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Using Multi-agent System for Solving Coverage problem in Wireless Sensor Network

Sherehan aburomman, Khalaf khataneh

Department of Computer Science, Al-Balqa applied university Salt-Jordan

sh86.emad@yahoo.com

Department of Computer Science, Al-Balqa applied university Salt-Jordan

khalafk2002@yahoo.com

Abstract- Wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the most important paradigms in computer networks because of the widespread applications. Coverage problem is a fundamental issue in sensor networks that reflects how the network is controlled by the sensors, this problem appears when any node becomes failure or out of the range, in this case the area will be disconnected and the data will not send to the destination. We present a new approach which uses a multi-agent system to solve this problem and perform an easy and secure network. In order to do that we implement sensor network by four phases: first construct a virtual network by matlab, second we use k-means clustering to cluster nodes in k-groups, third put the intelligent sensor in each cluster to be as a head for its group, fourth we divide the network to four regions and the closet agent to the sink will be the delegate to send the aggregated data from its region to the destination. Therefore, we tried to minimize the power consumption in WSN, we save the energy by keeping it sleep until it has a task to do, at this case the node changes its status to be in active mode and when it finishes it will be idle.

[Sherehan aburomman, Khalaf khataneh. Using Multi-agent System for Solving Coverage problem in Wireless Sensor Network. Rep Opinion 2014;6(2):1-6]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 1. doi:10.7537/marsroj060214.01

Keywords: Using Multi-agent System, Solving Coverage problem, Wireless Sensor Network

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Microbiological quality assessement of some brands of cosmetics powders sold within port harcourt rivers state, nigeria.

Omorodion, Nnenna. J.P, Ezediokpu Marycollete N, Edward Grant.

Department of Microbiology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, P.M.B 5323 Port Harcourt, River State, Nigeria.

nigwiloh@yahoo.com

Abstrast: A total of 20 cosmetic products consisting of 10 adult powders were randomly purchased in duplicates, based on the differences in their manufacturing dates and 10 baby powders were also randomly purchased in duplicates, based on the differences in their manufacturing dates from departmental stores in Port Harcourt, Rivers state and their microbial qualities were studied. A 10-fold serial dilution was carried out and plating was done in duplicates using standard spread plate technique. Result showed that all the products were contaminated, having total viable count ranging from 3.50 x 10⁸ ­- 1.35 x10⁹ cfu/g for the adult powder and 4.90 x10⁸ -1.37 x10⁹ CFU/g for the baby powder. Bacteria isolated from the baby powder were Staphylococcus spp. 39%, Bacillus spp. 15%, Streptococcus spp. 27%, Micrococcus spp.15% and Escherichia coli 4% while bacterial isolates from adult powder were Staphylococcus spp. 48%, Bacillus spp. 6%, Streptococcus spp. 19% and Micrococcus spp. 4%. Escherichia coli were not isolated from any of the adult powders. Fungal isolates from the baby powders were Aspergillus spp. 30%, Rhizopus spp. 30%, Candida spp. 18%, Trichoderma spp. 15%, Penicillium spp. 7% while the fungal isolates from the adult powders were Aspergillus spp. 33%, Rhizopus spp. 29%, Candida spp. 24% and Penicillium spp. 14%. Trichoderma spp. was not isolated from any of the adult powders. In conclusion, the baby powders studied showed to be more contaminated than the adult powders. This may be as a result of poor manufacturing practices, poor hygiene, contaminated raw materials or the susceptibility of the ingredients contained in the baby powders. Therefore, good manufacturing practices (GMP) and hygiene must be carried out by manufacturers and personnel, water must be tested continuously for microbial growth, raw materials should be tested before use especially those of natural origin and cosmetic products should be stored in an aseptic environment to avoid contamination before vending in the markets.

[Omorodion, Nnenna J.P, Ezediokpu Marycollete N, Edward Grant. Microbiological quality assessement of some brands of cosmetics powders sold within port harcourt rivers state, nigeria. Rep Opinion 2014;6(2):7-11]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 2. doi:10.7537/marsroj060214.02

Key words; baby powders, microbial contamination, commercial cosmetics.

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Abstract: In classic and quantum physics still there are following conflicts!...

i)            Matter is made of particle or atom?...

ii)          Light is particle or wave?...

iii)        Particles can coexist or not?...

iv)        Hydrogen is particle or matter?...

   This scientific research focus that all the “mtters and Life” of Universe shall be considered as the “Product of Light” composed of fundamental particles coexist. All the 1st generation matters including Human shall be considered as having only “PARTICLE” property and not “WAVE” property and capable of “Flying in the space”. In the Expanding Universe, the early matters shall be considered undergone major three genetic variations in structure of “particles of light” in the “Three Nuclear Age” and the matters could have acquired the additional “wave property” and “non-wave property” subsequently and subject to gradual reduction in speed of travel. It is focused that the Philosophy of behavior as particle or wave shall be distinguished based on speed of travel. Matter as particle shall be considered as travels at higher speed than matter as wave. It is speculated that the research focused in this article will solve so many misconceptions in current theories of matter “particle wave duality” conflicts as focused in uncertainty principles, Einstein, Maxwell, Newton theories. It is also speculated that this research shall provide new solutions for framing new theories to balance both “classic and quantum physics”.

[V.R. Hema Latha, M. Arulmani, B.E. Matters are made of Light or Atom?! (A new theory on Three dimensional particle wave). Rep Opinion 2014;6(2):12-29]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 3. doi:10.7537/marsroj060214.03

Key Words:

1)       Philosophy of “Virgin light”

2)      Philosophy of “J-Matter”

3)      Philosophy of “J-spectrum”

4)      Philosophy of “J-pulse”

5)      Philosophy of “J-Beam”

6)      Philosophy of “J-Flame”

7)      Philosophy of “J-Ray”

8)      Philosophy of “J-Wing”

9)      Philosophy of “Flying Human”

10)   Philosophy of “Black Fire”

11)    Philosophy of “THEE” and “THREE(THRI)”

12)   Philosophy of new definition for “Hydrogen atom”

13)   Philosophy of new definition for “Two dimensional electromagnetic wave”

14)   Philosophy of “White bow”

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Blood Transfusion Exposure In Gombe State, Nigeria

¹Dorcas Ezekiel, ¹Lynn Maori, ²Mohammed Bappah, ³Sani Aliyu and ¹Tanimu Umar

¹Infectious Disease Hospital Zambuk, Gombe State

²StateSpecialist Hospital Gombe,Gombe State

³Federal Medical Center, Gombe, Gombe State

Email: ezedorcas1@gmail.com, lynnmaori09@gmai.com, mbappah84@yahoo.com, tanimuu@gmail.com

Abstract: Patients visiting Gombe State Specialist Hospital, General Hospitals Dukku, Kaltungo and Nafada and Infectious Disease Hospital Zambuk in Gombe State were used for the study. It was shown that, females have the highest number of exposed persons to blood transfusion with 5216 (58.29%), followed by males with 2125 (23.75%). Children have 1608 (17.97%) which is the lowest.

[ Dorcas Ezekiel,  Lynn Maori,  Mohammed Bappah,  Sani Aliyu and  Tanimu Umar. Blood Transfusion Exposure In Gombe State, Nigeria. Rep Opinion 2014;6(2):30-33]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 4. doi:10.7537/marsroj060214.04

Keywords: Blood transfusion, ABO, RhD antigen, Crossmatching.

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Civil liability of parents for the handicapped child

Elham Elhamizadeh (M.A)* ¹ , Sedigheh Mosadegh Sedghi (Ph.D) ² Ali Jahankhah (Ph.D)³

^1.Department of Religious Jurisprudence and Islamic law, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

E-mail: eli.elizadeh@yahoo.com

^2.Department of Religious Jurisprudence and Islamic law, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

E-mail: mosaddegh_sedghi@yahoo.com, Tel: +989123965831

^3.Department of Religious Jurisprudence and Islamic law, Karaj branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

Abstract: The civil liability resulting from parents' dereliction of duty for their children pre-birth culminating in physical or mental disabilities is considered an overriding matter requiring be specifying and enucleating although has not been disputed in Islamic jurisprudence thereinafter. The aforesaid matter is accomplished with due attention to certain jurisprudential rules e.g. principles of harm and causation which clarifies that off and on the parents are liable for the incidence of such harms therein. Sometimes the liability in tort arising from the action of mental disabled culminating in marring the others attributes to their testamentary guardians, in which juridical texts confirm it, specifying its scope of negligence thereafter.

[Elham Elhamizadeh , Sedigheh Mosadegh Sedghi, Ali Jahankhah. Civil liability of parents for the handicapped child. Rep Opinion 2014;6(2):34-40]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 5. doi:10.7537/marsroj060214.05

Key words: liability in tort, handicapped, parents, principle of harm, rule of causation.

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Study of the psychological element of the offense in the Penal Code

Mahshid Mahtabi (M.A)¹ , Ghobad Naderi (M.A) ², Hamid Mhtabi (M.A) ³

^1. Department of law, Payame noor University, Iran

Email: MahshidMahtabi@yahoo.com

^2. Department of law, Payame noor University, Iran

^3. Department of law, Khoramabad branch, Islamic Azad University, Khoramabad, Iran

Abstract: T Hurry third constituent element, the mental element of the crime. In other words, to accomplish a crime, the legal Brdvnsr Vampy there was also necessary mental element is necessary. It matched the occurrence of any act, criminal Vkhlaf is known, is not punishable unless it is proven to be guilty of criminal liability. . The essential elements of the crime, there are two factors will need to fulfill his criminal intention, the intention to commit a criminal act that the person wants to do. Wayne asked the Drjraym with criminal intent or deliberate criminal Drjraym inadvertent error to be the pillars of the psychological element. Drjrm company has to realize there's Nsrzrvrt Drama criminal offense without its participation would not be achieved  .as a result of criminal acts committed crime , he raised the specter asked to participate Drjrm (intentional ) realized. Mental element (ill) is one of the constituent elements of crime among legal experts in both broad and narrow sense used to Mental element of the crime of deliberately limited means, including optional charges or crimes committed by the offender is considered a factor in unintentional crimes, including fraud and negligence is optional  , But the psychological element in a broad sense to include criminal liability is also in the narrow sense. In other words, to accomplish a crime, the legal Brdvnsr Vampy there was also necessary mental element is necessary. It matched the occurrence of any act, criminal Vkhlaf is known, is not punishable unless it is proven to be guilty of criminal liability. These essential elements of the crime, there are two factors will need to fulfill his criminal intention, the intention to commit it person wants to do a criminal act.

[Mahshid Mahtabi, Ghobad Naderi, Alireza Shakarbigi. Study of the psychological element of the offense in the Penal Code. Rep Opinion 2014;6(2):41-47]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 6. doi:10.7537/marsroj060214.06

Key words: mental element of the crime, punish offenders.

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The detrimental effects and mutagenical potential of Schiff base sulfadiazine derivative engineered particles  on Allium cepa (L)

Essam Ahmed Abdel-Azeem

Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

essam_1616@hotmail.com

Abstract: The objective of this work carried to evaluate the effects of two doses (50 and 100 mg) of Schiff base sulfadiazine derivative (SDD) engineered particles (EPs), at time intervals 3, 6, and 12 (hrs), on the contents of the genetic material (DNA & RNA), soluble proteins as well as cell division and chromosomal behaviour of root meristems of Allium cepa (onion bulbs) as a tested material. Scan Electron Microscope (SEM) studies revealed that ovoid-to rectangular-shaped SDD were present as clusters with an average particle size of 696 ± 17.5 nm. The obtained data showed that the contents of nucleic acids and total soluble proteins in root meristems of Allium cepa were found to be decreased by increasing both the concentration and time of exposure. Regarding the effect of SDD on the mitotic index (MI) and chromosome instability of onion root tips, the results showed significant reductions in MI accompanied by high significantly increased in the total percent of chromosomal abnormalities. Different types of chromosomal aberrations were induced following the exposure to the engineered particles of SDD such as disturbed chromosomes, chromosomal stickiness, laggards, chromosomal fragmentation and diagonal (disorientation of spindle fibers). Our investigation suggests that plant cells as an important marker of the ecosystems need to be included when evaluating the overall toxicological impact of the engineered particles in the environment.

[Abdel-Azeem EA. The detrimental effects and mutagenical potential of  Schiff base sulfadiazine derivative engineered particles  on Allium cepa (L). Rep Opinion 2014;6(2):48-58]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 7. doi:10.7537/marsroj060214.07

Keywords: Schiff base sulfadiazine derivative (SDD); Allium cepa root meristems; DNA; RNA; soluble proteins; mitosis; chromosomal aberrations.

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Effect of bioactive compounds of Artemisia herba alba on some bacteria isolated from El-Manzala water treatment plant

Haroun B.M. ¹, Elghamry A.A. ¹, Abdel-Shakour E.H. ¹*, Elmorsy S.M. ² and Zahem Y.H. ¹

^1.Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

^2.Bacteriology Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Mansoura, Egypt

*essam_hussain@hotmail.com

Abstract: Artemisia, one of the most genera in the family Asteraceae and the largest genus in the tribe Anthemideae, comprises from 200 to more than 500 taxa at the specific or subspecific level. Many Artemisia species have a high economic value in several fields, as antimicrobial agents in pharmacy, food plants and as antihelminthic and antimalaria in medicine. Artemisia herba-alba was known for its therapeutic and medicinal properties, it was used in both traditional and modern medicine. Several papers have been published on the chemical composition of specimens of Artemisia herba-alba. The aim of this work is to throw light about significance of Artemisia herba alba extracts through GC-MS analysis and determining the major derivatives of Artemisia herba alba bioactive compounds.

[Haroun B.M., Elghamry A.A., Abdel-Shakour E.H., Elmorsy S.M. and Zahem Y.H. Effect of bioactive compounds of Artemisia herba alba on some bacteria isolated from El-Manzala water treatment plant. Rep Opinion 2014;6(2):59-64]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 8. doi:10.7537/marsroj060214.08

Keywords: Artemisia herba-alba; Biological activities; Antimicrobial activity; Agar well diffusion method; GC-MS analysis.

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The Survey of the Clustering Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks

Elnaz Siamie Tekmedash (Corresponding author) 1, Masoud Mohammadi ²

^1. Islamic Azad University, Zanjan science Research Branch

^2. Islamic Azad University, Zanjan science Research Branch

Abstract: In recent years, interest in the use of wireless sensor networks has been increased in some applications such as disaster management, identifying the areas of the wars, border protection and security monitoring. It is expected that sensors can be increased long-distance in large numbers that they can act in non-regulatory environments autonomously. The nodes are often grouped in the discrete and non-overlapping clustering for support Scalability. We survey the different clustering algorithms for WSN and specify the goals, features, complexity and the others.

[ Elnaz Siamie Tekmedash, Masoud Mohammadi. The Survey of the Clustering Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks. Rep Opinion 2014;6(2):65-70]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 9. doi:10.7537/marsroj060214.09

Key words: Survey, Clustering Algorithms, Wireless Sensor Networks.

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Arsenosis is one of the Predisposing Factor of Carcinoma of Lung in Non- Smokers

Ali Raza Memon¹, Rafiq Ahmed Jalbani¹, Tanveer Ahmed Shaikh²

¹Department of Biochemistry, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences (LUMHS) Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.

²Department of Pathology, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences (LUMHS) Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.

aliraza_dr@outlook.com

Abstract: The cause of lung cancer is commonly ascribed to tobacco smoking. Arsenic is the prominent non-tobacco carcinogens strongly associated with lung cancer carcinoma. The study identified 65 lung cancer cases and 40 controls, in which 46 males and 19 females, histologically 52 cases of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of lung and 13 were Adenocarcinoma of lung. These 65 diagnosed cases all are non-smokers. The arsenic in the samples was determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. We examine the relationship between lung cancer and arsenic in a case-control study involving patients diagnosed with lung cancer between 2011 and 2012 and controls. The blood samples were collected from the Department of Oncology, NIMRA Centre, LUMHS, Jamshoro. The results indicate that the level of arsenic was significantly higher in non-smokers as compared to controls (p<0.01). This study confirms the increased risk of lung carcinoma in non- smokers in relation to Arsenic concentrations in blood and water.

[Ali Raza Memon, Rafiq Ahmed Jalbani, Tanveer Ahmed Shaikh. Arsenosis is one of the Predisposing Factor of Carcinoma of Lung in Non- Smokers. Rep Opinion 2014;6(2):71-74]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 10. doi:10.7537/marsroj060214.10

Key words: Arsenic, Lung cancer, Non- Smokers.

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Jammu & Kashmir Shall Not Be Deemed To Be Placed Within The Territory Of India

Name: Jamshed Ansari

Designation: Guest Faculty, University of Delhi, Delhi ( India)

E-Mail- jamshedansari024@gmail.com, Mob. No. 09811365596

Address: F-379, Main Jagatpur Road, Wazirabad, District- North Delhi, State- Delhi- 110084, Country- India

Abstract: The State of Jammu & Kashmir is an integral part of India though the Indian criminal jurisdiction does not extend to that State. Thus, when any offence is committed in State of Jammu & Kashmir by any foreigner then the Indian court (except the courts in Jammu & Kashmir) has no criminal jurisdiction to prosecute and punish the foreigner even though he is found at any place within the territory of India. Similarly, when any offence is committed in that State by a citizen of India and he is found at any place within the territory of India then he shall not be prosecuted and punished except after obtaining the permission from the Central Government because the State of Jammu & Kashmir is deemed to be placed outside the territory of India for the purposes of criminal law. In this way the author is of the opinion that the State of Jammu & Kashmir shall not be placed within the territory of India for the purpose of criminal law.

[Ansari, Jamshed. Jammu & Kashmir shall not be deemed to be placed within the territory of India. Rep Opinion 2014;6(2):75-76]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 11. doi:10.7537/marsroj060214.11

Key Words: Jammu & Kashmir, Criminal Jurisdiction, Prosecution, Foreigner, previous sanction.

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Abstract: This scientific research article focus that in the early universe the whole cosmo universe shall be considered as created systematically by “GOD” rather than evolved from cloud of “Star dust” supported by “Big-Bang” theory. The Cosmo Universe shall also be called as “e-UNIVERSE”.  “e” shall mean Heart”  of GOD which is the source of “Creative force” called “J-RADIATION”.  In prehistoric Tamil “e” shall be called as “EZHEM” denoted acronymically in later English Language with single alphabet as “E”. It is emphasized that in Prehistoric Tamil the “e-Universe” shall be called as K-NADU.  K-NADU shall mean KANAAN NADU.   Further K-NADU  shall be considered as having infinity level of inbuilt Dark energy, Dark matter Source  called as “KARUNAI” required for “Initial Budget”  of GOD for meeting out Creation and Maintenance expenditure. In the expanding universe the first single land formed on the Universe shall be called as “E-LANKA”  which was considered formed even before the “SUN” emits its first rays.  In Prehistoric Tamil the E-LANKA shall be J-land, Godly land and Mother of all Nations.

[M.Arulmani, B.E., V. R. Hema Latha, M.A., M.Sc., M. Phil. “E-LANKA” THE TAMIL CONTINENT?. (A new theory on e-universe). Rep Opinion 2014;6(2):77-92]. (ISSN: 1553-9873). http://www.sciencepub.net/report. 12. doi:10.7537/marsroj060214.12

2.      Key Words:

a)          Philosophy of word “E”.

b)          Philosophy of word AKKI-E

c)           Philosophy of word AKKINI

d)          Philosophy of word “E-SON”

e)          Philosophy of word E-NADU

f)            Philosophy of word “E-INDO”

g)          Philosophy of word THAM-E

h)          Philosophy of word E-EYE

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