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Improving Effect of Dietary Oat Bran Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Induced By Hyperlipidemic Diet

 Ola S Mohamed^a, Mostafa M Said^b, Zeinab Y Ali^b*, Hanan A Atia^a and Heba S Mostafa^b

 ^a Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

^b Department of Biochemistry, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), Giza, Egypt.

 *Corresponding author. Zeinab Yousef Ali (Ph D)

Biochemistry department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research (NODCAR), 6-Abu Hazem Street, Pyramids Ave. P.O. Box 29, 35521 Giza, Egypt.

e-mail: zeinabyousef65@ymail.com

Tel: 002-02-35851278, 002-02-35850005; Mobile: 002-012-8079870

Fax: 002-02-35855582

Abstract: Many epidemiological studies support the involvement of oxidative stress in pathogenesis and progression of many diseases such as hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. Oats (Avena sativa, Linn.) are rich in antioxidants and have cholesterol-reducing effect. This study aimed to evaluate the total phenolic and antioxidant activity as well as the prophylactic and curative effects of oat bran (2.70 g. kg^-1 b.w. day^-1) on oxidative stress induced by hyperlipideamic diet comparing with simvastatin (3.6 g. kg^-1 b.w.day^-1) as reference agent. Rats fed on hyperlipidemic diet supplemented with cholesterol, cholic acid and thiouracil (CCT, 3:1:0.5) exhibited significant elevation in hepatic antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT, GPx and GST) activities and lipid peroxide (MDA), and a significant depletion in reduced glutathione (GSH) content. Oat bran was able to maintain or ameliorate these changes to nearly normal levels and reveals its prophylactic and curative effects on oxidative stress associated with hyperlipidemia. Oat bran has nearly similar potent antioxidant effect as simvastatin. These beneficial effects could be attributed to the antioxidant activities of bioactive ingredients in oat bran. In conclusion, oat bran supplementation exhibited a powerful antioxidant potential and, thus, reduce incidence and prevent atherosclerosis through a reduction in oxidative stress induced by hyperlipidemia in rats.

[Ola S Mohamed, Mostafa M Said, Zeinab Y Ali^, Hanan A Atia and Heba S Mostafa. Improving Effect of Dietary Oat Bran Supplementation on Oxidative Stress Induced By Hyperlipidemic Diet. Researcher. 2011;3(3):1-10]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.01

 Key Words: Avena sativa; oat bran; total phenolics; antioxidant activity; hyperlipidemia; atherosclerosis; oxidative stress; hepatic antioxidant

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Antagonistic Effect of Indigenous Bacillus subtilis on Root-/Soil-borne Fungal Pathogens of Cowpea

 Killani, A.S. ^{1, 2*}, Abaidoo, R.C.¹, Akintokun, A.K.² and Abiala, M. A.³

 1. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture PMB. 5320, Ibadan,Oyo State, Nigeria

2. Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Agriculture, PMB 2240, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

3. Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Ibadan, PMB 128 Ibadan, Nigeria

E mail: killani405@yahoo.com, skillani@cgiar.org, rabaidoo@cgiar.org, ron_akintokun@yahoo.com mos4top@yahoo.com

 Abstract: The biopesticide ability of indigenous Bacillus subtilis as a biocontrol agent against cowpea fungal pathogens Fusarium verticilloides, F. equiseti, F. solani, F. oxysporum, and Rhizoctonia solani isolated from diseased cowpea in the northern Guinea savanna of Nigeria was evaluated in the laboratory. Primary in-vitro screening for antagonism against these phytopathogenic fungi revealed significant (P ≤ 0.05) inhibitory effects on mycelial radial growth of the pathogens. Generally, the antibiosis exhibited by B. subtilis against F. verticilloides, F. equiseti, and R. solani was highly significant. However, there were little or no inhibition effects on F. solani, and F. oxysporum. Differences in times of inoculation between the antagonist and the pathogens were not significantly (P ≤ 0.05) different in aiding effective and efficient inhibition of the pathogens by B. subtilis. The B. subtilis strain isolated, identified, and used in this present study is a promising natural biopesticide agent which can be considered as an alternative to chemical pesticides in cowpea disease management strategies and should be further studied and tested for control of other phytopathogenic fungi causing diseases and yield loss in susceptible cowpea germplasm.

Researcher. 2011;3(3):11-18]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.02

 Keywords: Biopesticide, Bacillus subtilis, biocontrol, phytopathogenic, antibiosis, fungal pathogens

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Interleukin 6 (Il₆) In Patients With Compensated Cirrhosis And Symptomatic Gall Stones After Laparoscopic

 And Open Cholecystectomy

 Elham Ragab Abd El Samee¹, Mosaad Morshed², Saleh El-Awadi², Wael Khafagi², Ahmad Moatamed²

1. Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

2. General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

elhmaelngar@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: The advantages of laparoscopic cholecystcytomy (LC) for most patients have been extensively published. However its benefits and successful use in patients with cirrhosis are less documented. The study compromised fifty patients with symptomatic gallstone cholecystectomy disease and undergone either open cholecytectomy (OC) or laparoscopic. These patients were randomized into two groups: Group I included 24 patients who underwent OC, and group II included 26 patients who underwent LC. Patient age, sex, clinical presentation and child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class were documented. No patients in this study had CTP class cirrhosis. IL-6 measurement by ELISA post operative, operative time, postoperative pain, hospital stay, blood loss, morbidity, recovery time, and liver function test abnormalities. There was no operative mortality. Conversion to OC was necessary in 3 patients. Mean surgical time was significantly longer in OC group (group I) than LC group (group II), (mean + SD, 96.6 + 32, minutes Vs 58.7 + 23.8 minutes, P=0.037). No patients in group II required any blood replacement in contrast to 9 patients (37.5%) in group I. Intraoperative bleeding remained significantly higher in group I (P=0.043). No patients in group II had wound complications compared with 5 patients (29.14%) in group I. The group I had significantly longer hospital stay than group II, mean 9.0 + 1.3 days (median 7) Vs 2.3 days +1.9 (median 2.5); P=0.001, lowered level of IL-6 at 6^th hour and 12^th hour post operative. Our results demonstrate that laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be performed safely in patients with CTP class A and B cirrhosis. It offers several advantages over open cholecystectomy, including lower morbidity, shorter operative time, and reduced hospital stay with less need for blood transfusions. IL-6 more significantly, increase post operatively more in open cholecystectomy than laparoscopic one as it cooperates with intensity of operative trauma.

 [Elham Ragab Abd El Samee, Mosaad Morshed, Saleh El-Awadi, Wael Khafagi, Ahmad Moatamed : Study of IL-6 after Laparascopic and open cholecystectomy. Researcher. 2011;3(3):19-26]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.03

Keywords: Interleukin-6, Liver cirrhosis, cholecystectomy, Laparoscopy

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Abstract: Excessive inflammation and tumor-necrosis factor (TNF) synthesis causes morbidity and mortality in diverse human diseases including endotoxaemia, sepisis, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases. Highly conserved, endogenous mechanisms normally regulate the magnitude of innate responses and prevent excessive inflammation. The release of system, through the vagus nerve, can inhibit significantly and rapidly the release of macrophage TNF, and attenuate systemic inflammatory responses. This physiological mechanism, termed the ‘cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway’ has major implications in immunology and in therapeutics; however, the identity of the essential macrophage acetylcholine mediated (cholinergic) receptor that responds to vagus nerve signals was previously unknown. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, or nAChRs, are ionotropic receptors that form ligand-gated ion channels in cells' plasma membranes. Like the other type of acetylcholine receptors, muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs), their opening is triggered by the neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh), but they are also opened by nicotine. Also in contrast to muscarinic ACh receptors, nicotinic acetylcholine cys loop receptors do not operate with a second messenger, but open themselves forming an ion channel. Their action is inhibited by curare. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are present in many tissues in the body. The neuronal receptors are found in the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. The neuromuscular receptors are found in the neuromuscular junctions of somatic muscles; stimulation of these receptors causes muscular contraction. Here we report that the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha-7 subunit is required for acetylcholine inhibition of macrophage TNF release. Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve inhibits TNF synthesis in wide- type mice, but fails to inhibit TNF synthesis in 7 deficient cytokine syntheses by the cholinergic anti-inflammation pathway. Modeller 9v2 was used to design the receptor nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha-7 subunit. Genemaths XT was used for microarray analysis of the receptor. Molecular docking of nicotinic acetylcholine cys loop receptor (alpha-7 subunit) with the ligand 1sq3 by Autodock 4.0 to obtain biomolecules for the control of neural diseases.

[Sabitri Nahak, Gayatri Nahak and Rajani Kanta Sahu. Microarray and Proteomics Analysis on Neurotransmitter (Nicotinic Acetylcholine Cys Loop Receptor) by using Bioinformatics Tools. Researcher. 2011;3(3):27-33]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.04

 Key word: nAChR (alpha-7subunit), Molecular modeling, Neurotransmitter, Microarray, Docking, 1sq3, Ligand

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HPTLC method validation of reserpine in Rauwolfia serpentina – A High Value medicinal Plant

Hema Lohani, Harish Chandra Andola* Ujjwal Bhandari, Nirpendra Chauhan

Corresponding Author* - andolah@rediffmail.com

Abstract: Rauwolfia serpentine medicinal value well known in various system of medicine all over the world. Reserpine is an indole alkaloid and is important constituent of Rauwolfia which is reported to posses anti hypertensive and tranquilizing activity. In the present study High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography has been developed for quantification of Reserpine in Rauwolfia and its allied preparations, which was found to be rapid and accurate. The method proposed was highly precise, sensitive, specific and reproducible with an average recovery of 78%. The limit of quantification was observed to be 112 ng.

[Hema Lohani, Harish Chandra Andola* Ujjwal Bhandari, Nirpendra Chauhan. HPTLC method validation of reserpine in Rauwolfia serpentina – A High Value medicinal Plant. Researcher. 2011;3(3):34-37]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.05

 Keywords: Rauwolfia serpentina, reserpine, HPTLC, Validations, indole alkaloid

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Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in water, sediments, Fin and Shell-fish samples from Lagos Lagoon Complex, Nigeria.

Adeboyejo, O. A., Clarke, E.O. and Olarinmoye, M.O.

Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria.

adeboyejoakintade@yahoo.co.uk, claralgae5@yahoo.com pisxs@yaho.com

Abstract: The organochlorine pesticide (OCPs) residues were measured in Fin fish (Oreochromis niloticus), shell fish (Callinectes pallidus), sediments and water samples. These were collected from Ologe lagoon, Kuramo lagoon and Lagos Lagoon. The analysis was done using Gas Chromatograph with Electron Capture Detector. The overall range OCPs in ng/l (with their mean and standard deviation) in water samples were: Aldrin ND-658.0(242.5±361.5), Chlordane 218.0-702.0(393.7±267.9), Endrin ND-2551.0(959±1388.3), DDT ND-115.0(41.3±63.9), DDD 20.3-268.0(120.5±130.4), pp-DDE 0-176.0(99.6±90.2), α-HCH ND-230.0(117±115.1), γ-HCH ND-783.0(273.6±441.5), β-HCH 28.9-518.0(245.9±249.1), δ-HCH 0-498.0(211.0±257.5), HCB ND-7.9(2.6±4.5), Dieldrin 14.2-175.0(102.4±81.5), Endosulfan ND-3726.0(1549.7±1940.4), and Heptachlor ND-1405.0 (525.7±766.4). While the concentrations in sediment ranged between 0.4 – 43.5μg/kg. The highest levels of OCPs were detected in shellfish and sediment of Ologe lagoon which is bordered by heavy industrial. These concentrations were found to exceed in several folds the recommended limit/guideline (10ng/l) for freshwater aquatic life in Canada and 0.01ppm by Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) now Federal Ministry of Environment in Nigeria.

Researcher. 2011;3(3):38-45]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.06

 Key words: organochlorine pesticides, fin-fish, shell-fish, Lagos lagoon complex, sediment

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Relationship between Viable Bacterial Counts and Physicochemical Properties of Cocoa Powders and Powdered Cocoa Beverages purchased in Nigerian Supermarkets.

Joseph A. O.Olugbuyiro¹, Grace I. Olasehinde², Pauline McLoone², Afolabi Oluwadun^2,3

 ¹Department of Chemistry, ²Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Technology,

Covenant University, Canaanland, P.M.B 1023, Ota, Nigeria. ³Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Health Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, P.O. Box 657, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria.

 E-mail: olugbuyiro@yahoo.com, golasehinde@yahoo.com, paulinemcloone@yahoo.co.uk

afolabioluwadun@yahoo.com 

ABSTRACT: Cocoa powders (CPs) and powdered cocoa beverages (PCBs) are largely consumed as health and vitality drinks in Nigeria. In view of the recent reports that these food products supported bacterial growth, this study determined whether there could be definite relationship between viable bacterial counts and physicochemical properties of five brands of CPs and PCBs purchased from supermarkets in Ibadan and Lagos in South West, Nigeria. The pH and titratable acidity of the products were measured by using pH meter and colorimetric acidity titration respectively. The moisture contents were determined by drying method at 105ºC in oven and ash by mineralization at 550ºC using furnace. No definite type of relationship was established between viable bacterial counts and pH, titratable acidity (lactic acid, acetic acid), moisture and ash contents vis-à-vis powdery and granular natures of the cocoa food products. Only the two PCBs tightly packed in the polythene sachets had acceptable mean viable bacterial counts, which did not exceed 5.0 x 10³ cfu/ml specified for cocoa powders in food industries. Also, only two of the five brands had acceptable moisture contents, which did not exceed the national specification of 3.10% for cocoa powders. Furthermore, the ash contents of all the brands exceeded the acceptable national specification of 2.60%. Significant variations (P<0.05) were obtained in the mean pH, titratable acidity, viable bacterial counts, moisture and ash contents within and between products containing only cocoa powders and those containing additives. In conclusion, the results from this study showed that the physicochemical properties of cocoa powders and powdered cocoa beverages could not be used to predict the viable bacterial counts of these food products.

[Joseph A. O.Olugbuyiro, Grace I. Olasehinde, Pauline McLoone, Afolabi Oluwadun. Relationship between Viable Bacterial Counts and Physicochemical Properties of Cocoa Powders and Powdered Cocoa Beverages purchased in Nigerian Supermarkets. Researcher. 2011;3(3):46-52]. (ISSN: 1553-9865).

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.07

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Technological and biological effects of sodium meta-bisulfite and ascorbic acid on solar dried sheeted tomato

Gamil F. Bareh¹, A. A. Shouk¹ and Salwa M Kassem²

¹ Food Technology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

² Cell Biology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract: Sodium meta-bisulphite (SMBS) and ascorbic acid (AA) were added during the processing of solar dried sheeted tomato. SMBS and AA were added to concentrated juice before drying in concentrations 0.67, 0.167and 0.335 g/L for SMBS while it was 0.110, 0.220 and 0.330g/L for AA. Colour attributes, sensory evaluation and biological evaluation were studied. The obtained results showed that both SMBS and AA improved the final product quality regarding colour and general appearance. The biological studies revealed that SMBS induced chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow and spermatocytes cells especially the concentrations of 0.335g/L. Also, ascorbic acid (0.330 g/L) induced chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow and spermatocytes more than control sample. The effect of SMBS was higher than that of ascorbic acid. Finally, it could be concluded that SMBS had adverse and undesirable effect regardless of its technological advantages.

[Gamil F. Bareh, A. A. Shouk¹ and Salwa M Kassem. Technological and biological effects of sodium meta-bisulfite and ascorbic acid on solar dried sheeted tomato. Researcher. 2011;3(3):53-60]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.08

Key words: tomato, sheets bone marrow, aberrations, sodium meta-bisulphite, ascorbic acid

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Evaluation of Some Manure Types for the Growth and Yield of Watermelon in Southwestern Nigeria. 

Okunlola, A. I.¹, Adejoro, S. A.^1* and Fakanlu, G². 

¹Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B 704 Akure, Nigeria. solomonadejoro@yahoo.com 

ABSTRACT: Extensive use of inorganic fertilizes has been discovered to have depressing yield effects on watermelon. This study was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Technology, Akure (7⁰16’E, 5⁰12’E) located in the rain forest vegetation zone of Nigeria to evaluate the performance of watermelon grown under sub-optimal rates of application of three different types of manure. The treatment imposed were poultry manure at the rates of 4 t/ha, 6 t/ha, 8 t/ha and 10 t/ha; organic manure at the rates of 4 t/ha, 6 t/ha, 8 t/ha and 10 t/ha; organomineral fertilizer at the rates of 2.5 t/ha, 3.0 t/ha, 3.5 t/ha and 4.0 t/ha; and a control plot where no fertilizer was applied. Crops establishment was in October 2008 to ‘catch’ remaining moisture before the exit of rains on the heavy soils of southwestern Nigeria. This was a deviation from the conventional growing of the crop in Nigeria, as its cultivation has been confined to the drier savanna region of the country where, it is believed that the crop will do best in terms of growth and yield. Excellent yields were obtained with all the manures at the varying rates with even the control plots, which recorded the lowest yield having as high as 22.7 t ha^-1. This is an indication that the crop will do well in this region even with no fertilizer application. All the manure types used increased the growth and yield of watermelon with increasing application rates. This also proposes that higher yields could be expected from the soils of southwestern Nigeria if the rates of application of these manures are increased.

[Okunlola, A. I., Adejoro, S. A. and Fakanlu, G. Evaluation of Different Manures on the Growth and Yield of Watermelon in Southwest Nigeria. Researcher. 2011;3(3):61-66]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net. 

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.09

Key words: watermelon; poultry manure; mineral fertilizer; organomineral

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E-Governance for Good Governance in Uttarakhand: A case study

Rajeev Kumar¹ and Dr. M.K.Sharma²

 ¹ Assistant Professor Department of Computer Science, Teerthanker Mahaveer University Moradabad

²Associate Professor & Head MCA Program, Department of Computer Science, Amrapali Institute -Haldwani (Uttarakhand); E-mail ID: rajeev2009mca@gmail.com

Abstract: In this paper study to all benefits and loses like advantages and disadvantages of e-Governance to define and illustrate the scope, applications and advantages of e-Governance. E-Governance is electronic governance which has provided the information of all technology. It aims to deliver more interactive services to citizens and businesses through E-Governance. It changes naturally should reflect the way government functions in terms of the organization of the government, its relationship with its citizens, institutions and businesses and cooperation with other governments.

[Rajeev Kumar and Dr. M.K. Sharma. E-Governance for Good Governance in Uttarakhand: A case study. Researcher. 2011;3(3):67-69]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net. 

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.10

Keywords: e-Governance, Applications.

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[Researcher. 2011;3(3):70-75]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net. 6

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Trends And Mechanisms Of Land Subsidence Of A Coastal Plain In The Delta Of Yangtze River-China

Waheed Oyelola Balogun¹, M.A. Anifowose ², M.A. Shogo ³, F.A Salaudeen ²

^1. School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geoscience (CUG), Wuhan, China, 430074

 ^2. Civil Engineering Department, The Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B. 420, Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria.

 ^3. Quantity Surveying Department, The Federal Polytechnic, P.M.B. 420, Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria.

waheedabefe@gmail.com

Abstract: The deltas of Yangtze River have been characterized with incessant occurrence of land subsidence due to over-exploitation of groundwater resources. Being the major source of water supply for industrial, agricultural and municipal development; groundwater have been ceaselessly over drafted in an area which is highly susceptible to land subsidence. Thus, this menace has wreck serious environ-geological and economical hazards in the delta of Yangtze River. 24 years data have been obtained and analyzed, using excel multivariable analysis functions to establish the trends and causes of land deformation in this area. Our results have shown that groundwater abstractions have direct correlations with land deformation except when adequate precaution and control measures were employed to ameliorate this environ-geologic hazard. However, The trends of land deformation kept increasing; showing that other causes such as construction loads due to rapid economic growth and urbanization is another vital reason for the occurrence of land subsidence in this area.

[Waheed Oyelola Balogun, M.A. Anifowose, M.A. Shogo, F.A Salaudeen. Trends And Mechanisms Of Land Subsidence Of A Coastal Plain In The Delta Of Yangtze River-China. Researcher. 2011;3(3):76-81]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.12

Keywords: Groundwater; Over-exploitation; Land deformation; Trends

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Bacteriological studies on diseased freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii infected with vibriosis

Omaima A.Abboud

 Animal Health Research Institute,Dokki, Giza, Egypt

Abstract: During the last decade many improvements have taken place in aquaculture, especially in prawn and shrimp farming. The shift from extensive to intensive and semi-intensive farming has brought about an increase in disease outbreaks, especially by bacteria. To control these diseases, antibiotics have been used indiscriminately. To avoid the use of antibiotics and the development of resistant strains of bacteria, we studied the efficacy of levamisol Hcl, as an antibacterial and immunostimulant in Macrobrachium rosenbergii (de Man). Efficacy was evaluated in vitro by minimum lethal concentration levamisol Hcl and found to be 1.0 ppm for P. fluorescens and 1.5 ppm for E. tarda, V. alginolyticus, S. aureus and A. salmonicida. The 24 hr LD50 of levamisole Hcl for two month old M. rosenbergii was 10.0 ppm. Its immunostimulant effect was evaluated by challenging levamisole Hcl treated M rosenbergii (1.5 ppm levamisole Hcl bath for 15 days) with P. fluorescens and V. alginolyticus. The NBT (nitroblue tetrazolium) assay showed that levamisole Hcl treatment stimulated nonspecific immune response by the activation of granu­lar cells. It also protected M. rosenbergii from disease when compared to untreated controls. A single treatment of levamisole Hcl was effective for P. 46 hours for V. alginolyticus. Bath treatment at 2.0 ppm for one hour showed successful control of bacterial infection in M. rosenbergii previously infected with the bacteria. The results showed that levamisol Hcl could be used as an effective antibacterial and immunostimulant in M. rosenbergii.

[Omaima A.Abboud. Bacteriological studies on diseased freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii infected with vibriosis. Researcher. 2011;3(3):82-85]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net. 

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.13

Key words: Macrobrachium rosenbergii- V. alginolyticus- levamisole Hcl- immune response- immunostimulant.

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Case Management Of Adverse Drug Reaction In Patients: Resident Doctors In Nigeria As Case Study.

^*1Iribhogbe O.I, ²Agbaje E.O.

¹Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma and ²Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos.

oignis@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: This cross sectional survey was designed to assess the quality and pattern of case management of observed adverse drug reaction by resident doctors in Nigeria. To this end, 350 structured questionnaires were distributed to resident doctors between June and September 2007, in 4 tertiary health centers in Nigeria involved in residency training programme (Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, University of Benin Teaching Hospital and Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital respectively). Result revealed that 47% of observed adverse drug reactions were managed by immediate withdrawal of the implicated drug while 12.6% were managed using alternative drugs. 231 (70.0%) of the observed cases recovered fully after the withdrawal of the implicated drugs, administration of intravenous fluids (0.9% normal saline) and intravenous corticosteroid (hydrocortisone). 40 (12.1%) of the observed cases had a fatal outcome despite appropriate interventions. Conclusively, appropriate and timely case management of observed adverse drug reaction in patients improves the clinical outcome of adverse drug reactions.

[Iribhogbe O.I, Agbaje E.O. Case Management Of Adverse Drug Reaction In Patients: Resident Doctors In Nigeria As Case Study. Researcher. 2011;3(3):86-90]. (ISSN: 1553-9865). http://www.sciencepub.net.

doi:10.7537/marsrsj030311.14

Key Words: Adverse Drug Reaction, Case Management, Clinical Outcome, Adverse Events

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