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Feeding Methionine on Broiler Chickens’ Biological Functions: Review

Hani H. Albaadani, Mutassim M. Abdelrahman^*

Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.

^*E-mail: mutassimm@yahoo.com

Abstract: Methionine is the first limiting amino acid in all poultry corn-soybean based diets, which plays many important metabolic functions in broilers such as protein synthesis, the production of other sulfur AAs and protect cells against oxidative stress. Methionine sources (DL- methionine, DL-2-hydroxy-4- butanoic acid and Betaine) has a main role the performance of growth, feed conversion ratio, breast meat, immune and detoxification functions. Contrast, the lack of methionine in the body results in reduced synthesis of protein, alters the mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway and affected by the oxidative status of the cell. There is a difference in the requirements of broilers for the methionine by strain and age.

[Hani H. Albaadani, Mutassim M. Abdelrahman. Feeding Methionine on Broiler Chickens’ Biological Functions: Review. Rep Opinion 2018;10(8):1-10]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 1. doi:10.7537/marsroj100818.01.

Keywords: Methionine, Performance, Oxidative Status, Immune Function, Broiler Chickens

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An Inventory Of Edible Wild Fruits Consumed In Edo And Delta States Of Nigeria

B.O. Obadoni¹, N.M. Ebinum², J.A. Alanana³, H.A. Erhrenhi⁴ and A. Ogochukwu⁵

^{1, 2, 5:} Department of Botany, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Edo State.

³ Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Nasrawa State University Keffi, Nasarawa State

⁴ Department of Botany, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State.

donisbern@gmail.com

Abstract: In Edo and Delta States of Nigeria, many edible wild fruits are available in the bushes. Many of them are threatened due to urbanisation hence, this documentation for unborn generations. Trips were made to Ekpoma, Iruekpen, Otuo, Ewu, Uromi, Ubiaja, Auchi and Benin City markets in Edo State to obtain first-hand information on the wild edible fruits sold and consumed by the natives in those communities. Also, markets in Ogume, Utagba Ogbe, Utagba Uno, Obiaruku, Abbi, Orerokpe, Warri, Sapele, Asaba and Agbor in Delta State were sampled to know the wild edible fruits sold in those markets. In both states, the trips were made in dry and wet seasons as the fruits were not available throughout the year. Besides sampling the markets in towns and cities, the assistance of three male farmers in the villages, towns and outskirts of the cities were solicited in identifying edible wild fruits in their localities. We paid them for their services. The fruits were consumed in our presence by the natives and the authors equally ate the fruits to confirm they were edible and harmless. In all, twenty nine edible wild fruits belonging to twenty-three families were documented. Time of the year in which the fruits were available, their habits and indigenous names in Bini, Esan and Ukwuani languages were documented for posterity.

[B.O. Obadoni, N.M. Ebinum, J.A. Alanana, H.A. Erhrenhi and A. Ogochukwu. An Inventory Of Edible Wild Fruits Consumed In Edo And Delta States Of Nigeria. Rep Opinion 2018;10(8):11-14]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 2. doi:10.7537/marsroj100818.02.

Keywords: Inventory, edible wild fruits, Edo / Delta States.

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Cluster Analysis And Association Between Simple Sequence Repeat Markers With Qualitative Trait In Some Nigerian Achishuru Cowpea Landraces

Amos Cyrus^*1, Yusuf Mansir¹, U.S. Abdullahi¹, Mohammed F. Ishiyaku²

Department of Plant Science Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. Nigeria¹

Institute of Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria²

amoscyruskin@gmail.com, +234-07031114820

Abstract: Assessment of the genetic diversity in Achishuru cowpea landrace is critical to the development of new and improved cultivars with desirable agronomic traits; most studies on cowpea in Nigeria are restricted to the mainstream cowpea germplasm with little attention to Achishuru type despite its age-long importance in the survival of over one million people of the mid central Nigeria. A total of 20 Achishuru cowpea landraces were collected with the aim of assessing genetic diversity of the landraces through qualitative and quantitative characterization and also to determine the association between the qualitative trait and any of the markers. Morphological data was taken in a completely randomized block design. Landraces were characterized based on 10 quantitative and 13 qualitative traits. Cluster analysis shows that group I consist of 10 landraces with similar earliness to maturity, cluster II consist of 6 landraces with similar days to grain filling, clusters III and IV consist of 2 landraces each. For the qualitative traits, cluster I consist of 7 landraces whose members had glabrescent hairs, pronounced twinning tendency and indeterminate in growth. The 6 simple sequence repeat markers were used to amplify the SSR regions of the DNA samples through the Polymerase Chain Reaction. The number of alleles per SSR primer varies between 3 to 6 with a mean of 4.30. The allele frequency ranged from 0.75 to 0.32 with a mean of 0.53. The highest polymorphic information content value was 0.55 for the primer VM31 and the lowest was for the primer VM68 with a mean value of 0.39. No SSR marker was suspected to be associated with any qualitative trait except for twinning tendency with VM39 (P<0.05).

[Amos Cyrus, Yusuf Mansir, U.S. Abdullahi, Mohammed F. Ishiyaku. Cluster Analysis And Association Between Simple Sequence Repeat Markers With Qualitative Trait In Some Nigerian Achishuru Cowpea Landraces. Rep Opinion 2018;10(8):15-21]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 3. doi:10.7537/marsroj100818.03.

Keyword: simple sequence repeat; achishuru; association; PCR; landraces

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The effect of different levels of Matricaria chamomilla on functional status of liver in rats injected with carbon tetrachloride (Ccl4).

Dr. Magbolah Salem Helal Alzahrani

Associate Prof. of Animal Physiology Dept of Biology., Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University

mdoc991@hotmail.com

Abstract: Background: The word chamomile actually refers to a range of different daisy-like plants, which are a member of the Asteraceae family. There are many different species of chamomile, the two most commonly being German chamomile (Marticaria chamomilla) and Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile). They have been used since Ancient times for their calming and anti-inflammatory properties, and each offer their own additional health benefits. The plant's healing properties come from its daisy-like flowers, which contain volatile oils (including bisabolol, bisabolol oxides A and B, and matricin) as well as flavonoids (particularly a compound called apigenin) and other therapeutic substances. OBJECTIVE: This investigation aims to study the possible therapy of different levels of Matricaria chamomilla on functional status of liver in rats injected with carbon tetrachloride (Ccl4). DESIGN: Thirty-six male albino rats were treated subcutaneous injection of carbon tetrachloride (Ccl₄) in paraffin oil 50% V/V (2ml / kg b. wt.) twice a week for two weeks to induce chronic damage of the liver. After the injection of Ccl₄, blood samples were obtained by retro orbital method to ensure occurrence of liver injury and to estimate liver function. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using computerized SPSS RESULTS: Rats given Ccl4 and fed on 5% Matricaria chamomilla showed the highest significant increase in the mentioned relative organ weight as compared to all levels of treatment. Rats given Ccl4 then fed on a combination of all levels of treatment showed the highest decrease of AST, ALT and ALP enzyme levels in the serum. The decrease in serum AST, ALT and ALP enzyme levels. rats given Ccl4 prior to feeding on all levels of treatments revealed the highest decrease in serum lipoprotein HDL, LDL, VLDL fraction levels.

[Magbolah Salem Helal Alzahrani. The effect of different levels of Matricaria chamomilla on functional status of liver in rats injected with carbon tetrachloride (Ccl4). Rep Opinion 2018;10(8):22-31]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 4. doi:10.7537/marsroj100818.04.

Keywords: Matricaria chamomilla, Liver diseases, Therapeutic Uses of Matricaria chamomilla

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Synthesis & Characterization of Bimetallic Nano Particles by Using PVP for Magnetic Storage Device

Jyotsna Chauhan*, Varsha R Mehto, sumit tiwari

Department of Nanotechnology, Rajiv Gandhi Technical University, Bhopal, M.P, India

Email id - jyotsnachauhan2006@gmail.com

Abstract: This work deal with the development of synthesis and characterization of bimetallic Nano particles by using (PVP) for magnetic storage device by mean of microwave irradiation method. with physical properties for a wide range of device applications. Ethanol Glycol as the solvent ammonia as a reducing agent Polyvinyl Pirrolidone (PVP) as a polymer. In this report, we have described NANO PARTICLES and its types. There are different types of synthesis methods specially microwave irradiation method. We have described their characterization techniques like EDX, TEM, and UV and also describe Magnetic Storage Device. We have tried to give proposed work for their application in Magnetic Storage device.

[Jyotsna Chauhan, Varsha R Mehto, sumit tiwari. Synthesis & Characterization of Bimetallic Nano Particles by Using PVP for Magnetic Storage Device. Rep Opinion 2018;10(8):32-47]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 5. doi:10.7537/marsroj100818.05.

Keywords: Synthesis; Characterization; Bimetallic; Nano Particle; Magnetic Storage Device

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Atomic Cosmogony Oval Diagram Illustration Sub-atom, Atom

Sun Chunwu

Address: Room 805, Building 20, Shuxiu Garden, Xihu Town, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Abstract: According to French scientist Laplace, we must regard the current state of the universe as the result of its previous state and the causation of later development; if there is a wisdom to comprehend the location of each entity, and even to analyze these things, it can outlines the movement of cosmic inventory with a single formula, from maximal celestial body to minimal atom, so that the future can be clearly presented just as the past.

[Sun Chunwu. Atomic Cosmogony Oval Diagram Illustration Sub-atom, Atom. Rep Opinion 2018;10(8):48-55]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 6. doi:10.7537/marsroj100818.06.

Keywords: Oval Diagram and Formulas; Diffuse Gases, Centripetal Force, Micromolecule, Sub-atom, Atom, Red Giant Star; Internal Movement Description of Red Giant Star and Atom

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Study on Sero- prevalence and Risk factor of Peste des Petitis ruminant disease in Small Ruminant at Metekel zone of selected District in Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia

Gebrehiwot Woldemichael, *Asmamaw Aki and Kebede Gurmessa

Assosa Regional Veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O. Box 326, Assosa, Ethiopia; asmamawaki@gmail.com, mareg2416@gmail.com.

Abstract: Across–sectional study was conducted from October to November 2017 in Mandura, Dangur and Debate districts of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State to determine the sero- prevalence of Pest des Petites Ruminants and associated risk factor in sheep and goat. A total of 452 serum samples were collected from 10 peasant association and the sera were tested for the presence of antibodies against PPR using competitive Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay. The overall sero-prevalence of PPR was found to be 73.45% (332/452). The sero prevalence of the disease in the different study district was 72.08% (142/197), 73.28% (90/131), and 75.80% (94/124) in Mandura, Dangur and Debate respectively. There is no statistical significant difference in the different districts (χ2=1.27, p>0.05). At the same time the sero prevalence in <1year, 1-2 year and >3year age categories were 75.40% (92/122), 74.78% (175/234) and 67.70% (65/96) respectively, which is not statistical significant (p>0.05). Similarly; there is no statistical significant difference between male and female shoats (p>0.05), that is 67.14% (47/70) in male and 74.60% (285/382) in female. However, among species, body condition and vaccination status, was significant difference (p<0.05). The higher sero prevalence of PPR indicated a remarkable contagious nature of the disease. In conclusion, this study reveal a higher sero prevalence and subsequent endemic establishment of PPR in small ruminant in the selected area. Therefore, strict measures should be implemented for feasible prevention of the disease.

[Gebrehiwot Woldemichael, Asmamaw Aki and Kebede Gurmessa. Study on Sero- prevalence and Risk factor of Peste des Petitis ruminant disease in Small Ruminant at Metekel zone of selected District in Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia. Rep Opinion 2018;10(8):56-65]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 7. doi:10.7537/marsroj100818.07.

Key words: c-ELISA, PPR, risk factor, sero-prevalence, small ruminant

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Isolation, Identificatin And Antimicrobial Resistance Profile Of Salmonella Isolated From Chicken Cloacal Swab In Asossa And Bambasi Town, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State

*Asmamaw Aki Jano and Gebrehiwot Woldemichael

Assosa Regional Veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O. Box 326, Assosa, Ethiopia; asmamawaki@gmail.com

Abstract: A cross - sectional study on isolation, identification and antimicrobial resistance pattern of Salmonella spp in Asossa and Bambasi town, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State were carried out from November 2017 to May 2018 with the objectives to estimate prevalence of salmonella species, associated risk factors and antimicrobial resistance pattern of the isolates. For this purpose, a total of 384 cloacal swab samples were collected and were subjected to various cultural and biochemical examinations. Among the 89 (23.2%) positive isolates, 7 fermented glucose and maltose and produced both acid and gas and did not ferment dulcitol which is positive for S. pullorum. 80(89.88%) of the positive isolates fermented glucose, maltose and dulcitol and produced acid, which are typical for S.gallinarum, two were S. typhimurium. Origin/sites/, age categories, body condition and sanitary/management condition were potential risk factors, which were statistically significant value for salmonella infection (p<0.000) whereas sex groups, floor type, previous treatment history and breed factors were not significant ( p>0.05). Of the 89 isolates, 2.24 % were motile (contributes to zoonoses) while (97.75%) were non-motile. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile of all isolates were assessed against ten antimicrobials by disk diffusion technique; almost all isolates were resistant to one or more of the tested antimicrobials. Of all isolates, 95.6 % were multidrug resistant (MDR). 84.78%, 80.43%, 76.08%, 69.56%, 67.39%, 56.52% and 47.82% of the isolates were resistant to Tetracycline, Streptomycin, Kanamycine, Norfloxacin, Trimthoprim, Nalidixic Acid and Chloramphenicol respectively. However, the majority of the isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and gentamycin, followed by sulphonamides. This is a significant threat to public health particularly to those who have direct or indirect contact to poultry and poultry products so that hygienic management of poultry and its products inorder to reduce the risk and selection of antimicrobials by antimicrobial sensitivity test were also suggested.

[ Asmamaw Aki Jano and Gebrehiwot Woldemichael. Isolation, Identificatin And Antimicrobial Resistance Profile Of Salmonella Isolated From Chicken Cloacal Swab In Asossa And Bambasi Town, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State. Rep Opinion 2018;10(8):66-88]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 8. doi:10.7537/marsroj100818.08.

Keywords: Asossa, Bambasi, Cloacal swab, Isolates, drug resistant, poultry/ chicken, multidrug resistance

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The Effects of Cultural Intelligence on the Promotion of Managers' Performance

Mohammad Alavi

Department of Accounting & Managment, Qazvin branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran

banadkoki@yahoo.com

Abstract: Cultural intelligence and conflict resolution ability are essential for 21st-century leaders when considering the increased interaction with individuals from different cultural backgrounds that is now prevalent due to the technological advances of the internet and improved modes of mobility (Templer, Tay, & Chandrasekar, 2006). One of the most essential capabilities which make the managers' performance more suitable is the cultural intelligence. This research is going to investigate the field studies which have approached the relations between the cultural intelligence of the managers and their managerial performance. Finally, the results show that there are a systemic relation between managers' cultural intelligence and their managerial performance. At the end of the research, the authors will present some practical suggestions for reinforcing the cultural intelligence of the managers.

[Mohammad Alavi. The Effects of Cultural Intelligence on the Promotion of Managers' Performance. Rep Opinion 2018;10(8):89-95]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 9. doi:10.7537/marsroj100818.09.

Keywords: cultural Intelligence, culture, Intelligens, Organizational culture.

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The New Prime theorem（33）

Chun-Xuan Jiang

P.O. Box 3924, Beijing 100854, P.R. China

jiangchunxuan@vip.sohu.com

Abstract: Using Jiang function we prove  (J. Friedlander and H. Iwaniec, The polynomial  Captures its primes, Ann. Math., 148(1998) 945-1040).

[Chun-Xuan Jiang. The New Prime theorem（33）. Rep Opinion 2018;10(8):96-97]. ISSN 1553-9873 (print); ISSN 2375-7205 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 10. doi:10.7537/marsroj100818.10

Keywords: prime; theorem; function; number; new

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