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RELATED LITERATURE IN SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF THE PUNJAB

* Tarun Saini and **Dr. Amit Kumar

¹Research Scholar, Department of Social Work, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

²Associate Professor, Department of Social Work, SunRise University, Alwar, Rajasthan (India)

Email: tarunsainibhagoria@gmail.com

Abstract: Part of the premise of this argument relies on a broader understanding of early anthropological work and research as an important variety of literary activity in the late nineteenth-century. This is not a controversial point in itself: the work of James Clifford, Ruth Benedict and Clifford Geertz was part of a wave of revisionist thinking about how anthropology constructed and understood method, evidence and the production of knowledge, ‘No longer a marginal, or occulted dimension, writing has emerged as central to what anthropologists do both in the field and thereafter’ (Clifford and Marcus, 2007: 2). The influence of this work in literary studies has primarily been in the field of travel writing where the work of Clifford and Mary Louise Pratt on the relationship between the traveller and the people/cultures they describe, especially in ‘exotic’ contexts, has become part of the critical canon. However, the anthropological debate has offered a larger epistemological challenge which has failed fully to permeate branches of literary and historical colonial scholarship, partially due to the difficulty in labelling early amateur anthropologists and ethnographers. The writers under consideration here have been of minor interest within the fields of archaeology, South Asian studies and English literary fiction. At the fringes of different spheres of expertise, the accumulation of their knowledge about Punjab has been dispersed.

[Saini, T. and Kumar, A. RELATED LITERATURE IN SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF THE PUNJAB. Rep Opinion 2024;16(1):1-4]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 01. doi:10.7537/marsroj160124.01.

Keywords: Literature,  Social structure, Punjab

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Title: Impact of Stakeholder’s Power on Corporate Social Practices Adopted by Pakistani Subsidiaries

Author 1: Anum Shahzad

Lahore College for Women University

Anumshahzad.16@gmail.com

Contact Nu: 03224277720

Author 2:

Beenish Neik Chaudhry

Assistant Professor

Lahore College for Women University

ABSTRACT: The prime objective is to explore the relation of Corporate Social Responsibilities (CSR) with different stakeholders of subsidiaries. In Pakistan, local companies are not well awaked with CSR and the only reason of this unawareness is poor institutional system, especially poor regulatory bodies. So multinational companies when establish their subsidiaries in Pakistan, they try to escape from social responsibilities. But now in Pakistan, stakeholders are getting consciousness towards their rights and hence the concept of CSR is also gaining attention. In this situation, the adoption of right CSR practices is the major challenge in front of managers. Succeeding this objective, a research question is formulated that how stakeholders may influence the CSR practices. In pursuance of this research question quantitative data is collected from 280 managers, of subsidiaries of various MNCs working in Pakistan. The hypothesis is formulated to analyze the relationship between stakeholders of the organization and CSR practices. Hypothesis is tested by collecting data via questionnaire and by using non-probabilistic, convenience sampling technique. The results confirm that stakeholders are directly related with CSR and they put strong impact on subsidiary’s CSR practices. Moreover, results of this research play significant role for managers of subsidiaries in Pakistan to adopt more appropriate CSR practices. It provokes them to consider stakeholder as a pivotal aspect of CSR and to analyze that CSR is ultimately belong to progress of company. It is inferred that, in Pakistan, stakeholders have strong influence on CSR.

[Anum Shahzad, Beenish Neik Chaudhry Impact of Stakeholder’s Power on Corporate Social Practices Adopted by Pakistani Subsidiaries. Rep Opinion 2024;16(1):5-14]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 02. doi:10.7537/marsroj160124.02.

Key words: Corporate social responsibility, Subsidiaries, MNCs, Power, Stakeholders

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A NOVEL KNEE SHAPED PATCH ANTENNA FOR  MIMO COMMUNICATIONS

Fahd baabdullah, Adnan Affandi, & Abdullah M.Dobaie

Dept., of Elect. & Comp. Eng, Faculty Of Eng, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA

fahd.baabdullah9@gmail.com

Abstract:  A compact two element MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) system is proposed using a Knee shaped patch antenna giving an impedance bandwidth of 22.85 % and resonating at a frequency of 7.1 GHz. The proposed MIMO system offers improved bandwidth, return loss and good isolation characteristics. The developed system resonating at 7.1GHz frequency for VSWR≤2 can be used for 4G & WiMAX applications. The simulation results of return loss, mutual coupling and gain are presented.

[Fahd baabdullah, Adnan Affandi, & Abdullah M.Dobaie. A NOVEL KNEE SHAPED PATCH ANTENNA FOR  MIMO COMMUNICATIONS. Rep Opinion 2024;16(1):15-19]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 03. doi:10.7537/marsroj160124.03.

Keywords: Knee shaped patch antenna, MIMO systems, impedance bandwidth, mutual coupling

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Reviewed Basics of North West African Monsoon Time Scale

Gangadhar

H.No.5-30-4/1, Saibabanagar, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, India-500055

Email:  gangadhar19582058@gmail.com

Abstract: There are many mysteries and unsolved issues in the monsoonal climate and Weather systems that cannot explain and solve. I proposed and designed the Basics of Monsoon Time Scales for all world global, regional, local monsoon systems along with countries for unraveling the mysteries of climate, weather, monsoons; studying the characteristics of mechanism of climate, weather and monsoons and exercising the benefits of mankind and development of monsoonal climate and weather sciences.  According to the researches and studies on the Monsoon Time Scales, it is known that there will be major global climate changes in the coming years "i.e"  heavy rains, floods and storms etc. will occur until about 2075 and there will be droughts and famines etc. until about 2150. Through the establishment of Monsoon Time Scales, we can know the future consequences of the climate changes. Plans can be made accordingly. So, scientists can establish the Monsoon Time Scale and predict what is going to happen in the monsoonal climate in the coming years roughly. I call on the world scientists to design and establish the Monsoon Time Scales following the Basics of Monsoon Time Scales outlined below, based on the India Monsoon Time Scale which is successfully proved out in practice. North West African monsoon is a key system in  global monsoon systems. I have conducted many scientific researches on this monsoon system  and as a part these researches, I proposed and designed the Basics of North West African Monsoon Time Scale  which can help to study the past, present and future conditions of the North West African monsoon. In the current year 2022, the pre-path of Indian summer monsoon was traveling upwards and reached to the 29th June. Below this, the main-path of Indian summer monsoon also traveled upwards parallel to the pre-path of Indian summer monsoon with a difference of about 30 days and reached to the 29th July, As it moves further up, changes in the climate are likely increasing and there are more chances of heavy rains and floods in the coming years. 

[Gangadhar. Reviewed Basics of North West African Monsoon Time Scale. Rep Opinion 2024;16(1):20-59]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 04. doi:10.7537/marsroj160124.04.

Keywords:  Global Monsoons Time Scales, North American Monsoon Time Scale, North African Monsoon Time Scale, Indian Monsoons Time Scale, East Asian Monsoon Time Scale, Western North Pacific Monsoon Time Scale, South American Monsoon Time Scale, South African Monsoon Time Scale, Australian Monsoon Time Scale, European Monsoon Time Scale

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