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Chondrogenic differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal stem cells Induced by Synovial Fluid in Vitro

Mahshid Meshkani^a*, Shirin Farivar^a, Shahram Aminalsharieh Najafi^b, Ali Esmailzadeh^c, Mehrnoush Meshkani ^c, Ghasem Kolabadib

^a- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological sciences, Shahid Beheshti Univesity, Tehran, Iran.

^b-Department of Veterinary, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad university, Tabriz, Iran.

^c- Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad university, Tehran, Iran.

meshkani_mahshid@yahoo.com

Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to differentiate into distinct mesenchymal tissues including cartilage, which suggest these cells as an attractive cell source for cartilage tissue engineering approaches. Our objective was to study the effects of synovial fluid on chondrogenic differentiation of human MSCs in monolayer and micromass cultures. The cells in passage 2 were induced into chondrogenic differentiation with different concentration of synovial fluid (0,100,150 and 200 μl/ml. Differentiation along the chondrogenic lineage was documented by Sox9 and type II collagen expression for 21 days. The expression of the identified genes was confirmed by RT-PCR. RT-PCR showed that synovial fluid could promote expression of Sox9 and collagen II mRNA in an dose-dependant manner, especially at the concentration of 150 and 200 μl/ml. In summary, synovial fluid induce chondrogenesis of human mesenchymalstem cells, which encourage tissue engineering applications of MSC in chondral defects, as the natural environment in the joint is favorable for chodrogenic differentiation.

[Mahshid Meshkani, Shirin Farivar, Shahram Aminalsharieh Najafi, Ali Esmailzadeh, Mehrnoush Meshkani, Ghasem Kolabadib. Chondrogenic differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal stem cells Induced by Synovial Fluid in Vitro. Stem Cell 2012;3(3):1-7] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net. 1

doi:10.7537/marsscj030312.01

Key words: Human mesenchymal stem cells; synovial fluid; Chondrogenic differentiation; RT-PCR.

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The possible protective role of bone marrow transplantation on irradiated mothers and their fetuses

Nehal A. Abuo El Naga and Mervat A. Abd Rabou

Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Al- Azhar University; Egypt

Nehal.61@hotmail.com

Abstract: This work was conducted to evaluate the possible protective role of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) against whole body γ-irradiation (2Gy) in pregnant albino rats and their fetuses at two different gestation periods. Different treatments were performed on days 7or 14 of gestation and examined at the end of the gestation period (day 20).Pregnant rats irradiated at 2Gy γ-rays on day 7 or 14 of gestation showed unequal distribution of implantation sites between the two horns, reduction in the number of implantation sites and one case of complete abortion on day 7 of gestation, but on day 14 of gestation, there were lots of resorbed embryos. Fetuses showed very thin skin layers, subcutaneous hemorrhage, severe growth retardation and malformed rostrum, eyes and eye lids in addition to malformed fore and hind limbs and tails. Bone marrow transplantation showed no detectable changes in morphology of the fetuses. Also, radiation caused many histological and histochemical changes in the lung tissue of mothers and their fetuses on day 7 or 14 of gestation, but bone marrow transplantation post-irradiation highly improved the histological and histochemical architecture of the liver tissues.

 [Nehal A. Abuo El Naga and Mervat A. Abd Rabou. The possible protective role of bone marrow transplantation on irradiated mothers and their fetuses. Stem Cell 2012;3(3):8-30] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net. 2

doi:10.7537/marsscj030312.02

Keywords: bone marrow transplantation (BMT); γ-irradiation (2Gy); pregnant albino; fetus

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Stem Cell and Kidney Disease Treatment

Yang Yan *, Ma Hongbao *, Zhau Yucui **, Zhu Huajie **

* Brookdale University Hospital and Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11212, USA, youngjenny2008@yahoo.com, 718-404-5362

** Columbian University, New York, New York, USA

Abstract: Embryonic stem cells, pluripotent derivatives of the inner cell mass of the blastocyst, are the most primitive cell type likely to find application in cell therapy. Their potential to generate any cell type of the embryo makes them to be the most attractive stem cell therapy. End-stage renal disease is a big heath problem in the United States and in all places of the world. It is possible to introduce stem cells into a damaged adult kidney to aid in repair and regeneration. Transdifferentiation offers the possibility of avoiding complications from immunogenicity of introduced cells by obtaining the more easily accessible stem cells of another tissue type from the patient undergoing treatment, expanding them in vitro, and reintroducing them as a therapeutic agent. Adult stem cells may possess a considerable degree of plasticity in the differentiation. Immunoisolation of heterologous cells by encapsulation creates opportunities for their safe use as a component of implanted or ex vivo devices.

[Yang Y, Ma H, Zhu Y, Zhu H. Stem Cell and Kidney Disease Treatment. Stem Cell 2012;3(3):31-36] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net. 3

doi:10.7537/marsscj030312.03

Keywords: stem cell; renal; kidney; disease; treatment

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Human Embryonic Stem Cell (hESC) Literatres

Mark H Smith

Queens, New York 11418, USA

mark20082009@gmail.com

Abstract: The definition of stem cell is “an unspecialized cell that gives rise to a specific specialized cell, such as a blood cell”. Stem Cell is the original of life. All cells come from stem cells. Serving as a repair system for the living body, the stem cells can divide without limit to replenish other cells as long as the living body is still alive. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell situuition or become another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, a bone cell, a nerve cell, or a brain cell. Stem cell research is a tipical and important topic of life science. This material collects some literatures on human embryonic stem cell (hESC).

[Smith MH. Human Embryonic Stem Cell (hESC) Literatres. Stem Cell 2012;3(3):37-101] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 4

doi:10.7537/marsscj030312.04

Key words: stem cell; life; gene; DNA; protein; embryonic stem cell (hESC)

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Hemotopietic Stem Cell Literatures

Mark H Smith

Queens, New York 11418, USA

mark20082009@gmail.com

Abstract: The definition of stem cell is “an unspecialized cell that gives rise to a specific specialized cell, such as a blood cell”. Stem Cell is the original of life. All cells come from stem cells. Serving as a repair system for the living body, the stem cells can divide without limit to replenish other cells as long as the living body is still alive. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell situation or become another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, a bone cell, a nerve cell, or a brain cell. Stem cell research is a typical and important topic of life science. This material collects some literatures on hemotopietic stem cell.

[Smith MH. Hemotopietic Stem Cell Literatures. Stem Cell 2012;3(3):102-145] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 5

doi:10.7537/marsscj030312.05

Key words: stem cell; life; gene; DNA; protein; hemotopietic stem cell

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Totipotent of Stem Cell Literatures

Mark H Smith

Queens, New York 11418, USA

mark20082009@gmail.com

Abstract: The definition of stem cell is “an unspecialized cell that gives rise to a specific specialized cell, such as a blood cell”. Stem Cell is the original of life. All cells come from stem cells. Serving as a repair system for the living body, the stem cells can divide without limit to replenish other cells as long as the living body is still alive. When a stem cell divides, each new cell has the potential to either remain a stem cell situuition or become another type of cell with a more specialized function, such as a muscle cell, a red blood cell, a bone cell, a nerve cell, or a brain cell. Stem cell research is a tipical and important topic of life science. This material collects some literatures on totipotent of stem cell.

[Smith MH. Totipotent of Stem Cell Literatures. Stem Cell 2012;3(3):146-248] (ISSN 1545-4570). http://www.sciencepub.net/stem. 6

doi:10.7537/marsscj030312.06

Key words: stem cell; life; gene; DNA; protein; totipotent

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