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Sum Of Forces In A Force – A work in the conclusion of Fermat's last theorem and in Beal's conjecture.

Nikolaos Kritikos

Retired Professor Of Mathematics Compulsory Education

kritiknick@gmail.com

Abstract: The Pythagorean theorem and the integer triads are and affirm this necessary condition where two integral triads cannot be presented with two identical values in both as perpendicular, vertical and perpendicular hypotenuse. This condition is the cause for which Fermat's theorem cannot have validity, (cannot have solutions), for an exponent even and force of 2. For any other even exponents that has an odd factor, the proof goes back to the case of the unnecessary exponent, because: If there is a factor of ω so as 2κ=ω×φ then Χ^2κ+Υ^2κ=Ζ^2κ becomes (Χ^φ)^ω+(Υ^φ)^ω=(Ζ^φ)^ω where ω is an odd number. If Α^Χ+Β^Y=C^Ζ, where A, B, C, X, Y, Z. positive integers and X, Y, Z are all greater than 2, then A, B and C must have a common factor.

[Nikolaos Kritikos. Sum Of Forces In A Force A work in the conclusion of Fermat's last theorem and in Beal's conjecture. Academ Arena 2016;8(7):1-5]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 1. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.01.

Keywords: Pythagorean theorem; force; integer triads

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The Impact of Leadership to Apply the Principles of Total Quality Management: Algerian Company

Dr MEZRIG Achour¹, Dr BOUGUESRI Sarra²

Faculty of economic and management –University of Chlef –Algeria -02000

¹ Associate Professor-A; e-mail: achourmoncef28@yahoo.fr

²Associate Professor –B; e-mail: sara9002007@yahoo.fr

Abstract: In today’s environment, the competition between companies requires the adaptation of new concepts in management like Total Quality Management, Just In Time....So to apply these concepts it is useful to have a good leader with a high skills. The aim of this research is to study the role of the leadership to achieve the objective of the total quality management in Algerian companies. To investigate the relationship between the leadership and the principles of TQM, we choose a field research using an Algerian company (Dairy Arib), with 60 respondent in administrative level choosing randomly. The results show that the behavioural characteristics have a great impact on the employees more than the method used to take decisions to implement the five principles of total quality management.

[Mezrig Achour, Bouguesri Sarra. The Impact of Leadership to Apply the Principles of Total Quality Management: Algerian Company. Academ Arena 2016;8(7):6-11]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 2. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.02.

Key words: leadership – total quality management – field research – Algerian company

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Peculiarities of the electronic educational-methodical complex on studying branch of physics called «Mechanical vibrations and waves»

Tursunmetov K.A.¹, Sheraliev S.S.²

¹National University of Uzbekistan, professor.

²Doctorate student in National University of Uzbekistan.

Abstract: Annotation: This article states the aspects of using of curricular-pedagogical means in teaching physics, as well as revealing the content and features of the electronic educational-methodical complex called ‘Virtual laboratory work on mechanical vibration and waves’.

[Tursunmetov K.A., Sheraliev S.S. Peculiarities of the electronic educational-methodical complex on studying branch of physics called «Mechanical vibrations and waves». Academ Arena 2016;8(7):12-15]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 3. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.03.

Keywords: vibrations, waves, curricular-pedagogical means, laboratory work, virtual laboratory work, animation, electronic educational-methodical complex.

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Evaluation the losses of irrigation on the performed constant classic sprinkler systems in Fars-Eghleid, Iran

Saeed Boroomand Nassab ^*, Samane kazemi, Zahra Izad panah

Department of water Science Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

boroomandsaeed@yahoo.com

Abstract: The use of sprinkler irrigation methods is one of the effective ways to saving of irrigation water. If these systems are properly designed, implemented and managed, will cause to reduce water losses and increase uniformity of water distribution. In this study, eight sprinkler irrigation system (constant classic with portable sprinklers) was chosen as samples and evaluation in the Eghleid city. The average value of the losses deep percolation, evaporation and drift losses, application efficiency and combined efficiency calculated in order 5.31, 12.83, 50 and 82.09 percent in the constant classic system. The lowest application efficiency of the systems is respectively GK₂, GK₃, GK₆ and GK₈. The most efficiency combination is related to GK₄ system that has the least amount of losses irrigation. Decrease in application and efficiency is caused the high losses can be reduced the amount of losses by choosing interval and time of a proper irrigation. The simultaneous use of the large number of sprinklers, using several types of sprinklers on a farm and their improper intervals are the main reason that causes the low level of uniformity of water distribution systems.

[Boroomand Nasab, S., Kazemi, S., and Izad panah, Z. Evaluation the losses of irrigation on the performed constant classic sprinkler systems in Fars-Eghleid, Iran. Academ Arena 2016;8(7):16-19]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 4. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.04.

Keywords: deep percolation; evaporation ; wind removal; combination efficiency; application efficiency

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Survey of palm grovesposition in rural community economic (case study: villages of Abadan & Arvand Kenar)

Hamid Khalafi¹, Dr. Eynollah Khalili²

^1.  Department of Geography And Rural Planning, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

^2.  Department of Geography And Rural Planning, Assistant Professor, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the palm groves of rural Draqtsadjamh (Case Study of Rural Abadan and Arvandkenar), which was conducted in 1392. The aim of applied research is descriptive survey was conducted. The main tool for data collection, questionnaires and interviews, their livelihood, simple charts the data obtained were analyzed. Results showed that the mean area under cultivation in the region dates for each beneficiary 6/1 Hktarv data types include: Astmrvn, Barhi, Gantar, Balyânî, Fersi, Zahedi, Khazravi, and Berim you. According to data on Sayer dates Nkhldaran date production is the most important figure. The findings also showed that the development of palm groves can be effective on Drbalabrdn the livelihoods of rural communities, as well as reducing migration from rural to urban society can be obtained from the current income of the sample (about 22 million USD per yearcould be one of these sources of income.

[Hamid Khalafi, Eynollah Khalili. Survey of palm grovesposition in rural community economic (case study:villages of Abadan & Arvand Kenar). Academ Arena 2016;8(7):20-25]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 5. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.05.

Key words: Groves, business center, the rural economy

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新时间和空间理论

Jiang, Chun-Xuan (蒋春暄)

Institute for Basic Research, Palm Harbor, FL34682-1577, USA

And: P. O. Box 3924, Beijing 100854, China

jiangchunxuan@sohu.com, cxjiang@mail.bcf.net.cn, jcxuan@sina.com, Jiangchunxuan@vip.sohu.com, jcxxxx@163.com

摘要: 物理学百年来出现许多问题。主要没有把时间和空间问题搞清楚。闵考夫斯基没有把时间和空间有机结合，从它不可能建立正确时空理论。本文把时空有机结合把亚光速世界和超光速世界共存建立新时空理论，回答当代所有物理问题。牛顿引力是猜想，爱因斯坦引力是错误的。推出新引力公式。在旋转运动时，亚光速粒子（慢子）产生离心力，而超光速粒子（快子）产生向心力，即引力。本文证明量子纠缠暗物质暗能量黑洞和引力波都不存在。本文理论上证明国家十二五科技创新成就展：2015年自然科学一等奖量子通信和暗物质粒子探测器卫星都是错误的。我不是与中科院过不去，希望中科院对世界科学作出贡献，百年来基础物理学方向是错的。中科院不应该紧跟西方走，西方干什么中科院就干什么。中科院支持西方工作不支中国自已的工作。希望习近平李克强支持中国自已创新工作。本文证明量子通信是超距作用超光速传播和暗物质，这些都不存在。如果你们认为要继续量子通信研究，那就继续下去。我目标是对西方挑战，要他们理解他们所做的工作量子纠缠引力波暗物质和暗能量是错误的。中国应该允许不同观点存在，这样中国科学才能发展。中科院不支持我的工作，只能向国内外宣传。潘建伟说：“需要一个理论把量子纠缠推导出来？而不能仅仅是利用量子力学计算出来。” 潘建伟也不理解量子纠缠是什么？

[Jiang, Chun-Xuan (蒋春暄). 新时间和空间理论. Academ Arena 2016;8(7):26-30]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 6. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.06.

Keywords: 物理; 时间; 空间; 闵考夫斯基; 时空理论; 光速; 牛顿; 爱因斯坦; 引力; 量子; 量子纠缠; 暗物质

New Time-Space Theory

Jiang, Chun-Xuan

Institute for Basic Research, Palm Harbor, FL34682-1577, USA

And: P. O. Box 3924, Beijing 100854, China

jiangchunxuan@sohu.com, cxjiang@mail.bcf.net.cn, jcxuan@sina.com, Jiangchunxuan@vip.sohu.com, jcxxxx@163.com

Abstract: We establish new time-space theory. From it we can prove that dark matter, dark energy, gravitational waves, black holes quantum entanglements and quantum computers do not exist. From it we deduce new gravitational formula. In rotating motion subluminal particles (tardyons) produce centrifugal force, superluminal particles (tachyons) produce centripetal force, that is gravity.

[Jiang, Chun-Xuan New Time-Space Theory. Academ Arena 2016;8(7):26-30]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 6. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.06.

Keywords: time-space theory; dark matter; dark energy; gravitational waves; black hole; quantum entanglement; particle

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评周明生长篇新作《古蜀宝墩》

杨税张, 林傅钱

Recommended: 王德奎, 研究员, 中国四川巷子深酒业有限责任公司, 成都市蓉都大道天回路 95 号, 成都, 四川 610083, 中国, y-tx@163.com; 张洞生, 17 Pontiac Road, West Hartford, CT 06117-2129, U.S.A. zhangds12@hotmail.com; zds@outlook,com

Abstract: 宝墩大遗址的考古发掘并不理想，出土的实物较少，普通游人认为缺乏可看性。有人提议，既然《古蜀宝墩》为宝墩文化博览园，提供了后远古联合国文化规划设计的崭新的思路，如作品在后远古联合国文化中挖掘，其恢弘、瑰丽和神秘，与现实观照契合，是耐人寻味后远古联合国文化的一部遥远成都平原的史诗，何不在未来的宝墩文化博览园中，设立一个以《古蜀宝墩》为内容的“宝墩遗址衍生文化陈列馆”，借此吸引游人，使之身临其境。如在该陈列馆中，以情景雕塑、蜡像、绘画和文字的方式，展示长篇小説《古蜀宝墩》的主要人物、相关故事的主要场景，给人以过目不忘的深刻印象。尤其是注意设置情景雕塑，采用全景式油画展示其背景，塑造各具情态的人物圆雕，配上逼真的现实场景，并辅之以渲染氛围的音响，足以造成震撼心灵的艺术效果。还可以请画家进行连环画《古蜀宝墩》创作，根据《古蜀宝墩》的内容，创作油画和中国画，进行以《古蜀宝墩》为内容的美术作品的竞赛和展览。与影视公司合作，将《古蜀宝墩》拍成长篇电视连续剧，在相关卫视播出。这样名扬天下的宝墩大遗址博览园，便能顺理成章地成为广大游人的旅游目的地。

[杨税张, 林傅钱. 评周明生长篇新作《古蜀宝墩》. Academ Arena 2016;8(7):31-43]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 7. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.07.

Keywords: 宝墩大遗址; 考古; 发掘; 《古蜀宝墩》; 博览园

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从张崇安非介质波到施郁说量子电磁波（7） - 话说引力五熵证明的神奇之旅

曾富

Recommended: 王德奎, 研究员, 中国四川巷子深酒业有限责任公司, 成都市蓉都大道天回路 95 号, 成都, 四川 610083, 中国, y-tx@163.com; 张洞生, 17 Pontiac Road, West Hartford, CT 06117-2129, U.S.A. zhangds12@hotmail.com; zds@outlook,com

Abstract: 贝叶斯推断是一种应用于不确定性条件下的决策的统计方法。贝叶斯推断的显著特征是，为了得到一个统计结论能够利用先验信息和样本信息。贝叶斯概率是由贝叶斯理论所提供的一种对概率的解释，贝叶斯理论是可以用作根据新的信息导出或者更新现有的置信度的规则。皮埃尔-西蒙•拉普拉斯证明贝叶斯定理的更普遍的版本，可以用于解决天体力学、医学统计中的问题，甚至用于法理学。但他并不认为该定理对于概率论很重要。贝叶斯(1701-1761)，英国牧师、业余数学家。为了证明上帝的存在，他发明了概率统计学原理。1742年成为英国皇家学会会员。贝叶斯在数学方面主要研究概率论。他首先将归纳推理法用于概率论基础理论，并创立了贝叶斯统计理论，对于统计决策函数、统计推断、统计的估算等做出了贡献。他的著作《机会问题的解法》对于现代概率论和数理统计产生了重要的影响。贝叶斯的另一著作《机会的学说概论》发表于1758年。贝叶斯所采用的许多术语被沿用至今。从二十世纪20~30年代开始，概率统计学出现了“频率学派”和“贝叶斯学派”的争论，至今，两派的恩恩怨怨仍在继续。

[曾富. 从张崇安非介质波到施郁说量子电磁波（7） - 话说引力五熵证明的神奇之旅. Academ Arena 2016;8(7):44-54]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 8. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.08.

Keywords: 贝叶斯; 统计; 信息; 天体力学; 医学; 统计; 法理学; 概率论

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张崇安非介质波到施郁说量子电磁波（8） - 话说量子引力数学走正难之旅

曾富

Recommended: 王德奎, 研究员, 中国四川巷子深酒业有限责任公司, 成都市蓉都大道天回路 95 号, 成都, 四川 610083, 中国, y-tx@163.com; 张洞生, 17 Pontiac Road, West Hartford, CT 06117-2129, U.S.A. zhangds12@hotmail.com; zds@outlook,com

Abstract: 科学研究是一种有两类客观限制的技术活动：一类是做实验的限制，这是解读自然，类似读母语文本，一见便明白，我们称为“实验形式逻辑方法”。一类是做数学的限制，这是解读形象，我们称为“数理形式本体论”，这类似读外语文本，先要翻译成母语文本。有的外语一见我们能懂，如初等数学、高等数学，因为学过。有的外语一见我们能不懂，要靠别人翻译。如搞哲学研究的说，爱因斯坦的广义相对论是讲的时空弯曲，就是靠翻译说的话，并不是爱因斯坦的广义相对论数学方程的直接表达。实际，广义相对论数学方程用的是张量数学，使用了分属于里奇张量和韦尔张量的两组类型。里奇张量指当球面围绕着物体（此处为星球）时，就有一个纯粹向内加速度类似的收缩。这类似离心对称的向心力，也类似球面庞加莱猜想的整体的收缩或扩张。而韦尔张量，类似星球的潮汐效应，是一种对称破缺中的双箭头相对加速度，也类似弦线庞加莱猜想的拉长和拉扁（弯）。所以韦尔矢量，可对应牛顿万有引力数学方程的引力矢量。牛顿力学数学方程用的矢量数学，比张量数学要初等一些，也单纯、直达一些。其次，广义相对论数学方程这个“外语文本”，类似长篇小说不是短外语文本，翻译成母语文本有“简本”和“全本”之分；而且即使是“全本”，也还有准确无误和不准确之分。爱因斯坦是物理学不是数学家，所以即使是他自己写的广义相对论数学方程，解读其物理形象也出现过错误，并且也只拿出了少许几个篇章的“简本”解读，如阐明的时空弯曲的概念。近100多年来物理学家们和数学家们，为了拿出“全本”的正确形象解读，前赴后继进行了不懈努力。

[曾富. 张崇安非介质波到施郁说量子电磁波（8） - 话说量子引力数学走正难之旅. Academ Arena 2016;8(7):55-69]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 9. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.09.

Keywords: 科学; 研究; 实验; 自然; 数理; 本体论; 时空弯曲; 相对论; 数学; 方程

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关于「終極理论」和「宇宙真理」

张洞生

17 Pontiac Road, West Hartford, CT 06117-2129, U.S.A.

zhangds12@hotmail.com; zds@outlook,com

内容摘要：宇宙的「終極理論」应能包涵其所有各部分各方面的「宇宙真理」. 「終極理論」Theory Of Everything，简称T.O.E，又称万有理论，是二十世纪六十年代以后，量子论物理学家们提出的一个标准模型理论。物理学家们即将把引力、电磁力与原子核力用单独一项数学定律来描述，它要包容所有力和物质的架构，可以合理地解释一切。爱因斯坦对‘统一场论’思索研究了30 多年而终未成功。霍金经过多年思考，现在认为，人们永远都获得不了这样的理论，所以放弃了“终极理论”. 宇宙的「終極理論」应该是能包涵宇宙中所有各部分各方面的「宇宙真理」的，应能解释和推导出宇宙中所有各种‘时空’的「宇宙真理」的。作者是不相信整个宇宙中有一个普遍适于任何‘时空’的「終極理論」的，但是宇宙中存在适用于相关事物之间的、规定一些不同性质或者不同作用的不可违反的规律，这些都是人类或可能认知的「宇宙真理」，是宇宙中相关联的部分互相作用的规律，是宇宙结构运动变化复杂性的体现。人们的智慧不可能完全彻底地认识整个宇宙的宏观和宇宙所有细微末节的微观。因此，也就不可能认识所有宇宙的过去现在和未来的「宇宙真理」，和由它们而构成的总规律—「終極理論」。何况，「宇宙真理」还会随不同时空而变化呢。人类只不过是极极大宇宙中极极小时空里的、极其稀有和极其短暂的极其渺小的过客，怎能认识到宇宙总体的「終極理論」呢？人类只能如老子所说，‘法地法天法道法自然’，才能生存在宇宙中极其短小的时空里。

[张洞生. 关于「終極理论」和「宇宙真理」. Academ Arena 2016;8(7):70-74]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 10. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.10.

关键词：終極理论；宇宙真理；马克思，爱因斯坦

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现代物理学基础的思考之四————《广义相对论的思考》

李学生 (Li Xuesheng)

山东大学副教授，理论物理教师, 中国管理科学院学术委员会特约研究员, 北京相对论研究联谊会会员，中国民主同盟盟员

xiandaiwulixue@21cn.com, 1922538071@qq.com

摘要 (Abstract): 万有引力常数G的精确测量不仅对弄清引力相互作用的性质非常关键，而且对于理论物理学、地球物理、天文学、宇宙学以及精确测量等具有重要的理论与现实意义，但它的精度至今仍不理想.自1798年英国科学家卡文迪许采用精密扭秤获得历史上第一个较为精确的万有引力常数G测量值以来，人们虽经努力，但迄今对G的测量精度仍低于万分之一.因此，万有引力常数G的精确测量作为一个热点和难点为各国科学家所关注，并投入大量人力和物力进行研究.目前测G的方法大致分三大类.地球物理学方法引力效应明显，但实验精度较低；空间测量方法面临着很多新的技术难题，目前仍在探索之中；实验室内测量是目前获得高精度G值的主要方，常用工具是精密扭秤，但其工作艰巨而又困难，实验精度的提高主要受到引力相互作用十分微弱的限制.近年来出现的利用原子干涉测量G的方法，测量精度也不高.美国研究人员为此对原子干涉测量方法进行了改进，他们将2个相同的原子干涉重力仪安装在不同的高度，在两者之间固定了重540千克的铅垂，铅垂对2个重力仪中原子所受的重力影响不同，由于增加铅垂的引力，上面的重力仪所受的重力很容易增加，下面的很容易减少，这样就可以获得仅来自于铅垂引力的差别.由于地球的引力不会影响这种差别，而与所处高度有关的地球引力作用可以通过多次重复实验消除.在这一过程中，铅垂的重量和位置的测定精度很高，因此，从该实验中计算万有引力常数相对容易.研究人员指出，虽然该实验测量G的精度达到了10万分之一，仍比要求的低20倍，但该实验证明这种方法可行.他们已经准备进行新的实验，新实验中对G 精度的测量将达到百万分之一.另外，有关专家指出，利用这种方法不仅可用来测量G，还可对在实验室中研究广义相对论有重要意义.

[李学生 (Li Xuesheng). 现代物理学基础的思考之四————《广义相对论的思考》. Academ Arena 2016;8(7):75-88]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 11. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.11.

关键词 (Keywords): 万有引力常数G; 确测量;引力; 相互作用; 理论物理学; 地球物理; 天文学; 宇宙学; 相对论

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The Research on the Crucial Techniques of PLC Rack Grinding Machine

Lyonnel Chancelvie Rodel Samba-Babingui

Department of mechanical design manufacture and automation Huazhong University of Science & Technology, China

bradnel@live.com

Abstract: This article presents new types of rack grinding machine (TSKM) in relation to the focus of high-speed precision machining. We have designed and integrated a set of grinder PLC system, refitted an experimental PLC rack grinder and researched into the control core of the NC grinder-open Programmable Multi-Axis Controller (PMAC), linear motor feed unit and high-speed electrical spindle unit. The numerical PID principle was used to adjust the system; dynamic and static performance. Time-base method of PMAC and the linear motor is micro-feed motion and the electrical spindle’s high-speed performances were used to accomplish the grinding manufacture of high-speed performance of non-circular parts. To improve a good production efficiency of rack grinding machine, several obstacles have complicated the task of optimizing a grinding process. The automation of modern production machinery becomes ever demanding: increased production efficiency; more flexibility; and easier plant integration; extensional capability; combined with lower engineering and production costs.

[Lyonnel Chancelvie Rodel Samba-Babingui. The Research on the Crucial Techniques of PLC Rack Grinding Machine. Academ Arena 2016;8(7):89-92]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 12. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.12.

Key word: Grinding Process, motion control plc, linear motor.

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Quantum Entanglement Introduction

Ma Hongbao *, Margaret Young **, Yang Yan *

* Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11212, USA, ma8080@gmail.com; ** Cambridge, MA 02138, USA

Abstract: Quantum entanglement describes when pairs or groups of particles are generated or interact in ways such that the quantum state of each particle cannot be described independently and the quantum state is a whole system. In the entangled system, the measurements of physical properties such as position, momentum, spin and polarization are on appropriately correlated. If a pair of particles are generated in such an entangled way that their total spin is zero. One particle of an entangled pair knows what measurement has been performed on the other, which at the time of measurement may be separated by arbitrarily big distances.

[Ma H, Young M, Yang Y. Quantum Entanglement Introduction. Academ Arena 2016;8(7):93-97]. ISSN 1553-992X (print); ISSN 2158-771X (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/academia. 13. doi:10.7537/marsaaj080716.13.

Key words: quantum entanglement; particle; system; physical property; position; momentum; spin; polarization

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