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REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN INDIA

AMIT SHARMA and Dr. RAJPAL SINGH

*Research Scholar, Department of Management, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

**Associate Professor, Department of Management, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: amitsharma1310@gmail.com

Abstract: In a current scenario the role of organisations in economy is not just the revenue generation but is also expected to integrate social, ethical and environmental aspects in their day-to-day operations. It is significant to get acquainted to the past researches done in particular field in order to recognize the opportunity and area for future research. The present study reviews the study done in a decade regarding realization, adaptation and implementation of corporate social responsibility practices in Indian organisations and its impact on their overall success in market as well as society. For this purpose, a range of research articles from numerous journals, periodicals, newspaper and internet has been studied and reviewed thoroughly at national and international level. It is found that though organisations has started taking various initiatives towards social responsibility and there is a lot of information available on CSR spending of companies, little is known about how these companies are making their CSR practices innovative and at what extent and in what areas they are contributing towards society that forms the core of their success.

[Sharma, A. and Singh, R. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN INDIA. Rep Opinion 2024;16(10):1-5]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 01. doi:10.7537/marsroj161024.01.

Keywords: Review of literature, Social resposibility, Corporate Sector, India

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STUDY ON PROBLEMS OF TRIBAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA

DACHAVEI VEMAI and Dr. AMIT KUMAR

*Research Scholar, Department of Sociology, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

**Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: vemaidachavei@gmail.com

Abstract: Taking into account the common pattern of deprivation and oppression, the two ethnic groups of scheduled tribes and scheduled castes are grouped together to identify their problems, and ameliorate their socio-economic conditions. According to the author, this approach is unacceptable, because it obscures the correct interpretation of their issues and then the measures taken for their improvement are insufficient and inaccurate. To illustrate his view, ecologically, while the tribals are isolated, the scheduled castes are exposed; demographically, the former are concentrated in some continuous geographical areas while the latter are scattered in high caste villages; economically, the former are bound to land and forest, while the latter are largely dependent on high caste villagers; culturally speaking, the former enjoy a distinct lifestyle distinguished by their distinct cultures, heritage, love of independence and reverence for self-identity, while the latter hold the lowest rank in the caste hierarchy and suffer from social impairment and lack of esteem for themselves. In view of these factors, the two classes suffer from two distinct types of diseases for a social doctor, and thus deserve specific treatment.  The central and the respective governments have made efforts to alter the fate of tribes living in different parts of India. What the Union Governments have done in the name of tribal welfare can be had from several reports like annual reports of the commissioner castes and scheduled tribes from 1950 onward, report of Classes Commission 1955, reports of the study team on social backward classes 1959, report of the committee on special tribal blocks 1960, report of the employment of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes 1964, committee on tribal economy in forest areas 1967, report team on tribal development program 1969, reports of the committee on the welfare of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes a few other reports released by the respective state government. These reports, as well as the past experience of the tribals in the nation, it becomes evident that the desired results have not been achieved, and our goal; to do good to the tribals has been suffered at three levels: (i) strategy, (ii) implementation, and (iii) recruitment training.

[Vemai, D. and Kumar, A. STUDY ON PROBLEMS OF TRIBAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA. Rep Opinion 2024;16(10):6-13]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 02. doi:10.7537/marsroj161024.02.

Key words: Tribal, Problem, Development, India

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Review on Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Abebe Mihret¹, Beyenech Gebeyehu²

¹North Gojjam ZoneLivestock and Fisheries Resource Development Nominal Office, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

²Bahir Dar University College of Agricutlure and Environmental Sciences, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

abebemihret928@gmail.com

Abstract: The resistance of certain mycobacterial tuberculosis strains to antituberculosis drugs is not a new phenomenon. It was noted when streptomycin was first used as monotherapy in the 1940s. Tuberculosis is becoming a worldwide problem due to the reoccurrence of the disease, the appearance of drug resistant strains, and the association of tuberculosis with other factors. The major objectives of the review is to indicate the mechanisms of drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, to show some of the factors that contribute for the development of antimycobacterial tuberculosis drug resistance and to highlight public health and economic impacts of antimycobacterial tuberculosis drug resistance. Drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis may be intrinsic or acquired. Intrinsic resistance has been attributed to its cell wall properties, including the presence of mycolic acids, beta-lactamase enzymes and more recently, the role of efflux mechanisms have been recognized as an important factor in the natural resistance of mycobacteria against antibiotics. Acquired drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis is caused mainly by spontaneous mutations in chromosomal genes, and the selective growth of such drug resistant mutants may be promoted during suboptimal drug therapy. The emergence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis that is mycobacterium tuberculosis strains, resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampicin is of great concern, because it requires the use of second line drugs that are difficult to procure and are much more toxic and expensive than the first line regimens. The global increase in drug resistance, particularly multidrug resistance tuberculosis, reflects at least in part, inappropriate use of antituberculosis drugs during the treatment course of patients. Additional factors such as age, HIV infection and socio-economic factors have been associated with development of drug resistant tuberculosis. Adult mortality due to age related development of antimycobacterial tuberculosis drug resistance has a significant effect on national economies. Multidrug regimens and prolonged treatment are required to reduce the development of drug resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

[Abebe Mihret, Beyenech Gebeyehu. Review on Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Rep Opinion 2024;16(10):14-22]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 03. doi:10.7537/marsroj161024.03.

Key words:Antimycobacterials; Mechanisms; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Resistance

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REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON WRITINGS OF RUSKIN BOND

*Souchivei Vemai and **Dr. Dheeraj Kumar

*Research Scholar, Department of English, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

**Professor, Department of English, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: souchiveivemai@gmail.com

Abstract: Ruskin Bond is a well-known Indian author whose works are deeply rooted in his personal experiences and observations. His stories often feature an autobiographical element, with characters and settings inspired by his own life. This study explores the autobiographical element in Bond’s writings and how it adds depth and authenticity to his works. Through an analysis of some of his famous short stories, the researchers highlight how Bond’s stories reflect his experiences of growing up in small towns in India, observing people at railway stations, spending time with local craftsmen and living in the Himalayas. The researchers also discuss how Bond’s works often explore themes of individuality, simplicity, nostalgia and the relationship between humans and nature. Overall, Bond’s autobiographical element brings a unique perspective to his works and captures the essence of human relationships and the importance of finding beauty and joy in the everyday.

[Vemai, S. and Kumar, D. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON WRITINGS OF RUSKIN BOND. Rep Opinion 2024;16(10):23-27]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 04. doi:10.7537/marsroj161024.04.

Keywords: autobiographical elements, human relationships, nature love, Ruskin Bond, India

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Barry Arm, the ongoing landslide — a study and discussion of prediction and prevention methods

Gangadhara Rao Irlapati

8. No.5-30-4/1, Saibabanagar, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad - 500 055, Telangana,  India.

Email: gangadhar19582058@gmail.com

Abstract: The continent of North America, which has a globally textual history, is home to various climate change-induced natural disasters. United States is a country of North America continent, which has a unique climate changes and natural calamities. In this, the landslide is important. The Barry Arm landslide is an ongoing landslide in the Barry Arm fjord, northeast of Whittier, Alaska. The landslide is currently sliding into the waters of the fjord. Recently discovered in 2020, scientists fear that the slope may trigger a large tsunami when it falls into the fjord. From May 2010 to September 2013, during the retreat of Barry Glacier, the landslide moved at 85 ± 9 ft (2.74 m) per year. Satellite data and imagery indicate the large part of the landslide directly above the fjord waters began sliding on August 23, 2022.  However, the recent movement is at least twice as fast and occurring over a greater area. In September 2022, movement was detected in large parts of “Core” and “Prow” as well as the entire “Kite” section. According to an interdisciplinary team of researchers in 2020, if the landslide were to fail all at once, a peak run-up of 300 m (ca. 984 ft ft) would occur.  This article examines the Barry Arm landslide and suggests how to study such disasters, suggesting ways to anticipate them. Geological hazards such as landslides can be studied by developing the Geoscope system, By developing the monsoon time scales, metrological hazards such as cyclones can be studied. Plans can be made accordingly. The study of Cosmology can explore the inextricable links between planetary movements and disasters and how the planets orbiting in space are affecting the disasters that occur on earth. So North American scientists including United States can develop the Geoscope and Monsoon Time Scale as outlined below and protect people from climate changes and natural calamities.

[Gangadhara Rao Irlapati. Review on Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. Rep Opinion 2024;16(10):28-99]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 05. doi:10.7537/marsroj161024.05.、

Keywords: Bioforecast(1965-70), A New Hypothetical Model of Cosmology (1970-77), Inquisition(1977-79), Basics of Geoscope (1980-87), Basics of Monsoon Time Scales (1987-91), Indian Monsoon Time Scale(1991), Researches on Earth and space related issues(1991-2000), Numerical Weather Periodic Tables (2000-10), Designs of Geoscope projects (2010-20), Designs of Global Monsoon Time Scales (2020-)

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