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Reason of Criminal Responsibility

Vahab Karampoor ¹, Hamed Mahtabi ², Ghebad Naderi ³

^1.Islamic Azad University, Branch of Khoramabad, Khoramabad, Iran, Email: vrad_karampour@yahoo.com

^2.Islamic Azad University, Branch of Khoramabad, Khoramabad, Iran, Email: hameddmahtabi86@yahoo.com

^3. Department of Payam Noor University,,Iran, Email: naderighobad@yahoo.com

Abstract: The criminal law creates and reflects value by announcing which conduct is sufficiently wrong to deserve blame and punishment. It guides conduct by giving citizens good reason to comply, both by manifesting the underlying moral justification for the law and by providing incentives to obey. This article is a contribution to the theory of desert, and assumes, with most criminal law theory, that desert is at least a necessary condition of just punishment. In this article, Professor Morse provides new insights into the concept of desert in criminal punishment. Professor Morse argues that intentional action and forbearance are the only kinds of human conduct that can be effectively guided by the criminal law. The consequences of action, however, cannot be fully guided and are therefore inappropriate predicates for desert. Professor Morse contends that a rational system of criminal law should focus solely on actions and should not impose punishment based on results.

[Vahab Karampoor, Hamed Mahtabi, Ghebad Naderi. Reason of Criminal Responsibility. Researcher 2013;5(8):1-4]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 1

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.01

Keywords: criminal, responsibility, children, Rights, official

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Analytical study of Tribunal and Court in administration of justice in India

Eakramuddin & Abroo Khan¹, Dr.Ashish Kumar Singhal²

^1. School of law, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut-250005 India

^2. School of law, Sharda University, Greater Noida-201306 India

Email: drashiah.singhal@gmail.com

Abstract: There is a good deal of confusion regarding the meaning of the word Tribunal. Why is the body called a Tribunal? This study undertakes a critical examination of Tribunal as a concept and suggests criteria which distinguish it from a court on the one hand and a quasi judicial body on the other hand. The purpose of study is to analyze the statutory and constitutional provisions mentioned. Tribunals are alternative to courts, so it is important that a set of requirements are made that make competent tribunals equal to court in administration of justice in India. This paper will provide an overview on the analytical field of study for both tribunals and courts in their powers, procedures, and provisions of appointments of members of Tribunal and of appeals. Tribunals are alternative to Courts of takes the same driving seat of court to resolving the disputes among parties. Their appreciable steps of govt. contribute the increasing the access to grievances has been conducted in India and this is a pioneering attempt in this directions. There has been phenomenal increase in the function of the govt. which has lent enrobes power to executive and also led to increase in the legislative output. Though the function of courts whether on district level or state level and as supreme judiciary except on district level other judicial system has his own appointive and function process according to the provisions of the Indian constitution. Whereas govt. has indirectly interfere in selection of judges in courts as in High court & Supreme court but for the members of the Tribunals govt. has direct control over it. Both of courts & Tribunal has their function to provide justice. Courts have to follow some procedure establish as under Cr. P.C. & Evidence Act that Tribunal has no need to follow such procedure. As in Meneka Gandhi vs. Union of India AIR – 1978 SC 597, Supreme Court held that the known principle is a right of the party and the court found the decision of authority in violation to the principle of natural justice.

[Eakramuddin & Abroo Khan, Ashish Kumar Singhal. Analytical study of Tribunal and Court in administration of justice in India. Researcher 2013;5(8):5-8]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 2

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.02

Key Words: Tribunal, Court, Proceedure, Natural Justice, Indian Constitution, Indian Judicial System

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Balancing of Interests in Society Through The Protection of Rights of Accused in India

Eakramuddin & Abroo Khan¹,Dr.Ashish Kumar Singhal²

^1. School of law, Swami Vivekanand Subharti University, Meerut-250005 India

^2. School of law, Sharda University, Greater Noida-201306 India

Email: drashiah.singhal@gmail.com

Abstract: Balancing of interests in the society through the protection of rights of accused in India or balancing of societal interests and the rights of accused:- we are not unaware that crime rate is going up in our country for various reasons which need not be recounted here as other crimes and crime of rape recently accuse of well known Delhi rape case committed suicide during judicial custody leads some questions whether some rights of accused should available and must protected or not. Terrorism, drugs and organized crime have become so acute that special measures have become necessary to fight them not only at the national level but "also at the international level. We also take note of the fact that quite a number of policemen risk their lives in discharge of their duties and that they are specially targeted ­by the criminal and terrorist gangs. We recognize that in certain situations e.g., like the one obtaining in Kashmir today, a literal compliance with several legal and constitutional safeguards may not be practicable but we must also take note of and provide for the generality of the situation all over the country and not be deflected by certain specific, temporary situations. We must also tak~ note ofthe fact that very often it is the poor who suffer most at the hands of Police..Their poverty itself makes them suspects. This was -said, though from a different angle, by George Bernard Shaw. He said "poverty is crime". But nowadays, even middle classes and other well-to-do people, who do not have access to political power-wielders, also are becoming targets of Police excesses. We recognize that ensuring a balance between societal interest in peace and protection of the rights of the accused is a difficult one but it has to be done. We also recognize the fundamental significance of the Human Rights, which are implicit in Part III of our Constitution of India and of the necessity to preserve, protect and promote the Rule of Law which constitutes the Bedrock of our constitutional system.

[Eakramuddin & Abroo Khan, Dr. Ashish Kumar Singhal. Balancing of Interests in Society Through The Protection of Rights of Accused in India. Researcher 2013;5(8):9-14]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.03

Key Words:Custody,Organised Crimes,Social Interest,Police,Human Rights

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Designing a sales forecasting system and its components

Hassan Soltani

Department of Management, Neyriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyriz, Iran

meshkatpub@gmx.com

Abstract: Management scholars present a variety of forecasting techniques to provide to managers. Each of these techniques has its own application and more successful forecasting can be made by knowing them. Managers should try to select a forecasting model that can meet the organization needs and be appropriate to its activities. In many cases, a simple model for forecasting can provide better results than a complex model. In order to select a forecasting model, primarily a forecasting system should be design and its component should be identified. Here, we describe different components of a forecasting system, and then its relation with other components will be studied.

[Hassan Soltani. Designing a sales forecasting system and its components. Researcher 2013; 5(8):15-17]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 4

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.04

Key words: dynamic simulation; model; composting; domestic solid waste

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Numerical Range of Self-Inverse Matrices

Seyyed Nematollah Khademi

Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences, Yasouj University, Yasouji, 75914, Iran

Email address: nemat_khademi@yahoo.com

Abstract: For an matrix  let  be the smallest possible constant in the inequality, . Here,  is a point on the smooth portion of the boundary  of the numerical range.  is the radius of curvature of  at this point, and  is the distance from  to the spectrum of In this paper we compute the  for matrix which is self-inverse. 200 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 47A12; Secondary 15A42, 14H50.

[Seyyed Nematollah Khademi. Numerical Range of Self-Inverse Matrices. Researcher 2013; 5(8):18-19]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 5

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.05

Keywords: Numerical range, Matrices, Self-inverse

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Dynamic Distribution Of Memory For Switch Architecture

Ms. Vishnu Priya. A¹, Dr. Senthil Kumar P^2,

Research Scholar¹, Professor², Anna university Chennai¹, SKR Engineering College Chennai², India

¹vishnu_vishnupriya@yahoo.co.in

Abstract: Interconnection networks are a key component of a variety of systems. In real time, low-latency and contention-free interconnection networks are demanded for the execution of many applications in systems. In modern interconnection networks it is mandatory the use of an effective congestion management technique in order to keep network performance at maximum level under any situations. Although congestion may be avoided by scaling the network size, but the current trends are to reduce overall equipment cost and power consumption of a network, by plummeting the number of network components. Thus, the network will be prone to congestion, thereby becoming congestion free is mandatory for an efficient & effective network. Therefore, in this dissertation we describe the new congestion management technique (RECN-IQDD) suitable for any type of IQ (Input queue switch architecture: only queues at input port of a switch) switches with enhanced RECN(Regional Explicit Congestion Notification: an efficient Head-of-Line block elimination technique, with a cost effective Switching architecture to face the challenges of congestion management, has been recently proposed for Advanced Switching (AS). The idea behind RECN-IQDD is, starting with a simple input queued switch with a single queue per input port, to add some extra queues dynamically allocated for storing congested packets, to avoid HOL blocking and Distributed deallocates of set aside when congestion vanishes. so, HOL blocking is completely eliminated with less number of queues. Regarding the performance it leads to a significant reduction of the data memory area required at each port in the reduction factor of 5 times than RECN-CIOQ (Combined Input Output Queue - have queues at both Input port & Output port of a switch) and avoids the use of explicit congestion notifications and token-exchanging packets.

[Vishnu Priya. A, Senthil Kumar P. Dynamic Distribution Of Memory For Switch Architecture. Researcher 2013; 5(8):20-29]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 6

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.06

Key words: Advanced switching; Congestion,; Buffering; Switching; Flow control

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Boundary Curvature Of The Numerical Range Of 2×2 Matrices

Seyyed Nematollah Khademi

Department Of Mathematics, Colleg Of Sciences, Yasouj University, Yasouj, 75914, IRAN.

E-mail address: nemat_khademi@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: For any n×n matrix A, define the constant M(A) by sup dist(λ,σ(A) )/(r_λ (A)). Here λ is a point on the smooth portion of the boundary ?W(A) of the numerical range of A, and r_λ (A) is radius of curvature of ?W(A) at this point, and dist(λ,σ(A)) is the distance from λ to the spectrum of A. Where the supremum is taken over all a points λ in ?W(A) with nonzero curvature r_λ (A). Since r_λ (A)=0 implies that λ is an eigenvalue of A and hence dist(λ,σ(A) )=0, we have dist(λ,σ(A) )≤M(A)r_λ (A) for all λ in ?W(A). In this paper we compute the M(A) for 2×2 matrix A. 200 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 47A12; Secondary 15A42, 14H50.

[Seyyed Nematollah Khademi. Boundary Curvature Of The Numerical Range Of 2×2 Matrices. Researcher 2013; 5(8):30-33]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.07

Key words: and phrases. Numerical range, Curvature, Matrices

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Application Of Linear Programming In A Manufacturing Company In Feed Masters, Kulende, Kwara State.

¹ Balogun O.S. ² Role M.R., ³Akingbade T.J. and ¹Akinrefon A.A.

¹Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, P.M.B. 2076, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria.

²Department of Administration NSCDC, Kwara Command, No.5 Adelodun Street, G.R.A., Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

³Department of Mathematical Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria.

stapsalms@yahoo.com, rolexy4real@yahoo.com, afuapetoluse@yahoo.com

 Abstract: Many companies were and are still established to derive financial profit. In this regard the main aim of such establishments is to maximize (optimize) profit. This research is on using Linear programming Technique to derive the maximum profit from production of feeds produced by Feeds Maters Limited, Ilorin, Kwara State. Linear Programming of the operations of the company was formulated and optimum results derived using Software that employed Simplex method. The result shows that two particular feeds should be produced even when the company should satisfy demands of the other - not - so profitable items in the surrounding of the company.

Balogun O. S. Role M. R., Akingbade T. J. and Akinrefon A. A. Application Of Linear Programming In A Manufacturing Company In Feed Masters, Kulende, Kwara State. Researcher 2013;5(8):34-38]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 8

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.08

Keywords: Optimization, Linear programming, Objective function, Constraints.

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The Use Of Shewart Control Chart In Quality Assessment Of Nimafoam

¹Balogun O.S., ² Akingbade T.J. and ¹ Akinrefon A.A.

¹Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, P.M.B. 2076, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria.

²Department of Mathematical Sciences, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria.

stapsalms@yahoo.com, afuapetoluse@yahoo.com

Abstract: The quality of NIMAFORM mattresses produced by Bajabure Industrial Complete (BIC) was assessed. Data were collected from the Quality Control Unit of BIC on the various densities 15 kg/m³, 18 kg/m³, 20 kg/m³, 25 kg/m³, 29 kg/m³. The Shewart Control Chart techniques were used precisely, since the data were of the variable type. It was observed that 15kg/m³, 18kg/m³, 20kg/m³ and 25kg/m³ meet the desired and design specification.

[Balogun O.S., Akingbade T.J. and Akinrefon A.A. The Use Of Shewart Control Chart In Quality Assessment Of Nimafoam. Researcher 2013;5(8):39-48]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 9

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.09

Keywords: Quality, Density, Control limits, Statistical Control, Foams

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An Integrated Model for Knowledge Management and Electronic Customer Relationship Management

Wael Hadi ^{1, *}, Jaber Al-Widian ²

1. University of Petra, Amman, Jordan

2. Arab Open University, Riyadh, KSA

whadi@uop.edu.jo, j.alwedyan@arabou.edu.sa

Abstract: It is generally accepted that due to globalization, competition is becoming more intense and organizations are now able to or forced to open newer markets with different paradigms. As a result, Knowledge Management (KM) has been increasingly recognized as the most important and valuable asset in organizations and as a key differentiating factor in Electronic Customer Relationship Management (ECRM). The aim of this paper is to present a conceptual framework of KM integrated with ECRM called Electronic Customer Knowledge Relationship Management (ECKRM) process, based on investigation of various models presented in KM and Customer Knowledge. The main emphasis was focused on the concept of Electronic customer knowledge (electronic knowledge about customer, electronic knowledge for customer, electronic knowledge from customer). Therefore, the paper will describe a more valid process to acquire new electronic customer, retain existing electronic customer, and finally expand the relationship with Electronic customer.

[Wael Hadi, Jaber Al-Widian. An Integrated Model for Knowledge Management and Electronic Customer Relationship Management. Researcher 2013;5(8):49-56]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 10

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.10

Key words: Knowledge Management (KM), Electronic Customer Relationship Management (ECRM), Customer Knowledge, and Customer satisfaction.

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Warehouse Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Networks

Wu Xiao-jie, Chao Hu, Liu Yu-Chao, Zhang Qiang

Department of Air Force Service College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China

E-mail: jillwu2009@gmail.com

Abstract: We put the wireless sensor network technology and intelligent warehouse control systems together. According to the features of wireless sensor networks and intelligent warehouse monitoring system, we designed an intelligent warehouse monitoring system based on wireless sensor network. The system reflects the characteristics of wireless sensor networks, is easy to use, stable and reliable.

[Wu Xiao-jie, Chao Hu, Liu Yu-Chao, Zhang Qiang. Warehouse Monitoring System Based on Wireless Sensor Networks. Researcher 2013;5(8):57-60]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 11

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.11

Keywords: Warehouse; Monitoring System; Wireless; Sensor; Network

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[Researcher 2013;5(8):61-66]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 12. doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.12

 Withdrawn

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Area efficient cryptographic ciphers for resource constrained devices

T. Blesslin Sheeba¹, Dr. P. Rangarajan²

^1. Department of ECE, Sathyabama University, Chennai-600087, India

^2. Department of EEE, RMD Engineering College, Chennai-600087, India

blesslinsheebarmk@gmail.com

Abstract: The upcoming area of pervasive computing will be characterized by many smart devices that have very limited resources in terms of memory, computing power and battery supply. In information technology, Ubiquitous which is widely believed to be the next paradigm. The mass deployment of pervasive devices promises on the one hand many benefits, but on the other hand, many foreseen applications are security sensitive. In order to provide security on resource constrained devices lightweight cryptographic algorithms have been developed. In this paper we propose lightweight cryptography for FPGAs by introducing block cipher independent optimization techniques for Altera Cyclone III FPGAs and applying them to the lightweight cryptographic algorithms HIGHT and Present. Both are less than half the size of the AES implementation without using block RAMs.

[T. Blesslin Sheeba, P. Rangarajan. Area efficient cryptographic ciphers for resource constrained devices. Researcher 2013;5(8):67-74]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 13

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.13

Keywords: AES, Block cipher, Camellia, FPGAs, Lightweight cryptography.

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A New Approach for Performance Evaluation of Supply Chain Management

Sadaei, Maryam; Fazli, Safar

Address: No 51, Bakhtiari Alley, Bonyad junction, Qazvin, Iran, Postal Code: 15136 34199

University: International University of Qazvin, Email: m_sadaei@yahoo.com

Mobile: 0098 9375369652

Abstract: Supply chain management is the management of internal and external processes or functions to satisfy a customer’s order from raw materials through conversion and manufacture through shipment. Recent studies indicate that supply chain performance affects more than 85 percent of a manufacturer’s costs and a large percent of its revenues. Monitoring this performance through measurements is, therefore, practical and helps to identify optimization opportunities. Performance measures, or “metrics,” are used to monitor the progress of supply chain initiatives. In other words, a performance measure is a value or characteristic to measure output or outcome. In this study, using improved Willis method and base on Gunasekaran Model, has been presented practical method that calculates degree of supply chain management performance. The measurement framework in this study offers guidelines for measuring the supply chain performance in manufacturing units. The case study of this research is relevant to performance measurement of supply chain management in MAHER ANDISH unit which is one of the largest motor vehicle parts manufacturers in Iran. Based on Gunasekaran Model, supply chain management levels were divided into 3 levels and 15 criteria. Findings indicate the degree of supply chain management Performance in this industry unit is equal to 0.783.

[Sadaei, Maryam; Fazli, Safar. A New Approach for Performance Evaluation of Supply Chain Management. Researcher 2013;5(8):75-81]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 14

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.14

Key words: performance measurement, supply chain management, strategy, tactics, operations

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Evaluation of Lean Manufacturing Factors in ATO Industries, Case Study: Rose Fireplace Industry

Sadaei, Maryam¹; Fazli, Safar

Address: No 51, Bakhtiari Alley, Bonyad junction, Qazvin, Iran, Postal Code: 15136 34199

University: International University of Qazvin, Email: m_sadaei@yahoo.com, Mobile: 0098 9375369652

Abstract: Manufacturers need to optimize operations. One of the best solutions for optimizing is achieving the highest possible degree of adaptability to lean manufacturing characteristics. The basic lean manufacturing elements include production flow, organizing, process control, measurement and supporting. Among these elements, measurement is of special significance. Measurement in lean manufacturing refers to determining the rate of adaptability in a system with lean manufacturing characteristics and hence, determining the degree of compatibility with criteria and characteristics of lean manufacturing, so manufacturers should constantly assess the degree of adaptability of their systems to lean manufacturing criteria. Purpose– The purpose of this paper is determining ATO systems leanness. Most previous studies have been done in Manufacturing To Order and Manufacturing To Stock industries, While The present study has been done in Assembly To Order or ATO industries. Design/methodology/approach– In this study, using dimensional analysis approach has been presented model that calculate degree of adaptability to lean manufacturing characteristic in Assembly To Order industries. Findings– The case study of this research is relevant to Rose Fireplace Industry. In this regard, lean manufacturing factors were divided into 6 main factors and 35 sub-factors. Findings indicate the degree of adaptability of Rose Fireplace Assembly Industry to lean manufacturing characteristics is 0.744. Originality/value– In this paper, ATO systems degree of adaptability to lean manufacturing characteristics is considered.

[Sadaei, Maryam; Fazli, Safar. Evaluation of Lean Manufacturing Factors in ATO Industries, Case Study: Rose Fireplace Industry. Researcher 2013;5(8):82-89]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 15

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050813.15

Key words: Lean manufacturing, Manufacturing To Order; MTO, Manufacturing To Stock (MTS); Assembly To Order (ATO), Leanness, Dimensional Analysis approach.

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