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Avian Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Zeinab M. S. Amin Girh¹, Nagwa S. Rabie¹ and Mona S. Zaki²

¹Department of Poultry Diseases, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.

²Hydrobiology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza Egypt.

Dr_mona_zaki@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: Avian Infectious Laryngotracheitis (AILT) is a respiratory tract disease of great importance because it causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry around the world. The target system for Avian Infectious Laryngotracheitis virus (AILTV) infections is the respiratory system, and the main organ in which the virus remains latent is the trigeminal ganglia. However, the virus has demonstrated tropism for other organs besides the respiratory tract. The main transmission routes are ocular and respiratory. Clinical signs usually appear 6-12 days after natural exposure and may be moderate or severe. The causative agent of this disease can be propagated in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of developing chicken embryos and replicate in mature chicken kidney cells, as well as in a variety of epithelial chick embryo cells, such as kidneys, liver and lungs. There are several procedures for the diagnosis of ILT such as the observation of clinical signs, the detection of gross and histopathological lesions, and the use of molecular techniques, including restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time PCR, Vaccination with different types of vaccine provides a good expectation on disease control, such as vaccines produced in chicken-embryo-origin (CEO), tissue-culture-origin (TCO), and recombinant vaccines.

[Zeinab M. S. Amin Girh, Nagwa S. Rabie and Mona S. Zak. Avian Infectious Laryngotracheitis. Rep Opinion 2019;11(2):1-7]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 1. doi:10.7537/marsroj110219.01.

Keywords: Avian; Infectious; Laryngotracheitis、

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The Study on The Relationship Between Self-Construal and Subjective Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Buddhism Generosity

Jing Ji, Tsingan Li^*, and Lu Han

Institute of Developmental Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

tsingan@126.com

Abstract: Over several past few decades, researchers have shed light on the link between individual difference in personality and subjective well-being. The present study was designed to explore this association by investigating the relationships between the self-construal (i.e., independent self-construal and interdependent self-construal), subjective well-being, and Buddhism Generosity. Notably, Buddhism Generosity is a construct derived from the Buddhist six perfections theory. It is composed of (1) the giving of material things (GMT), (2) the giving of the Dharma (GOD), and (3) the giving of fearlessness (GOF). We also examined the potential mediating role of Buddhism Generosity in the links between the self-construal and subjective well-being. Participants in the present study were 278 vocational students in China. A battery of questionnaires measuring the self-construal, Buddhism Generosity, and subjective well-being was administered to the participants. The results showed that the self-construal was positively correlated with Buddhism Generosity and subjective well-being. Results also indicated that Buddhism Generosity fully mediated the relationships between the self-construal and subjective well-being. Taken as a whole, the findings suggest that the effect of Buddhism Generosity among the teenager students in China might be associated with inadequate awareness of Buddhism Generosity. The present study reveals the possible mechanism governing the associations between the self-construal and subjective well-being and contributes to the process of bridging Buddhism and psychology.

[Ji J, Li TA, Han L. The Study on The Relationship Between Self-Construal and Subjective Well-Being: The Mediating Role of Buddhism Generosity. Rep Opinion 2019;11(2):8-15]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 2. doi:10.7537/marsroj110219.02.

Keywords: Self-construal; subjective well-being; Buddhist Generosity; mediation analysis

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Cancer and Hereditary Biology Research Literatures

Mark Herbert, PhD

39-06 Main Street, Flushing, Queens, New York 11354, USA, ma8080@gmail.com

Abstract: Cancer is the general name for a group of more than 100 diseases. Although there are many kinds of cancer, all cancers start because abnormal cells grow out of control. Untreated cancers can cause serious illness and death. The body is made up of trillions of living cells. Normal body cells grow, divide, and die in an orderly fashion. During the early years of a person’s life, normal cells divide faster to allow the person to grow. After the person becomes an adult, most cells divide only to replace worn-out or dying cells or to repair injuries. This article introduces recent research reports as references in the related studies.

[Mark H. Cancer and Hereditary Biology Research Literatures. Rep Opinion 2019;11(2):16-57]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 3. doi:10.7537/marsroj110219.03.

Key words: cancer; life; research; literature; cell

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Effect of internal mechanisms for corporate governance on internal audit quality

Soliman. Karima¹, Mohamed, Hassnaa¹, Moawad, Nasreen²

^1.Department of Accounting College of Applied Studies and Community Service Applied Studies and Community Service - Imam Abdul Rahman bin Faisal University

^2.Department of marketing, College of Applied Studies and Community Service Applied Studies and Community Service - Imam Abdul Rahman bin Faisal University

khmohamed@iau.edu.sa

Abstract: Growing interest in studying the mechanisms of governance and how to activate it after the financial crises and collapses of major international companies were the need to develop and implement mechanisms that are binding on all enterprises in order to maintain The rights of all stakeholders and to achieve effective oversight and accountability through integration and interaction between these mechanisms, the study aims to measure the effect of applying the internal mechanisms of corporate governance (Board of Directors Audit Committee) on internal audit and quality measured m in 3 dimensions (objectivity-professionalism-the nature of internal audit work) in the Saudi commercial banks and included Sample 3 commercial banks (the largest three commercial banks in Saudi Arabia in terms of assets), the survey was also distributed lists of employees of the internal audit department in the three banks to measure the variable The study's results, to confirm the existence of moral effect variable properties of Board and Audit Committee on audit quality, therefore the study recommended activating mechanisms of environmental governance, Saudi Arabia And to increase the independence of the internal audit Department of commercial banks in Saudi Arabia.

[Soliman. Karima, Mohamed, Hassnaa, Moawad, Nasreen. Effect of internal mechanisms for corporate governance on internal audit quality. Rep Opinion 2019;11(2):58-64]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 4. doi:10.7537/marsroj110219.04.

Keywords: Internal audit, Audit Committee, Board of Directors, corporate governance, commercial banks.

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 Application of Survival Analysis Techniques to Study Infant Mortality in Nigeria

¹ Bello, A. H. and ² Folorunsho, A. I.

¹ Department of Statistics, School of Sciences, Federal university of Technology, P.M.B. 704, Akure. Ondo-State. Nigeria.

² Department of Mathematics/Statistics, Faculty of Science, Osun State Polytechnic, P.M.B. 301, Iree. Osun State. Nigeria

e-mail: habello@futa.edu.ng.

Abstract: Infant mortality rates are one of the health indicators in a given community or country. The study is to find out factors that is strongly associated to these high rates of infant mortality rates in Nigeria. The data was collected from the Nigeria Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) of which 6212 women of reproductive ages were selected for the study. Survival analysis techniques; such as Life table, Kaplan-Meier, and cox proportional hazard model were statistical tools used in analyzing time to event data. Results from Hazard curve rate shows that infant are most liable to die at age 7months and 9months and are least risked to death at ages 1month and 10months. The Kaplan-Meier survival plots indicate that female sex, rich families and higher education has higher chances of infant survival than otherwise. The Cox-proportional hazard approach showed that Infants born to mother with secondary and higher education has a low Hazard ratio (exp β) 0.944 and 0.650 compared with those born to mother with low education having an hazard ratio of 1.164. The study also affirmed that socio-economic and biological factors are strongly associated with high infant mortality rates.

[Bello, A. H. and Folorunsho, A. I. Application of Survival Analysis Techniques to Study Infant Mortality in Nigeria. Rep Opinion 2019;11(2):65-73]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 5. doi:10.7537/marsroj110219.05.

Keywords: Infant mortality, Survival Analysis, Life table, Kaplan-Meier, Cox-Proportional hazard and NDHS

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Analysis of The Economic Benefit of Bee Keeping Among Rubber Farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria: A Strategy for Poverty Alleviation

Umar Haliru Yaduma and Balagun, F. E.

Research Outreach Department, Rubber Research Institute of Nigeria,

PMB 1049, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

 haliru.umar@gmail.com

Abstract: The study analysed the economic benefits of beekeeping among some rubber farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria. Beekeeping otherwise called apiculture requires little for its investment, mainly construction of hives and protecting the hives from fire through fire tracing. The honey produced by the bees is very important for human use, both as food and medicinal purposes. This is in addition to the effective role the bees themselves play in crops pollination during their search for nectar. The study was a pilot study aimed to introduce and educate the rubber farmers on the modern method of apiculture in order to optimise their economic benefits from the rubber farming. Data were collected through the use of questionnaire from ten randomly selected rubber farmers in four villages from two Local Government Areas of the state. Farm location, number of beehives installed, honey produce (litters) per annum and the revenue generated from sales of the honey, age of respondents, educational level and household size were the data collected for the study. Both descriptive and inferential statistical tools were used to analyse the data. The results of the analysis revealed that a total of 899.83 litters of honey was produced and generated total revenue of 2,208,921.00 annually by the respondents. Gini-Cofficient was used to examine the revenue distribution among the respondents and result indicated a high level of inequality (GC = 0.374). The R² of the regression result was 0.992, implying 99.2% of the variation in the dependent variable (Revenue) was jointly explained by the independent variables used in the model. The coefficients for age (experience), level of education and quantity of honey produced were positive and significant at 1% level of probability; while household size and farm location had negative coefficients and not significant. Thus the business of apiculture in the study area was economical.

[Umar Haliru Yaduma and Balagun, F. E. Analysis of The Economic Benefit of Bee Keeping Among Rubber Farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria: A Strategy for Poverty Alleviation. Rep Opinion 2019;11(2):74-79]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 6. doi:10.7537/marsroj110219.06.

Keywords: Honeybee, economic benefits, gini-cofficient, rubber farmers

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Industry-wise average dividend paid (Rs. Crore) in the corporate sector of selected companies in Baddi, Himachal Pradesh (India)

Naina Vohra

Research Scholar, Department of Commerce, OPJS University, Churoo-136119, Rajasthan (India)

e-mail： nainasharma6902@gmail.com

Abstract: Thus the above all tends to confirm that in case of all industries the average PAT has shown increasing trend in the early 2001s due to increase in total demand in the country but in the mid and late 2001s some industries have shown declining trends in PAT due to increase in the competition. But in all most all companies gets momentum in the 2012 due to subsequent pick up in the economy after the age of competition. Despite the high level of variability in earnings of all industries, the average dividend paid has shown increasing trend. The amount of dividend paid was found very low in early 2001s, which was due to need of funds for internal investments in the early phase of economic reforms in Indian economy. The variability in average dividend paid was less in comparison to the same in the earnings, which indicated the management’s desire of stable dividend policy. The amount of dividend payment in textile industry was found lowest among all industries under study. The result ANOVA (F) indicates the significant variations in the amount of average dividend paid among different industries.

[Naina Vohra. Industry-wise average dividend paid (Rs. Crore) in the corporate sector of selected companies in Baddi, Himachal Pradesh (India). Rep Opinion 2019;11(2):80-83]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 7. doi:10.7537/marsroj110219.07.

Keywords: Divide Paid, Corporate Sector, Company, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh

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Correlation between impulsiveness and suicidal ideation among youth

Deepak

Research Scholar, Department of Psychology, OPJS University, Churoo-136119, Rajasthan (India)

e-mail-deepakbangrwa@gmail.com

Abstract: The probability of F-to- enter is a test of additional predictive value of a variable taking into account for other variables already entered. Table 6 shows the results of stepwise regression analysis for the dependent measure suicidal ideation in the sample of youth. The cohesion and verbal aggression jointly accounts for 10% of the variance (R²=.10) in suicidal ideation faced by the youth. Results indicated that two significant predicators of suicidal ideation are cohesion and hopelessness. The cohesion being most pertinent predicator of suicide ideation, it entered in the equation at step one. The R for this variable equal to.25 and R²=.06. F entering being, 14. 96, it is significant at.001 probability level. It indicates that family environment is very strong predicator of suicidal ideation among youth. The physical aggression is a measure of Aggression to be another potent predicator which was entered at step two, multiple R increased to.32 (R²=.10) with the entry of physical aggression in the equation after cohesion. The F ratio computed for the significance of multiple R, at step two, equal to 12.37, which is significant at a probability less than.001. Hence it indicates that the physical aggression is also a strong predicator of suicidal ideation.

[Deepak. Correlation between impulsiveness and suicidal ideation among youth. Rep Opinion 2019;11(2):84-86]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 8. doi:10.7537/marsroj110219.08.

Keywords: Family Factor, Youth, Suicidal, Youth, Haryana.

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Preliminary Studies on Geographical Distribution of Flora in Saraswati Plantation Wildlife Sanctuary in district Kurukshetra, Haryana (India)

Mr. Jai Singh

Research Scholar, Department of Geography, OPJS University, Churoo-136119, Rajasthan (India)

e-mail: jaibana1990@gmail.com

Abstract: During the present studies 22 species of trees, namely, Acasia nilotica, A. Leucopholia, Albizza lebbek, Azadirachata indica, Bauhinia variegate, Butea monosperma, Cordea dichtoma, Crataeva nurvala, Dalbergia sissoo, Eukalyptus hybrid, Ficus bengalensis, Ficus glomerata, Focus religiosa, Ficus rumphi, Morus alba, Parkinsonia aculeate, Prosopis cineraria, Prosopis juliflora, Salvadora oleoides, Tamarise aphylla, Syzygium cumera and Zizyphus mauritiana; 14 species of herbs and shrubs, namely, Adhatoda vasica, Argemone maxicana, Brassica campestris, Capparis sepiaria, Capparis desidua, Carissa opaca, Calotropis procera, Chenopodium album, Kochia indica, Solanum nigrum, Trifolium alexandarium, Triticum aestivum, Oryza sativa and Zizyphus mauritiana and 9 species of grasses, climber and sedges namely, Cuscuta reflexa, Desmostachya bipinnata, Cyprus rotundus, Cenchrus ciliaris, Dichanthium annuattum, Sporobolus marginatus, Saccharum spontaneum, Typha elephantia and Vetiveria zizanoides were identified in the Saraswati forest were observed.

[Jai Singh. Preliminary Studies on Geographical Distribution of Flora in Saraswati Plantation Wildlife Sanctuary in district Kurukshetra, Haryana (India). Rep Opinion 2019;11(2):87-91]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 9. doi:10.7537/marsroj110219.09.

Keywords: Flora, tress, herbs, shrubs, climbers, SPWS, Haryana

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