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Using Silicon to Ameliorate the Deleterious Effects of Drought on Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)  

  Ahmed S. M. Morsy¹ and   Naheif E. M. Mohamed²

¹Agronomy Dept. Fac. of Agric. Minia Univ., ²Agronomy Dept. Fac. of Agric. Sohag Univ., Egypt.

Abstract: Silicon is known to ameliorate the deleterious effects of drought on plant growth. This study was a trial for evaluating growth and nutritional status of wheat cv. Sids- 12 on different soil water deficits as influence by silicon application. Silicon in the form of potassium silicate was added to the soil at 150 and 200 mg/ kg^-1 soil. Plants were grown under three levels of soil water contents namely 50 %, 75 % and 100 % of field capacity. Water stress conditions especially at 50 % field capacity was responsible for reducing growth aspects, spike weight, leaf water content %, plant pigments and concentrations and uptake of N, P, K, Mg, Ca and Si at all levels of water content. Drought treatments considerably enhanced H₂O₂ in the leaves. Poor growth and nutritional status of wheat seedlings grown under water deficit conditions was measurably improved with silicon application. In water deficit area where wheat cv. Sids- 12 are planted, its is essential for using silicon.

[Ahmed S. M. Morsy and   Naheif E. M. Mohamed. Using Silicon to Ameliorate the Deleterious Effects of Drought on Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.). Stem Cell 2013;4(2):1-8] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net. 1. doi:10.7537/marsscj040213.01

Keywords: Silicon; Ameliorate; Deleterious Effect; Drought; Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.).

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Trials for Alleviating the Adverse Effects of Soil Salinity on Seed Germination, Growth and Nutritional Status of Wheat Seedlings (Triticum Aestivum L.)

Naheif E. M. Mohamed¹ and Ahmed S. M. Morsy²

¹Agronomy Dept. Fac. of Agric. Sohag Univ., ²Agronomy Dept. Fac. of Agric. Minia Univ., Egypt.

Abstract: This study was conducted during 2011 and 2012 seasons to examine the effects of seeds soaking in salicylic acid (SA) at 0.5 mM on seed emergence %, growth, plant pigments K⁺/ Na⁺ as well as percentages and uptakes of N, P, K, Mg and Ca in wheat cv. Giza 164 grown under different soil salinity levels (40 & 80 & 160 mM NaCl). Salinity caused by NaCl at 40 to 160 mM measurably reduced emergence %, all growth characters, plant pigments, K⁺/ Na⁺ as well as percentages and uptake of N, P, K, Mg and Ca in relative to non- salinization. In contrast, the investigated parameters were considerably stimulated with soaking the seeds with SA under either non- salinity and/ or salinity conditions comparing with using saline soil alone. Soaking the seeds in SA solution was very effective in counteracting the adverse effects of soil salinity on wheat seedlings. Soaking seeds of wheat cv. Giza 164 on salicylic acid solution at 0.5 mM was beneficial to improve growth and nutritional status under soil salinity conditions.

[Naheif E. M. Mohamed and Ahmed S. M. Morsy. Trials for Alleviating the Adverse Effects of Soil Salinity on Seed Germination, Growth and Nutritional Status of Wheat Seedlings (Triticum Aestivum L.). Stem Cell 2013;4(2):9-14] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net. 2. doi:10.7537/marsscj040213.02

Keywords: Alleviating; Adverse Effect; Soil Salinity; Seed Germination; Growth and Nutritional Status; Wheat Seedlings (Triticum Aestivum L.)

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Protecting Red Roomy Grapevines Growing Under Minia Region Conditions from Sunburn Damage

Faissal F. Ahmed; Ahmed M. K. Abdel Aal; Mohamed A. El- Sayed and Howayda R. Sayed

Hort. Dept. Fac. of Agric. Minia Univ. Egypt

Abstract: Red Roomy grapevines grown under Minia region conditions were subjected to two protectants namely calcium carbonate and purshade each at 0.5 to 2.0 % as a trial for solving the problem of sunburn on the fruiting. The vines received two sprays at two weeks after berry setting and at one month later. A remarkable promotion on plant pigments (chlorophylls a & b, total chlorophylls and total carotenoids), berry setting %, yield, cluster weight and dimensions, berries colouration % as well as physical and chemical characteristics of the berries was observed in response to spraying CaCO₃ or purshade each at 0.5 to 2.0 %. Sunburned berries %, shot berries % and total acidity %, tended to reduce with protectant treatments. Using CaCO₃ was preferable than using purshade in this connection. A slight effect was detected on all the investigated characters with increasing concentrations from 1.0 to 2.0 %. Carrying out two sprays after berry setting of CaCO₃ at 1.0 % succeeded in reducing sunburn damage and improving yield and fruit quality of Red Roomy grapevines grown under Minia region conditions.

[Hort. Dept. Fac. of Agric. Minia Univ. Egypt. Protecting Red Roomy Grapevines Growing Under Minia Region Conditions from Sunburn Damage. Stem Cell 2013;4(2):15-20] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net. 3. doi:10.7537/marsscj040213.03

Key words: Red Roomy grapevines, CaCO₃, purshade, sunburn and yield.

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Partial Replacement of Inorganic N Fertilizer in Balady Mandarin Orchards by Using Organic and Biofertilization

Faissal, F. Ahmed; Ahmed M. K. Abdel Aal and Mohamed H. A. Faraag

Hort. Dept., Fac. of Agric. Minia Univ. Egypt.

Abstract: This study was carried out during 2011 and 2012 seasons to adjust the best N management for Balady mandarin trees grown under Minia region. Using the suitable N through 60 to 80 % inorganic N + 10 to 20 % organic N + 50 to 200 ml Minia Azotene biofertilizer + 50 to 100 ml EM per tree resulted in an obvious promotion on all growth characters and plant pigments, nutrients namely N, P, K and Mg, yield and fruit quality in relative to the other N management. The promotion on fruit quality and the reduction on nitrite in the juice were associated with reducing percentages of inorganic N and at the same time increasing percentages of organic fertilizer, Minia Azotene and EM biofertilizers. A great decline on the yield was observed with using inorganic N at percentages lower than 60 % even with the application of organic and biofertilization. The best results with regard to yield and fruit quality of Balady mandarin trees were obtained due to fertilizing of the trees with the suitable N (1000 g N/ tree/ year) through 60 % inorganic N + 20 % organic N + 100 ml Minia Azotene + 100 ml EM/ tree per tree. Thus it can be replaced 40 % of the inorganic N with 20 % organic N + 100 ml Minia Azotene biofertilizer + 100 ml EM/ tree to reduce nitrite pollution and produce healthy and higher fruit quality.

[Faissal, F. Ahmed; Ahmed M. K. Abdel Aal and Mohamed H. A. Faraag. Partial Replacement of Inorganic N Fertilizer in Balady Mandarin Orchards by Using Organic and Biofertilization. Stem Cell 2013;4(2):21-28] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net. 4. doi:10.7537/marsscj040213.04

Keywords: inorganic, organic and biofertilizers and EM.

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Response of Zaghloul Date Palms to Spraying Boron, Silicon and Glutathione

Faissal, F. Ahmed¹; Mahmoud, R. Gad El- Kareem³ and Mona M. M. Oraby²

¹Hort. Dept. Fac. of Agric. Minia Univ, ²Hort. Dept. Fac. of Agric. Sohag Univ. ³Botanical Garden, Aswan City, Egypt.

Abstract: During 2011 and 2012 seasons, Zaghloul date palms received four sprays of single and combined application of boric acid at 0.05 %, potassium silicate at 0.1 % and Glutathione  at 0.1 %. This study focused on the effects of these treatments on leaf area, total chlorophylls, different nutrients in the leaves, yield and fruit quality. Single or combined applications of boric acid at 0.05 %, potassium silicate at 0.1 % and Glutathione  at 0.1 % was very effective in enhancing leaf area, total chlorophylls, yield and quality in relative to the check treatment. The promotion was associated with using B, Si and Glutathione, in descending order. Combined applications were preferable than using each one alone in this respects. The best results with regard to yield and fruit quality of Zaghloul date palms were obtained due to spraying a mixture of boric acid at 0.05 %, potassium silicate at 0.1 % and Glutathione  at 0.1 % four times.

[Faissal, F. Ahmed; Mahmoud, R. Gad El- Kareem and Mona M. M. Oraby. Response of Zaghloul Date Palms to Spraying Boron, Silicon and Glutathione. Stem Cell 2013;4(2):29-34] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net. 5. doi:10.7537/marsscj040213.05

Keywords: Zaghloul Date Palm; Spraying Boron; Silicon; Glutathione.

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Improving Yield Quantitively and Qualitatively of Zaghloul Date Palms by Using some Antioxidants

Ibrahim, H. I. M.; Ahmed, F. F.; Akl, A. M .M. A. and Rizk, M. N. S.

Hort. Dept. Fac. of Agric. Minia Univ. Egypt

Abstract: During 2011 and 2012 seasons, Zaghloul date palms were sprayed three times (at growth start, just after fruit setting and at one month late) with three antioxidants namely citric acid, ascorbic acid and amino acids (tryptophane, methionene and cysteine) each at 500 to 2000 ppm. The study focused on the effect of these antioxidants on growth and fruiting of the palms. Spraying the palms with any of these antioxidants three times at 500 to 2000 ppm considerably enhanced all growth characters, percentages of N, P, K, Mg and Ca, yield and fruit quality in relative to the check treatment. In ascending order, spraying citric acid, ascorbic acid and amino acids was accompanied with enhancing growth, nutritional status, yield and fruit quality. Meaningless promotion on these parameters was observed the higher two concentrations namely 1000 and 2000 from each antioxidant. The best results with regard to yield and fruit quality Zaghloul date palms were obtained with spraying amino acids three times at 1000 ppm.

[Ibrahim, H. I. M.; Ahmed, F. F.; Akl, A. M .M. A. and Rizk, M. N. S. Improving Yield Quantitively and Qualitatively of Zaghloul Date Palms by Using some Antioxidants] Stem Cell 2013;4(2):35-40] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net. 6. doi:10.7537/marsscj040213.06

Key words: Zaghloul date palms, ascorbic acid, citric acid, amino acids, antioxidant, growth and productivity.

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Secondary metabolites of actinomycetes as potential source of antibiotics

Sajad Ahmad Bhat*, Ruqeya Nazir, Tauseef Ahmad Malik, Fayaz Ahmad Shah

Centre of Research for Development, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006

Email: sajadku3567@gmail.com

Abstract: The actinobacteria produce an enormous variety of bioactive molecules of commercial importance. One of the first antibiotics used was Streptomycin, produced by S. griseus. For decades, microbial natural products have been one of the major sources of novel drugs for pharmaceutical companies, and today all evidence suggests that novel molecules with potential therapeutic applications are still waiting to be discovered from these natural sources, especially from actinomycetes. Any appropriate exploitation of the chemical diversity of these microbial sources relies on proper understanding of their biological diversity and other related key factors that maximize the possibility of successful identification of novel molecules. This review focuses about bioactive metabolites produced by actinobacteria.

[Bhat SA, Nazir R, Malik TA, Shah FA. Secondary metabolites of actinomycetes as potential source of antibiotics. Stem Cell 2013;4(2):41-46] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 7. doi:10.7537/marsscj040213.07

Keywords: Antibiotics, Actinobacteria, Drug resistance

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Stem Cell and Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor (GCSF)

Mark H Smith

Queens, New York 11418, USA

mark20082009@gmail.com

Abstract: The definition of stem cell is “an unspecialized cell that gives rise to a specific specialized cell, such as a blood cell”. Stem Cell is the original of life. All cells come from stem cells. Serving as a repair system for the living body, the stem cells can divide without limit to replenish other cells as long as the living body is still alive. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell situation or become another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, a bone cell, a nerve cell, or a brain cell. Stem cell research is a typical and important topic of life science. This material collects some literatures on stem cell and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) and stem cell.

[Smith MH. Stem Cell and Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor (GCSF). Stem Cell 2013;4(2):47-58] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 8. doi:10.7537/marsscj040213.08

Key words: stem cell; life; gene; DNA; protein; granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF)

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Adipose Stem Cell Literatures

Mark H Smith

Queens, New York 11418, USA

mark20082009@gmail.com

Abstract: The definition of stem cell is “an unspecialized cell that gives rise to a specific specialized cell, such as a blood cell”. Stem Cell is the original of life. All cells come from stem cells. Serving as a repair system for the living body, the stem cells can divide without limit to replenish other cells as long as the living body is still alive. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell situation or become another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, a bone cell, a nerve cell, or a brain cell. Stem cell research is a typical and important topic of life science. This material collects some literatures on adipose stem cell.

[Smith MH. Adipose Stem Cell Literatures. Stem Cell 2013;4(2):59-85] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 9. doi:10.7537/marsscj040213.09

Key words: stem cell; life; gene; DNA; protein; adipose

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Renal Stem Cell Literatures

Mark H Smith

Queens, New York 11418, USA

mark20082009@gmail.com

Abstract: The definition of stem cell is “an unspecialized cell that gives rise to a specific specialized cell, such as a blood cell”. Stem Cell is the original of life. All cells come from stem cells. Serving as a repair system for the living body, the stem cells can divide without limit to replenish other cells as long as the living body is still alive. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell situation or become another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, a bone cell, a nerve cell, or a brain cell. Stem cell research is a typical and important topic of life science. This material collects some literatures on renal stem cell.

[Smith MH. Renal Stem Cell Literatures. Stem Cell 2013;4(2):86-123] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 10. doi:10.7537/marsscj040213.10

Key words: stem cell; life; gene; DNA; protein; renal

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Cancer Stem Cell Literatures

Mark H Smith

Queens, New York 11418, USA

mark20082009@gmail.com

Abstract: The definition of stem cell is “an unspecialized cell that gives rise to a specific specialized cell, such as a blood cell”. Stem Cell is the original of life. All cells come from stem cells. Serving as a repair system for the living body, the stem cells can divide without limit to replenish other cells as long as the living body is still alive. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell situation or become another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, a bone cell, a nerve cell, or a brain cell. Stem cell research is a typical and important topic of life science. This material collects some literatures on cancer stem cell.

[Smith MH. Cancer Stem Cell Literatures. Stem Cell 2013;4(2):124-154] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 11. doi:10.7537/marsscj040213.11

Key words: stem cell; life; gene; DNA; protein; cancer

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