visual and
microscopic examination of the gonads. Fecundity was estimated
from the ripe ovaries (stage v) by the gravimetric method. The Gonadotropic Index (GI) and the Condition
Factor (K) were calculated. Food items were quantified by two
methods, the numerical and frequency of occurrence methods. The
total length of 259 specimens examined ranged between 12.0cm
and 28.3cm (standard length 9.9cm to 20.8cm). Specimens exhibited negative allometric growth. The condition factor increased
with individual size.
Females had a slightly higher condition factor than
males. The sex ratio was
1:0.46 (male:female).
The number of eggs per female ranged between 58 001 and 279 279.
There was a negative correlation between log-fecundity
and log-weight than between log-fecundity and log length. The major food items were
crustaceans, molluscs, pisces and annelids. There were no distinctions in
the feeding habits of the species in relation to size. The fish was euryphagus species and highly fecund. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):15-23].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
Key words:
Galeoides decadactylus,
fecundity, allometric growth,
condition factor, euryphagus.
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Elemental Analysis of Satluj
River Water Using EDXRF
Prem Singh*
and J.P. Saharan$
*Dept. of Physics, S.D. College
(Lahore) Ambala Cantt.,
$Dept. of Chemistry, S.D. College
(Lahore) Ambala Cantt.
Corresponding
author: * pspundir1@gmail.com
Abstract:
A
systematic study was carried out to explore the concentration
of different low-Z elements present in the water samples of Satluj River in Himachal Pradesh, India. Water
samples from four different locations were collected and
analyzed for elemental analysis. In this study, energy
dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technique has been
employed. The degree of elemental pollution and the suitability
of the river water for drinking purpose were assessed. A
close look at the elemental concentration in water samples of
different locations shows variation in concentrations but
elements are within the safe limits as prescribed by Bureau of
Indian Standards (BIS)
and World Health Organization (WHO). The concentration of Ca
and Fe is little higher. “[Nature and Science. 2010;8(3): 24-28]. (ISSN: 1545-0740)”.
Keywords: EDXRF, Water Quality,
x-ray tube, Pollution, Elemental Analysis
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CATTLE BABESIOSIS AND
ASSOCIATED BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATION IN
KALUBYIA GOVERNORATE.
Ola, F. A. Talkhan**; Mervat
E. I. Rdwan.*; Ali. M. A**
* Veterinary Hospital
–Benha University **Animal Health
Research Institute, Shebin El-kom.
drofscience@ymail.com
Abstract
:
Members
of genus babesia are tick transmitted
intra erythrocytes proto zoon parasites, many species are of
considerable economic importance in live stock industry,
additionally some species are zoonotic
and affected on human health, so this investigation performed
to differentiated between traditional and some modern methods
for diagnosis of bovine babesiosis, a
total of 100 animals from private farms located in different
places in Kalubia aged from 1-3 years
the samples were collected from clinically infected animals
that suffered from fever (41 C°) , Anorexia, depression, weakness,
pale mucos membrane, emaciation,
weight loss hemoglobin urea with accelerate heart and
respiratory rates and animals appearan
healthy in contact with this animals, laboratory examination
two blood samples were collected from each animals from juglar vein samples with anticoagulant for
blood film stain and PCR while second without anticoagulant for
biochemical the result of our study revealed a great
significant Increase in urea , creatinine,
AST, Alt and globulin in clinical cases of babesia
bigemina but non significant changes
in sub clinical cases
Also the result revealed significant increase in serum iron
,Total iron binding
capacity transfferin total protein,
However There are non
significant increase in albumin and A/G ration. 2010;8(3):29-36]. (ISSN:
1545-0740).
Keywords:
Babesiosis, Cattle, Early diagnosis, Pathogenic
Alteration.
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Awareness of Urban and Rural People
Regarding Polythene Ban in Rajshahi
Division, Bangladesh
1,2Abul Hasnat
Md. Shamim, 2Md. Abu Taleb and 3Md. Anisur Rahman
1Department of Environmental Management
Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Science
& Technology, Okayama
University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
2School of Agriculture & Rural
Development, Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur-1705,
Bangladesh
3School of Social Science, Humanities &
Language, Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur-1705, Bangladesh
abulhasnats@yahoo.com
Abstract: The
awareness of the urban and rural people regarding the ban on
polythene bags was studied in Rajshahi
division. Information was collected from urban and rural people
to know their views after a period of 4 years of ban on
polythene bags. The surveys included interview schedule,
observations and discussions with the users. The largest part
of the respondents were congratulated the decision of the
government on ban of polythene bags. About 97.3 % of urban and
76 % of rural people was in favour of
ban of polythene and a few of the respondents (2.7 %) were in disfavour in case of urban whereas in rural
it was 24 %. Majority of the users were ignorant about the
hazardous impacts of polythene bags on the health (urban 24 and
rural 1.3 %). [Nature and
Science 2010;8(3):37-40]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keyword: Awareness, polythene bags, ban and
environment.
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Biochemical
Studies on Nephroprotective Effect of
Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Growing in Egypt
Mahgoub M. Ahmed
Molecular Drug Evaluation Dep., National Organisation
for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR). Egypt
dr_mahgoub1@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT: Reactive
oxygen species and free radicals are involved in the nephrotoxicity induced by the synthetic
anticancer drug cisplatin. The nephroprotective effects of carob pods and
leaves (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) was
investigated using cisplatin (10
mg/kg body weight, i.p.) to induce
oxidative renal damage in mice. The results showed that cisplatin administration caused abnormal
renal functions in all studied mice. Serum urea and creatinine concentrations were
significantly highered (P<0.5) in
the cisplatin alone treated (control)
group compared to the normal group. The concentrations of serum
creatinine and urea in the carob pods
(200 mg/kg body weight) treated group were reduced to 57.5% and
51.5%, respectively, with respect to the control group. Also, cisplatin
induced decline of renal antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide
dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT),
glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, but the treatment of carob
pods and leaves (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.)
significantly attenuated the cisplatin-induced
nephrotoxicity. Both pods and leaves
of carob at 100 and 200 mg/kg increased the concentration of
reduced glutathione (GSH) and protected against the increase of
cisplatin-induced lipid peroxidation. In addition, treatment with cisplatin increased the activity of cathepsin D, RNase
II, DNase II and acid phosphatase. The treatment of carob pods
and leaves (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.)
improved the activity of lysosomal
enzymes nearly to the normal group. In conclusion, carob leaves
and pods may be effective to protect from oxidative renal
damage and the leaves are the better nephroprotective
agent than pods. The protection may be mediated partially by
preventing the decline of renal antioxidant statues. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):41-47].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
Key words: nephrotoxicity; carob; cisplatin;
antioxidant enzymes; lysosomal
enzymes
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Genotypic Variability for Agronomic and Yield
Characters in Some Cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata
(L.) Walp.)
D. O. Idahosa1 J. E. Alika2 and A.
U. Omoregie1
1. Department of Crop Science, Ambrose
Alli University, Ekpoma,
Nigeria
2. Department of Crop Science,
University of Benin, Nigeria.
E-mail: danielidahosa@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Cultivated species of crops are usually variable because of
artificial selection under diverse environments of which cowpea
is not exception. Consequently, genotypic variability study was
conducted with eight parent line cowpeas to evaluate some
genetic parameters namely coefficient of variation, genetic
variance and heritability estimates in the broad-sense. Per se
mean performance was variable among the genotypes for all
characters investigated which indicated the superiority of some
parent lines. Highly significant heritability effects were
observed for all characters except for 100-seed weight (42.2%)
which expressed moderate heritability estimate. Days to 50%
flowering, pod length, pod weight and grain yield characters
showed that some levels of genetic variability existed.
Consequently, progress could be made from selection and
improvement for those characters. [Nature
and Science 2010;8(3):48-55]. (ISSN:
1545-0740).
Keywords: Genotypic variability, genetic
variance, coefficient of variation, heritability, cowpea.
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Effects Of
Organic, Organomineral And NPK Fertilizer Treatments On
The Quality Of Amaranthus Cruentus
(L) On Two Soil Types In Lagos, Nigeria
*Makinde Esther. A., **O. Fagbola., **E. A. Akinrinde,
and ***E.A. Makinde
*Department of Botany, Lagos State University, Ojo Lagos.Nigeria.
**
Department ofAgronomy, Universityof Ibadan.Ibadan.Nigeria.
*** Federal
College of Agriculture. Ibadan
leyesam@gmail.com
ABSTRACT: Under tropical soils, the precise
requirement of inorganic fertilizer and its possible substitute
is yet to be validated for the production of Amaranthus cruentus
L. The nutrient requirement of A. cruentus under two soil types and
yield quality under field conditions. Field experiment was
conducted at two locations in Lagos State: Ikorodu
(Orthic Luvisol)
and Lagos State (LASU) Ojo Campus (Dystric Fluvisol)
to investigate the effects of organic
and organomineral and NPK fertilizer treatments on the
quality of Amaranthus cruentus L. Eight fertilizer
treatments. (1) Control (no fertilizer),
(2) Pacesetter’s Grade B (PGB) 100 %, (3) PGB + NPK (75:25), (4) PGB + NKP (50:50),
(5) Kola Pod Husk (KPH) 100 %, (6) KPH + NPK (75:25), (7) KPH + NPK (50:50) and (8) NPK (100 %) were tested at first
planting. Residual effects of the fertilizers were assessed in
the second and third planting periods. The experiment was arranged
in a randomized complete block design in four Replications.
Parameters assessed include proximate analysis. Data were analysed using ANOVA. The KPH + NPK (75:25)resulted
in significant (p<0.05) higher crude protein content (19.8
and 14.9 %), ether extract (8.5 and 8.2 %) while crude fibre (9.5 and 10.8 %) was lower than
control at Ikorodu and LASU
respectively. The KPH and PGB had high potential in A. cruentus production. At Ikorodu, KPH + NPK
(75:25) was the best while at LASU,
PGB + NPK (75:25)
was optimum. KPH + NPK
(75:25) gave highest crude protein content, ether extract and
lowest crude fibre in A. cruentus. [Nature
and Science 2010;8(3):56-62]. (ISSN:
1545-0740).
Keywords: Amaranthus cruentus, organomineral fertilizer,
quality and soil type
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Analysis on the Parking demand of the Commercial Buildings
Considering the Public Transport Accessibility
——Commercial Buildings in Beijing as an Example
Huanmei Qin 1, Qing Xiao 1,
Hongzhi Guan 1, Xiaosong Pan 1
1. Beijing Key
Laboratory of Traffic Engineering, Beijing University of
Technology, Beijing 100124, China
hmqin@bjut.edu.cn
Abstract: Parking
index is the fundamental basis for the buildings’ parking
supply in city. Researches on the parking demand takes prepare
for establishing the buildings’ parking index. Based on the
parking survey of the commercial buildings in Beijing, this
paper first analyzes the parking demand of the shopping centre
and supermarkets. Further it analyzes the relationship between the
parking demand of the commercial buildings and the public
transport accessibility. The conclusion is that the parking
demand rate of the shopping centre and supermarkets decreases
with the increasing of the public transport accessibility. It also
provides the parking demand rate under the different levels of the
public transport accessibility and the parking demand model
with the accessibility. The conclusions are valuable for the researches
on the parking demand and the making of the parking index for the
commercial buildings. [Nature and Science. 2010;8(3):63-68]. (ISSN: 1545-0740)
Key words: commercial buildings;
public transport accessibility; parking demand analysis;
parking index
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Probiotic Activity of L. acidophilus
against Major Food-borne Pathogens Isolated from Broiler
Carcasses.
Sherein* I. Abd
El-Moez1, Ahmed F.Y.2, Samy A.A. 1, Aisha R.Ali3
1. Department of Microbiology and
Immunology - National Research Center Cairo Egypt.
2. Department of Animal
Reproduction and A.I. - National Research Center Cairo Egypt.
3. Serology unit -Animal
Health Institute Cairo Egypt
*shereinabdelmoez@yahoo.com, yfahmed54@yahoo.com,
Ayman_Samy@hotmail.com
Abstract: C.jejuni
E.coli and S. typhimurium
are the principal food borne pathogens in poultry industry. The
first experiment tested the effectiveness of different strains
of Lactobacillus as in vitro as probiotic
against C. jejuni E.coli O157 and S. typhimurium Result showed that L.acidophilus isolated from
colostrums of mare and goat showed the widest inhibition zone
against C. jejuni E.coli O157 and S. typhimurium strains compared to the use
of L.acidophilus isolated from
goat and cattle milk.
The second experiment evaluate the efficiency of L. acidophilus isolated
from mare colostrums showing highest in vitro inhibition
activity against tested strains as in vivo probiotic against C. jejuni
isolated from broiler carcasses. The result showed great
inhibition of C. jejuni E.coli O157 and S. typhimurium strains by the use of L.acidophilus in comparing to the
use of antibiotics. In
the second experiment; four groups of adult albino rats were
used; group (1) control negative, group (2) rats orally
administrated by L. acidophilus only from the start of
experiment till the 14th day, group (3) rats
challenged only with C. jejuni
and group (4) orally administrated by L. acidophilus
from the start of experiment till the 14th day at
the 7th day they were challenged with C. jejuni. Result showed that the third
group showed the highest rate of reisolation
of C.jejuni (0.80±0.16 from
fecal swabs and 0.84±0.17 from the internal organs) as well as
major pathological lesions in the tested organs in the form of granulomatus reaction in the lung tissue
infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lung tissue
thickening of wall of blood vessels with alveolar emphysema. Congestion
hemorrhages of renal blood capillaries and coagulative
necrosis of the renal tissue as well as degeneration and
necrosis of hepatocytes with
proliferation of fibrous tissue. The forth group pretreated
with L. acidophilus Showed lower rate of isolation of C.jejuni (0.08±0.02 from fecal swabs
and 0.04±0.01 from internal organs. The pathological findings
of the internal organs showed minor lesions in the form of
interstitial pneumonia and inflammatory cellular infiltration
in the lung Swelling and degeneration of renal epithelium and hepatocytic degeneration with infiltration
of inflammatory cells. The second group which was only treated
with L.acidophilus showed no reisolation of C.jejuni
as well as no pathological lesions were detected except a minor
lesion in the liver in the form of diffused vacuolar
degeneration in hepatocytes. Results
develop a safe method for competing food borne pathogens in
edible animals and suggest the need for probiotics
to hinder the spread of highly pathogenic zoonotic
bacteria transmitted by animal food by products. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):69-78].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
Key words: C. jejuni;
L. acidophilus; probiotics;
in vivo, antibiotic sensitivity, rat.
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Tracking
the Invasion Pathway:
Assesment of α-Diversity and Invasiveness
of Alien Ornamental Plants of Srinagar(Kashmir, J&K), India
Shabana
Aslam1, *Khursheed
Ahmad Ganaie2, AQ John3 and GH Dar1
1. Department
of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J& K,
India190006
2. Department
of Botany, Islamia college of Science
and Commerce, Srinagar, J& K, India 190006
3. Division
of Floriculture, Medicinal and Aromatic plants, SKUAST-
Kashmir, J& K, India 191121
Shabana_botany@yahoo.com;
khursheedtrali@yahoo.co.in
Abstract: The valley of Kashmir
is famous for its marvellous
landscape which attracts tourists from all along the globe. The
landscaping of this heavenly abode predominantly involves alien
ornamental plants. The present study puts on record the alien
ornamental flora of Srinagar Kashmir, and thus, is a first
compilation of alien ornamental flora of the region. The study
enlists the occurrence of 271 exotic ornamental species
distributed in 187 genera, belonging to 85 families, therefore
piling up the total number of alien plant species in the
Kashmir Himalayas to 704. The taxonomic composition analysis of
alien ornamental flora of the region revealed that dicots are represented by 223 species (82%)
belonging to 151 genera and 65 families while as monocots
comprised of 39 species (15%) dispersed in 28 genera and 13 families.
Gymnosperms are represented by 9 species (3%), 8 genera and 7
families. Asteraceae (11.07%), Rosaceae (9.59%), Oleaceae
(4.79%) are the largest families of exotic ornamental plants
introduced into the Kashmir Himalayas. Out of 85 families, 42
are represented by a single genus and single species. The
highest number of alien ornamental species have come from the
continent Asia (31%) followed by Europe (30%) and North America
(20%). The study reports the occurrence of 133 alien ornamental
species for the first time from Kashmir Himalayas. Our analysis
of alien species establishment and invasion is not in
consonance with Williamson’s tens rule and proposes that
human assisted species selection, introduction and
establishment change the entire dimensions of tens rule to
maximum values in invasion biology. [Nature
and Science 2010;8(3):79-95]. (ISSN:
1545-0740).
Key words: Exotic, alien, ornamental flora, Kashmir,
Himalayas, New records
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Influence
of dietary commercial Beaker's yeast, Saccharomyces
cerevisae on growth performance,
survival and immunostimulation of Oreochromis niloticus
challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila.
H A M, Osman1, Taghreed,
B Ibrahim1, W E, Soliman1 and Maather, M Monier2
1. Hydrobiology
Dept. National Research Center Dokki,
Egypt.
2. Fish diseases
and management Dept.Fac.of Vet.Med.Seuz Canal Univ.Egypt.
dr.hussien_osman@yahoo.com
Abstract: Eight weeks feeding trials were
conducted to examine the effect of dietary commercial brewer's
yeast, (Beaker's yeast), Saccharomyces
cerevisiae on growth performance,
survival and immunostimulation of
Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Brewer's yeast supplemented
at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 6 gm/kg diet A, B, C, D and E respectively.
Each diet was fed to triplicate group of O. niloticus with initial body weight at
77.39 ± 5.33 g at 8 weeks feeding period. Control group fed non
supplemented diet at total period of experiment. Final weight,
weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (CF)
were recorded, and the optimum growth performance were obtained
with 3.0 g yeast/kg diet. Physiological and biochemical
parameters (RBCs count, Hb concentration, HCT value, glucose and
lipids of fish), cellular immune parameters (total leucocytic count, phagocytic
activity) and hormonal immune parameters (Total protein,
albumin, globulin and lysozyme
concentration) were significantly elevated than the control
group( fed on A diet) and improved in O. niloticus
fed brewer's yeast up to 3.0 g/kg diet. After experimental
period (8 weeks) fish from each group were challenged by
pathogenic Aeromonas
hydrophila IP, kept under
observation for 7 days, total fish mortality, clinical signs
were recorded, and mortality percent decreased with the increase
of yeast level in fish diets. [Nature
and Science 2010;8(3):96-103]. (ISSN:
1545-0740).
Keywords: Oreochromis niloticus ; brewer's yeast ; growth performance
; immuno-stimulation ; condition
factor ; immune promoters ;
Aeromonas hydrophila.
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Quadratic Model for Predicting the
Concentration of Dissolved Iron Relative to the Initial and
Final Solution pH during Oxalic Acid Leaching of Iron Oxide Ore
Chukwuka I. Nwoye
Department of
Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Federal University of
Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.
chikeyn@yahoo.com
Abstract: Model for predicting the
concentration of dissolved iron (relative to the initial and
final solution pH) during leaching of iron oxide ore in oxalic
acid solution has been derived. The model;
γ2 – βγ - 0.001N = 0
%Fe
was found
to calculate the concentration of dissolved iron being
dependent on the values of the initial and final leaching
solution pH measured during the leaching process. It was found
that the validity of the model is rooted on the expressions D =
1000%Fe where both sides of each expression are correspondingly
approximately almost equal. The maximum deviation of the
model-predicted values of %Fe (dissolved) from the
corresponding experimental values was found to be less than 28%
which is quite within the acceptable range of deviation limit
of experimental results. The value of the assumed coefficient
of the dilution (N) was calculated to be 197.527. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):104-109].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
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Model for the Calculation of the
Concentration of Sulphur Removed
during Oxidation of Iron Oxide Ore by Powdered Potassium
Chlorate
Chukwuka I. Nwoye
Department of
Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Federal University of
Technology, Owerri, Nigeria. chikeyn@yahoo.com
Abstract: Model for the calculation of the
concentration of sulphur removed
(during oxidation of iron oxide ore by powdered potassium
chlorate) has been derived. The model;
%S = 0.0717
Logα
was found to
predict the concentration
of sulphur removed, very close to the
corresponding %S values obtained from the actual experimental
process. It was found that the model is dependent on the values
of the weight input of the oxidant (KClO3) during the
desulphurization process. The validity of the model is believed
to be rooted in the expression [(α)β%S]
= T/γkn where both
sides of the expression are approximately equal to 2. The
positive or negative deviation of each of the model-predicted
values of %S from those of the corresponding experimental
values was found to be less than 30% which is quite within the
range of acceptable deviation limit of experimental results. [Nature
and
Science 2010;8(3):110-114]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keywords: Model, Sulphur
Removed, Iron Oxide Ore, Oxidation, Potassium
Chlorate.
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16
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Electrogastrograhy As A Diagnostic Tool For
Overlapping Dyspepsia In
Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients
Engy Yousry Elsayed,
MD
Department of
Internal Medicine, Ain Shams
University, Cairo, Egypt, ashorengy@yahoo.com
Abstract: Introduction: Distinguishing between irritable
bowel syndrome (IBS) and functional
dyspepsia can be challenging because of the variations in
symptom patterns, which commonly overlap. Although the
principles of electrogastrography
(EGG) have been known for years, it is contrvesial
whether alteration of gastric electrical activity(GEA)
could be of clinical relevance in functional gastrointestinal
disorders. Aim of the
work was to assess the role of electrogastrography
and gastric emptying in diagnosis of overlapping dyspepsia in
patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Subjects and methods: 120
patients with IBS were compared with 60 healthy controls. EGG
was performed before and after a standard meal. Furthermore,
gastric emptying (GE) and symptom scores were assessed. Results: Of 120 IBS
patients, 52 (43.3%) had dyspeptic symptoms as well as delayed
gastric emptying. IBS patients with overlapping dyspepsia
showed significantly more bradygastria
(26.9%) than controls (5.9%) (P < 0.01) , also they had statistically significant
lower PR compared to non dyspeptic patients(2.1±1.3 vs. 2.9±1.6
respectively P<0.05), moreover gastric emptying time was
delayed in IBS patients with overlapping dyspepsia (14.7±1.8) compared to those without dyspeptic complaints
and controls (10± 1.27
& 10.6±2.1 respectively) (P<0.01). Conclusion and recommendation: IBS patients with
overlapping dyspepsia frequently reveal impaired gastric
emptying and increased bradygastria,
lack of a postprandial increase in the EGG amplitude, which may
have pathophysiological significance
in these patients .Using both EGG and gastric emptying test can
aid in the detection of functional disorders associating IBS
and therefore achieve greater patient satisfaction with their
treatment. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):115-120]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keywords:
Electrogastrography, functional dyspepsia,
gastric emptying, irritable bowel syndrome.
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Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Diversity of Asteraceae in Uttarakhand
Vinod Kumar Bisht*1 &Vineet
Purohit1
1Herbal Research & Development
Institute, Gopeshwar - 246 401, Uttarakhand, India.
*E-mail: vksbisht@gmail.com; vksbisht@rediffmail.com
Abstract: Geographically Uttarakhand
represents six eco-climatic regions from 300 m asl to 7817 m asl,
and abode to a variety of medicinal and aromatic plants, and
their products are being used by local communities from time
immemorial. Asteraceae is the largest
family of medicinal and aromatic plants in Uttarakhand.
The species of the family are growing from low altitude of Tarai Bhabar to
the alpine. There are annual, biennial or perennial herbs, under
shrubs, shrubs. This paper includes the database on various
aspects of medicinal plants of the family Asteraceae
in the state. The database on various aspects includes species
richness, genera richness, medicinal use and altitude for the
different species of the family Asteraceae.
Nature and Science. 2010;8(3):121-128]. (ISSN: 1545-0740).
Key Words: asteraceae,
diversity, medicinal and aromatic plants
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18
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An issue of
improvement in Annual land use planning
Bolormaa Batsuuri
Faculty of
Earth Sciences of National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201,
Mongolia. bolor_8315@yahoo.com
Abstract: The part
where the mathematic modeling and GIS modeling are
being established and
formulated is the major system of decision supporting system,
and taking into account the criterions of making the GIS
modeling, \in this thesis\ it will be easily established using
all types of relevant information. Models that base on relevant
information and criterions are most likely to effectively serve
the decision makers and the users of the modeling. In order to follow the world
standard and freely transfer geographic information in an
international environment, the process of reforming meta data
standard of GIS in Mongolia is basing on researches of
international meta data standard of GIS (ISO
19115). Therefore the meta data standard have been processed adapting into
certain conditions of Mongolia. The territory of Ulaanbaatar
city is selected as the research object and including the total
territory, researches on today’s pressing issues of land
administration, land legislation, land cadastre, and land
planning have been made thoroughly and the objectives of this
thesis have been put forward in resolving issues in urban land
use planning. When processing the land use planning of the
capital in 2009, taking into account the results from the 3.3.1
and using the GIS analyzing and GAP assessment tools, it is now
possible to extend the serving area. Two types of construction
standards those are observed in Mongolia used in order to
set\establish serving area of commerce in Ulaanbaatar city. [Nature and Science 2010;8(3):129-138].
(ISSN: 1545-0740).
Keywords: Annual land use planning, Geographic
information system, assessment, land administration, meta data
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