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Weibull-Halfnormal Mixture Distribution and Its Properties

¹Akomolafe. A.A, ²marad, A. And ³oladuti, O.M

Department of Statistics, Federal university of Technology, Akure

¹akomolafe01@yahoo.com,² maradprime1@gmail.com and ³omoladuti@futa.edu.ng

Abstract: This research study the generalization of Weibull and Half Normal Distribution (WHND) called Weibull Half Normal Distribution (WHND) through its distribution function and mathematical derivation of its moment, reliability, cumulative distribution function, and hazard rate function, probability density function. The distribution was found to generalize some known distributions thereby providing a great flexibility in modeling heavy tailed, skewed and bimodal distributions.

[Akomolafe. A.A,  marad, A. And  oladuti, O.M. Weibull-Halfnormal Mixture Distribution and Its Properties. Rep Opinion 2018;10(9):1-7]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 1. doi:10.7537/marsroj100918.01.

Keywords: Weibull-Halfnormal Distribution (WHND), Moment generating function, Hazard Function, Reliability, Hazard Function

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The Effect of Teaching techniques of distraction on the willingness of drug use (craving) and self-efficacy in women addicted to drugs and stimulants

Najmeh Khavaninzadeh, Department of Clinical Psychology, Yazd branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd. Iran.

Fahimeh Dehghani (corresponding Author), Department of Clinical Psychology, Yazd branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd. Iran.

Mohsen Saeed Manesh, Department of Clinical Psychology, Yazd branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd. Iran.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of distraction techniques on self-efficacy and willingness to use drugs (craving) in women addicted to drugs and substance. The statistical population of the study is all women undergoing conservative treatment that referred to center for addiction treatment of doctor Jafari in the six months of 2015-2014 that after informing and obtaining consent from individuals to engage in research, 30 people were randomly selected among them and were in two groups of 15 participants for testing and controlling. Then, in 8 weekly group sessions of 45 minutes, the experimental group participated in the treatment group with the aim to teach distraction techniques. The instrument used in this study was a 17-item questionnaire of Scherrer and 14-item questionnaire of Haynes and colleagues at the pre-test and post-test. The main findings there is a significant difference between the mean scores of self-efficacy posttest in the experimental group (p <0/001) but obtained from covariance showed no significant difference between the mean scores of craving posttest in the experimental group.

[Najmeh Khavaninzadeh, Department of Clinical Psychology, Yazd branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd. Iran. The Effect of Teaching techniques of distraction on the willingness of drug use (craving) and self-efficacy in women addicted to drugs and stimulants. Rep Opinion 2018;10(9):8-12]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 2. doi:10.7537/marsroj100918.02.

Key words: distraction techniques, craving, addiction, self-efficacy

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Study on Sero- prevalence and Risk factor of Peste des Petitis ruminant disease in Small Ruminant at Metekel zone of selected District in Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia

Gebrehiwot Woldemichael, *Asmamaw Aki and Kebede Gurmessa

Assosa Regional Veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O. Box 326, Assosa, Ethiopia; asmamawaki@gmail.com, mareg2416@gmail.com.

Abstract: Across–sectional study was conducted from October to November 2017 in Mandura, Dangur and Debate districts of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State to determine the sero- prevalence of Pest des Petites Ruminants and associated risk factor in sheep and goat. A total of 452 serum samples were collected from 10 peasant association and the sera were tested for the presence of antibodies against PPR using competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. The overall sero-prevalence of PPR was found to be 73.45% (332/452). The sero prevalence of the disease in the different study district was 72.08% (142/197), 73.28% (90/131), and 75.80% (94/124) in Mandura, Dangur and Debate respectively. There is no statistical significant difference in the different districts (χ2=1.27, p>0.05). At the same time the sero prevalence in <1year, 1-2 year and >3year age categories were 75.40% (92/122), 74.78% (175/234) and 67.70% (65/96) respectively, which is not statistical significant (p>0.05). Similarly; there is no statistical significant difference between male and female shoats (p>0.05), that is 67.14% (47/70) in male and 74.60% (285/382) in female. However, among species, body condition and vaccination status, was significant difference (p<0.05). The higher sero prevalence of PPR indicated a remarkable contagious nature of the disease. In conclusion, this study reveal a higher sero prevalence and subsequent endemic establishment of PPR in small ruminant in the selected area. Therefore, strict measures should be implemented for feasible prevention of the disease.

[Gebrehiwot Woldemichael, Asmamaw Aki and Kebede Gurmessa. Study on Sero- prevalence and Risk factor of Peste des Petitis ruminant disease in Small Ruminant at Metekel zone of selected District in Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia. Rep Opinion 2018;10(9):13-22]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 3. doi:10.7537/marsroj100918.03.

Key words: c-ELISA, PPR, risk factor, sero-prevalence, small ruminant

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Survey For The Determination Of Prevalence Of Piroplasmosis In Working Donkeys Of Central Ethiopia

Degu Tesfie¹, Habtamu Tamrat², Zeru Assefa³

¹Dangila Woreda Livestock and Resource Office, Dangila Veterinary Clinic, Gojjam, Ethiopia

²Assistant professor at Bahir Dar University, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, School of Animal production and Veterinary Medicine, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box. 5501. Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.

³ Instructor at Bahir Dar poly Technique College, Bahir Dar poly Technique College, P.O. Box. 1541. Bahir Dar, Ethiopia

habtamut1978@gmail.com

Abstract፡ The current cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2009 to April 2010 to determine the prevalence of piroplasmosis in working donkeys in three districts of East shoa namely, Boset Ada and Dugada Bora Administrative Zone of Oromia Region. Investigation for the presence of piroplasmosis for this study was conducted in three districts of central Ethiopia where occurrence of piroplasmosis is previously not reported. A total sample of 400 (male = 181 and female =219) donkeys with different sexes, ages and body conditions scores were investigated for the presence or absence of piroplasma by screening the using thin blood smears and staining them with Diff Quick stain for the detection of piroplasma out of the 400 blood samples examined qualitatively, a total donkeys 78 (19.5%) were relatively found to be positive for piroplasmosis. Among these T. equi has been found with relatively a higher prevalence of 18.25% (73) B. caballi 4.25% (17), total infection rate of 22.5% (90) and mixed infections 3.0%(12) were positive. From this result, there were no significant difference (p>0.05) in the prevalence of piroplasmosis between sexes and body conditions. On the other hand, there were significant differences (p<0.05) in the prevalence of piroplasmosis between age and study districts. The result of this study showed that piroplasmosis was a common health problem of working donkeys in the study districts. Among the two species of piroplasma (T. equi and B caballi), T. equi is more prevalent and might cause severe health and welfare problems of working donkeys in the study districts. Accordingly, due emphasis should be given particularly in prevention and control of this disease.

[Tesfie D, Tamrat H, Assefa Z. Survey for the Determination of Prevalence of Piroplasmosis in Working Donkeys of Central Ethiopia. Rep Opinion 2018;10(9):23-29]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 4. doi:10.7537/marsroj100918.04.

Key words: Central Ethiopia, Diff Quick staining, working donkeys, Piroplasmosis Prevalence, Qualitative.

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Application of Censored Regression Model to Factors Responsible for Extra-Marital Affairs

Bello, A. H¹. and Alabi, O.O.²

¹Department of Statistics, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure. Ondo –State. Nigeria.

²Department of Statistics, School of Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Akure. Ondo –State. Nigeria.

E-Mail: habello@futa.edu.ng

Abstract: The study is on the application of censored regression analysis to the factors responsible for extramarital affairs among married staff in the school of sciences and school of agriculture of Federal University of Technology Akure (FUTA). Questionnaire design technique was used to collect relevant data from the respondents. The methodology employed was censored regression to fit the model and Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLE) was used to obtain the parameters of the estimate. The results from the study revealed that age in marriage, gender response and religion are the main factors that determine extramarital affairs. They are statistically significant with p-value < 0.05. Other factors such as age, education qualification and number of years married are not significant as they contribute less to extra marital affairs. The fitted model is Marital Affairs = 10.69902 – 0.521391 (Education) + 0.540626 (Religion) + 0.927884 (Rating) + 2.188614 (Gender) 0.028957(Age) 0.038507(Year Married). The computed R squared (R²) value of 65% indicate that the model is moderately fit.

[Bello, A. H. and Alabi, O.O. Application of Censored Regression Model to Factors Responsible for Extra-Marital Affairs. Rep Opinion 2018;10(9):30-36]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 5. doi:10.7537/marsroj100918.05.

Keywords: Censored Regression, chi –square, Maximum Likelihood Estimator and R²

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Effect of Educational and Extension Programs in Improvement of Raw Milk Quality with CIPP Evaluation Model in Iran

Keshavarz Fathollah Shal

Mirza Kouchek Khan Applied Agricultural Training College, Rasht, Iran

f_keshavarzshal@yahoo.com

Abstract: Today, quality of products is one of the most important goals for producers’ that are looking at long-term strategic goals to the market, seeking to improve their position among other competitors. Amongst 450 trainees who took part in Gilan province Hygiene milk courses, Hundred twenty person where selected as research statistical sample based on multi stage bunch sampling. Test tools are researcher made questionnaire that their apparent validity was controlled by consultation of Gilan province agricultural experts. This evaluation was performed by pasteurized milk plant’ cooperation after reduction of microbial load of milk in small town arrangement.

[Keshavarz, SH. Effect of Educational and Extension Programs in Improvement of Raw Milk Quality with CIPP Evaluation Model in Iran. Rep Opinion 2018;10(9):37-40]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 6. doi:10.7537/marsroj100918.06.

Keywords: Extension courses, Improvement of milk quality, Evaluation, CIPP pattern

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A review on Sensor Grid frameworks and an approach to the large-scale sensor grid based on knowledge grid

Sedighe Bakhtiari ¹, Mehdi N. Fesharaki ¹, Ahmad Khadem-zadeh ²

¹ Department of Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

² Iran Telecommunication Research Center (ITRC), Tehran, Iran

s_bakhtiyari@azad.ac.ir

Abstract: Integration and combination of grid computing and sensor networks together under the name of sensor grid is just like adding ear and eye to grid computing so that adding sensor network to grid increases communication network’s ability and efficiency. Combination of these two technologies leads to collecting needed data in command and control critical conditions in order to make immediate decisions and making more accurate and thorough computing. Recent advancements in navigation protocols, optimizing energy consumption algorithms, data fusion and WSN networks security, have made this network able to answer various applications. As the future generation of network infrastructures, Grid computing is the most important technology to connect networks together using standard methods. Grid computing has been addressed as an approach based on standards to a coordinate sharing of various and distributed resources in order to solve large-scale problems, in virtual dynamic organizations. In this paper, the explanation of presented frameworks which are applied for integration of sensor networks and grid computing is studied and also necessity of utilizing knowledge grid in presenting large-scale sensor grid framework will be noticed.

[Bakhtiari S, N.fesharaki M, Khadem-zadeh A. A review on Sensor Grid frameworks and an approach to the large-scale sensor grid based on knowledge grid. Rep Opinion 2018;10(9):41-51]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 7. doi:10.7537/marsroj100918.07.

Key words: WSN, Sensor Grid, Grid Computing, Knowledge Grid.

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The Historical Geography of the Kurds in the First Islamic Centuries

Ismaeel Asadi ¹, Dr. Hossein Moftakhari ²

^1. Ph.D Student, Department of History, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Teheran, Iran

^2. Faculty Member of Tarbiat Moalem University, Iran

bahram800@yahoo.com

Abstract: With respect to the Kurds’ origin and pedigree there are a variety of ideas. Some maintain that Kurds are the remainders of some old ethnic groups that settled in Iran before the coming of Aryans to the west of Iran and still there are others who believe that the Kurds are among the subgroups of Aryans and relate them to the Medes. A third view is that the Kurds are a mixture of Medes and the old ethnic groups settled in the western Iran and northern Mesopotamia. As for the term ‘Kurd’, some historians consider it as name that was applied for the tent-dweller ethnic groups. Such ideas could not be true since in those first centuries there were major cities and civil centers that Muslim historians and geographers maintain that their dwellers were Kurd and thus this theory (the Kurds means tent-dwellers) is overruled. Thus for an exact specification of Kurds’ places of residence in this era, the concept of ‘Kurd’ will first be discussed in this article and then the Kurd-dwelling cities in the first Islamic centuries will be studied.

[Ismaeel Asadi, Hossein Moftakhari. The Historical Geography of the Kurds in the First Islamic Centuries. Rep Opinion 2018;10(9):52-60]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 8. doi:10.7537/marsroj100918.08.

Keywords: Kurds; Jebal; Jazireh; Historical Geography

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The Investigation of relationship between Stock Risk and Free Float Shares in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE)

Mehdi Rahmani¹, Mehran Rahmani²

^1: Department of Accounting, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran

^2: Department of Accounitg, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran

rahmanimehdi14@yahoo.com

Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between stock risk and the free float of listed companies in TSE from September of 2006 to July 2008 for the 129 companies in the Stock Exchange of Tehran. To calculate of the stock risk, the standard deviation of the risk of share capital (the positive square root of the variance of equity return) was used. So using a regression model we saw that free float have significant negative effect on stock risk, in other words, stock risk is decreasing when free float increased. The adjustment Coefficient of determination is equal to 0.80 and indicates that 80 percent of the variability is explained by the independent variables. Also Dorbin - Watson statistics are estimated in models and confirm the fact that there is no autocorrelation in the research model. Finally the validity of the model was verified using CUSUM and CUSUMSQ graphical tests.

[Mehdi Rahmani, Mehran Rahmani. The Investigation of relationship between Stock Risk and Free Float Shares in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE). Rep Opinion 2018;10(9):61-65]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 9. doi:10.7537/marsroj100918.09.

Keywords: Stock Risk, Free Float, Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE), graphical test, Coefficient of determination

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A Study On The Algeria Weather Conditions And Natural Calamities

Algeria Monsoon Time Scale, Algeria National Geoscope Project

Algeria Weather Time Scale

Bioforecast & Irlapatism-A New Hypothetical Model Of Cosmology

Gangadhara Rao Irlapati

H.No.5-30-4/1, Saibabanagar, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad - 500 055, Telangana, India.

Email: scientistgangadhar@gmail.com

Abstract: In the summer months, temperature’s in deserts regions of Algeria can hit 50⁰ C. But nights in the sahara are often cold in winter, temperatures can dip below freezing. The north of Algeria is cooler, enjoying a Mediterranean –style climate.

Droughts and increasing desertification, where the desert is encroaching into semi-drip grass lands, have forced some herders to abandon their traditional farming – livelihoods and look for work in the cities.

Algeria subject to severe earth quakes, mudslides and floods in rainy seasons.

In Algeria coastal area have a mild climate which means hot in the summer and cool and rainy in the winter. In the highlands summer are hot and dry winter rains in the highlands begin in October. There are four main seasons fall, winter, spring and summer in the Algeria.

Keeping in view of all above geographical facts of the country, I have conducted many comprehensive studies on the Algeria weather conditions and natural calamities combined with my researches and proposed the Algeria Monsoon Time Scale, Algeria Weather Time scale and Algeria National Geoscope Project along with the other scientific results Bioforecast effect, Irlapatism-A New Hypothetical Model of Cosmology etc which can help to estimate the impending weather conditions and natural hazards of the country in advance to take mitigative measures and save the people, crops and other assets. For example.

By setting up the Algeria National Geoscope project and maintain, the country can be predicted the impending earthquakes (or storm surges, tsunamies, volcanic hazards etc geological hazards also) in advance. Earth’s underground mineral and water resources can still be found. Geoscope is also useful in emerging industries such as geothermal and geo-sequestration etc.

By establishing the Algeria Monsoon Time Scale and maintain, the country can be estimated the impending weather conditions and natural calamities rains, floods, landslides, avalanches, blizzard and droughts, extreme winter conditions, heavy rainfall, mudflows, extreme weather, cyclones, cloud burst, sand storms, hails and winds etc in advance. Surface water resources can stil be found.

[Gangadhara Rao Irlapati. A Study On The Algeria Weather Conditions And Natural Calamities Algeria Monsoon Time Scale, Algeria National Geoscope Project Algeria Weather Time Scale, Bioforecast & Irlapatism-A New Hypothetical Model Of Cosmology. Rep Opinion 2018;10(9):66-94]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 10. doi:10.7537/marsroj100918.10.

Key Words: Algeria Weather Time Scale, Algeria Monsoon Time Scale, Algeria National Geoscope Project, IRLAPATISM-A New Hypothetical Model of Cosmology, Bioforecast, Local Geoscope Centres, Regional Geoscope centres, Central Geoscope Centres

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