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Change Detection Using Data Stacking and Decision Tree Techniques in Puer-Simao Counties of Yunnan Province, China

Diallo Yacouba ¹, Diarra Sabaké Tianegue¹, Sagara Bakary¹, Wen Xingping ³, Xu Yuanjin ², Bokhari, A. A.², Hu Guangdao²

^1.Department of Science and agricultural technique at Rural Polytechnic Institute of Katibougou, B.P. 06 Koulikoro, MALI

^2.Institute for mathematics geosciences and Remote Sensing, Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, P.R. CHINA

^3.Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, Yunnan, P.R. CHINA

yacdial2005@hotmail.com

Abstract: Classification performing expert system Decision Tree and Ctree model were used to assess the land use cover change (LULCC). The Classification was done in Excel CTree program and the land cover change analyzing in ENVI software tools. Tree based Classification Model consisted of four steps (i) input the data, (ii) model processing, (iii) Analyzing of tree built and (iv) rules generation. The logic contained in the decision rules derived by that program was used to build a decision tree classifier with ENVI’s interactive decision tree tool. The premise of a rule-based modeling approach is that distinct land cover types are associated with different ranges of environmental and spectral gradients, and that "rules" can be drawn from spectral and ancillary modeling layers to correctly identify the spatial distribution of land cover classes. Rules are normally expressed in the form of one or more “IF condition THEN action” statements. All the three classification dates achieved high overall accuracies of 94, 97 and 92% for 1999, 2002 and 2005 respectively. The integration of Ctree program and Decision Tree was a good opportunity in land use land cover change detection in Puer-Simao counties, it can be implemented in others similar studies.

[Diallo Y, Wen X, Sagara B , Xu , Bokhari, A. A., Hu G. Change Detection Using Data Stacking and Decision Tree Techniques in Puer-Simao Counties of Yunnan Province, China. Researcher 2015;7(3):1-12]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 1

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.01

Key words: change detection, data stacking, expert system decision tree, land use cover change (LULCC), Ctree model

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Passive defense in Tehran earthquake management using relief towns

Hassan Dushamil *, Professor Hossein Baher

* Corresponding author, Master of Architecture

researcher13932014@gmail.com

Abstract: This study is about the passive defense in Tehran earthquake management using relief towns. Managing the rescuing survivors from Tehran earthquake and even other cities as well as small and big villages by housing them in the of smart fast building shelter towns instead of using a camping tent and fix common problems of these camps and create an appropriate and acceptable welfare to avoid becoming a disaster in each situations including very difficult situation in terms of climatic, economic, health and etc., save foreign exchange and Rials, improving the quality and quantity of services and aid to people affected by are affairs for being able to handle the most difficult crises and passive defense of the country are considered in this study. Relief town is a collection of prefabricated modular homes, using a new type of polymer composite panel that designed to fit this type of construction. Among its features are absence of using cement and sand mortar and concrete and iron bar and truss. Design and construction of this towns is not affiliated in any foreign things; they are too light and portable with quick and easy installation and the possibility of collecting and mounting for several times at very reasonable prices that can be a replacement for relief tents for passive and direct defense and in the service of committees and disaster management centers of the country. These structural models are suitable for various types of residential uses, office, service providers, health centers, cultural uses, business, sports, military, multi-purpose, general uses required by refugees that had crisis with the ability to be converted into permanent homes. After making, all parts of these towns are kept in stock to use in the shortest time at the crisis at the site where is considered from the past with the original arrangements. Size and number of these locations and site area of these towns are different according to the urban population and the number of shelter seeker in times of crisis.

[Hassan Dushamil, Hossein Baher. Passive defense in Tehran earthquake management using relief towns. Researcher 2015;7(3):13-20]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 2

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.02

Key words: Town-relief-modular-Management - crisis- earthquake-Tehran

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Prevalence of Malignancies in relation with Stress in the Population State of Sindh (Pakistan)

Keenjhar Rani ¹, Nehan Syed ², Muhammad Qasim Memon ¹

¹Department of Physiology, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences (LUMHS) Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan

²MBBS Student of, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences (LUMHS) Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan

hrlumhs@gmail.com

Abstract: Objective: To study the relationship of stress with cancers and its prevalence in the population of Sindh (Pakistan). Methodology: This study employed a Questionnaire-based interview of 90 cancer patients. The survey was conducted from Aug 2013 to Feb 2014 at two centers of Jamshoro Sindh, Pakistan namely NIMRA (Nuclear institute of Medical Radiotherapy) and LUH (Liaquat University Hospital). Informed consent was obtained and permission from NIMRA was taken. Holmes-Rahe Inventory was used to calculate stress and data was analyzed by SPSS (Statistical package for the social sciences) version 16. Result: Thirty three percent patients reported no significant stressful event in their past 2 years i.e. 2013, 2012 but 67% patients had faced stressful events which lead to the development of chronic stress. Among the patients with history of stress, 40% patients had stress scores between 150-300 showing that they might develop some major illness in forthcoming years and 50% patients having scores between 0-150 indicating that they have a low susceptibility to stress-induced health breakdown. The commonest cancers found in the population of Sindh (Pakistan) found are the breast cancer (28%), buccal cancer (11%), ovarian cancer (7%), neck cancer (6%) and colon cancer (4%). The most distressing events in one’s life found were financial crash (37%), death of any family member (23%) and behavior change of family member (20%). Conclusion: Stress indirectly contributes to the development of cancer.

[Keenjhar Rani, Nehan Syed, Muhammad Qasim Memon. Prevalence of Malignancies in relation with Stress in the Population State of Sindh (Pakistan). Researcher 2015;7(3):21-23]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.03

Keywords: Life change events; neoplasms; immunosuppression

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In silico mining of simple sequence repeats in chloroplast genome of Nothoceros aenigmaticus

Asheesh Shanker

Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Banasthali-304022, Rajasthan, India

ashomics@gmail.com

Abstract: Simple sequence repeats (SSRs), also known as microsatellites, are found in DNA sequences and consist of short repeating motifs of 1-6 nucleotides. These repeats are ubiquitous and play an important role in the development of molecular markers. Therefore, the present analysis was conducted to identify SSRs in chloroplast genome of Nothoceros aenigmaticus. A total of 40 perfect SSRs were identified in 153.208 kb sequence mined with an average length of 19.35 bp. The identified SSRs showed a density of 1 SSR/3.65 kb. Depending on the repeat units, the length of SSRs ranged from 12 to 54 bp. Tetranucleotides (13, 32.5%) were found to be the most abundant repeat, followed by trinucleotide (12, 30%), dinucleotide (8, 20%), mononucleotide (4, 10%) and hexanucleotide (3, 7.5%) repeats. The pentanucleotide repeats were not detected in chloroplast genome of Nothoceros aenigmaticus.

[Shanker A. In silico mining of simple sequence repeats in chloroplast genome of Nothoceros aenigmaticus. Researcher 2015;7(3):24-27]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 4

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.04

Key words: Chloroplast; Data Mining; Microsatellites; Simple sequence repeats

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An Investigation into the Effect of Social and individual Skills on Islamic Republic of Iran Sport TV Staff Performance

Seyyed Mahdi Sharifi¹, Narges Hassan Moradi², Ali Mohammad Saberi³

^1. Assistant Professor, public administration, Tehran University

^2. Assistant Professor, public administration, Islamic Azad University, Tehran north branch

^3. Master of Public administration, Islamic Azad University, Tehran north branch

Abstract: The management of each organization needs change and flexibility in order to adapt to changes, survive and grow in new environments. When one has the ability to understand and analyze emotional experiences, he manages to understand and improve his relation to environment; and this fact fosters emotion and goodness. Emotional intelligence deals with the difference among people in processing, perception, regulation and management of emotion. So it seems that these differences have clear effects on our lives such as physical and mental health, job performance and social relations. This study has been taken place in a quantitative mode and with 140 people of the staff of Islamic Republic of Iran Sport TV. The results show the emotional intelligence and its four aspects have a direct and significant relationship with staff performance; that means an increase in each aspect leads to an improvement in staff performance. In other words, if there happens an increase in self-awareness, relationship management, social-awareness and self-regulation, there will be also an increase in staff performance.

[Seyyed Mahdi Sharifi, Narges Hassan Moradi, Ali Mohammad Saberi. An Investigation into the Effect of Emotional Intelligence on Staff Performance Rate: A case of Islamic Republic of Iran Sport TV. Researcher 2015;7(3):28-35]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 5

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.05

Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Relationship management, self-regulation, Performance

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Personality Characteristics Of Bright And Dull Adolescents

Mahmood Ahmad Khan, M.Y. Ganaie and Syeda Shabnum Ara

¹Prof. Dean and Head, Faculty of Education, University of Kashmir, J&K, India

2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Education, University of Kashmir, J&K, India

3Research Scholar, Department of Education, University of Kashmir, J&K, India

E-mail: shahrufeedah@gmail.com

Abstract: The study was undertaken to study the personality characteristics of bright and dull adolescents of class 10^th students’ belonging to Batamaloo zone of District Srinagar (Kashmir). The sample of the study comprised of 100 bright and 100 dull adolescents. These bright and dull adolescents had been identified through Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices (IQ test). The data was collected by employing Cattell’s 14 HSPQ to all 100 bright and dull adolescents. For the analysis of data t-test was used. Line Graph was plotted to make the results transparent. The results show that the two groups (bright and dull adolescents) differ significantly on the factors B,D,F and G of HSPQ which reveal that bright adolescents are more intelligent, excitable, demanding, overactive, enthusiastic, happy-go-lucky, conscientious, persistent, moralistic and have stronger super ego strength while as dull adolescents are less intelligent, undemonstrative, in active, taciturn, disregard rules, expedient and have weaker superego strength. However no significant difference was found on factors A,C,E,H,I,J,O,Q2,Q3,Q4.

[Mahmood Ahmad Khan, M.Y. Ganaie and Syeda Shabnum Ara. Personality Characteristics of Bright and Dull Adolescents. Researcher 2015;7(3):36-43]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 6

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.06

Key Words: Personality Characteristics, Bright Adolescents, Dull Adolescents

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Comedy method in the Badi'ozaman Hamadani

Dr. Sohad Jaderi ¹, Abdol Kazem Heidari ²

^1.  Assistant Professor, Abadan Branch, Islamic Azad university, Abadan, Iran

^2.  Abadan Branch, Islamic Azad university, Abadan, Iran

Abstract: The function of this article is about the comedy method of Badi'ozaman Hamadani. In this article, the collection of the techniques, literary motifs of authorities as well as the satiric geometry in the authorities of the Hamadani, sometimes the characterizations of communities of irony have been considered. at the end of the debate, the results are presented, Also in this paper is mentioned to topics such as preparation, life-Hamadani, religion, books of Badi'ozaman, his officials, the appearance of authorities, the methods of authorities.

[Sohad Jaderi, Abdol Kazem Heidari. Comedy method in the Badi'ozaman Hamadani. Researcher 2015;7(3):44-48]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.07

Keywords: authority, Badi'ozamanHamadani, the appearance of authorities, the style of authorities, characterization of the comedian

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Perioperative glycaemia control, Perioperative glycemic control

Ahmad abdel –raoufmetwally, M.D, Safaamohammedhelal, M.D, Rababmohammedhabeeb, M.D, Mohammedelsayedsoliman M. B, B. Ch.

Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University.

E-mails: mohamedelsayed8578@yahoo.com, Rabab_habeeb@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objectives: Review perioperative glucose control in diabetic and non diabetic patients. Data Summary: Maintenance of blood glucose homeostasis is of great importance to the survival of the human being. Both elevated and reduced levels of blood glucose trigger hormonal responses to initiate pathways designed to restore glucose homeostasis. Hyperglycaemia is a common phenomenon in the perioperative period, linked to the preoperative metabolic state of the patient, neuroendocrine stress response, and acute perioperative insulin resistance, as well as the intraoperative management. Treatment recommendations are categorized based on the type of diabetes, nature and extent of the surgical procedure, antecedent pharmacological therapy, and state of metabolic control before surgery. Conclusion: Management of glucose concentrations has undergone drastic changes in the past decade, which are reflected by significant changes in recommendations for glucose management from national organizations with extensive expertise in glucose control.

[Ahmad abdel -raoufmetwally, Safaamohammedhelal, Rababmohammedhabeeb, Mohammedelsayedsoliman M.B,B.Ch. Perioperative glycaemia control, Perioperative glycemic control. Researcher 2015;7(3): 49-53]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 8

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.08

Keywords:-perioperative, DM, insulin

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New Age for rift cessation across Pearl River Mouth Basin  Evidence from Huizhou Sag, northern margin of South China Sea

Kabir Shola Ahmed

China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China

Sholli242@yahoo.com

Abstract: Huizhou sag located at the northern part of Pearl River Mouth Basin (PRMB), South China Sea (SCS) is important for the study of rift evolution of Northern continental margin of South China Sea (NCMSCS). Previous rift system studies in the NCMSCS revealed age diachroneity both in the onset and cessation of rifting. Rifting started in the Late-Paleocene (~59) across the PRMB while rifting ceased at 32-30 Ma in the east, 28-27Ma in the western and 23.8 Ma at both north and south of central belt of PRMB. Recent re-interpretation of 2D seismic reflection data and well data across Huizhou sag provided by China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) revealed a new age of rift cessation (16.5 Ma) for north central belt of PRMB. This observed inconsistency of maximum rifting age will no doubt impact extension tectonic modeling of the studied basin and affects basin subsidence partitioning between rift and thermal related mechanism.

[Kabir Shola Ahmed. New Age for rift cessation across Pearl River Mouth Basin  Evidence from Huizhou Sag, northern margin of South China Sea. Researcher 2015;7(3):54-60]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 9

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.09

Keywords: South China Sea; rifting cessation; tectonic extension

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Creation Stories and History of State Foundation: A Re-assessment of Yoruba Myth and Legend of Creation

Adebisi David, ALADE

Department of History and International Studies, Adekunle Ajasin University

Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria.

+2348064151074 and +2348024615670

Email: aladeadebisidavid@yahoo.com

Abstract: There are different schools of thought about the origin of the Yoruba people but all relate to the same ancestor ‘Oduduwa’. One story has it that he migrated from Mecca because of his belief in deities, which caused him to be expelled from his abode, and then came to settle in Ile-Ife and start a dynasty, which was further expanded by his seven sons. Another school of thought has it that he was an ordinary Yoruba man who came to power by overthrowing the existing ruling class while other stories has it that Oduduwa was sent by God from heaven to create the earth and the human race. He descended from heaven accompanied by his lieutenants and landed at Ile-Ife, with a handful of sand and a cock in his hands, he spread the sand over the earth, which was covered with water, and the cock spread the sand all over the earth and created land. Most of these uncoordinated conflicting stories were very difficult to prove or be binding on history for any academic mind. Despite efforts by scholars of Yoruba tradition to produce facts adequate to support with absolute certainty on accurate analysis of the Yoruba origin, little had been known. I believe that history should not be made to depend only on myths and legends as determinants but on reality not besmeared with false notions from false consciousness. Using historical analytical methodology, the paper plunges into variances of stories of origin and state formation in Yorubaland.

[Adebisi David, ALADE. Creation Stories and History of State Foundation: A Re-assessment of Yoruba Myth and Legend of Creation. Researcher 2015;7(3):61-65]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 10

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.10

Keywords: Stories, Migration, State formation, Yorubaland, Myth, Legend, Creation

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Inhibition Of Corrosion Of Carbon Steel In A Well Water By Sodium Molybdate – Zn²⁺ – A Phosphonic Acid System

R.Epshiba^1*, A. Peter Pascal Regis¹, C. Rajarathinam¹ , R. Betsy Clarebel¹ and S.Rajendran²

^1. Department of Chemistry, St. Joesph’s College, Thricy, Tamil Nadu, India 624005; Emails: hephzi_r@aol.com, drpascalregis@gmail.com, rajarathnamorg@gmail.com, rclarebel@gmail.com

^2. Department of Chemistry, RVS School of Engineering and Technology Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India 624005; Email: SuSRajendra@gmai.com.

Abstract: The aim of this present work is to study, the corrosion behaviour of carbon steel in well water in the presence of sodium molybdate (SM)-Zn²⁺-2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (2-CEPA) solutions. In this paper, detailed studies on 2-CEPA as second synergist in the formulation containing relatively low levels of sodium molybdate (SM)-Zn²⁺ in the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel are presented. Thus, the ternary system containing 100ppm of SM, 25ppm of Zn²⁺, and 250ppm of 2-CEPA is quite effective. Electrochemical studies and FTIR spectral studies and weight loss study have been employed. Polarization study reveals that SM-Zn²⁺-2-CEPA system functions as an anodic inhibitor, and the formulation controls the anodic reaction predominantly. AC impedance spectra reveal that a protective film is formed on the metal surface. FTIR spectra reveal that the protective film consists of Fe²⁺-MoO₄^2- Complex, Fe²⁺-2-CEPA complex at anodic site and Zn(OH)₂ complex at cathodic site. Based on the above results a mechanism of corrosion inhibition is proposed.

[R. Epshiba, A. Peter Pascal Regis, C. Rajarathinam, R. Betsy Clarebel and S. Rajendran. Inhibition Of Corrosion Of Carbon Steel In A Well Water By Sodium Molybdate – Zn²⁺ – A Phosphonic Acid System. Researcher 2015;7(3):66-73]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 11

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.11

Keywords: carbon steel, corrosion inhibition, sodium molybdate, 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, well water, synergistic effect.

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Role Of Zinc Ions In Increasing Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency

R.Epshiba^1*, A. Peter Pascal Regis¹, C. Rajarathinam¹ , R. Betsy Clarebel¹ and S.Rajendran²

^1. Department of Chemistry, St. Joesph’s College, Thricy, Tamil Nadu, India 624005;

E-Mail: hephzi_r@aol.com Email: drpascalregis@gmail.com.

E. Mail: rajarathnamorg@gmail.com E.Mail: rclarebel@gmail.com

^2. Department of Chemistry, RVS School of Engineering and Technology Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India 624005; Email: SuSRajendra@gmai.com.

Abstract: Zinc is a relatively insoluble metal which is caused by the precipitation of zinc hydroxide. Zinc ions have been widely used as corrosion inhibitors along with various additives. The corrosion of various metals such as mild steel, copper, and aluminium have been prevented by zinc ions. Zinc ions exhibit good corrosion inhibition efficiency in acid medium, alkaline medium, and neutral medium. They can be used along with other inhibitors such as calcium gluconate, sodium molybdate, and sodium tungstate. Zinc ions show synergistic effects with these inhibitors. Various surface analysis techniques such as FTIR spectra, SEM, AFM, and EDAX have been used to analyze the nature of protective film formed on metal surface. Usually, the protective film consists of Fe²⁺ inhibitor complex along with Zn(OH)₂. When zinc ions are used to prevent corrosion, the adsorption process obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

[R.Epshiba, A. Peter Pascal Regis, C. Rajarathinam, R. Betsy Clarebel and S.Rajendran. Role Of Zinc Ions In Increasing Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency. Researcher 2015;7(3):74-86]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 12

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.12

Keywords: Corrosion inhibition, zinc ions, metals, surface analysis, FTIR, SEM, AFM and adsorption isotherm

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Effects Of Rainfall Variability On Water Supply In Ibadan South West Local Government Area,Oyo State, Nigeria

Adetayo, A. O.

Institute of Agricultural Research and Training, Obafemi Awolowo University,   P. M. B. 5029, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria

Abstract: The effect of rainfall variability on water supply in Ibadan South West L.G.A was investigated in this study. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. The result of the analysis shows that there is a weak positive relationship between annual rainfall received and the public water supply in the study area during the selected (1997-2011) years. The results obtained from the computation of correlation were used to test for the validity of the first hypothesis. The result shows that the calculated value (3.807) is greater than the tabulated value (2.167). Therefore we reject the null hypothesis which states that there is no relationship between rural water supply and rainfall variability in the study area to accept the alternative hypothesis which states that there is a relationship between rural water supply and rainfall variability in the study area confirming that water availability and water supply is vulnerable to climate change and rainfall variability. The study recommends that the people, civil society organizations, government as well as non governmental organizations should rededicate their efforts of ameliorating the adverse effect of climatic change and rainfall variability on water supply through massive development of ground water sources and rain harvesting techniques.

 [Adetayo, A. O. Effects Of Rainfall Variability On Water Supply In Ibadan South West Local Government Area,Oyo State, Nigeria. Researcher 2015;7(3):87-91]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 13

doi:10.7537/marsrsj070315.13

Key words: Water supply, Water demand, Climate change, Water adequacy level, Rainfall distribution pattern

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Effects of Seed Source on Growth Attribute of Mitragyna ledermannii (K. Krause) ridsdale in Niger Delta, Nigeria

Omokhua G.E. and Aiyeloja A.A

Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Email: Adedapo.aiyeloja@uniport.edu.ng

Abstract: Mitragyna ledermannii (K. Krause) Risdale is a highly valued timber species in the tropics, however, inadequate knowledge of the effects of seed source on its silviculture and excessive logging are major problems of the species in regeneration. A nursery experiment was carried out to determine the effects of seed source on growth performance and biomass accumulation of the species in Port Harcourt. Result showed that Seed lot from Uyo showed the highest (88.34%) germination rate; following by the seed lot from Agulagha with 74.36%. The seed lot from Port Harcourt has the lowest (58.23%) germination. Germination was completed within 10 days for seed lot from Uyo, while the seed lots from Agulagha, Yenagoa and Port Harcourt took 14 days, and 16 days to complete their germination respectively. Inception of germination after 14 days of sowing was latest for seed lots from Port Harcourt and Yenagoa. The inception of germination was fastest in the seed lot from Uyo and started after 8 days of seed sowing. Significant differences (p<0.05) were observed in seedling total length between the seed sources. The results revealed that the tallest plants were obtained in seed from Uyo with a mean of 60.43cm. This was followed by plants in seeds from Agulagha with a mean of 50.25cm, while the shortest plants with 34.40cm and 28.87cm were obtained in seeds from Yenagoa and Port Harcourt respectively. The effect of site on total dry weight was significant at 5% level of probability, the maximum dry weight per plant (5.90g/plant) was recorded with seeds collected from Uyo, while the minimum dry weight per plant (3.54g/plant) was recorded with seeds collected from Port Harcourt with significant differences between them. The study revealed that the highest collar diameter of the seedlings at the age of six months was 5.00mm recorded for the seeds collected from Uyo. The lowest collar diameter growth of M. ledermannii was recorded for seeds (3.50mm each) collected from Yenagoa and Port Harcourt respectively. The study recommends Uyo seed lot for regeneration purposes. Comprehensive investigation on seed source effects is recommended for future study

[Omokhua G.E. and Aiyeloja A.A. Effects of Seed Source on Growth Attribute of Mitragyna ledermannii (K. Krause) ridsdale in Niger Delta, Nigeria. Researcher 2015;7(3):92-96]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 14

Keywords: Development, Growth Attribute, Mitragyna ledermannii, Silviculture, Seed Source.

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