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Preliminary studies of the condition factors in five tropical fish species of a coastal state, Lagos Nigeria

Ajani, Gloria Ekaete

Nigeria Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Bar beach, Victoria Island, Lagos

olugee232000@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: This study investigated the state of wellbeing of five tropical fish species using the condition factors as the indices of measurement. Growth indices such as condition factor can be used to assess the influence of environmental factors on fish populations and also to establish the taxonomic characters of the species. The current investigation was undertaken to understand the relationship between fish length and weight using condition factor which describes the physiological state of the species. Condition factors (k) were estimated for five tropical marine fish species from fishing trawl that landed on Apapa jetty, in a coastal state Lagos Nigeria. The fish species are Galeoides decatyles, Deprene Africana, Chlorocrumbrus chrysurus, Pomadysis jubelin and Cynoglosus senegalensis with the following mean k values 1.59, 2.25, 0.65, 1.16 and 0.45 respectively. The condition factors from these species varied slightly with the results from other studies however the value obtained from this study showed that all species studied were in good condition from the mean condition values.

[Ajani, Gloria Ekaete. Preliminary studies of the condition factors in five tropical fish species of a coastal state, Lagos Nigeria. Researcher 2013;5(6):1-5]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 1

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.01

Keywords: condition factor, wellbeing, growth, tropical fish, species

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A review on conventional and non-conventional methods to manage post-harvest diseases of perishables

Abhishek Tripathi¹, Neeta Sharma¹, Vinay Sharma², Afroz Alam^2*

¹Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Lucknow

²Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali University, Tonk – 304022 (Rajasthan), India

*corresponding author: afrozalamsafvi@gmail.com

Abstract: Post harvest diseases are a cause of great economical loss to perishables throughout the world. In this review conventional and non-conventional control methods to manage post harvest diseases of the perishables have been discussed in detail in light of relevant work of past.

[Abhishek Tripathi, Neeta Sharma, Vinay Sharma, Afroz Alam. A review on conventional and non-conventional methods to manage post-harvest diseases of perishables. Researcher 2013;5(6):6-19]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 2

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.02

Keywords: Control, Conventional, Non-Conventional, Perishable, Post Harvest Control.

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Investigating the effective factors on actual use of computer among students of virtual learning On the basis of Davis’s model

Sedigheh Yazdanparast

Medical Science University (Islamic Republic of Iran)

Abstract: Knowing the effective factors in technology dology in this study is correlation.. Data of this study is analyzed by path analysis. Research results indicate that there is a significant relationship between subacceptance and establishing the suitable circumstances in which technology accepted and used are of the important issues in the field of technology. Of the influential factors in this field is acceptance and use of technology among different people e.g. teachers, university students and so on. Accordingly, this study investigates the effective factors on actual use of technology among students of virtual learning. Research methojective norm, attitude, and computer experience with actual use. Also, subjective norm has a significant effect on attitude toward using technology. This study also indicates that computer experience has a direct effect on subjective norms.

[Sedigheh Yazdanparast. Investigating the effective factors on actual use of computer among students of virtual learning On the basis of Davis’s model. Researcher 2013;5(6):20-22]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 3

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.03

Key words: Actual Use, Computer experience, Subjective norm, attitude.

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Design Of Sierpinski Gasket Multiband Fractal Antenna For Wireless Applications

J Behera¹. R.K.Samantaray², R K Sethi³, P Bose⁴, S Praharaj⁵, R Mirdha⁶, S Behera⁷. J.Dinesh^8*.

1. Dept. of ECE, GIFT, BBSR, Odisha, India

2. Dept. of ECE, REC, BBSR. Odisha, India

8. Dept. of ETC, CV Raman College of Engg., BBSR, Odisha, India

samantaray.ranjan75@gmail.com

Abstract: The multiband behavior of the Fractal Sierpinski Gasket Antenna is described in this paper. An analysis is performed to examine the parameters of an antenna with a frequency range in between 1 GHz to 6 GHz. The behaviors of an antenna are investigated such as return loss and bandwidth. Simulations have been done by using different iterations. This multiband Fractal antenna is also used for different wireless applications. Sierpinski gasket antenna using a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed which is proposed for multiband applications.

[J Behera. R.K. Samantaray, R K Sethi, P Bose, S Praharaj, R Mirdha, S Behera. J.Dinesh. Design Of Sierpinski Gasket Multiband Fractal Antenna For Wireless Applications. Researcher 2013;5(6):23-25]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 4

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.04

Keywords: Fractal antenna, CPW feeding, multiband, Sierpinski gasket,

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Cloud Application of e-Governance System Using Advanced Wireless Networks

* Rajeev Kumar, ** Dr. M.K. Sharma

Research Scholar, Department of Computer Science, Bhagwant University, Ajmer (Rajasthan)

Email ID: rajeev2009mca@gmail.com

 Department of Computer Science, Amrapali Institute, Haldwani. (Uttarakhand) – India

Email ID: sharmamkhld@gmail.com

Abstract: In This paper we describes the new cloud Application framework using J2ME application in mobile networks system for everyone in e-Governance, it is used for different purpose relating for computer new advanced technology like science, electronics, environmental science and many more fields etc... In this e-governance cloud framework we design a new computing system using J2ME application for communication, sharing and transferring data as a social networking of other relevant areas who has communicated to citizen to citizen, business to business and in this application we can providing the information to everyone through SMS, MMS messages and conferencing alert system like. In this technology we can used the alert system for citizens and that is sending an alert message for every related tip and we can communicate to every lower class peoples like citizen to citizen and people to people with the help of java machine application. Here we can use speech compression algorithm for voice recognition system, whereas typical automatic speaker or language identification systems are not capable of handling compressed speech. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) also used in e-Governance as alert facility and give the suggestion, GPS system related tips for you and your children’s. Here web Service is used to deal with the interaction between the server end and the customer end, and supports the issue of backstage service end program. This paper also describes e-governance framework system for advanced technology using J2ME with java mobile applications technology in advanced e-governance.

[Rajeev Kumar, M.K. Sharma. Cloud Application of e-Governance System Using Advanced Wireless Networks. Researcher 2013;5(6):26-29]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 5

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.05

Keywords: J2ME application, cloud computing framework, e-Governance applications, Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Mobile Network Security System.

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Shallow Geophysical Techniques for Groundwater Aquifer Exploration, Ain Alsokhona Area, West Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Othman A. A. A.¹, Abd El Hafez Th. H.¹, Youssef M.A.S.² and Sabra M. E. M.³

¹Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

²Nuclear Materials Authority, Exploration Division, Po. Box 530, Maadi, Cairo, Egypt.

³Egyptian Mineral Resources Authority, Po. Box 11517, Abbassiya, Cairo, Egypt.

Shokryam@yahoo.com

Abstract: Eight seismic refraction profiles, five Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) and four geophysical well logging tools were acquired along the western side of Gulf of Suez, Egypt, in order to study the aquifer's geometry, groundwater level and locate promising sites for future drilling. The well logging measurements included: natural gamma- ray (GR), self potential (SP), electric resistivity (16″, 64″), density and neutron. The seismic primary wave velocity distribution indicated that, there are three different zones ranging between (500 – 625 m/s), (1300 – 1600 m/s) and (2400 – 3000 m/s). The obtained results showed that, the first low velocity range may indicate an unsaturated zone, which is directly affected by surface water, that appears along the studied area. The second and third velocity ranges may show water level at saturated zone and the lithologic interfaces. The estimated thickness of the unsaturated zone varies between 1 m and 3.5 m. The thickness of the top saturated zone ranges between 9.5 m and 26 m. This represents the gradual increase of seismic velocity layers with depth. This increase may be due to the dense formations, which change vertically from alluvial at the surface to compacted sediments and then to sandstone at depth. The true resistivity of the aquifer shows two zones; the first zone is a surficial resistive layer of dry alluvium, unconsolidated with consolidated Wadi sediments, which have average resistivity of more than 440 Ω.m, then lower resistivities reaching to 21 Ω.m in the second zone, which constitutes the main aquifer in the third and fourth geoelectric layers. The geophysical well logging tools confirm the water depths obtained from the seismic refraction analysis and vertical electric soundings. The water table levels are start below 17, 40, 15 and 45 m at wells No 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. In addition, they give more detailed explanation to the subsurface lithologies and their physical properties through varying lithologies with depth, such as porosity, clean or radioactivity, density and electrical resistivity. The integration of these results confirms the existence of a groundwater aquifer within this interval. The combination between the three executed geophysical methods indicated that, the subsurface lithology of the area is composed of three layers. The first top layer is formed from unconsolidated and consolidated Wadi sediments (unsaturated zone). The second saturated zone is a fractured rock; it is composed mainly of saturated sandstone and considered a promising layer for groundwater accumulation. The surface level of groundwater increases to the west, and decreases to the east of the study area. The obtained results show that, any future drilling for groundwater, a number of VES positions may be considered as potential locations, especially at VES 3.

[Othman A. A. A., Abd El Hafez Th. H., Youssef M.A.S. and Sabra M. E. M. Shallow Geophysical Techniques for Groundwater Aquifer Exploration, Ain Alsokhona Area, West Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Researcher 2013;5(6):30-41]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 6

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.06

Keywords: VES, Seismic Refraction, Neutron Log and Groundwater.

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Assessing Similarities and differences between Distance Education and e-learning

Amirhossein Pirmoradi

Former Graduate Student (M. S), science and research branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

E-mail: amirhosseinpirmoradi@yahoo.com

Abstract: Distance education can be used for some aspects of most disciplines. For example, several institutions of higher education already have developed certificate programs, undergraduate programs, and graduate programs in health and physical education that are delivered using distance education methods. Eastern Oregon University, Emporia State University, Kutztown University, LaSalle University, the Medical College of Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin at Stevens Point, and Virginia Tech are among institutions integrating distance technology into their physical education programs Distance education is education designed for learners who live at a distance from the teaching institution or education provider. It is the enrollment and study with an educational institution that provides organized, formal learning opportunities for students. Presented in a sequential and logical order, the instruction is offered wholly or primarily by distance study, through virtually any media.

[Amirhossein Pirmoradi. Assessing Similarities and differences between Distance Education and e-learning. Researcher 2013;5(6):42-47]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 7

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.07

Keywords: Distance Education, E-learning

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The Intercropping Effect on Potato under Net House as Adaption Procedure of Climate Change Impacts

Abdrabbo M. A.; A. A. Farag and M. Abul-Soud

Central Laboratory for Agricultural climate (CLAC), Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Egypt.

Abdrabbo@yahoo.com

Abstract: The intensive agricultural and intercropping systems take a great place in the consideration of decision makers as well as the farmers. Through climate change impacts on food security and the need to increase the agricultural production of the area unit led to change many traditional agricultural practices such as cultivation some export fruit (Orange, grape, mango and etc.) under net house instead of open field. The need to increase the soil use efficiency by using the free areas during the first three years of young trees among the rows and in between were so urgent to serve the food security options. In this study potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L., Valor cultivar) were cultivated as intercrop among young orange trees (first and second year), under different five net colors for covering greenhouses (yellow, white, red, blue and black) and open field to increase the soil use efficiency through the bare areas among the citrus rows especially at the winter season. Three in-row plant spacing were applied (12.5, 25 and 50 cm) under each net house color. Trial was carried out during two growing winter seasons of 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 at El-Bossily farm, CLAC, Agricultural Research Center, El-Behira Governorate, Egypt. This study investigated the effects of different net color on the growth and production of potato in terms of light intensity, air temperature, relative humidity and plant growth were evaluated over the two seasons. Regardless of net color, all treatments decreased maximum temperatures and increased relative humidity compared with open field conditions. The use of white and yellow nets resulted in a significant increase of the number of leaves, fresh and dry weight and tuber yield per plant compared to other treatments. Data revealed that under white and yellow nets the most appropriate microclimate for producing potato under Egyptian conditions. The net color and in-row plant space affected on the NPK content of potato plant. Increasing in-row plant distance from 12.5 to 50 cm led to increase the tuber yield per potato plant on contrary of tuber yield per unit area. The economic consideration suggest using 12.5 or 25 cm in row plant space in case of using the bare soil between the citrus plant.

[Abdrabbo M. A.; A. A. Farag and M. Abul-Soud. The Intercropping Effect on Potato under Net House as Adaption Procedure of Climate Change Impacts. Researcher 2013;5(6):48-60]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 8

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.08

Keywords: intercropping, net house, net color, micro climate, plant density, vegetative growth and Tuber yield.

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The Effect of Steamed and Microwaved Cooking on the Levels of Heavy Metals; Lead and Mercury in the Cyprinus carpio’s Muscle

Forouzanfar, F¹, Askari Sari. A², Chelemal Dezfool Nezhad. M³

¹. Department of Fisheries, Islamic Azad University, Khouzestan Science and Research Branch, Khouzestan, Iran

^{2, 3}.Department of Fisheries, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract: The survey in 2012 to assess the heavy metals lead and mercury concentrations in common carp cooked in steam and microwave cooking methods were crude samples. Randomly assigned to 24 common carp Azadegan warm fish culture center (Ahvaz) was caught. After the fillets, steamed muscles and microwave cooking methods of lead and mercury fish were then measured with the Spectrophotometer using One-way Anova using SPSS software were compared. The results of this study showed higher concentrations of mercury in the steam way (258± 11.05) compared to the microwave (50.33± 7.75) and the raw samples (185.66 ± 17) showed that mercury concentrations in steamed raw muscle and cooked in a microwave muscle shows significant differences (p <0.05) the highest concentrations of mercury instead of lead metal in the microwave cooking method (304± 8.54) and the lowest concentration steamed mode (254.33± 7.63) showed that both methods lead metal concentrations than controls (232± 12.28) increased. Lead concentrations in the raw muscle muscle cooked by microwave shows a significant difference (p <0.05) while no significant difference was observed with steamed muscles (p ≥ 0.05).

[Forouzanfar, F, Askari Sari. A, Chelemal Dezfool Nezhad. M. The Effect of Steamed and Microwaved cooking on the Levels of Heavy Metals; Lead and Mercury in the Cyprinus carpio’s Muscle. Researcher 2013;5(6):61-64]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 9

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.09

Keywords: cooking methods,heavy metal, lead, mercury, Cyprinus carpio.

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A New Goal Programming Approach to Data Envelopment Analysis

Hossein Safari ^1, Abdol Hossein Jafarzadeh ^2, Mohsen Moradi-Moghadam ³, Mohammad Hosein Soleimani-Sarvestani ³

¹ Associated Professor, Department of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

² M.S. Candidate of Industrial Management, University of Tehran

³ M.S. of Industrial Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Email: M.h.soleimani@ut.ac.ir

Abstract: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has a wide range of mathematical models for measuring the relative efficiency of a set of identical units with the same inputs and outputs are used. These models, the sum of the weights for inputs and outputs of the Decision Making unit (DMU) obtain and based on the relative efficiency of each unit are computed. The freedom in the choice of weights, the DMUs put in the best position possible. The inefficient unit may for criteria in the worst efficiency, a zero weight are assigned and is recognized as an efficient unit. This issue may not be accepted by decision makers as well as analysts. It needs to define the range for controlling weight range of variation criteria in the optimal response. In this paper, a model for data envelopment analysis based on Goal Programming (GP) is proposed. In addition to limit the weight, the distinction between units greatly increases, and its application in a numerical example is provided. Linearity, wide applicability and meaningful weights are benefits of the proposed model.

[Hossein Safari, Abdol Hossein Jafarzadeh, Mohsen Moradi-Moghadam, Mohammad Hosein Soleimani-Sarvestani. A New Goal Programming Approach to Data Envelopment Analysis. Researcher 2013;5(6):65-71]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 10

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.10

Keywords: Data Envelopment Analysis, Goal Programming, Decision Making Unit, Discriminate Power.

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Optimal PID Insulin Injection Control For Blood Glucose Regulation in IDDM Patient

A K Patra¹, R K Samantaray², (DR) J K Maharana^3*

1. Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, I.T.E.R,’SOA’ University, Odisha, India

2. Department of ECE, REC, Bhubaneswar, odisha, india

3. Dept of EEE, GITA, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

hiakp@yahoo.com, samantaray.ranjan75@gmail.com

Abstract: This paper address the design of output feedback PID controller to deliver insulin via an implantable micro insulin dispenser for insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients. For synthesis of the controller, a 9^th order linear state space model of the multivariable nonlinear dynamic glucose insulin process of the IDDM patient has been used. The performance of the resulting controller was tested on the nonlinear model of the process in simulation platform implants of the insulin pump & glucose sensor. The controller performance was assessed in terms of its ability to track a normoglycomic set point of 81 mg/dl in presence of once daily meal disturbance & once daily exercise disturbance with other stochastic noises. With an appropriate patient model, simulation studies have shown that the controller could correct the BG deviation using clinically acceptable insulin delivery rates.

[A K Patra, R K Samantaray, J K Maharana. Optimal PID Insulin Injection Control For Blood Glucose Regulation in IDDM Patient. Researcher 2013;5(6):72-78]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 11

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.11

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Glucose insulin model, Insulin infusion & PID control.

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Automated Brain Tumor Detection and Identification Using Image Processing

R K Samantaray^1*, S B Panda², B Pradhan³

1. Department of ECE, REC, Bhubaneswar, odisha, india

2.GEC,Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

3. REC,Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

samantaray.ranjan75@gmail.com

Abstract: In this paper, modified image segmentation techniques were applied on MRI scan images in order to detect brain tumors. Also in this paper, a modified Probabilistic Neural Network (PNN) model that is based on learning vector quantization (LVQ) with image and data analysis and manipulation techniques is proposed to carry out an automated brain tumor classification using MRI-scans. The assessment of the modified PNN classifier performance is measured in terms of the training performance, classification accuracies and computational time. The simulation results showed that the modified PNN gives rapid and accurate classification compared with the image processing and published conventional PNN techniques. Simulation results also showed that the proposed system out performs the corresponding PNN system presented in [30], and successfully handle the process of brain tumor classification in MRI image with 100% accuracy when the spread value is equal to 1. These results also claim that the proposed LVQ-based PNN system decreases the processing time to approximately 79% compared with the conventional PNN which makes it very promising in the field of in-vivo brain tumor detection and identification.

[R K Samantaray, S B Panda, B Pradhan. Automated Brain Tumor Detection and Identification Using Image Processing. Researcher 2013;5(6):79-88]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 12

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.12

Keywords: Probabilistic Neural Network, Edge detection, image segmentation, brain tumor detection and identification.

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Agent-based Simulation for Blood Glucose Control

A K Patra¹, R K Samantaray², (DR) J K Maharana^3*

1. Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, I.T.E.R,’SOA’ University, Odisha, India

2. Department of ECE, REC, Bhubaneswar, odisha, india

3. Dept of EEE, GITA, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

hiakp@yahoo.com, samantaray.ranjan75@gmail.com

Abstract: This paper employs a new approach to regulate the blood glucose level of type I diabetic patient under an intensive insulin treatment. The closed-loop control scheme incorporates expert knowledge about treatment by using reinforcement learning theory to maintain the normoglycemic average of 80 mg/dl and the normal condition for free plasma insulin concentration in severe initial state. The insulin delivery rate is obtained off-line by using Q-learning algorithm, without requiring an explicit model of the environment dynamics. The implementation of the insulin delivery rate, therefore, requires simple function evaluation and minimal online computations. Controller performance is assessed in terms of its ability to reject the effect of meal disturbance and to overcome the variability in the glucose-insulin dynamics from patient to patient. Computer simulations are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed technique and to show its superiority in controlling hyperglycemia over other existing algorithms.

[A K Patra, R K Samantaray, J K Maharana. Agent-based Simulation for Blood Glucose Control. Researcher 2013;5(6):89-95]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher. 13

doi:10.7537/marsrsj050613.13

Keywords: Insulin Delivery rate, Q-learning algorithm, Reinforcement learning, Type I diabetes.

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