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Review on Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia

Yosef Mamo¹ and Abay Beshah²

¹Jimma University, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma, Ethiopia

²Oromia Livestock and Fishery Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Email: josylove707@gmail.com

Abstract: Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia is a highly contagious chronic respiratory disease of cattle caused by Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies. mycoides small colonies. The disease is characterized by a relatively long incubation period and a highly variable clinical course. Recovered animals may harbor the infection in lung sequestra; necrotic areas of lung tissue separated from the surrounding normal tissue by a fibrous capsule. Contagious bovine Pleuropneumonia is current disease of major concern throughout Sub-Saharan Africa. The principal route of infection is by the inhalation of infective droplets from animals active or carrier cases of the disease. Important pathogenicity factors in MmmSC are capsular polysaccharide, hydrogen peroxide and variable surface protein. It is manifested by anorexia, fever and respiratory signs such as dyspnoea, polypnoea, cough and nasal discharges. Diagnosis depends on the isolation of an etiological agent. The common methods used for the diagnosis of the disease are complement fixation test and enzyme linked immune sorbent assays. It is considered to be a disease of economic importance. Commonly used antibiotics include tetracyclines, tylosin, erythromycin, lincomycin, spectinomycin and tilmicosin. The main problems for control or eradication are the uncontrolled movements of animals and the frequent occurrence of sub-acute or subclinical infections and the persistence of chronic carriers after the clinical phase. Therefore, adequate control strategic measures should be implemented for eradication of the disease such as test and slaughter, stamping out, quarantine and vaccination.

[Yosef Mamo and Abay Beshah. Review on Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 1-18]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 1. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.01.

Keywords: Cattle, Contagious Bovine Pleuropneumonia, diagnosis, economic importance, epidemiology, control and prevention

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A Study on Physico-chemical and Microbiological Parameters of Ground Water in Different Locations of Gwalior City (M.P.), India.

Raushani Raj¹* and Roushan K. Thakur²

¹ Department of Environmental Science, Kanya Gurukula, Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar

² Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri Vishwavidyalaya, Haridwar

E-mail: roushni.raz112@gmail.com

Abstract: The present study was aimed at assessing the ground water quality characteristics of Gwalior City. A comprehensive physico-chemical and microbiological analysis was conducted after the ground water samples were collected from different sampling locations. The study was carried out by collecting four ground water samples (two bore wells and two municipal supply water) during January-March 2012. The results were compared with Standards prescribed by WHO and ISI-10500-91. The parameters include temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Total alkalinity (TA), Chlorides (Cl^-), Total hardness (TH), Dissolved oxygen (DO), Total aerobic microbial count (TAMC) and Bacterial count (MPN/100 mg/l coliforms). The observation of the study strongly suggests that water of Gwalior region is of very high TDS and needs to be lowered down within prescribed limits before using it for drinking purposes. The present work is primary attempt to examine the water quality of various potable water resources in and around Gwalior City of M.P., India.

[Raushani Raj and Roushan K. Thakur. A Study on Physico-chemical and Microbiological Parameters of Ground Water in Different Locations of Gwalior City (M.P.), India. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 19-23]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 2. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.02.

Keywords: Ground Water, MPN, Microbiological, Physico-chemical analysis, TPC

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The impact of quality improvement groups on the performance of hospitals

Mohsen Nasiri

MSc in Health Services Management, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

ssbahar456@gmail.com

Abstract: In this paper, the impact of quality improvement groups on the performance of hospitals was investigated. Today’s health care organizations are increasingly being held accountable to develop and implement actions aimed at improving the quality of care, reducing costs, and achieving better patient-centered care. Measuring and monitoring overall health system performance is complex and challenging but is crucial to improving quality of care. A 5-year (2011-2016) initiative to achieve higher quality of patient care in university hospitals across USA were considered. As well as working on initiatives to improve performance.

[Mohsen Nasiri. The impact of quality improvement groups on the performance of hospitals. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 24-28]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 3. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.03.

Keywords: Quality improvement, performance of hospitals, USA

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Assessment Of Rational Use Of Antimicrobial In Food Animal At Gimbi Veterinary Clinic, West Wollega Zone Ethiopia

Nimota Fikadu, Misgana Duguma, Chala Mohammed, Dereje Abera,

School of Veterinary Medicine, Collage of Medical and Health Science, Wollega University,

Nekemte, Ethiopia

Corresponding author: chalamohammed@wollegauniversity.edu.et

Abstract: The study was conducted from November 2015 to May 2016 at Gimbi veterinary clinic, Western Ethiopia. Retrospective, cross-sectional and prospective study designs were used to assess rational drug use and the awareness of farmers regarding to rational use of antimicrobials in food animals in and around Gimbi town. Three years data of 4069 animal patients were taken from case registration book for the retrospective study and 1002 animal patients encounters were randomly selected for the prospective study. Additionally, 80 farmers were interviewed to assess their awareness regarding rational use of drug. The average number of drugs prescribed per encounter was 1.59 with a maximum of 3 drugs prescribed for the past 3 years. The percentage of encounters in which antibiotics and anthelmintic were prescribed at Gimbi veterinary clinic were 1128/4069 (27.7%) and 802/4069 (19.7%) respectively and 2033/4069 (50%) of prescribed drugs were multi-drug combination. Among all patients that come to veterinary clinics during the study period, 846/4069 (20.8%) cases were treated with no diagnosis. The result of questionnaire interview indicated that, 30% of the farmers treat their animals by drugs purchased from different sources in the study area. As the study indicated that, majority of the livestock owners 52/80 (65%) and 48/80 (60%) of the respondents had no information regarding withdrawal period and drug resistance respectively. The longitudinal study shows that the average number of drugs per prescription at Gimbi veterinary clinic was 1.69 with a maximum of 3 drugs. The percentage of encounters in which antibiotics and antihelmintics were prescribed at Gimbi veterinary clinic were 214/1002 (21.4%) and 153/1002 (15.3%) respectively where as 611/1002 (61%) of prescribed drugs were multi-drug. Generally, there were no standard veterinary treatment guideline and drug formulary at Gimbi veterinary clinic. Therefore, veterinary drugs used for treatment of food animals should be monitored to minimize residual effects and antimicrobial resistance in the area.

[Nimota Fikadu, Misgana Duguma, Chala Mohammed, Dereje Abera. Assessment Of Rational Use Of Antimicrobial In Food Animal At Gimbi Veterinary Clinic, West Wollega Zone Ethiopia. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 29-36]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 4. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.04.

Keywords: Gimbi, prospective, rational use, retrospective, Veterinary drugs

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Comparative Study Between Carbetocin Versus Oxytocin in Prevention of Post-partum Haemorrhage Following Cesarean Section in High-risk Pregnancies

Farid I. Hassan, M.D.; Abd-Allah K. Ahmad, M.D.; Manar M. Khaled And Yahya M. Diwer M.Sc.

Obstetric and gynaecololgy department Al Azhar University, El Hussein University Hospital

Abstract: Background:  To compare the effectiveness of carbetocin and oxytocin when they are administered at caesarean section for the routine prevention of postpartum hemorrhage in patients with high risk factors of PPH. Study Design: This is a comparative prospective, case-controlled, single centre study (1:1 ratio) conducted from July 2015 and October 2016. Methods: two hundred pregnant women between 34 and 42 weeks of gestation with a viable fetus or fetuses and at least one or more risk factor for PPH undergoing elective or emergency caesarean section under regional anaesthesia. Women were randomised to receive either carbetocin (100 cases)- group A or oxytocin (100 cases) group B. (group A) received a bolus of 100 μg IV. (group B) received 20 IU of oxytocin in 500 ml of 0.9% NaCl solution as infusion (150 mL/hour) by the anaesthetist after the birth of the baby.  Results: The two groups were comparable in the indication of CS (p = 0.954). The most frequent indication was previous CS in Carbetocin group and obstructed labor in the oxytocin group. Failed induction of labor was a common indication in the two groups. The amount of blood loss after delivery of the baby ranged between 300 and 1700 ml. Blood loss in Carbetocin group was significantly lower than that in Oxytocin group. The frequency of blood loss ≥ 1000 ml was higher in oxytocin group. There was significance difference between the two groups with p value 0.005. Additional uterotonic drugs were administered to 43 women of Oxytocin group compared to 18 women of Carbetocin group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The current study provides sufficient evidence that carbetocin is more effective than oxytocin in reducing the need for additional uterotonic agents in patients at high risk for PPH undergoing CS (43% vs 18% and p < 0.001). A single injection of carbetocin appears to be more effective than a continuous infusion of oxytocin to maintain adequate uterine tone with statistically significant better uterine contractility in carbetocin group.

[Farid I. Hassan; Abd-Allah K. Ahmad; Manar M. Khaled And Yahya M. Diwer. Comparative Study Between Carbetocin Versus Oxytocin in Prevention of Post-partum Haemorrhage Following Cesarean Section in High-risk Pregnancies. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 37-44]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 5. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.05.

Key Words: Post partum haemorrhage – oxytocin – carbetocin – caesearian section

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A Study on Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Cattle in and around Assosa Town

¹ Haymanot Getnet, ^*2 Birhanu Eticha and ^*3 Haile Worku

¹ Benishngul- Gumuz Regional State, Wombera Woreda Agriculture office, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia

^{*2 and *3} Benishngul -Gumuz Regional State, Livestock and Fisheries Resource Development Agency, P.O. Box:30 Assosa, Ethiopia Email: brihanueticha12@gmail.com and workuhaile29@mail.com

Abstract: A cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2014 to April 2015 to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with gastrointestinal nematode parasitism in cattle in and around Assosa town, Benishangul Gumuz regional state, western Ethiopia. A total of 384 fecal samples of cattle of different sexes and age groups were collected and examined for gastrointestinal nematode eggs using floatation techniques. Out of these, 105 (27.3%) animals were found positive for single and mixed gastrointestinal nematode infection. The prevalence of gastrostrointestinal nematodes based on sex of the study animals was identified and out of the total 182 female animals examined 48(26.4%) were infected by different species of gastrointestinal nematodes of which 21(43.8%), 17(35.4%), 4(8.3%), 4(8.3%), 2(4.2%) were found to be infected by Strongyle, Ascaris, Trichuris, Strongyles and Ascaris, Ascaris and Trichuris species respectively. Similarly, of the 202 male animals examined 57 (28.2%) were infected by different species of gastrointestinal nematodes out of which 21(36.8%), 21(36.8%), 4(7%), 4(7%), 2(3.5%), 1(1.7%) were found to be infected by Strongyle, Ascaris, Trichuris, Strongyles and Ascaris, Ascaris and Trichuris and Strongyles, Ascaris and Trichuris species respectively. Cattle harboring one parasite eggs were more common 90(85.7%) than those harboring two 14 (13.3%) or three 1(0.9%). Sex-wise prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes was assessed and it was not found statistically significant (p>0.05). While significantly higher prevalence (P<0.05) of infection of study animals by gastrointestinal nematodes was recorded in calf 32(40%) than in young 28(22.6%) and adult 45(25.3%) animals. There was also statistically significant variation (P<0.05) among the different body conditions of study animals, where highest prevalence was recorded in poor 57(54.9%) followed by medium 31(18.7%) and good 17(14.9%) body condition. Hence, in this study body condition and age of the study animals are important risk factors associated with gastrointestinal nematode infection in the study area implying the need for participatory approach to mitigate the impact of parasitism.

[Haymanot G, Birhanu E, and Haile W. A Study on Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Gastrointestinal Nematodes of Cattle in and around Assosa Town. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 45-50]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 6. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.06.

Keywords: Assosa, Cattle, Fecal, Floatation, Gastrointestinal Nematode, Prevalence, Risk factor

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Survey On Bovine Trypanosomosis In Mandura District Of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia: Prevalence And Associated Risk Factors

¹Asmamaw Aki Jano, ²Kebede Guremesa, and ³ Gutema Gudeta

Regional Veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O. Box: 326, Asossa, Ethiopia; email address: asmamawaki@gmail.com; Cell phone: +251922232353

Abstract: This study was conducted in Mandura district of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia between January and April, 2017 to determine trypanosomosis status, anemia association with trypanosomosis, trypanosomes species and to identify associated risks. Dark phase contrast buffy coat procedures were used for determining prevalence. Whereas, haematocrit method was used for packed cell volume (PCV) values determination. Furthermore, traps were deployed for the purpose of entomological survey. Of the total animals diagnosed 101/384 (26.30%) were trypanosomes positive. Trypanosoma congolense 88/101 (87.13%), Trypanosoma vivax 6/101(5.94%), Trypanosoma brucei 2/101(1.98%) were detected with their mixed infections 5/101(4.95%). Trypanosomes infection rate was statistically significant (P<0.0001). Mean packed cell volume (PCV) value of parasitaemic animals was lower (22.01% +3.81) than that of aparasitaemic animals (27.03% + 0.65) and the variation was statistically significant (P<0.0001). Among the examined animals, 45.83% (176/384) were found anaemic. Anaemia distribution was significantly higher 31.25% in infected cattle than in non-infected 14.58%. Study sites (p>0.05) and age categories were demonstrated significant risk factors, however, sex groups were found non- significant (P> 0.05). But body conditions has significant difference (P<0.003). During the survey, Glossina tachinoides was found in the area (5.64 f/t/d) along with other mechanical vectors such as stomoxys (4.24 f/t/d), haematopota 0.72 f/t/d) and tabanid (1.06 f/t/d). To summarize, the present study showed high trypanosomosis prevalence in the area reflecting the need for strategic control measures.

[Asmamaw Aki Jano, Kebede Guremesa, and Gutema Gudeta. Survey On Bovine Trypanosomosis In Mandura District Of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Western Ethiopia: Prevalence And Associated Risk Factors. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 51-57]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 7. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.07.

Key words: Anaemia; Mandura; PCV; Risk factor; Trypanosomosis; Tsetse fly

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Review on Medicinal and Nutritional Value of Bee’s Honey: Senior Seminar on Animal Health

Negesa Tola ¹, Geremew Haile^1*, Negesse Mekonnen ² and Walkite Furgassa¹

¹Wollega University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Nekemt, Ethiopia

²National Animal Health Diagnosis, Sebeta, Ethiopia

*Corresponding author: Wollega University, School of Veterinary Medicine, P. O. Box 395, Nekemt, Ethiopia, Email: geremewlov@gmail.com

Abstract: Honey is the name given to the sweet, yellowish liquid that is produced by honey bees and stored in honey combs. Bee's honey is one of the most valued and appreciated natural substances known to mankind since ancient times. According to modern scientific view, the best bee's honey is made by Apies mellifera (Family: Apidae). Nutritionally, it is composed of carbohydrate, water, minerals, protein, vitamins and enzymes like invertase, diastase and glucose oxidase, which are uses for nutritional values. The main nutritional and health relevant components are carbohydrates, mainly fructose and glucose that are used for athletic performance and infant nutrition increase digestion and absorption. The medicinal activities as antimicrobials, antifungal, anti parasitic and antiviral uses are due to its acidic and hydrogen peroxide. It is used as health inhancing by mixing with many natural products such as lemon, clover, milk, cinnamon and water for treatment of various ailments and other health disorders like: hearing loss, bad breath, obesity, influenza, bronchial asthma, artiritis, toothache, hair loss, bladder infections, skin infection and as well as use in beauty industry for cosmetic purpose. Honey as any other natural food can be contaminated from the environment, for instance pesticides, antibiotics; poison plants, which produce nectar containing toxic substances, can affect health status. The awareness of society on function of honey is not equally known with utilization of it. So, awareness creation in society about nutritional, medicinal and harmful effects of bee’s honey well needed.

[Negesa Tola, Geremew Haile Negesse Mekonnen and Walkite Furgassa. Review on Medicinal and Nutritional Value of Bee’s Honey: Senior Seminar on Animal Health. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 58-67]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 8. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.08.

Key Words: Bee’s Honey, Honey Composition, Medicinal Value, Nutritional Value

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Anesthetic concerns in transoral robotic surgery: initial experience of thirty-three cases.

Ezgi ERKILIÇ, Elvin KESİMCİ, Halide CEYHAN, Mustafa AKSOY*

Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Clinic, Ankara, TURKEY

*Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Ankara, TURKEY

Ezgi ERKILIC, Consultant of Anesthesia, MD.

Elvin KESIMCI, Assoc Prof of Anesthesia, MD, PhD.

Halide CEYHAN, Consultant of Anesthesia, MD.

Mustafa Aksoy, Assoc Prof of Anesthesia, MD.

eerkilic72@yahoo.com; 905053663491

Abstract: Background/aim: To describe the anesthetic management applied in transoral robotic surgery (TORS) in a single center in Turkey. Materials and Methods: We evaluated retrospectively 33 (13 females, 20 males; mean age: 55.6±13.5 years) consecutive symptomatic patients who underwent TORS under general anesthesia between January 2014- March 2016. Results: 33 patients undergoing TORS had 130 and 160 min for duration of surgery and anesthesia, respectively. 24 patients were orally intubated. 2 of the remaining were already with tracheostomies, and the rest were nasal intubated. At the end of the surgery; all of the patients were extubated in the operating rooms. In the early postoperative period; 12.1% of the patients required additional surgical procedures. Conclusion: We believe that TORS is emerging as a safe and successful therapy for the treatment of all benign and selected malignant otolaryngological tumors. An anesthesiologist plays an essential role this team. For successful anesthetic management in these patients, it is important to select the best approach with the understanding of the patient's health status, team and their choices.

[Ezgi ERKILIÇ, Elvin KESİMCİ, Halide CEYHAN, Mustafa AKSOY. Anesthetic concerns in transoral robotic surgery: initial experience of thirty-three cases. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 68-72]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 9. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.09.

Key words: TORS, Transoral robotic surgery, anesthesia

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Effect Of Pudendal Nerve Block Versus Perineal Local Infiltration On Post-Episiotomy Pain

Yehia Wafa¹, Mohammad Hassanin¹, Mohammad Almohandes², Omar Hegazy²

¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt

² Al-Galaa Teaching Maternity Hospital, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract: Background: Pain after episiotomy is a common side effect of all normal vaginal deliveries where episiotomies have been used. Pain after delivery is associated with maternal exhaustion from mild discomfort up to severe pain causing uterine atony. Methods of pain control for episiotomy are many, However the outcome of each technique is different. Objective: To study the effect of pudendal nerve block versus perineal local infiltration on post-episiotomy pain. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional prospective study to be conducted at Obstetrics & Gynecology department in El Galaa Maternity hospital on pregnant women with certain favorable criteria. The study will include 120 pregnant women in the second stage of labor divided into two groups 
, Group A with 
60 pregant women under bilateral Pudendal nerve block, Group B with 60 pregnant women under perineal local infiltration. All of the subjects under the study will undergo thorough explanation of the procedure and consent will be obtained before commencing and a full clinical history, physical examination and laboratory investigation for Hemoglobin concentration and coagulation profile will be collected from patients. Results: Out of a 60 patients under pudendal block only 5 felt mild pain after episiotomy while of the other 60 patients under local anesthetic perineal infiltration, 25 felt mild to moderate pain following the episiotomy. Conclusion: Skilled administration of pudendal nerve block can provide rapid and effective pain relief for women who choose not to use local perineal infiltration analgesia or who do not have the option of epidural or spinal anesthesia and would like assistance with pain relief at the end of the second stage, with operative vaginal birth or with perineal repair.

[Yehia Wafa, Mohammad Hassanin, Mohammad Almohandes, Omar Hegazy. Effect Of Pudendal Nerve Block Versus Perineal Local Infiltration On Post-Episiotomy Pain. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 73-78]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 10. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.10.

Keywords: Effect; Pudendal; Nerve Block; Perineal; Local Infiltration; Post-Episiotomy Pain

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The innovative management of Onychomycosis by the use of Diode Laser 808-nm: A Pilot Study

Al-Sadat Mosbeh.(MD)¹, Ahmed Aladl(MD)², Hamed Mohamed Abdo.(MD) ³

¹Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Email: sadatmosbeh@gmail.com

²Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Email: dr_aladl80@yahoo.com

³Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Email: hamed392@yahoo.com

Abstract: Objective: To investigate if Diode laser-808 nm treatment has the potential to eradicate onychomycosis. Patients and methods: Forty patients with a total of 102 mycotic toe nails were randomized to the treatment group (808-nm Diode laser) or control group (no laser treatment). We conducted four laser treatments at 4- to 6-week intervals. In both groups, a local antimycotic agent was applied to the sole of the foot, the area between the toes and the skin directly surrounding the nails. The primary endpoint was complete remission of the onychomycosis after 12 months (fungal culture and histology); secondary endpoints included clinical improvement (Onychomycosis Severity Index, OSI) and the occurrence of pain or other adverse events. Results: A comparison of both groups' OSI scores showed no significant differences at baseline (P > 0.05). In both groups, toenails had solely a Trichophyton rubrum infection. The primary endpoint of mycological remission (i.e. no evidence of infection in fungal culture and PAS stain), while the secondary endpoint is improvement of clinical appearance of the nails using the Onychomycosis Severity Index (OSI). In the OSI scores, there were no statistically confirmed differences between the two groups. No adverse effects were observed in either the laser or the control group. Conclusion: The Diode laser 808-nm shows a long-term efficacy as a monotherapy. Its role as an adjuvant therapy should be investigated in upcoming trials.

[Al-Sadat Mosbeh, Ahmed Aladl, Hamed Mohamed Abdo. The innovative management of Onychomycosis by the use of Diode Laser 808-nm: A Pilot Study. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 79-85]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 11. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.11.

Key Words: Diode Laser 808 nm; Onychomycosis.

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Review of all publication ( 2010 – 2014 ) from Saudi Arabia in the field of obstetrics and gynecology and related subjects

Hassan S.O. Abduljabbar MD, FRCS¹, Yasir Ahamd Bukhari MBBS², Ayman M Oraif MBBCH FRCSC³, Hadeel Mohammed Taleb MBBS⁴, Arwa Fayez shamrani MBBCH⁵

¹Professor and Consultant, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, P.O.Box 80215 Jeddah 21452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Tel: +966 12 6408310 Fax: +966 12 6408341 mobile 00966 505 600 956 E-mail: profaj17@yahoo.com.

²Teaching assistant, Obstetrics and Gynecology department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, P.O Box. 80215 Jeddah 21412, Saudi Arabia mobile: 00966 505 539 395 E-mail: y.bukhari34@gmail.com

³Assistant Professor and Consultant, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical College, King Abdulaziz University, P.O.Box 80215 Jeddah 21452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Tel: +966 12 6408310 Fax: +966 12 6408341 mobile 00966 538 062 000 E-mail: ayman_oraif@yahoo.com.

⁴Resident Obstetrics and Gynecology department, department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, P.O Box. 80215 Jeddah 21412, Saudi Arabia mobile: 0966 541 167 331 E-mail: dmh-2411@live.com

⁵Resident Obstetrics and Gynecology department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, P.O Box. 80215 Jeddah 21412, Saudi Arabia Tel: 00966 557 678 606 E-mail: arwa_sh10@hotmail.com

Abstract: Background; In the last five years, many universities, medical schools, hospital and medical centres have involved in medical research. The number of scientific publication is limited. The aims to evaluate the number and the quality of the publication in obstetrics and gynaecology and related subjects published from the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. (2010 -2014). Settings and Design: A retrospective study conducted at obstetrics and gynaecology Department, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Material and methods; PubMed is a free search database provides quality control publication of (ISI) Institute for Scientific Information. PubMed used to determine the number of obstetrical and gynaecological publication and data collected for five years from January 2010 until December 2014. All abstracts that appeared in the PubMed database analysed meticulously for the type and the subject of publication, year of publication, Institute and the region where the study conducted. The inclusion and exclusion criteria clearly defined before the study. The number of publication per year from 2010 to 2014, region and the name of the university identified. Results; A total number of medical publication in obstetrics and gynecology found in PubMed ISI were 230 in five years from 2010 until 2014. There was a steady increase from (2010 – 2014). The majority of study 21.5% were retrospective studies, and only 9 were randomized clinical trial and three meta-analyses. Most of the medical research in obstetrics and gynecology published from the universities or King Faisal Specialists Hospital. Central and western region contribute to 65.1% of publication. The subspecialty in 51.2% of the research was obstetrics. Conclusion The obstetrics and gynecology research in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is limited, and it is mainly in obstetrics and either retrospective studies or case report, and case series and the quality of research has to be improved.

[Hassan S.O. Abduljabbar MD, FRCS, Yasir Ahamd Bukhari MBBS, Ayman M Oraif MBBCH FRCSC, Hadeel Mohammed Taleb MBBS, Arwa Fayez shamrani MBBCH. Review of all publication ( 2010 – 2014 ) from Saudi Arabia in the field of obstetrics and gynecology and related subjects. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 86-90]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 12. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.12.

Keywords Research, Kingdom Saudi Arabia, obstetrics and gynecology

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Prevalence of Cattle Trypanosomosis, Vector density and associated risks in Dangur District of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia

Asmamaw Aki Jano

Regional Veterinary Diagnostic, Surveillance, Monitoring and Study Laboratory, P.O.Box:326, Asossa, Ethiopia; email address: asmamawaki@gmail.com; Telephone: +251922232353

Abstract: Cross - sectional study was conducted in Dangur district of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State between March and June, 2017 to determine the prevalence of cattle trypanosomosis, the prevailing species of trypanosomes and to identify associated risks. Parasitological (buffy coat technique) and haematological (measuring packed cell volume) procedures were employed to analyze the blood samples collected from (n=382) randomly selected cattle (Bos indicus). The overall prevalence of trypanosomosis was 87(22.77%). The infection was mainly caused by T. congolense 68 (78.16%), T.vivax 12 (13.79%), T.brucei 2(2.29%) and mixed infection of T. Congolense and T. vivax 3(3.44%) and T. Congolense and T.brucei 2(2.29%). The variation in prevalence was statistically significant (chi2=316.44, p<0.000). The mean packed cell volume (PCV) value of infected animals was statistically significantly (p <0.000) lower (21.59%) than that of non-infected animals (30.4%). The prevalence showed no significant difference in susceptibility among study sites, between sex categories, age groups and body conditions. During the survey, Glossina tachinoides was found in the area (6.06 f/t/d) along with other mechanical vectors such as stomoxys (4.15 f/t/d), haematopota 0.93 f/t/d) and tabanid (1.36f/t/d). The study revealed that trypanosomosis is an important disease of cattle in the study area signifying the need to devise control strategies towards the diseases to alleviate its adverse impact.

[Asmamaw Aki Jano. Prevalence of Cattle Trypanosomosis, Vector density and associated risks in Dangur District of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Northwest Ethiopia. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 91-97]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 13. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.13.

Key words: Cattle, Dangur, PCV, Prevalence, Risk factor, Trypanosome, Trypanosomosis

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Screening of Antibacterial Potentiality of Thalictrum foliolosum leaves Extracts

Savita Joshi and S.C. Sati

Department of Botany, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital-263002, India

savijoshi@ymail.com

Abstract: The antibacterial activity of methanol, chloroform, hexane and aqueous extracts of the plant Thalictrum foliolosum collected from Nainital, Kumaun Himalaya, has been investigated. The extracts were tested against five pathogenic bacteria (Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, Erwinia chrysanthemi, Escherichia coli and Xanthomonas phaseoli) using disc-diffusion method. Disc treated with standard antibiotic Gentamycin served as positive control in the experiment. Methanol and Hexane extracts showed highest activity against all the pathogens tested followed by Chloroform. However the aqueous extract had almost no inhibitory effect on the tested organisms.

[Savita Joshi and S.C. Sati. Screening of Antibacterial Potentiality of Thalictrum foliolosum leaves Extracts. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1):98-102]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 14. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.14.

keywords: Thalictrum foliolosum, antibacterial activity, disc-diffusion, Kumaun Himalaya

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Strawberry Shaped Lorenz Plots Discovery and Apply in the Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation （AF）and AF with Two Degree Atrioventricular**

Yuenping Pan, Fangfang Zhang, Ru Liu, Yansong Zhang, Zhongjian Li, Huaijie Zhu^*

The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 2# Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450014, China.

*Corresponding Author: Huaijie Zhu, MD, Email; jacksun689@gmail.com, Tel. 86-150-3711-5732

** The Item was sponsored by Education Committee of Henan State, China, Item File# is 14A320027 & 15A32002.

Abstract: Background and objective: At present, using Lorenz plot to diagnosis the persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) and AF merged with II degree atrioventricular block is still a difficult and controversial. The purpose of the study is to analyses the single quadrant scatter data mapping Lorenz Plots of AECG data, from 98 AF patients (mean age is 76.5 years old) diagnosed and AF accompanied with the second degree atrioventricular block, and to try to find the unique Lorenz scatter diagram to have a clear diagnosis for the AF patients and AF accompanied with the second degree atrioventricular block. Methods: Used the ECGLAB HOLTER 12. TOP version of the dynamic ECG analyzer for Heart rate variability in analysis of plate loading Lorenz scatter diagram of software, the single quadrant plot each patient with AF AECG data analysis, to observe the graphics features for the diagnosis and application on the AF and AF patients accompanied with the second degree atrioventricular block patients. Result；Unique "without stalk strawberry" Lorenz scatter diagram of single quadrant scatter diagram from the AF patients 24 hours AECG data show; and The unique "with stalk hand strawberry" Lorenz scatter diagram of single quadrant scatter diagram from 24 hours AECG of the AF patient with two degree atrioventricular block. Conclusion：1. The first report of AF in patients with AECG data of single quadrant plot shows "without stalk strawberry " Lorenz Plots, AF and AF merged with II degree atrioventricular block patients with AECG data of single quadrant scatter plot showed that the "with stalk strawberry" Lorenz scatter diagram; 2. The study of AF patients with AECG data to form a "strawberry shaped Lorenz Plots "and Esperer et al AF reported AECG patients formed the" fan Lorenz plots "for different reasons, may be related to age with the AF long disease history, atrioventricular node function decreased seriously, cause P-R prolongation associated with. For the mechanism to be further study.

[Yuenping Pan, Fangfang Zhang, Ru Liu, Yansong Zhang, Zhongjian Li, Huaijie Zhu. Strawberry Shaped Lorenz Plots Discovery and Apply in the Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation （AF）and AF with Two Degree Atrioventricular. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 103-111]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 15. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.15.

Keywords: Strawberry Shaped Lorenz Plots (SSLP), Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation, Lorenz plots; Poincare plot; arrhythmias; Heart Rate Variability; 24-hour Halter Monitoring; ambulatory electrocardiogram（AECG）

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Study on Extraction and application of human saliva protein

Xiao Hao, Yansong Zhang, Wei Sun, Huaijie Zhu*

The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 2# Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450014, China.

*Corresponding Author: Huaijie Zhu, MD, Email; jacksun689@gmail.com, Tel. 86-150-3711-5732

The Item was sponsored by Science and technology project from science and Technology Department of Henan State, China, Item File# is 142102310355 and Jinshui District science and technology project, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. Item File# is 11.

Abstract: Objective: Collection and extraction of human saliva proteins; Material and Methods: Random from health examination population, different gender, and different age saliva supply 60 people as the research object using saliva supply. According to the age divided into 30-40, 41-50, and 51-60 three age groups ， that group were composed with 1/2 male and 1/2 female. Collect saliva 200 UL. Used Jacksun Easy Biotech Inc. Saliva Protein Extract Kit，catalog number is JZ-013, following the kit protocol exactly. To be in 30 ul RIPA solution /each person respectively. Results: Saliva protein extracted from 200 UL can be obtained saliva protein of 30 UL, 4-4.27ug/ul. 30-40 years old group of saliva before breakfast to obtain the highest concentration protein extraction. Conclusion;1. 200ul saliva can extract 30ul, 4-4.27 ug/ul protein; 2. Saliva protein content was highest in 30 minutes before breakfast; 3. Saliva collection and protein extraction are easy and convenient, which is the most convenient source of protein for human diseases.

[Xiao Hao, Yansong Zhang, Wei Sun, Huaijie Zhu. Study on Extraction and application of human saliva protein. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1): 112-114]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 16. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.16.

Keywords: Saliva, Saliva Protein Extract, Biomarker, Protein Marker. Diagnosis, Human Disease

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Relationship between Psychological Resilience and Depression among Women with Habitual Abortion or without: A Comparative Study.

Hussein Mohamed Hussein Bakheet¹, Nadia Abdalla Mohamed^2, and Sabah Saleh Hassan³

¹Professor of Psychology at Qena Faculty of Arts, South Valley University, Egypt

²Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of nursing, South valley University, Egypt

³Lecturer of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Minia University, Egypt.

Correspondence: Sabah Saleh Hassan. Address: Faculty of Nursing, MiniaUniversity, Egypt.

E-mail: sabahsaleh99@yahoo.com

Abstract: Depression is considered one of the main psychological disturbances resulted from crises like repeated abortions. The study aimsto disclose the relationship between depression and psychological resilience among women with habitual abortionand those who don't. A descriptive correlational design was used. The study hypotheses were: 1. There is a correlation between repeated abortion and resilience among women who experience repeated abortion. 2. Women who experience repeated apportion will have depression and negative correlation in psychological resilience dimensions. A convenience sample of 100 women attending the Mother and Child Center were selected to participate in the study. Fifty women were pregnant with no history of abortion, and fifty women had a history of repeated abortion. The study was conducted at tow Mother and Child Health Centers in Qena Governorate, Egypt. The tools of the study were: 1. a list that illicit data regarding social and economic levels, 2. A scale of psychological resilience, and 3. a scale of depression. The tools were measured for validity and reliability and prove to be valid and reliable. The results of the study validated the research hypothesis. There area correlation between repeated abortion and depression. The study recommended counselling of women with repeated abortion focusing on aspects of psychological resilience.

[Hussein Mohamed Hussein Bakheet, Nadia Abdalla Mohamed and Sabah Saleh Hassan. Relationship between Psychological Resilience and Depression among Women with Habitual Abortion or without: A Comparative Study. Biomedicine and Nursing 2017;3(1):115-126]. ISSN 2379-8211 (print); ISSN 2379-8203 (online). http://www.nbmedicine.org. 17. doi:10.7537/marsbnj030117.17.

Keywords: Depression, psychological resilience, repeated abortion.

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