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Oxidative Stress In Fish Living In Coastal Water Polluted With Sawdust And Wood Waste Along Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria

Ajani Gloria  Ekaete

Department of Biological Oceanography, Nigeria Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Bar Beach, Victoria Island, Lagos

olugee232000@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: Increased number of agricultural and industrial wastes enter aquatic environment and being taken up by aquatic organisms induce plural changes. These could result in oxidative stress and later having adverse effect on physiological and biochemical function. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lipid peroxidation  (MDA) were investigated in liver and gonad of Pomadys jubelini from Okobaba along Lagos lagoon. These enzymes play important roles in protecting the cells against potentially toxic effects of environmental pollutants. Fish have been used as indicators for monitoring land-based pollution because they can concentrate pollutants in their tissues, directly from water through respiration and also through their diet. Fish samples were collected  from February to June 2012 at Okobaba, a log and sawmill industry that discharge sludge beds of sawdust or wood shavings and domestic waste along the Lagos lagoon and analysed. There was a significant difference ( P<0.05) in the levels (997.90 Umol/mgprotein) of superoxide dismutase  in liver than lipid peroxidation , while in the gonad this enzyme showed insignificant difference  (P >0.05). Lipid peroxidation level (113.39 Umol/ml ) in the gonad showed a significant difference (P< 0.05) than superoxide dismutase. However during the sampling periods protein increased relatively in the liver along with the gonads. The results from this study demonstrates  the alterations in the levels of superoxide dismutase and lipid peroxidation in liver and gonad which reflects response to stress that could be environmentally induced from the wood waste at the sampling point, seasons or physiological state of the organism. This study provides a rational use of these enzymes as suitable biomarkers with different degrees of specificity and as important tool for environmental monitoring.

[Ajani Gloria  Ekaete. Oxidative Stress In Fish Living In Coastal Water Polluted With Sawdust And Wood Waste Along Lagos Lagoon, Nigeria. Researcher 2014;6(3):1-5]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 1. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.01

Keywords: superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation,  wood waste,  liver, gonad, environmentally induced.

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The optimal method for making subway tunnel from point of view of construction and economic performance using Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (Case Study: Ahvaz subway)

Mohamad Feizollahpouri¹, Jamshid Salahshour ², Mehdi Mahdavi Adeli³

^1- Master degree student of Construction Management, Department of Engineering, Shoushtsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran

^2- Assistant professor, Department of Engineering, Shoushtsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran

^3- Director of Mater Degree group of Construction Management, Department of Engineering, Shoushtsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran

mohamad.feizollah@yahoo.com

Abstract: Choosing appropriate method of tunneling is an important subject in subway construction. Now, digging machines TBM is generally used in construction underground in Iran, which it requires spending lots of time and cost. Supplying these types of devices which for ordering to be built them, requires to survey the genus of each city individually, faces to financial and logistical constraints in Iran and asks that if using other methods can provide solutions to financial problems and also falling behind the progress plan set or not. Digging method TBM was used in subway line 1 at mega city of Ahvaz, after 6 years from start of construction, expected plan progress is %92, but the actual progress is %27, the significant part of delay is because of this kind of digging difficulties. In this disquisition, with taking advantage of analytic hierarchical process (AHP) various digging tunnels techniques are scrutinized and criterions and priorities of each digging method are analyzed by “Expert Choice” software and the final result obtained by this method will be the most appropriate one.[1,2]

[Mohamad Feizollahpouri, Jamshid Salahshour, Mehdi Mahdavi Adeli. The optimal method for making subway tunnel from point of view of construction and economic performance using Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (Case Study: Ahvaz subway). Researcher 2014;6(3):6-14]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 2. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.02

Key words: Digging tunnel, Subway, Analytic hierarchical process, AHP, Optimal method.

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Characterization and Output Characteristics of Al (6 mol %) Doped PbTiO₃Thin Film Transistors

May Aye Khaing¹, Than Than Win^*2, Yin Maung Maung¹ and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe³

¹Department of Physics, University of Kyaingtong, Myanmar

^*2 Department of Physics, University of Yangon, Myanma ,  ³Pro-Rector, Yangon Institute of Education, Myanmar

mayayekhaing12450@gmail.com, thannthannwinn@gmail.com, dryinmgmg@gmail.com,dr. kokokyawsoe@gmail.com

Abstract: Al doped PbTiO₃ powder was firstly prepared by high temperature solid state reaction route. Structural and microstructural properties were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM)).Fabrication mechanism of a single-transistor type ferroelectric field effect transistor (1TFeFET) memory with PbTi_(1-x)Al_(x)O₃ (PTA) film was prepared by non-expansive and unsophisticated techniques. Electric characteristics (drain & transfer) of all films were measured. The FeFET with PTA6 at 600^°C exhibited the smallest value of threshold voltage (3.33V). The m^th power of PTA6 cell at 500^°C indicated the most suitable for parabolic behaviour. According to the experimental results the laboratory-prepared transistors were utilized for 1T of non volatile ferroelectric random access memory (NVFRAM).

[May Aye Khaing, Than Than Win, Yin Maung Maung  and Ko Ko Kyaw Soe . Characterization and Output Characteristics of Al (6 mol %) Doped PbTiO₃Thin Film Transistors. Researcher 2014;6(3):15-20]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.03

Keywords: XRD, SEM, 1TFeFET, PTA.

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Emerging Issues In Mobile Phone Service Providers’ Promotional Messages In Nigeria

Aminat Showole, Bisallah Hashim Ibrahim

Department of Computer Science, University Of Abuja, Nigeria

aminatshowole@gmail.com, hbisallah@gmail.com

Abstract: Scholars have noted that the emergence of  the mobile  hype around wireless access protocol (WAP) followed by the launch of third-generation (3G) network/Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UTMS) has created debate over the role of the mobile medium in promoting goods and service especially as a topic of consideration magnitude that echoes across different academic disciplines. Based on this observation, this paper using a multi-method approach of observation, trend analyses and qualitative textual analyses, argues along two potential issues; language barrier and illiteracy among the semi-urban and rural mobile phone users as main obstacles towards effective utilization of short message service (SMS) for the promotion of goods and services in a developing nation, Nigeria as a case. The paper presents implications of the trends and policy recommendations for the concerned stakeholders in the Telecommunications sector of the country and advertisers, who consider it imperative to explore SMS feature of mobile communication for promotional and advertising purposes. Specifically, the writer establishes the imperatives of having adequate analysis of demographic variables of mobile phone users before sending SMS to them, and seeking their consent probably through voice call.

[Aminat Showole ,Bisallah Hashim Ibrahim. Emerging Issues In Mobile Phone Servive Providers’ Promotional Messages In Nigeria. Researcher 2014;6(3):21-26]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 4. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.04

Key Words: Airtel, Etisalat, Glo, MTN, Network Providers, Promotional Messages, SMS.

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The relationship between poverty and health care

Ghasem Bahrami

Qazvin Health Insurance office, Iran Health Insurance Organization

Abstract: The Middle East and North Africa Region has made significant progress in improving the average health status of its citizens. The relation between economic condition and health is extremely robust across Communities. Many factors influence health status and a country's ability to provide quality health services for its people. Approximately 1.2 billion people in the world live in extreme poverty. Poverty creates ill-health because it forces people to live in environments that make them sick, without decent shelter, clean water or adequate sanitation. Health and poverty issues differ markedly from country to country contexts, with countries emerging from and affected by conflicts presenting a particular challenge. Many factors exogenous to income play an important role in determining health status is including a number of environmental, geographic, and evolutionary factors. Poverty also significantly reduces people's capabilities making it more difficult to avoid poverty related diseases. One of the most significant parameters effective on human capital performance is the role of individual health and its related indexes in enhancing economic level of a country so that one of the important subjects is investment in individuals’ education. Education, unemployment, Poverty, work conditions, workplaces, physical environments and social support all significantly affect health.

[Ghasem Bahrami. The relationship between poverty and health care. Researcher 2014;6(3):27-32]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 5. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.05

Key words: Health, Economic condition, Poverty, Diseases

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Effect of adding different levels of Lycopene powder to the ration on some productive and egg quality parameters of the Laying hens ISA-Brown*

Nihad Abdul-Lateef Ali ¹, Arkan Baraa Mohammed ², Ahmed Abed Allow ²

1-       University of AL-Qasim Green / College of Agriculture– Department of Animal Resources.

2-       University of Tikrit / College of Agriculture - Department of Animal Resources

aalnidawi@yahoo.com

Abstract: This research was conducted to study the effect of adding different levels of Lycopene powder to the ration on some productive and egg quality parameters of laying hens ISA-Brown. Used in this experiment 345 layer hens ISA Brown and were 23 week old were randomly allotted in 5 groups, 3 replicates (23 hens per replicate) For the period from 7/1/2013 to 23/6/2013. Experiment included five treatments and by the following: First treatment: a negative control group without of any addition, treatment second group control positive was added 200 mg / kg feed (vitamin E) to the ration, and treatments, third, fourth and fifth represents add lycopene powder into the ration at rates 100 150 and 200 mg / kg feed respectively. Included experiment estimate some productive and egg quality parameters: (egg production, the cumulative number of eggs, egg weight, egg mass, haugh unit, the relative weight of the shell and shell thickness). The results of the experiment to get significant improvement (P <0.05) for treatments lycopene powder and vitamin E treatment in the egg production parameter, the cumulative number of eggs, egg weight, egg mass, haugh unit, the relative weight of the shell and shell thickness production during the periods as compared to the first treatment (control). However, recorded fifth-treatment (in addition to 200 mg lycopene / kg feed) the best results.

[Nihad Abdul-Lateef Ali, Arkan Baraa Mohammed^, Ahmed Abed Allow. Effect of adding different levels of Lycopene powder to the ration on some productive and egg quality parameters of the Laying hens ISA-Brown. Researcher 2014;6(3):33-41]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 6. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.06

Key words: lycopene powder; egg weight; haugh unit; shell thickness

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A Comparative Study of Attitude of Male and Female Secondary school teacher of Teshil Handwara District Kupwara (Kashmir)

Aasia Maqbool and Naseer Ahmad

Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Kashmir, J&K (India), IGNOU Student, J&K, India

E-mail: shahrufeedah@gmail.com

Abstract: The present study was conducted to study the attitude of Government (male and female), private (male and female) secondary school teachers and Government and Private (in aggregate) secondary school teachers. 200 teachers 100 Government (50 male and 50 female) and 100 private (50 male 50 female) has been randomly taken from 12 government and private secondary schools of Tehsil Handiwara -District Kupwara( Kashmir). The data was collected with the help of teacher’s attitude inventory (T.A.I) of Ahluwalia. The data collected was analysised by t-test. The study revealed that Government male and Government female secondary school teachers and private male and private female secondary teachers do not differ significantly on attitude. The study further revealed that Government teachers and private teacher differ significantly on attitude.

[Aasia Maqbool and Naseer Ahmad. A Comparative Study of Attitude of Male and Female Secondary school teacher of Teshil Handwara District Kupwara (Kashmir). Researcher 2014;6(3):42-44]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.07

Key words: Government, Private, Teacher, Male, Female, Attitude

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Evaluating Age and Gender of Iranian Dystonia Patients with no Mutation in DYT1 Gene

Sahereh Rahnavard

Department of Molecular Medicine Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 131164, Iran, Email: sahere2068@yahoo.com

Abstract: Dystonia is a neuronal- motional disease that occurs due to pathological injuries to muscle and leads to involuntary and tick-like movements because of long-term muscle contraction and finally leads to paralysis and unusual situations in body that can occur in one or a group of muscles.

[Rahnavar S. Evaluating Age and Gender of Iranian Dystonia Patients with no Mutation in DYT1 Gene. Researcher 2014;6(3):45-47]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 8. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.08

Key words: gender; Dystonia patients; DYT1 gene

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Magnesium Level in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients

 Ali Raza Memon, Abdul Sattar Khan, Rafiq Ahmed Jalbani

Department of Biochemistry, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences (LUMHS) Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.

Corresponding Author: Dr. Ali Raza Memon

aliraza_dr@outlook.com

Abstract: Magnesium plays important roles in physiological function of the body organs because magnesium is an essential mineral. Present study was to determine magnesium levels in serum of fifty pulmonary tuberculosis patients and fifty controls magnesium was determined using a Hitachi atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Tokyo, Japan). Magnesium level was significantly decreased in pulmonary tuberculosis patients as compared with the controls. In order to better understand the role of magnesium in pulmonary tuberculosis further clinical studies are required.

[Ali Raza Memon, Abdul Sattar Khan, Rafiq Ahmed Jalbani. Magnesium Level in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients. Researcher 2014;6(3):48-50]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 9. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.09

Key words: Magnesium, Pulmonary tuberculosis, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

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Evaluating the effectiveness of multi-layered cylindrical shells made ​​of composite materials on the buckling load

Alireza Sadeghi¹ (Corresponding author), Mahmoudreza Hosseini Tabatabaei², Ali Ghods¹

^1. Department of civil, Zahedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zahedan,

Iran

^2. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran

Abstract: The buckling load make reduce the bearing in shells. This is one of the disadvantages of the shell. Key factors influencing the buckling load of the shell are the types of structures. In this paper, the effect of the ratio of radius to thickness ratio of length to thickness of the skin buckling load of laminated composite materials is investigated. It should be added, the shell is below the static water pressure. Moreover, the interaction effects of axial load and the static water pressure is also analyzed. It must be understood, to do this is by using a geometric nonlinear analysis. Also, the software ANSYS is used.

[Alireza Sadeghi, Mahmoudreza Hosseini Tabatabaei, Ali Ghods. Evaluating the effectiveness of multi-layered cylindrical shells made of composite materials on the buckling load. Researcher 2014;6(3):51-55]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 10. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.10

Keywords: cylindrical shell laminated, composite materials, buckling, geometric nonlinear analysis, static pressure water interaction.

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Describe And Statistical Evaluation Of Hydrochemical Data Of Karst Phenomena In Jordan: Al-Dhaher Cave Karst Spring

* Iyad Ahmed Abboud

Associate Professor

Biology Department, Collage of Sciences, Taibah University, Yanbu', Al-Madina, Saudi Arabia.

Geology: Geochemistry, Environmental Geochemistry, Mineralogy

Email: Iyad.Abboud@yahoo.com

Telephone: 00966550770541 and 00962795547578

Abstract: Karstification in Al-Kura District, northwestern of Jordan, is distribution in the Tertiary rocks at chalky and marley-limestone unit and it forms a local shallow unconfined aquifer. This research is constructed to describe and study the hydrogeochemical of karst features and their effects on the hydrochemistry of the Al-Dhaher Cave. Studied samples were collected from the water of wells and springs in the study area. All types of water have a composition in milligram units for cations (Ca2+>Mg2+>(Na++K+)), and anions (HCO3->Cl->NO3->SO42-). Calcium and bicarbonate accounts approximately 80% of the total ions. The concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+ are strongly correlated with HCO3-. The rCa2+/rMg2+ ratio for Al-Dhaher Spring is about 1.54, which suggests that water moves in chalky and marly limestone. Our data revealed that the main ions Ca2+, Mg2+, and HCO3- have very strong correlation to spring discharge. The water is undersaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite, and the correlation of SIc and SId to discharge is very strong (r=0.97 and 0.96). Depending on comparing the coefficients variations, the type of Al-Dhaher Spring could be classified as conduit spring. The results of water analyses studies show that the aquifer system is prone to karstification and they show the impact of karstification on the chemical composition of spring waters.

[Iyad Ahmed Abboud. Describe And Statistical Evaluation Of Hydrochemical Data Of Karst Phenomena In Jordan: Al-Dhaher Cave Karst Spring. Researcher 2014;6(3):56-76]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 11. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.11

Key words: karst, water chemistry, carbonate, Al-Dhaher, Jordan

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Injured party’s role to mitigate damages

Qassem Salman Daris

MA in the field of Law, trend of Private Law at International Azad University, branch of Persian Gulf

Abstract: The injured party’s obligation to mitigate damages is an accepted principle in common law, which is a defense by the claimant’s liability. The implication of this principle implies that the injured party has to officially prevent the damage or alleviate its expansion. If the claimant can prove their neglect, the claimant will be exempt of the compensation. On the one hand, this analysis of the agent in our law shows that the enforcement of this principle is logical and simple, and on the other hand, the main realm of the agreements would be unfeasible. The damage treatment principle includes the necessity of the agreed subject in our law and the main compensation instead of the main agreement in common law. One interpretation illustrates the common principle in two systems is different without affecting the necessity of the claimant’s conventional treatment.

[Qassem Salman Daris. Injured party’s role to mitigate damages. Researcher 2014;6(3):77-85]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 12. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.12

Keywords: Damage mitigation, injured party, breach of contract, offense, conventional

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Recognition and Ranking the Effective Factor on Customer Satisfaction Through Kano Model and Fuzzy AHP

^*Farzaneh Radfar¹, Manouchehr Omidvari², Hasan Haleh³

^1,2,3 Department of Industrial Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran

^*Far.radfar@gmail.com

Abstract: Nowadays, the ever-increasing importance of customer for the companies is clear for everyone. The governmental organizations are not exception. These organizations encounter with addressees who are fully aware of their rights and these organizations survive in replying the requests of customers and clients. Therefore, for satisfying the customers, the organizations and organs shall recognize the requests, needs and expectations of customers due to their fundamental and vital effects on the organizations so that they can reach on customers' satisfaction upon focusing and paying attention to it. This research is aimed at recognizing and prioritizing the effective indexes on citizens' satisfaction of utilities in Tabriz city of Iran, and in this regard the type of citizens' needs and requirements were recognized and classified into three main classes of Mandatory, One–dimensional and attractive having used the Kano Model and then these components were prioritized in experts' view and using FAHP technique and the importance of each of them were obtained. A questionnaire of Kano model including 20 pair questions of functional and non-functional with reliability coefficient of 0.85 was prepared and it was distributed among 400 citizens at different regions of Tabriz using the stratified sampling. The obtained results confirmed the reliability of the above model and indicated that Regular Collection of Garbage, Cleaning Streets, Lanes & Pathways, Addressing the streets' asphalt statue and Cleaning & Addressing to Canals and streams status in mandatory classification, Supplying citizens Safety and Constructing Cultural, Art, Or Sport Facilities & Spaces in One dimensional classification, Mechanizing Pedestrian Bridge with Escalator, Cleaning & Painting walls, fences in attractiveness classification are among citizens’ first priority. And other needs in each class are respectively placed in next priorities.

[Radfar F, Omidvari M, Haleh H. Recognition and Ranking the Effective Factor on Customer Satisfaction Through Kano Model and Fuzzy AHP. Researcher 2014;6(3):86-94]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 13. doi:10.7537/marsrsj060314.13

Keywords: Kano Model; Quality Of Service; Satisfaction; Fuzzy Sets; Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process

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