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Aspergillosis in livestock

Mona S. Zaki¹, Nagw S. Atta² and Nagwa S. Rabie³

¹Department of Hydrobilogy, National Research Centre, Cairo. Egypt

²Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National Research Centre, Cairo. Egypt

³Department of Poultry Diseases, National Research Centre, Cairo. Egypt

dr_mona_zaki@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: The clinical signs such as dyspnea, gasping, cyanosis and hyperemia are usually associated with the disease. However, the affected birds normally don't produce respiratory noise associated with other respiratory problems. Moreover, Aspergillosis primarily causes high morbidity and mortality especially in young chicks. Aspergilli can be isolated from environmental samples and are worldwide in distribution due to the spores of these fungal pathogens are resistant in nature and the birds as well as people who work with them, coming in contact with spores through contaminated feed or litter and may get affected after inhaling the spores. Poultry farm workers are at high risk of developing respiratory problems as they are exposed to high levels of dust containing Aspergillus spores during handling and processing of contaminated material.

[Mona S. Zaki, Nagw S. Atta and Nagwa S. Rabie. Aspergillosis in livestock (Review). Stem Cell 2017;8(1):1-2]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 1. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.01.

Keywords: Aspergillus, fungal infections, morbidity

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The Efficacy of Eicosapentaenoic acid Supplementation on the Serum Levels of Homocysteine and Malondialdehyde in the Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Mohammad Hassan Golzari¹, Saeed Hosseini², Fariba Koohdani³, Mahmoud Djalali⁴

¹MSc, Ph.D, Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

²MD, Ph.D. Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

³Ph.D. Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

⁴(Corresponding Author): Ph.D. Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract: Background: The major cause of mortality among diabetic patients is cardiovascular diseases. The high plasma or serum levels of homocysteine and malondialdehyde are known as modifiable risk factors for CVDs. EPA has the antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antithrombogenic, and antiarteriosclerotic properties. Therefore, we investigated the effect of EPA supplementation on the serum levels of Hcy and MDA in the diabetic patients. Methods: This study was designed as a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. Thirty six patients with type 2 diabetes were given written; informed consent, randomly were classified into 2 groups. They were supplemented with 2 g/day of the capsules of EPA or placebo. Blood sample for measurement of the serum levels of Hcy, MDA, and lipids, as well as FBS and HbA1c were given. Results: The patients supplemented with EPA showed a significant decrease in the serum levels of Hcy and MDA. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding any demographic, clinical or biochemical data, total energy intake, and macronutrient intake at the baseline, and during the intervention, except for a significant increase of protein intake and the levels of HbA1c in the placebo group, and a significant increase of HDL-c, as well as a slight reduce of total cholesterol, LDL-c, TG and FBS in the supplement group. Conclusions: EPA is atheroprotective via decrease in the serum levels of Hcy and MDA, as well as change in the serum levels of lipids, FBS and HbA1c.

[Mohammad Hassan Golzari, Saeed Hosseini, Fariba Koohdani, Mahmoud Djalali. The Efficacy of Eicosapentaenoic acid Supplementation on the Serum Levels of Homocysteine and Malondialdehyde in the Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):3-10]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 2. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.02.

Key Words: Eicosapentaenoic acid, Homocysteine, Malondialdehyde, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

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The Impact of Eccentric Exercises of Hip Adductor Muscles on Range of Motion and Performance of Lower Limbs among Male Taekwondo Players Suffering From Lower Limb Injuries

Soleiman Zare¹* and Maryam Keshavarz²

¹ Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

² Bsn Nurse, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Abstract: The purpose of the present study is to investigate the impacts of eccentric exercises of hip adductor muscles on Range of Motion and performance of lower limbs among male Taekwondo players suffering from lower limb injuries. The population of the study includes the entire male Taekwondo players of Tehran during 2015. Among the population, a number of 30 individuals were selected as the sample of the study through purposive sampling method. Furthermore, the sample was divided into two 15 individuals groups namely as control and experimental groups. Prior to initiation of evaluations, subjects had signed the privacy policy papers for taking part in the experiment and next, their personal information was collected. Each person was individually provided with general debriefings regarding the manner of performance of tests. Conditions for participation in study also included having at least a two year experience of playing Taekwondo for three times a week and being aged between 16 to 20 years. Prior to execution of intervention program (hip adductor muscles strengthening program) subjects had been subjected to tests measuring Range of Motion of abduction and external rotation of hip using a Goniometer as well as kinetic performance of lower limbs through vertical jump test, one-foot single jump distance, one-foot triple jumps distance, stairway leap running time, sweep running time and one foot squatting test. Intervention included performance of eccentric exercises using a strap for strengthening hip adductor muscles for 8 weeks. 48 hours after execution of intervention program, the subjects have taken lower limbs strength and performance tests as they had taken their pre-test. Descriptive statistics have been used for describing and organizing data obtained from posttest and pretest. In term of inferential statistics, the Co-variance analysis was applied. In case of significance of average differences in Covariance test, the LSD post hoc test would be applied. It is noteworthy to mention that the entire statistical operations were performed using the SPSS software v.23. Findings of the study have shown that eight weeks of eccentric exercises of hip adductor muscles will lead to improvement of Range of Motion of hip abduction and external rotation as well as improvement of movement performance of lower limbs among male Taekwondo players suffering from groin strain. As a result, performing eccentric exercises is recommended for people suffering from groin injuries.

[Soleiman Zare, Maryam Keshavarz. The Impact of Eccentric Exercises of Hip Adductor Muscles on Range of Motion and Performance of Lower Limbs among Male Taekwondo Players Suffering From Lower Limb Injuries. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):11-18]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 3. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.03.

Keywords: Eccentric Exercises, Hip Adductor Muscles, Strength, Range of Motion, Lower Limbs Performance, Male Taekwondo Players, Lower Limb.

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Monitoring of Vegetation Changes by Using NDVI Index Using Landsat during the Years 2000-2009: a Case Study

Saeed shojaei^1,*, Fahime Arabi Aliabad², Maryam Khosropour²

¹Ph.D. Student Department of Management the Arid and Desert Regions, Yazd University, Iran

²Master of Department of Management the Arid and Desert Regions, Yazd University, Iran

E-mail: s_shojaei@ut.ac.ir

Abstract: Evaluating vegetation changes in every area is very important because if the monitoring of vegetation changes over time in each area be examined, changes of human pressure and environment would characterize. Thus, proper planning can be done to preserve the life of a region. Today for the vegetation evaluating the remote sensing and different indicators are used; NDVI is one of the most important indices in this field. In order to assess the vegetation of Eskandari watershed area in Isfahan province the Land sat TM sensor images were used. The vegetation of this area was prepared by NDVI index for the years 2000 and 2009. The results of this study showed that the vegetation in this area has increased. The changes of the urban areas are also notable. It is necessary that experts pay attention to the area in order to prevent damage to the vegetation due to the suitable climatic conditions that prevailed in the region in recent years.

[Shojaei S. Arabi Aliabad F. Khosropour M. Monitoring of Vegetation Changes by Using NDVI Index Using Landsat during the Years 2000-2009: a Case Study. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):19-21]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 4. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.04.

Keywords: Vegetation, Satellite images, Index, Isfahan

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The Assessment of Desertification changes in the South of Yazd Using Remote Sensing

Ali Asghari¹, Saeed Shojaei^2,*, Maryam Khosropur³

¹Department Agricultural, Payame Nour University, Iran

²Ph.D Student of Desertification at University of Kashan, Department of Desert Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Geo Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran

³Master of Science Desert Management, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

E-mail: s_shojaei@ut.ac.ir

Abstract: Desertification is the ecological and biological reduction of the earth, which may be either normal or abnormal. Desertification mainly affects arid and semi-arid regions and decreases the efficiency of the lands rapidly, so it is essential to recognize this phenomenon. In this study, the satellite images of Landsat 8 were used to investigate the desertification as the basis for studies. Based on the studies conducted on satellite images, Isfahan has grown about 260 square kilometers. During the same 10 year-period, the southeastern part of Yazd shows the most decrease in vegetation that is about 26 percent.

[Asghari A, Shojaei S, Khosropur M. The Assessment of Desertification changes in the South of Yazd Using Remote Sensing. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):22-25]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 5. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.05.

Keywords: Desertification, Landsat, Yazd, Remote Sensing

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Evaluation of Soil Salinity Variations by Using Kriging Method: A Case Study

Saeed Shojaei^1,*, Ali Asghari², Maryam khosropour³, Bahareh Asghari⁴

¹Ph.D Student of Desertification at University of Kashan, Department of Desert Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Geo Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran

²Department Agricultural, Payame Nour University, Iran

³Master of Science Desert Management, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran

⁴Computer Workshop Instructor, Professional Technical Center, Sarbaz

E-mail: shojaeisaeeds@gmail.com

Abstract: Soil salinity is one of the causes of soil degradation in the world. The soil salinity occurs due to various reasons including saline formations, poor quality of accessible water resources, chemical pollution, inaccurate agriculture etc. Iran is also among the main countries faced with the soil salinity. The research has been done in Yazd’s area in order to examination of soil’s salinity (electricity transfer) with exploitation of geostatistical procedure. Geostatistical factors are used by Kriching. The 150 points have been done in order to determination of amount of electricity transfer in horizontal and vertical state by electromagnetic inductor device. Based on the obtained results, the marginal parts of the study area are more salty and with getting closer to the center the salinity decreases. Rocky heights are one of the reasons for the soil salinity decline in this part. Due to the increasing salinity zones, it is recommended to apply the preventive measures as soon as possible in this area..

[Asghari A, Shojaei S, Khosropur M. Evaluation of Soil Salinity Variations by Using Kriging Method: A Case Study. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):26-29]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 6. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.06.

Keywords: Geostatistical, Kriching, Salinity, Soil degradation.

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ADAMTS13: Molecular biology and clinical implications

Sabry Shoeib MD, PhD*, Mohammad Abd El-Hafez MD**, Alaa Effat MD** and Eman Ashmawy Meiz M. B., B. Ch***.

*Department of Internal medicine, Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University, Egypt.

**Resident-Doctor, Zawiet Elnaoura Fever Hospital, Egypt.

dr.ahmadelsabbagh@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objectives: Aim of this work to illustrate the molecular biology and pathobiology of ADAMTS13 and its therapeutic implications. Data Sources: Medline databases (PubMed, Med scape, Science Direct.) Article Selection: The article studied the molecular biology of ADAMTS13 and its role in diseases and therapy. if the articles did not fulfill the inclusion criteria they were excluded. Data Synthesis: Short reviews were made on ADAMTS13 structure and its role in different diseases and therapy. Conclusion: The knowledge of some mechanistic aspects of ADAMTS13 catalysis and its regulation, the development of sensitive and reliable assays in the clinical diagnostics of TMAs and the nature of modifiers of ADAMTS13 activity on VWF multimers in patients affected by TMAs.

[Sabry Shoeib. Mohammad Abd El-Hafez, Alaa Effat and Eman Ashmawy Meiz. ADAMTS13: Molecular biology and clinical implications. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):30-36]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 7. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.07.

Key words: ADAMTS13, molecular biology, TTP, vWF, DIC.

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Immune mediated thrombophilia: Role of innate immunity

Sabry Abd Allah Shoeib (MD), Mohammed Ahmed Abd Elhafez (MD), Alaa Effat Abd Elhamid (MD), Mohammed Ezzat Mohammed Khalaf Allah (M.B.B.ch).

Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Menoufia University, Egypt.

mohammedezzat934@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objectives: The aim of this work is to illustrate immune system, hemostasis, thrombosis, inflammation, relations between (hemostasis and immune system, inflammation and immune system) and finally relation between immune system especially the innate immunity and thrombosis. Data Sources: Medline database s (PubMed, Medscape and Science direct). Article Selection: This article studied the roleof the immune system especially the innate immunity in hypercoagulable state. Data Synthesis: Short reviews were made on pathophysiology of hybercoagulability associated with innate immune system dysregulation. Conclusion: Despite the innate immunity plays an important role in our immune system, yet its dysregulation is accompanied by different blood diseases, and further elucidation of the underlying defects in its pathways is awaited to develop pathogenesis (hypercoagulability).

[Sabry Abd Allah Shoeib (MD), Mohammed Ahmed Abd Elhafez (MD), Alaa Effat Abd Elhamid (MD), Mohammed Ezzat Mohammed Khalaf Allah (M.B.B.ch). Immune mediated thrombophilia: Role of innate immunity. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):37-42]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 8. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.08.

Key words: innate immunity dysregulation, hypercoagulable state, thrombophilia

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Prevalence survey of cholera in Zahedan in 2013

Tahreh Norouzikoh*, Arezoo Haratimirzai, Fatmeh Farahi, Raziteh Bolagh, Sakineh Mirzendehdl, Mohammad Sadegh Bagheri

University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan health center, central laboratory

A.harati54@gmail.com

Abstract: Cholera is a diarrhea disease in tropical areas, which is caused by a bacterium called Vibrio cholera. That exclusively infect humans, symptoms are caused by toxins secreted by bacteria in the gut is. Disease transmission through contaminated water & contaminated vegetables & fruits. Vibrio is a range,75% of people infected with vibrio are ni signs of the disease, 20% have diarrhea &2 to5% with infectious diarrhea, womiting & dehydration even 70%, if you don, t compensate for the water lost would be lethal. The purpose of this study emphasize the importance of social & health epidemic & work to prevent the spread of cholera. On 536 stool samples from patients suspected of having cholera, specific culture was. Enrichment, chemical tests & serotype, biotype INABA was isolated. Epidemiological data in Excell entered, variables selected for the study included: gender, age & nationality were analyzed using Spss soft wre. 75 cause’s vibrio cholera biotype Inaba was isolated. 73 men 97% & 2 women 3% & 72 Afghans 96% & 3 Iranian 4%. Pationts age was 13-70 yr, 68% of patients in the active age (15-25 yrs). Because of lake of clean water & proper sanitation & poor rural areas without piped water & sewer system are condusive to the spread of cholera. Appropriate to prevent epidemic of cholera, safe water, ultimately monitor & control the production & distribution of food.

[Kharkwal G, Mehrotra P, Rawat YS. Prevalence survey of cholera in Zahedan in 2013. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):43-46]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 9. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.09.

Keywords: Prevalence, Vibrio cholera, Culture, Afghans, Zahedan

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Evaluation of Zinc Status in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

Mohamed Shabaan¹, Sayed Ibrahim El-Shayeb¹, Mona Salah El-Dien¹, Ayman Salah Abdellfattah ²

¹ Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.

² Ministry of Health, Egypt.

dr_ayman424@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective: The goal of our work is to evaluate zinc status in cirrhotic patients that may indicate the pathophysiological as well as therapeutic role of zinc in liver cirrhosis. Background: Cirrhosis is the development of regenerative nodules in response to chronic liver injury, which leads to portal hypertension and end-stage liver disease. Zinc (Zn) is an important unique salt with various effects that depends on catalytic and structural function in anvarious number of enzymes and “Zn-finger” proteins. Patients with cirrhotic liver have low level of serum Zinc and their clinical condition improves with Zinc supplementation. Subjects and Methods: This study was carried on 53 patients with cirrhosis of the liver and 10 normal volunteers as control. They include 33males and 20 females, their ages ranged from 33 to 70 years. Patients taken from inpatients and outpatient gastroenterology clinic of Menoufia University Hospital. Blood samples were obtained and for all these samples complete blood assay (CBC), Complete liver parameters (AST, ALT, Prothrombin time (PT), GGT, Alkphosphatase, and total bilirubin), estimation of serum zinc levels, albumin level in serum and abdominal ultrasound were done. Results: Our study shows that in cirrhotic patients, there is low level of serum Zinc and shows also that Child C patients had lowest serum level of Zinc than Child B or A. Our study also shows low level of Hb, platelets, GGT and albumin in patients rather than control also there are increased level of RBCs, ALT, AST, PT, INR and bilirubin in patients rather than control. Conclusion: There is low zinc level in serum of patients with liver cirrhosis. As cirrhosis increases, level of serum Zinc decreases. Hb, platelets, GGT and albumin are low while RBCs, AST, ALT, PT, INR and bilirubin are higher in patients with liver cirrhosis than control.

[Mohamed Shabaan, Sayed Ibrahim El-Shayeb, Mona Salah El-Dien, Ayman Salah Abdellfattah. Evaluation of Zinc Statusin Patients with Liver Cirrhosis. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):47-54]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 10. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.10.

Key words: Zinc, Liver Cirrhosis, Child-Pugh score, Platelet, bilirubin, Albumin.

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The prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniosis in the city of Zahedan in 2013

Arezoo Haratimirzai*, Tahreh Noruzikoh, Raziyeh Bolagh, Fatmeh Farahi, Sakineh Mirzendehdl, Mohammad Sadegh Bagheri

University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan health center, central laboratory

A.harati54@gmail.com

Abstract: Leishmaniosis, including zoonotic diseases, which are the visceral form (kala-azar), cutaneous Leishmaniosis and mucocutaneous occur. CL Mastygvfvra groups of protozoa, family and genus Leishmanial, which is Trypan nvzmatydh by sand fly bites a carrier (Psykvdydh families, subfamilies Flbvtvmynh) From animal reservoirs (mostly rodents and domestic and wild carnivores) and is transmitted human to normal and the symptoms it is up to a year just wounds can remain on the body. ran is reported in two epidemiological forms of leishmaniosis, caused by Leishmanial tropical Anthroponomics urban type and its main vectors and reservoirs of human and dog is phlebotomies sergeant and other forms of rural or Zoonotic caused by Leishmanial major, major carriers it papayas and its reservoir is wild rodents.

[Kharkwal G, Mehrotra P, Rawat YS. The prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniosis in the city of in 2013. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):55-59]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 11. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.11.

Keywords: Leishmaniosis, Zahedan, mucocutaneous.

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The possible therapeutic effect of ethanolic olive leaves extract or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on kidney of gamma irradiated adult male rats

Hemmat Mansour Abdelhafez, Mona Mohamed Al-Tounsy and Dina Abd El-Salam Rifat Omran

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science (Girl's branch), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

moon_dream199077@yahoo.com

Abstract: Exposure to doses of ionizing radiation is associated with physiopathological and histopathological changes. These changes differ in their severity according to the radiosensitivity and responses of individual organs and tissue. The aim of this study was to elucidate the possible therapeutic effect of ethanolic olive leaves extract (OLE) or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) on kidney of irradiated adult male rats using biochemical parameters, histopathology and quantitative histochemistry. Material and methods- 60 adult male albino rats (Sprague dawely strain) were used in this study. They were divided into 5 groups (C group: Untreated control rats; R group: rats exposed to a single dose of gamma-radiation (3 Gy); OLE group: rats were treated with olive leaves extract (15 mg /kg body weight/day for 30 days); R+OLE group: rats of this group were treated with olive extract 15 mg /kg body weight/day for 30 days after irradiation; R+MSCs group: rats of this group were irradiated with 3Gy then injected with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) 1×10⁶ cells/500µL suspension through caudal vein about 6h post radiation exposure. The experimental rats were sacrificed on the 7^th and 30^th day post irradiation, except (R+MSCs) group were sacrificed only on the 30th day post exposed to radiation. Results- Rats exposed to gamma radiation showed many biochemical changes which included a significant increase in serum urea, creatinine and kidney MDA level while, kidney GSH level showed a significant decrease. Many histopathological lesions were observed in the kidney tissue, congested, lobulated and atrophied glomeruli with wide Bowman spaces, most tubules were dilated, cellular detachment, pyknotic nuclei, intratubular leukocytic infiltration, edema and thickening of atrial wall. In addition, irradiated group showed a significant increase in collagen and amyloids, while a significant decrease in PAS+ve materials, total protein and total DNA content was detected. Conclusion- From the biochemical, histopathological and histochemical studies, ethanolic olive leaves extract and mesenchymal stem cells ameliorated the induced kidney tissue damage of the irradiated group. MSCs proved to have more powerful therapeutic effect than that observed by OLE.

[Hemmat Mansour Abdelhafez, Mona Mohamed Al-Tounsyand Dina Abd El-Salam Rifat Omran. The possible therapeutic effect of ethanolic olive leaves extract or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on kidney of gamma irradiated adult male rats. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):60-81]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 12. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.12.

Key words: Gamma radiation - Albino rats -Kidney- Ethanolic olive leaves extract (OLE) - Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).

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Study of performance amount of zeolite in the removal of Direct Blue 151 dye from aqueous solutions

Somaye Khammarnia¹, Siroos Shojaei^2*, Maliheh Ghofran Pakdel³

¹Department of Chemistry, Payam-e-noor University, Zahedan, Iran.

²Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran. shojaeisiroos@gmail.com

³Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.

Abstract: In the case of Direct Blue 151 dye was observed causes numerous adverse environmental effects such as carcinogenesis, mutagenesis and chromosomal damage. Therefore the aim of this research is to investigate amount of dye analysis DB-151 by zeolite. Effect dye concentrations (25-75 mgL-1), contact time (5-15 min), adsorbent dosage (0.3-0. 9 g) and pH (4-10) were investigated in the removal of dye. The results show that the process of DB-151 has a high ability to remove of dye and dye degradation efficiency by increasing adsorbent dosage, pH and time increases and has inverse relationship with increasing concentration of dye.

[Khammarnia S, Shojaei S, Ghofran Pakdel M. Study of performance amount of zeolite in the removal of Direct Blue 151 dye from aqueous solutions. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):82-86]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 13. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.13.

Keywords: Dye removal, Zeolite, Direct Blue 151, Adsorption

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The Effect of Irrigation Interval and Different Levels of Chemical Fertilizer on Yield of Alfalfa

Saeed Shojaei^1,*, Marjan Talebiniya², Sadegh Zohrabi²

^1*Ph.D. Student Department of Management the Arid and Desert Regions, Yazd University, Iran

²M.S. student of Combating Desertification, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran

s_shojaei@ut.ac.ir

Abstract: Different environmental conditions are one of the most important issues related to the growing of plants. In the meantime, water stress is considered one of the greatest problems facing the plant productions in arid and semi-arid areas including Iran. This experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effect of irrigation interval and chemical fertilizer on yield and uptake percent of elements of alfalfa in a farm located in Khash in the year 1395. The experiment was conducted as split plots in completely randomized blocks design with three replications. The main plot was assigned to irrigation interval with four levels I1 (six days), I2 (seven days), I3 (ten days) and I4 (twelve days) and subsidiary plot was allocated to the amount of chemical fertilizer with four levels of F1 (control-zero), F2 (N100 -P70-K40), F3 (N150-P100-K70) and F4 (N200-P150-K100). The results showed that increasing the irrigation intervals decreased morphological characteristics such as wet and dry weight of root and aerial parts of plant; that this reduction can be caused by insufficient water available to the roots, stomata closure and reducing photosynthesis which ultimately reduces the functions of the mentioned traits.

[Shojaei S, Talebiniya M, Zohrabi S. The Effect of Irrigation Interval and Different Levels of Chemical Fertilizer on Yield of Alfalfa. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):87-89]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 14. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.14.

Key words: Irrigation, Alfalfa, Fertilizer, dry weight.

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The study accuracy of geostatistical methods for determining soil salinity

Hadi Siasar¹, saeed shojaei^2,*

¹Ph.D. Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Iran

^2,* Ph.D. Student Department of Management the Arid and Desert Regions, Yazd University, Iran

E-mail: s_shojaei@ut.ac.ir

Abstract: One of the important problems about soil degradation is a problem of soil salinity. Today salinity of the important problems is considered in the field of the restoration area. Before proceeding to restore an area important issue is to investigate changes in soil salinity features. In this study aimed to assess changes in salinity is using geostatistical methods. This research in Ardekan region to assess soil salinity (electrical conductivity) took place by using geostatistical methods (Kriging and Inverse Distance Weighted methods). Numbers 150 points were collected to determine the amount of electrical conductivity by machine of electromagnetic inductor. Based on the results obtained of the southern part of study area has more salinity and towards the north of the region are closer from salinity decreases. Based on the results method of inverse distance weighting is more accurate compared to method kriging method.

[Siasar H, Shojaei S. The study accuracy of geostatistical methods for determining soil salinity. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):90-93]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 15. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.15.

Keywords: soil salinity, geostatistics, inverse distance weighting method, Kriging.

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Immunomodulatory and prophylactic properties of some selected Nigerian higher fungi

Segun Gbolagade Jonathan * Olayinka Oluyemi Oluranti and Odunayo Joseph Olawuyi

Department of Botany and Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan. Nigeria

sg.jonathan@mail.ui.edu.ng

.

Abstract: The prophylactic potentials of five Nigerian higher fungi – Pleurotus tuber-regium, Pleurotus pulmonarius, Termitomyces robustus, Fomes lignosus, Lentinus subnudus and their combination in equal proportion (mixture extract) were investigated. The ethanolic fungi extracts were tested on sets of albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) infected with selected bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonela typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus feacalis and Bacillus subtilis. Extracts were orally administered at 1.0ml concentration against 0.1ml/cfu microbial suspension intraperitoneally. Survival rates of the experimental rats were monitored. Mixture of these extracts exhibited significant level of prophylactic effect against all the bacteria in the host organisms.

[Segun Gbolagade Jonathan, Olayinka Oluyemi Oluranti and Odunayo Joseph Olawuyi. Immunomodulatory and prophylactic properties of some selected Nigerian higher fungi. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):94-99]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 16. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.16.

Keywords: Prophylactic, Extracts, Survival rates, Infection, Bacteria

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Protective effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on methotrexate‑induced brain and liver injury in female albino rats: Histological study

Hadwa Ali Abdel khalek, Heba Fikry, Sara Abdel Gawad

Histolology & Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

sara_elsebaey@med.asu.edu.eg

Abstract: Background and Objectives: Methotrexate (MTX) is an anti-folate drug that is widely used in the treatment of rheumatic disorders and malignant tumors. The efficacy of MTX is often limited by its severe side effects and toxic sequelae. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are a novel source for cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine. Aim of the work: to investigate the possible therapeutic effect of BM-MSCs therapy on MTX induced damage in brain and liver of female albino rats. Materials and Methods: Ten Wister male albino rats of average 100 gm were served as donors for stem cells obtained from their bone marrow for isolation of BM-MSCs. Forty Wister female adult albino rats of 200-250 gm were randomly and equally divided into four groups (10 animals each). Group I (Control group): Female rats were injected with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and used to collect control brain & liver samples. Group II (MTX group): Female rats were injected intraperitoneally with MTX (0.5 mg /kg twice a week) for four weeks. Group III (MSCs group): Female rats were injected intraperitoneally with MTX as in group II for four weeks then received single intraperitoneal injection of 2×10⁶ BM-MSCs suspended in PBS per rat and scarified after another four weeks. Group IV (Recovery group): Female rats were injected intraperitoneally with MTX as in group II for four weeks then allowed to survive for another successive four weeks without treatment then sacrificed. Results: Histological examination of the brain sections of MTX treated groups (groups II & IV) revealed shrunken deeply stained pyramidal cells of the frontal cortex with significant increase in the number of GFAP positive immuno-reactive astrocytes and caspase-3 immuno-reactive pyramidal cells in the frontal cortex as compared to that of the control group. Liver sections of MTX treated groups (groups II & IV) showed distorted hepatic architecture as most of the hepatocytes revealed vacuolated cytoplasm. Mallory trichrome stained sections of these groups showed significant increase of collagen fibers deposition comparable to that of the control group. Nevertheless, transplantation of BM-MSCs in group III led to marked improvement of the frontal cortex. Moreover, few GFAP positive immuno-reactive astrocytes and caspase-3 positive immuno-reactive pyramidal cells were detected in the frontal cortex of rats in the same group. Remarkable improvement was recorded in the liver sections of the same group as the normal hepatic architecture was restored. In addition few collagen fibers were observed in Mallory trichrome stained sections. Conclusion: BM-MSCs administration in MTX treated rats has enormous outcome in both brain and liver.

[Hadwa Ali Abdel khalek, Heba Fikry, Sara Abdel Gawad. Protective effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on methotrexate‑induced brain and liver injury in female albino rats: Histological study. Stem Cell 2017;8(1):100-111]. ISSN: 1945-4570 (print); ISSN: 1945-4732 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 17. doi:10.7537/marsscj080117.17.

Keywords: Frontal cortex, Liver, Methotrexate, Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, Histology, Rats.

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