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Analysis of disturbances in the ecological balance and geoecological situation in desert landscape complexes of Central Fergana

Urayimjon Shavkatjonovich Uktamov

Andijan State Pedagogical Institute, Andijan, Uzbekistan

E-mail: uktamovurayimjon184@gmail.com

Abstract: The article provides information about geo-ecological problems arising in the desert landscapes of Central Fergana, and measures to prevent them. Methodological recommendations for implementing tasks to assess the current geo-ecological situation in desert landscapes are also described.

[Uktamov U.SH. Analysis of disturbances in the ecological balance and geoecological situation in desert landscape complexes of Central Fergana. Nat Sci 2024, 22 (6): 1-3]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature.  01. doi:10.7537/marsnsj220624.01.

Key words: desert landscape, geoecological situation, ecosystem, landscape, geosystem, landscape complex, natural-anthropogenic, landscape structure, reclamation

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G Complex Mass Theory

Guan Yiying [1]   Guan Tianyu [2]

[1] No. 71 Diantan Road, Harbin 150030   [2] University of Toronto M5S2E8

guanyiying@163.com

Abstract: All physical quantities in the natural world can be expressed by complex numbers, in which the real part and virtual part together form an entity of contradiction. In detail, the real part is not only opposite but also interlinked to the virtual part and they can achieve mutual transformation. In a complex mass, the real part (real mass) embodies the particle (fermion) property of a substance, while the virtual part (virtual mass) embodies the wave (boson) property. Furthermore, the virtual property and entity property of mass lay a foundation for the theory of wave-particle duality. In addition, virtual substance is a main source to produce dark matter. The real part presents with a Riemann geometric space when expanded, which reflects the curvature property of the space-time, while the virtual part presents with a Roche geometric space when expanded, which reflects the torsion property of the space-time. Roche space takes speed as radius and its limited radius is the speed of light.

[Guan Yiying, Guan Tianyu. G Complex Mass Theorya. Nat Sci 2024,22(6):4-15]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print);ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 02. doi:10.7537/marsnsj220624.02.

Key words: Complex Mass, Real Mass, Virtual mass, Rest mass, Dynamic Mass, Real Mass Field, Virtual Mass Field

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Water treatment by using natural pressure in reverse osmosis (Suggested strategies)

Babak Mohammadi

Department of Water Engineering University of Tabriz, Iran

Babakmsh@yahoo.com

Abstract: Water is a vital resource that usually has limitations. Freshwater is almost constant in specific geographical areas, which covers limited areas. The use of saline water is a way to deal with water shortage. Membranous process probably turns saltwater in to fresh one. One of the most minuscule membranes in separating process is osmosis membranes. In reverse osmosis, the water   moves from higher concentration to the lower one due to the pressure entering the salt water, furthermore, water moves against the Salts concentration gradients and natural direction osmosis. Pure water passes through the membrane, thus, salt remains in the other side of the membrane. In the United States of America, which has allocated, over 17% of the world desalination of salinity, reverse osmosis is the dominant method in desalting. In this process, in addition to salt ions the other substances in water such as suspended particles, viruses, minerals, organic matter and microbes are separated from the water. In this method, pressure must be increased by rising the amount of solute in water. Thus, the required pressure for desalination is 10 to 15 bars for the brackish water and about 54 to 80 bars for seawater.

[Babak Mohammadi. Water treatment by using natural pressure in reverse osmosis (Suggested strategies). Nat Sci 2024,22(6):16-18]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 03.

doi:10.7537/marsnsj220624.03.

Keywords: water; osmosis; treatment

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Trypanosomosis in Goats in Gullele Settlement Areas of Ghibe Valley, South West Ethiopia

Firdawek Ayele¹, Desta Beyene¹, Wudyalew Mulatu² Bulto Giro³ and Fufa Abunna^3*

¹College of Veterinary Medicine, Haramaya University, P.O.Box, 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia

²International Livestock Research Institute, P.O.Box 5689, Ethiopia.

³College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Department of Clinical Studies, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 34, Bishoftu, Oromia, Ethiopia

^3*Corresponding Author:  fufa.abunna@aau.edu.et; Mobile phone: +251 911899435

Abstract

 A cross-sectional survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of Trypanosomosis, to collect and identify the main vectors involved in the transmission in the newly established Gullele settlement area of the Ghibe valley South West Ethiopia. Blood sample from 280 randomly selected goats collected and examined with direct smear stained with Giemsa.  Eight of the goats (2.9%, 95% CI =1.24-5.55%) were found infected with trypanosomosis. The infection were due to Trypanosoma congolense (37.5%) followed by Trypanosoma vivax (25%), mixed infection of Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma vivax (25%) and Trypanosoma vivax and Trypanosoma brucei (12.5%). There was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) in infection rates between male and female (X²=.001, df=1, P=0.981) and among different age groups(x²=0.753, df=1, P = 0.386). Statistical analysis of the prevalence of trypanosomes at Biftu Jalala and Jiru Gemechu (x² =0.035, df =1, P=0.851) not significant (P>0.05). Mean PCV values of parasitaemic animals were significantly lower than that of aparasitaemic animals. In an attempt to identify the vector involved in transmission of trypanosomes, Glossina moristans submoristans, Glossina pallidipes and Glossina fuscipes and mechanical vectors of trypanosomes were recorded with their apparent densities of f 0.02, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.02 flies/trap/day, respectively. In conclusion, the study revealed that trypanosomosis is endemic and there is a potential economic use of goats.

[Firdawek Ayele, Desta Beyene, Wudyalew Mulatu, Bulto Giro  and Fufa Abunna. Trypanosomosis in Goats in Gullele Settlement Areas of Ghibe Valley, South West Ethiopia. Nat Sci 2024,22(6):19-24]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print);ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 04. doi:10.7537/marsnsj220624.04.

Key words: Ghibe, Glossina species, Goat, Settlement

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Talent Identification and Its Implementation in the Selection of North Gondar under Fifteen Volleyball Project players

Kassahun Mintesnot, Messay Dessalegne, Abeje Kumilachew

Faculty of Natural and Computational Science Department of Sport Science. P.O. Box. 196

abejekumlachew@gmail.com

Abstract: The objectives of this study has been assessing the practice of talent identification in the selection of under fifteen volleyball project players in north Gondar administrative zone. Adopting mixed approach particularly explanatory design, a total of 48 participants (male=31 female=17) were taken from volleyball projects of Gondar Zuria, Dembia, Adiarkay and Lay Armachiho woredas as samples of the study. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected. To this end, quantitative data were collected using self-developed questionnaire. Whereas, qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interview. After data collection, analyses were undertaken both in quantitative and qualitative terms. Specifically, quantitative data were analyzed using statistical software SPSS version 20. On the other hand, qualitative data were analyzed by summarizing thematic findings that are in line with the research questions. Results of the study revealed that except passing and spiking techniques, other technical/tactical variables such as ball handling technique were not considered during the selection. Except vision or hand-eye coordination, other physiological variables such as coordination and reaction speed were not taken in to account during selection. Results indicate that psychological variables such as problem solving were tested during selection. However, psychological variables such as determination were overlooked during selection. Results also show that physical variables as height of the players were critically considered during selection. Others like somatotype were also examined to some extent. On the contrary, variables such as size were rejected during selection. Results also confirmed that project teams’ success in short period of time and promoting the volleyball sport are some of the positive outcomes achieved as result of implementing some of the talent identification criteria. Whereas, failure to get enough number of new volleyball players and occurrence of irregular attendance to trainings by volleyball players are some of the negative outcomes observed as result of absence of most of the scientific talent identification criteria among other factors. Lack of training opportunities and standardize selection manuals are some of the factors that prohibit the full realization of scientific talent identification practices in the indicated project teams. Based on the findings of the study, recommendation such as EVF, regional, zonal and woreda sport governing bodies should facilitate ample education and training opportunities for existing coaches and sport experts, have been given to narrow the gaps observed.

[Kassahun Mintesnot, Messay Dessalegne, Abeje Kumilachew.  Talent Identification and Its Implementation in  the Selection of North Gondar under Fifteen Volleyball Project players. Nat Sci 2024,22(6):25-47]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167(online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 05. doi:10.7537/marsnsj220624.05.

Key words: Talent identification, Volleyball, under fifteen volleyball projects and North Gondar

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A Study of Egypt's Production and Foreign Trade of Fruits

Howayda Y. Botros

Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt

Email: howayda.y@yahoo.com

 ORCID.ID:0000-0001-7618-7068

Abstract: This research paper aims to analyze domestic production, consumption, exports, and imports of major fresh fruits in Egypt. The fruit sector in Egypt is experiencing continuous growth in production, contributing to meeting domestic demand and playing a significant role in international trade. The study relied on data for key fruit crops, including fresh dates, apples, olives, grapes, mangoes, bananas, oranges, and mandarins, during the recent period of 2010 - 2022. The study indicates that in 2022, Egypt's total fruit production was about 16.24 million tons, with 10.06 million tons of fresh fruit and 4.70 million tons of citrus. Fresh fruit accounted for 78 percent of total fruit production excluding citrus and about 57 percent including citrus. Total fruit exports amounted to 2.20 million tons, with 634 thousand tons of fresh fruit and 1.87 million tons of citrus. Fresh fruit constituted 29 percent and citrus 56 percent of total fruit exports. The study found a statistically significant increase in the production of both fresh fruit and citrus, with fresh fruit production rising by 0.04 million tons annually and citrus production by 0.02 million tons per year. Additionally, there was a statistically significant increase in domestic consumption of fresh fruit, with an annual rise of 0.02 million tons. The study also highlights a statistically significant annual increase in the value of fresh grape exports by EGP 0.10 thousand and fresh grape imports by EGP 0.34 thousand. However, the annual increase in the value of fresh grape imports is three times higher than that of exports. The quantity and value of mango exports also show a statistically significant annual increase of about 0.23 million tons and EGP 0.30 thousand, respectively, indicating improved efficiency in mango exportation and increased domestic production. Finally, the study reveals that the quantity and value of exports for oranges and mandarins are also significantly increasing. Orange exports grew by 0.06 million tons annually, while mandarin exports increased by 0.24 million tons annually, indicating that mandarin exports are growing at four times the rate of orange exports. The study concludes that Egypt's production of fresh fruit, including oranges, mandarins, grapes, mangoes, olives, and dates, has achieved a trade surplus during the study period. This presents a significant opportunity for the country to enhance its exports, open new markets, and strengthen its position in the global fruit trade. By capitalizing on this surplus, Egypt can explore new international markets, diversify its export destinations, and potentially increase its market share on the global stage. Improve production strategies, marketing, quality, and meet international standards, thereby strengthening Egypt's position in the global market.

[Howayda Y. Botros. A Study of Egypt's Production and Foreign Trade of Fruits. Nat Sci 2024,22(6):48-63]. ISSN 1545-0740 (print); ISSN 2375-7167 (online). http://www.sciencepub.net/nature 06. doi:10.7537/marsnsj220624.06.

Keywords: Production, Fresh Fruit, Profit Margin, Trade Balance, Export Efficiency

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